The Post Disaster Needs Assessment in Asia-Pacific: A Regional Overview

Since 2005

48 PDNAs have

been conducted

in 40 countries

Out of these

21 have been

conducted in

the Asia-Pacific

region

21 PDNAs conducted in the Asia-Pacific region

Country Event Year

Myanmar Flood 2015

Nepal Earthquakes 2015

Vanuatu Tropical Storm 2015

Fiji Cyclone 2013

Samoa Cyclone 2012

Bhutan Earthquake 2011

Pakistan Flood 2011

Thailand Flood 2011

Laos PDR Typhoon 2011

Kyrgystan Flood 2010

Pakistan Flood 2010

Cambodia Cyclone 2009

Laos PDR Cyclone 2009

Indonesia Earthquake 2009

Samoa Tsunami 2009

Philippines Cyclone 2009

Bhutan Earthquake 2009

India Flood 2008

Myanmar Cyclone 2008

Bangladesh Cyclone 2007

Pakistan Earthquake 2005

Evolution of the PDNA Methodology

Post-crisis Cooperation Agreement and Guidelines

On 25 September 2008, the UNDG, EU and

WB signed a Joint Declaration on Post-Crisis

Assessments and Recovery Planning

- PDNA Volumes A and B

- Disaster Recovery Framework

Presented in September 2014 at

the Second World

Reconstruction Conference;

officially launched at the Sendai

World Conference on Disaster

Risk Reduction on 14

March 2015

Why conduct a PDNA: Rationale

Common platform

for coordinated

action

Enhance country

resilience to crisis

People-centredinclusive approach to the civil society

Government led

process

Tool for resource

mobilization and

recovery

programming

Harmonize

methodologies,

toolkits and capacity

building approach

PDNA Actors

National Government and its Institutions

National Disaster Management Systems, the Line Ministries and the Local Governments

Civil society, Private Sector, Technical and Academic Institutions

EU, WB, UNDG and other International Partners

PDNA Actors

Who conducts a PDNA: Key actors

PDNA Activation

In country communication between EU, WB, UN of a possible request for a PDNA, reported immediately to HQ.

Official request from the Government and joint decision to activate a PDNA including the designation of the national lead ministry.

Deployment of a Planning Mission and formulation of the TORs for the PDNA.

Definition of the support that Government and partners will provide to the process.

Coordination with Gov. and

among partners

Tools and mechanisms for the PDNA

Agreed methodology for the assessment:

PDNA Vol. A

18 Sector-specific guidelines: PDNA Vol. B

A Disaster Recovery Framework: DRF

Training package

Roster of experts

High Level Management (Team Provides Strategic Guidance)

PDNA Coordination Team Sector Teams

PDNA Coordination Structure

Note: The diagram above illustrates the typical sectors that are assessed in the PDNA, this can vary from country to country.

Typical Sectors and Subsectors

CROSS-CUTTING

Agriculture

Commerce

Industry

Tourism

Housing

Education

Health

Culture

Water & Sanitation

Community infrastructure

Energy

Transport

Telecommunications

GENDER GOVERNANCE ENVIRONMENT DISASTER RISK

REDUCTION

EMPLOYMENT AND

LIVELIHOODS

PRODUCTIVE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

SectorsThe Role of the EU, UNDG and WB

Multi sectorial experts deployment for coordination

and sector assessment

Technical support to implement post-disaster

recovery

Funding PDNAs and reconstruction and recovery

activities

Training and Capacity Building

Tripartite Partners

PDNA implementation process

Resource mobilization and implementation mechanism

Formulating the Recovery Strategy

Consolidation and analysis of Sector effects, impact and needs

Data collection and validation, draft sectorial reports

Conduct training/orientation on PDNA

Establish the PDNA assessment team

What is a PDNA?Key Considerations

• Types of disasters impact sectors differently eg. earthquakes impact the housing (social) and

roads (infrastructure) the most; floods and cyclones tend to impact agriculture (productive),

livelihoods and environment (cross-cutting) more

• The country context is critical in calculating recovery needs eg. in Bhutan and Nepal

earthquakes, restoration of cultural heritage is important for physical as well as psycho-social

needs

• To analyse pre-and-post-disaster effects, baseline data must be available and collected

beforehand, usually by the Government

• In addition to desk review, the assessment must include field visits to validate data and

ensure the human dimension

• The PDNA highlights underlying risks and vulnerabilities that pose a threat to future

disasters, therefore, recovery needs include components of disaster risk reduction or build

back better

• Disaggregated data from enough disasters show that women are disproportionately affected

by disasters, gender has emerged as an important cross cutting issue to address in recovery

• PDNAs led to national assessment instruments adapted and developed in: Indonesia, Laos,

Philippines, Nepal, Kyrgyzstan, Central America, Caribbean, Jamaica

• Used for small and large disasters to form recovery and reconstruction plans: Fiji, Samoa,

Caribbean islands

• Institutionalized process by law: Indonesia, Nepal

• Recovery and Reconstruction done with a focus on reducing risks, “building back better”:

Indonesia

• Led to complete review of strategy and investment in Disaster Risk Reduction: Indonesia,

Bangladesh, Nigeria

• Post-disaster recovery led to conflict reduction: Indonesia (Aceh)

• Concept of recovery moving from focus on physical reconstruction to focus on recovery

from impacts on human development, welfare, livelihoods and capacities: Fiji, Samoa,

Malawi

• Capacity building on conducting the PDNA: Trainings for representatives from ASEAN

member states (July 2015) and SAARC disaster management authorities (September 2015)

held

Strategic results of cooperationStrategic results of cooperation

• ASEAN-UN Strategic Plan of Action on Disaster

Management: MOU signed on 27 November

2007

• Joint Declaration on ASEAN-UN Collaboration

on Disaster Management to support the

implementation of the AADMER Work Plan,

2010-15

• UNDP leading Recovery component: ASEAN

Disaster Recovery Reference Guide, first draft

by end 2015

• The pre-disaster recovery arrangements and

post-disaster recovery plans include the conduct

of PDNAs and building capacities in the region

to undertake PDNAs

What is a PDNA?ASEAN Disaster Recovery Reference Guide

• Finalization of ASEAN Disaster Recovery

Reference Guide and roll-out of PDNA trainings

at the country level

• Hands on training for SAARC country

representatives on conducting PDNA and RARR

• Creation of roster of sector experts in the Asia-

Pacific region

• Greater use of innovative tools such as space

technology, crowdsourcing applications and

others developed by ESCAP into the PDNA

methodology

What is a PDNA?Looking Ahead