THE CLINTON THE CLINTON PRESIDENCYPRESIDENCY

AMERICA IN THE 1990’s & THE 2000 ELECTION AMERICA IN THE 1990’s & THE 2000 ELECTION

CHAPTER 34, SECTION 1CHAPTER 34, SECTION 1

SECTION 1 QUIZSECTION 1 QUIZ► BILL CLINTON WAS GOVERNOR OF WHAT STATE BILL CLINTON WAS GOVERNOR OF WHAT STATE

BEFORE HE WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT?BEFORE HE WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT?► CLINTON’S WIFE WAS / IS NAMED…CLINTON’S WIFE WAS / IS NAMED…► IN 1993, TERRORISTS EXPLODED BOMBS AT WHAT IN 1993, TERRORISTS EXPLODED BOMBS AT WHAT

FAMOUS NEW YORK CITY BUILDING?FAMOUS NEW YORK CITY BUILDING?► IN 1995, A FEDERAL GOV’T. BUILDING IN WHAT IN 1995, A FEDERAL GOV’T. BUILDING IN WHAT

MIDWESTERN CITY WAS DESTROYED IN A MIDWESTERN CITY WAS DESTROYED IN A TERRORIST EXPLOSION?TERRORIST EXPLOSION?

► N.A.F.T.A. IS AN ACRONYM FOR…N.A.F.T.A. IS AN ACRONYM FOR…► IN 1991, WHAT EUROPEAN NATION BROKE INTO IN 1991, WHAT EUROPEAN NATION BROKE INTO

CIVIL WAR CHARACTERIZED BY WIDESPREAD CIVIL WAR CHARACTERIZED BY WIDESPREAD ETHNIC VIOLENCE?ETHNIC VIOLENCE?

► WHO WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT IN 1996?WHO WAS ELECTED PRESIDENT IN 1996?► IN 1998 WHAT DID THE HOUSE OF IN 1998 WHAT DID THE HOUSE OF

REPRESENTATIVES DO TO PRES. CLINTON?REPRESENTATIVES DO TO PRES. CLINTON?► WHO WAS THE DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL WHO WAS THE DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENTIAL

NOMINEE FOR THE 2000 ELECTION?NOMINEE FOR THE 2000 ELECTION?► WHO WON THE 2000 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION?WHO WON THE 2000 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION?

IMPORTANT TERMSIMPORTANT TERMS

►BILL CLINTONBILL CLINTON►HILLARY RODHAM CLINTONHILLARY RODHAM CLINTON►NAFTANAFTA►NEWT GINGRICHNEWT GINGRICH►CONTRACT WITH AMERICACONTRACT WITH AMERICA►KENNETH STARRKENNETH STARR►AL GOREAL GORE►GEORGE W. BUSHGEORGE W. BUSH

IMPORTANT DATESIMPORTANT DATES

►1992: BILL CLINTON ELECTED PRESIDENT1992: BILL CLINTON ELECTED PRESIDENT►1993: 11993: 1STST WORLD TRADE CENTER WORLD TRADE CENTER

ATTACKATTACK►1995: OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING1995: OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING►1996: BILL CLINTON RE-ELECTED1996: BILL CLINTON RE-ELECTED►1998: CLINTON IMPEACHED1998: CLINTON IMPEACHED►1999: COLUMBINE H.S. SHOOTINGS 1999: COLUMBINE H.S. SHOOTINGS ►2000: GEORGE W. BUSH ELECTED 2000: GEORGE W. BUSH ELECTED PRESIDENTPRESIDENT

THE 1992 ELECTIONTHE 1992 ELECTION► CANDIDATES:CANDIDATES:

REPUBLICAN: PRES. GEORGE H.W. BUSHREPUBLICAN: PRES. GEORGE H.W. BUSH DEMOCRATIC: GOV. BILL CLINTON (AK)DEMOCRATIC: GOV. BILL CLINTON (AK) INDEPENDENT: H. ROSS PEROTINDEPENDENT: H. ROSS PEROT

