Slide 1

The Military Training Session 06.03.2014

Slide 2

Roadmap Things to bear in mind Purposes and Procedures Chain of Command(US) Balance in society(individuals interests vs state interests) Structures Relationships Incentives Drafting/Conscription

Slide 3

Things to bear in mind about debates focused around The Military Liberal bias of debating world does not always apply(not directly) You will have to argue for restrictions of freedom of opinion/speech/information(all for the greater good ofc) Military motions are example heavy Useful to know names of leaders Useful to know cases of invasions/successes/failures of particular types of military action Most of them are linked to IR, so keeping up to date is important (otherwise you cant really name incentive structures/power relations between the actors) This presentation will mostly focus on the US military

Slide 4

Purposes and Procedures Purposes: National/Regional Security International Security(?) Domestic service and training(?) Intel gathering Stability(transition cases etc.)

Slide 5

Purposes and Procedures Procedures: Boot Camp-good to characterise soldier mentality Power School(military engineers) Specialized academies Draft/Conscription International recruitment

Slide 6

Chain of Command(1) Chief in Command(Obama) Secretary of Defense(Ashton Carter) Armed Forces Divisions Army Navy Airforce Marine Coastguard Individual generals within those divisions

Slide 7

Chain of Command(2) General Liutenant General Major General Brigardier Colonel Captain Officer Cadet Seargant Corporal (these two are supposed to be to the right, but ppt hates me) Private

Slide 8

Chain of Command(3) Something you can use in debates! What are the benefits/flaws of the hierarchy structure?(Discuss) Think about this with the objectives of the military in mind(also do this in debates, to explain why hierarchy has to be there/not) Freedom of expression of the individual. Does it matter here or is it bad?(e.g. War crimes)

Slide 9

Balance in society The Military Nondemocratic entity-in a democratic society(Problem or necessary?) A powerful pressure group(this + lack of transparence screws up democratic representation) Need to balance the interests vs welfare of the state Balance public information vs secrecy

Slide 10

Power Structures Affect the way The Army Operates Internal relationships How does the hierarchy structure affect the operation of the army? How is it meant to operate(not on liberalism, but on efficiency) External relationships Military vs society/gov/media/individual citizens Not based on transparency, but on national security interests

Slide 11

Incentive Structures Affect the way The Army Operates Internal considerations Incentive structure looking up/down the chain(e.g. Exposing rape in the military) External considerations Incentive structure in relation to the external dimension of the military(government, media) (e.g. Exposing rape in the military)

Slide 12

Both types of structures Affect functionality of the army Also affect the freedoms/rights of individuals That are part of the army General public So a trade-off is needed, the debates are usually set around where the line should be drawn

Slide 13

Case: Chelsea Manning (former Bradley Manning) Former US Army Intelligence Analyst Leaked classified information US embassy in Reykjavik (Reykjavik13) Baghdad Airstrike-helicopter shooting at civilians Afghan War Logs Iraq War Logs Diplomatic cables Guantanamo Bay files Granai Strike-Afghanistan(lots of civilians killed) Sentenced to 35 years of imprisonment The Military something is sometimes bad and classified information can sometimes hide it(should we have more scrutiny about what the army does?)

Slide 14

Conscription and Drafting Drafting and Conscription are different In general drafts are in cases of war, conscription is a national policy Basically if at some point there are not enough volunteers(people choosing to work in the army) some people from the population will be drafted, untill that number is reached Generally gender-biased Also note that modern forms of conscription are not military in the full sense of the word(i.e. You learn how to shoot but never actually enter combat)

Slide 15

Conscription and Drafting Principles to consider National security vs. Individual Rights Patriotism/Nationalism vs Personal views Transferable skills? State property/autonomy Economics(e.g. costs of not having trained people in case of conflict) Military effectiveness Alternative measures(PMCs, NATO/EU army) Soo..should we have conscription? What should the criteria of recruitment be?

Slide 16

Next time(s)! Private Military Contractors Cyber Warfare Terrorism Interventions Arms industry/funding