the jefferson era chapter 8. jefferson becomes president election was between john adams and thomas...
TRANSCRIPT
The Jefferson Era
Chapter 8
Jefferson Becomes President
• Election was between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson
• They were tied at 73 electoral votes each
• House broke the tie by selecting Jefferson
Jefferson’s Policies
• What was Federal City like in Jefferson’s time?• Read page 268 – 269 to reading check• What were Jefferson’s policies?– Allowed the hated Alien and Sedition Acts to
expire– Lowered military spending– Got rid of domestic taxes
• http://youtu.be/uAt1YLP3T34
Jefferson’s Beliefs
• Believed main functions of the federal government included– Protecting the nation from foreign threats– Delivering mail– Collecting customs duties
• Kept some Federalist ideas such as the Bank of the United States
Marbury v. Madison• Read Supreme Court Decisions page 269.
The Louisiana Purchase
Problem!
If France controlled Louisiana, the westward expansion of the United States
could be blocked!
Solution
Buy the city of New Orleans!Jefferson sends James Monroe and Robert
Livingston to try to buy New Orleans
Napoleon and Louisiana
• Napoleon was a powerful leader who had conquered most of Europe
• He wished to rebuild France’s empire in North America
Strategy
• Napoleon wanted to use the French colony of Haiti, in the Caribbean, as a supply base
• Rebellion in Haiti ended Napoleon’s dreams in 1802
The Offer
Buy the entire Louisiana TerritoryThis way Napoleon could finance
his war in EuropePrice: 15 million
What we get…
• Nearly double the size of the United States at that time
• Control of the Mississippi River and the port at New Orleans = control trade up and down the river!
Jefferson’s Dilemma
The Constitution did not state that the President had the power to buy land
from a foreign country.
Jefferson decides
Since the Constitution did give the President the power to MAKE
TREATIES, he did just that!
The Coming of War
• Section 3 study guide
The War of 1812
• James Madison is elected president in 1808– Felt growing pressure from the War Hawks– Decided Congress must vote on war in 1812
• Congress voted and the War Hawk won– Congress declared war for the first time in our
Nation’s history• Madison is reelected in 1812• Would serve as Commander in Chief during
the War of 1812
War of 1812
War at Sea
• Britain has about 1000 ships scattered around the globe
• American’s had less than 20– We had well trained
sailors– U.S.S. Constitution– https://
youtu.be/CK8I0UMEzas
Battles Along the Canadian Border
• American leaders wanted to invade Canada
• Attacks in 1812 failed• Oliver Hazard Perry won naval
Battle of Lake Erie in 1813• American control of Lake Erie
was established• British were driven out of the
Northwest in 1813
The Creek War
• War erupted in the South with Native Americans– Angry over settlers pushing into their land
• Creeks attacked Fort Mims in Alabama• Andrew Jackson, leading 2000 volunteers, defeated
the Creeks at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in Alabama, 1814
• Treaty of Fort Jackson ended the war in 1814 and forced the Creeks to give up millions of acres of their land
• https://youtu.be/QSshJelzNeY
British Attacks in the East
• British attacked Washington D.C. in 1814• Set fire to the White House, Capitol, and other
buildings• British shelled Fort McHenry at Baltimore,
Maryland• Americans refused to surrender, and British
retreated
Battle of New Orleans
• British hoped to capture New Orleans and control the city
• Andrew Jackson commanded U.S. troops which included regular soldiers, free African Americans, Choctaws, state militia, and pirates
• 5,300 British against 4,500 Americans• https://youtu.be/50_iRIcxsz0
Battle of New Orleans
• British were caught in an open field
• More than 2,000 British casualties• American victory at the Battle of
New Orleans made Jackson a hero and was the last major conflict of the war
Effects of the War