► MAJOR CAMPAIGN ISSUES:MAJOR CAMPAIGN ISSUES: 1991 ECONOMIC RECESSION1991 ECONOMIC RECESSION BUSH’s PROMISE NOT TO RAISE TAXES:BUSH’s PROMISE NOT TO RAISE TAXES:

► ““READ MY LIPS…READ MY LIPS…NO NEW TAXESNO NEW TAXES!”!”► BUSH THEN WENT BACK ON PROMISE

CLINTON’s PERSONAL HISTORY:► AVOIDED VIETNAM DRAFT► EXTRAMARITAL AFFAIRS

KEY DECIDING FACTOR: ROSS PEROT CAMPAIGN TAKES MANY VOTERS AWAY FROM REPUBLICAN SUPPORT

► RESULT: ECONOMIC ISSUE SEEMS TO BE MOST IMPORTANT TO VOTERS CLINTON WINS ELECTION

► ELECTION RESULTS: POPULAR VOTE CLINTON: 43% BUSH: 38% PEROT%

BILL BILL ANDHILLARANDHILLARY CLINTON, Y CLINTON,

19751975

BILL CLINTON’s IMAGEBILL CLINTON’s IMAGE

H. ROSS PEROTH. ROSS PEROT

1992 ELECTION RESULTS1992 ELECTION RESULTS

CLINTON ON CLINTON ON THE ARSENIO HALLTHE ARSENIO HALL SHOWSHOW

CLINTON INNAUGURATION, 1993CLINTON INNAUGURATION, 1993

EARLY ADMINISTRATION ISSUESEARLY ADMINISTRATION ISSUES► CLINTON SAYS HE’S WILLING TO USE BOTH LIBERAL CLINTON SAYS HE’S WILLING TO USE BOTH LIBERAL

& CONSERVATIVE IDEAS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS& CONSERVATIVE IDEAS TO SOLVE PROBLEMS► KEY ISSUES FACING U.S.:KEY ISSUES FACING U.S.:

THE ECONOMYTHE ECONOMY HEALTH CAREHEALTH CARE WELFAREWELFARE CRIMECRIME

► HEALTH CARE:HEALTH CARE: CLINTON’s WIFE – HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON APPOINTED CLINTON’s WIFE – HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON APPOINTED

TO HEAD HEALTH CARE REFORM LEGISLATIONTO HEAD HEALTH CARE REFORM LEGISLATION RESULT? REPUBLICANS & DEMOCRATS CAN’T RESULT? REPUBLICANS & DEMOCRATS CAN’T

COMPROMISECOMPROMISE HEALTH CARE REFORM FAILSHEALTH CARE REFORM FAILS

► WELFARE: CHANGES MADE – EXAMPLES?WELFARE: CHANGES MADE – EXAMPLES? LENGTH OF BENEFITS LIMITEDLENGTH OF BENEFITS LIMITED INDIVIDUAL U.S. STATES GIVEN $ TO SPEND ON WELFAREINDIVIDUAL U.S. STATES GIVEN $ TO SPEND ON WELFARE

EARLY ADMINISTRATION ISSUESEARLY ADMINISTRATION ISSUES

► BALANCING THE BUDGET / FIXING THE BALANCING THE BUDGET / FIXING THE ECONOMYECONOMY

► CLINTON & REPUBLICANS AGAIN COMPROMISE CLINTON & REPUBLICANS AGAIN COMPROMISE & WORK TO SOLVE PROBLEMS – EXAMPLES?& WORK TO SOLVE PROBLEMS – EXAMPLES? FEDERAL BUDGET BALANCED – HOW?FEDERAL BUDGET BALANCED – HOW?

