Jefferson easily retained the presidency in 1804 162 electoral votes to 14 by Charles Cotesworth

Pinckney Second term not easy

escalating tensions between United States and France and Britain

At war with each other, F and GB warned US not to ship arms to the other

Britain acts in 1806 Stops U.S. ships to inspect cargoes and seizing

suspected deserters from the British navy along with many Americans

In June 1807American ship Chesapeake harboring some British

deserters ordered to stop by British

frigate Leopard Chesapeake refused

Leopard opened fire killing three Americans

right at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay well within U.S. territory  

Congress passed Embargo Act of 1807 bans all importation of British goods into the country

Act of 1807 was a disaster In New England heart of the shipping industry

unemployment rose Grain plummeted in value river traffic halted tobacco rotted in the South, and cotton went unpicked. Protest petitions flooded Washington

Federalist Party, fading away after its weak showing in the election of 1804, began to revive.

mid-1808, Jefferson indicated that he would not run for a third term.

James Madison elected Madison continued Jefferson's policy of economic pressure

on Britain and France with a modified embargo  Impressments and other problems continue - leads to war

I will hand Portfolio II back todayPortfolio III due in no Later than

5:00 pm May 13th in my officeCan be handed in before that datePapers are about 3rd in the grading

pile at the moment

Balitmore Land and Sea Land attack repulsed

Ross killed Fort McHenry Massive bombardment Francis Scott Key

The Hartford Convention New England congressmen had voted against

going to war British continue to trade with New England

Federalists called Hartford Convention, 1814 Federalist New England secession

Hartford Convention demands drowned out by end of war and New Orleans victory

New Orleans

Jefferson New Orleans America “Achilles heel” 40% American trade

Andrew Jackson Peace declared Dec 24 1814 Battle new Orleans Jan 8

Independence began July 4th 1776 completed Jan 8th 1815

Conclusion Jefferson’s yeoman farmer dream

shattered Republican congress - headed

towards a market society and capitalist democracy

Young country confident and forward looking But with problems…

The Transportation Revolution After 1815: dramatic improvements in

transportation: Roads Steamboats Canals Railroads

Tied communities together Made a market society physically

possible

Improvements: Canals and Railroads Erie Canal

Hudson River – Lake Erie Completed 1825 Model for canal boom across country

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad New York Central 1820 – 40, 3000 miles 1840 – 60, 57,000 miles

Robert Fulton’s Clermont plies the Hudson River

The Brooklyn ferry, 1839

Erie Canal at Lockport, New York

The Mohawk and Hudson Railroad’s DeWitt Clinton began service in 1831

Railroads in the United States, 1840 and 1860

Time and Money

Freight costs went down1815 -60 95% drop

Speeds improved Market revolution Foreign trade continued to expand Growing internal domestic market

Time required to travel from New York City, 1800 and 1830

Immigration

From one boat to many

Post revolutionary war immigration had slowed to a trickle

But as the new century began the immigration rocketed

U.S. population and territory, 1790-1840

1790: pop. 3.9 million, in 13 states 1800: pop. 5.3 m. 16 states 1810: 7.2 m. 17 1820: 9.6 m. 23 1830: 12.9 m. 24 1840: 17.1 m. 26 land area (sq. mi.): 1790 0.86; 1840 1.75

One immigrant who came across

Was Samuel Slater Arrived in 1789 Tied together new population

and new technology Known by Andrew Jackson

as “Father of American

Manufactures” In my home town as “Slater

the traitor”