the family in the ottoman society

8/6/2019 The Family in the Ottoman Society

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The Family In The OttomanSociety

yName Of The Book: Osmanl ToplumundaAile

yThe Writer: Ilber Ortayl

yStudent Name: Bayram Arslanolu

yDepartment: Management

yNumber: 02020753


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Ottoman Familys Social Framey In Ottoman Society, differences are geographical

further than religious.

y The places the Ottoman Family lives in are called as :mahalle

y People in mahalle are vouched to each other.

y Families in Ottoman Society were living as 3

generations together in detached houses with courtyard. And each Ottoman house was calling as Hane.


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Nuclear Familys Status

y In daily life and production process, Ottoman Family livesas a large family, more than a nuclear family.

y Generally Ottoman Houses (hane) are available for living ofthree generations together.

y Living together is very important to transfer culturalheritage to next generations.

y Education of children is fulfilling firstly by grandmothers

and mothers.y In XIV. Century, 27 % of families were childless, 20 % of

them were having only child, 18 % of them were having twochildren and rest of them were having more than twochildren.


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The Nation System As A Religious Belonging

Environment

The Nation System As A Religious Belonging

Environment

y Ottoman Empire was a Muslim state. But on the other hand

it was included tens of ethnic and religious groups.y The word nation actually expresses a religious belonging in

Ottoman Society.

y Generally non-Muslims were using their religions law in

inheritance cases.y Ottoman social structure has given chance to other religions

and ethnic groups to protect their own cultural and socialcharacteristics.


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The Familys Physical Environment:

Mahalley The mahalle is a cultural unit.

y It is formed with people in same religion, in same

community, and relative families.y There is no class differences between the people

in the mahalle.

y Till the early 19 th century, the imam was

responsible from the heading of the mahalle.y Births, deaths, and marriages, were events that all

people participate in and deal with solidarity.


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Ottoman Dynasty:

Hanedan- Al Osman

y Ottomans did not make a kinship tie with otherMuslim dynasties, after 16 th century.

y Sultans wives could not carry the title sultanunless they become a sultans mother.

yA rule that the dynasty was obeying was; dynastymembers were have to have a craft.

y The Sultan is father of his sons and daughters,husband of his wife, head of his family. But firstof all sultan is the head of the empire and thekhalifa of the Muslim world.


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Marriagey Opposite to most of the peoples thinking,

polygamy is not so popular in theOttomanSociety.

y In Istanbul, in 1885, the rate of polygamy waschanging between 2.51 and 2.16.

y InOttoman Society, intermarriage was so rarely.

yNon-Muslim and Muslim Communities weretrying to avoid these marriages.

yWomen had the right of divorcing in theOttomanSociety.


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THE FAMILYS DAILY LIFEy Ottoman families, show the characteristics of the

nuclear family about number of children.

y In the middle part of the Anatolia the average numberof children is 2,32 in 18 th century.

y Education was considered important by all religionsmembers.

y Till the Tanzimat period, all communities were

giving first education to their children themselves.y In the classical period children were under the

inspection of the mahalle and the family. If theymake any mistake, members of the mahalle have theright to warn them as well as their father and mother.


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E c ti Of Chil r Its

Ch gi gy In Tanzimat Period, higher education has changed

easily but first educational institutions could not bechanged easily.

y In 19 th century Turkish Language lesson has beencompulsory in non-Muslims schools.

y Galatasaray, Darussafaka appeared. In these schoolsstudents learnt foreign languages very well.

y Ottoman people understood the importance of theeducation in the new world, this problem argued by

all Turkish intellectuels and they started to work onnewspapers, magazines and books to improvechildrens educational quality.

y In Tanzimat Period, higher education has changedeasily but first educational institutions could not bechanged easily.

y In 19 th century Turkish Language lesson has beencompulsory in non-Muslims schools.

y Galatasaray, Darussafaka appeared. In these schoolsstudents learnt foreign languages very well.

y Ottoman people understood the importance of theeducation in the new world, this problem argued by

all Turkish intellectuels and they started to work onnewspapers, magazines and books to improvechildrens educational quality.


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Woman nd an In Th Social

Environmenty Unity of women and men was not a characteristic

of theOttoman Society.

y

This condition interestingly is continuing even intodays society.

y This condition was same for nearly for allMediterranean countries. It was not changing forMuslim, Jew or Christian people.

y For example when we look at the old Italy History,we see that girls only can get out on Sundays forpraying. In other days they have to spend theirtime in their home.


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CONCLUSIONy In essence, classical societys characteristics, like;

hane, neighborhood, mahalle are going to be

disappeared. These terms are losing their meanings.y For example tendency to nuclear family is increasing,

and people are endeavoring in order not to livetogether as two generations.

y

The small problems of a big family are going tobecome giant problems in nuclear families.

y So, traditional models of families (those threegenerations live together) have to be thought again.


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QUESTIONS

the family in the ottoman society

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