the monroe doctrine designed to prevent foreign involvement in weakened spanish western hemisphere...
TRANSCRIPT
The Monroe DoctrineDesigned to prevent
foreign involvement in weakened Spanish western hemisphere
Written and negotiated by Adams
States that this hemisphere is off-limits to foreign intrusions
Supported by Britain (why?)
New Democracy, JQA, Jackson, & Van Buren
I can account for the democratization of American politics in the early 19th century.
I can explain the rising sectionalism in the early 19th century.
I can evaluate the presidency of Andrew Jackson.
The New Democracy
Effects of the “New Democracy”New style of politician: More focused on “people” Less elite and less traditional
More policies that favor the South and the West: infrastructure
Indian removal
The Election of 1824Candidates
John Quincy Adams
Henry Clay
Andrew Jackson
William Crawford
Jackson wins the most popular votes (43% and electoral votes (38%); House will decide the winner
The Election in the House of Representatives of 1825
“The Corrupt Bargain”Three days before the House vote, JQA and Clay
meet; Clay then endorses Adams for president
Clay then becomes Secretary of State, “corrupt bargain” alleged; Jackson vows to overturn political system
The Adams AdministrationProblems as president:
Lacked political skills
Last of the aristocratic, elite presidents
Unproductive, constantly opposed by Jackson’s supporters in the Congress
Never accepted by many Americans as president
The Adams Administration1828 Tariff (“Tariff of Abominations”): raised
tariff on many items bought by southerners
Opposed by VP John C. Calhoun of S. Carolina
The “Common Man’s”Presidential CandidateThe “Common Man’s”Presidential Candidate
Background of Jackson
War HeroCreek Wars (1813 -1814)Battle of New Orleans (1815)
Seminole Wars (1818 -1819)Champion of “the People”
Congressman, Senator, and Governor of Tennessee
Self-Made Millionaire
The Election of 1828Rematch between Adams and Jackson
One of the dirtiest elections in history
The “Coffin Handbill”: accuses Jackson of committing murder during the War of 1812; also accuses him of murder during the acquisition of Florida
The Election of 1828Accusations against Rachel Jackson of bigamy; true or not?
Jackson never forgives Clay or Adams for not stopping attacks on his wife; her death impacts the way he governs as president
The Election of 1828
White House Inauguration, March, 1829
Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the “Common Man”in the “Common Man”
Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the “Common Man”in the “Common Man”
3 Intense distrust of EasternIntense distrust of Eastern“establishment,” “establishment,” monopolies, & special monopolies, & special privilege.privilege.
3 His heart & soul was with His heart & soul was with the “plain folk.”the “plain folk.”
3 Belief that the common man Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon was capable of uncommon achievements.achievements.
Jackson as President
Governs with emotion; often let passion get in the way of reason
Loved by most, hated by many
Nationalist, opposed sectionalism
Expansive use of presidential power
Made the presidency the center of government
Political Innovations
• The use of the veto: use for other than “constitutional” reasons
• The spoils system: rotating govt. jobs among supporters
• The “Kitchen Cabinet”: group of “advisors”, mostly wartime friends and Tennessee cronies
Jackson’s Use of Jackson’s Use of Federal PowerFederal Power
Jackson’s Use of Jackson’s Use of Federal PowerFederal Power
VETOVETO
1830 1830 Maysville RoadMaysville Road projectproject in KY [state of his in KY [state of his political rival, Henry political rival, Henry Clay] Clay]
The “Peggy Eaton Affair”The “Peggy Eaton Affair”The “Peggy Eaton Affair”The “Peggy Eaton Affair”
Wife of Cabinet member John Eaton; supposed scandalous past led to gossip among wives of other Cabinet members
Fallout From the “Peggy Eaton Affair”
Jackson demands apologies from Cabinet; all resign except Martin Van Buren
Calhoun resigns as VP,
returns as SC Senator
Eatons leave Washington
The Nullification Crisis of 1832Causes:
The “Tariff of Abominations”
Growing Sectionalism between North and South
Political conflicts between Jackson and Calhoun
The Compromise Tariff of 1833Possible military action against
South Carolina
Compromise tariff passed by Henry Clay
Conflict avoided; impact upon 1832 election
1832 Election
• Clay vs. Jackson
• Rise of third parties:
the Anti-Masonic Party
Innovations:
the platform
the convention method of nominating candidates
William Wirt
1832 Election Results1832 Election Results1832 Election Results1832 Election Results
Main Issues:Tariff and“King Andrew”
An 1832 An 1832 CartoonCartoon
““KingKingAndrewAndrew
””
An 1832 An 1832 CartoonCartoon
““KingKingAndrewAndrew
””