THE ORGANELLE

ORGANSHOW

You will recall that cells are the third tier in the level of complexity; between

molecules and ????????

tissues

Within most cells these are membrane bound, that is they have a membrane surrounding them and

composed of membranes.

organelles

An envelope is a double membrane which has pores for flow of

material.

Nuclear Envelope

A dark area of chromatin, it is

involved in making ribosomes.

Nucleolus

Outside the nucleus, inside the cell

membrane, the liquid portion (rich in

proteins) that allows dissolved molecules to move within the cell.

Cytosol

Cytosol and organelles combined are called

the ????

Cytoplasm

A spherical structure found either free

floating in cytosol or attached to ER. These structures are the site of protein

synthesis.

Ribosomes

A membrane system that may be continuous with the plasma membrane.

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Has many ribosomes on it and is the site of protein production

(for secretion outside the cell).

RER

This has no ribosomes and serves to package the proteins produced in the RER. Proteins are collected within a bubble formed by the

membrane

SER

This is a membrane system located close to the plasma membrane where proteins are modified and leave within a vesicle

formed by membranes.

Golgi Apparatus

The main site of energy release inside the cell. Many enzymes are located within to help release

energy from food molecules. The folded inner membranes assist in ATP production.

Mitochondria

These structures are found in cells which produce their own food

(plants and autotrophs).

Plastids

Some examples of plastids are: chloroplasts - chlorophyll.chromoplasts - flowers and fruits.leucoplasts - starch formed from sugars here. What colour are they?

green; red, yellow and

orange, clear

Cell’s storage containers. These are often large in plant cells and contain

mostly water. They may also contain food, pigments and salt.

Vacuoles

These are structures that contain enzymes used to digest old cell structures. In

animal cells these may aid in digesting food particles in a food

vacuole.

Lysosomes

A system of microtubules and proteins that acts like a scaffolding structure within the

cell. It can give a cell shape and allow for the passage of organelles.

Cytoskeleton

Common to animal cells, these structures are used during cellular reproduction, pulling the chromosomes to

daughter cells during Anaphase and Telophase.

Centrioles

A barrier around the cell that allows only certain molecules in or out of the cell. It

is composed of phospholipids with protein molecules embedded within.

plasma membrane

By definition, an organ system is an organ or group of organs that are

comprised of specific tissue types. These tissues are usually coordinated so that they can perform specific functions for the whole animal. Specific tissue types can be created by cells that produce the

same proteins and perform the same functions. (muscle cells have special proteins and nerve cells have special

lipids, both cell types have specific and different functions)

Our bodies are composed of four general types of

tissues, they are: Epithelial tissues, Connective tissues, Nerve tissue and Muscle tissue.

There are three general types of this tissue and they may be found in the gut, circulatory system and attached to the skeletal system.

Muscle tissues (smooth, cardiac and skeletal

muscle).

These tissues are those that cover the surfaces and linings of organ systems (like

the skin surface, stratified squamous

epithelium).

Epithelial tissues

Can give structure to the body by serving to attach or support tissues (may be referred to as support tissues in some texts). These include bone and

cartilage and loose tissue such as blood cells, fat cells, and loose fiberous

tissue.

Connective tissue

Found through out the body and allow for

communication between tissues of the body

Nerve tissues

Name this Organelle!

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Name these Systems’ Functions!

• Muscloskeletal or Skeleton and Muscles

• Skin • Digestive system• Respiratory system • Excretory system

Name these Systems’ Functions!

• Circulatory system • Immune system • Nervous system• Endocrine system• Reproductive system