►FEDERAL SPENDING CUT BY BILLIONS OF $FEDERAL SPENDING CUT BY BILLIONS OF $►TAXES LOWERED (REPUBLICANS)TAXES LOWERED (REPUBLICANS)►PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN & HEALTH CARE (DEMOCRATS)PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN & HEALTH CARE (DEMOCRATS)

ECONOMIC RECOVERY BEGINSECONOMIC RECOVERY BEGINS►STOCK MARKET SOAREDSTOCK MARKET SOARED►UNEMPLOYMENT DECLINESUNEMPLOYMENT DECLINES►FEDERAL TAX INCOME INCREASESFEDERAL TAX INCOME INCREASES►SO…GOV’T. GAINS INCOMESO…GOV’T. GAINS INCOME

DOMESTIC TERRORISM DOMESTIC TERRORISM INCREASESINCREASES

►WHO? VARIOUS INTERNAL & WHO? VARIOUS INTERNAL & INTERNATIONAL GROUPSINTERNATIONAL GROUPS

►WHERE / WHEN?WHERE / WHEN? 1993: NYC WORLD TRADE CENTER 1993: NYC WORLD TRADE CENTER

BOMBINGSBOMBINGS 1995: OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING1995: OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING 1999: COLUMBINE, COLORADO H.S. 1999: COLUMBINE, COLORADO H.S.

SHOOTINGSSHOOTINGS

OMAR ABDEL-OMAR ABDEL-RAHMAN,RAHMAN,

“THE BLIND SHEIKH”“THE BLIND SHEIKH”

► AL-QUEDA TERRORISTSAL-QUEDA TERRORISTS

1993 WTC BOMBING TERRORISTS1993 WTC BOMBING TERRORISTS

► ALFRED P. MURRAHALFRED P. MURRAH

BLDG., OKLAHOMA CITY,BLDG., OKLAHOMA CITY,

BEFORE 1995 BOMBINGBEFORE 1995 BOMBING

►MurrahMurrah

Federal Bldg.,Federal Bldg.,

Oklahoma CityOklahoma City

After bombingAfter bombing

Timothy Timothy McVeighMcVeigh

Timothy McVeigh, U.S. Army, Timothy McVeigh, U.S. Army, 19911991

COLUMBINE H.S., LITTLETON, COLUMBINE H.S., LITTLETON, COLO.COLO.

ERIC HARRISERIC HARRIS DYLAN DYLAN KLEBOLDKLEBOLD

COLUMBINE H.S. SHOOTING COLUMBINE H.S. SHOOTING VICTIMSVICTIMS

Columbine Massacre Memorial, Littleton, Columbine Massacre Memorial, Littleton, ColoradoColorado

FOREIGN POLICY PROBLEMSFOREIGN POLICY PROBLEMS► FALL OF EUROPEAN COMMUNISM CREATES FALL OF EUROPEAN COMMUNISM CREATES

NEW PROBLEMS:NEW PROBLEMS: SECURITY OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN FORMER SECURITY OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN FORMER

SOVIET-CONTROLLED AREASSOVIET-CONTROLLED AREAS ETHNIC TENSION / VIOLENCE SURFACING IN ETHNIC TENSION / VIOLENCE SURFACING IN

FORMER COMMUNIST NATIONSFORMER COMMUNIST NATIONS EXAMPLE? YUGOSLAVIAEXAMPLE? YUGOSLAVIA WHAT HAPPENED?WHAT HAPPENED?

►1991-YUGOSLAVIA ENDS COMMUNIST GOV’T.1991-YUGOSLAVIA ENDS COMMUNIST GOV’T.►YUGOSLAVIA BREAKS INTO SMALLER NATIONS (BOSNIA, YUGOSLAVIA BREAKS INTO SMALLER NATIONS (BOSNIA,

SERBIA, KOSOVO, etc.)SERBIA, KOSOVO, etc.)►OLD ETHNIC / RELIGIOUS TESNION & HATRED OLD ETHNIC / RELIGIOUS TESNION & HATRED

SURFACES SURFACES ►BRUTAL CIVIL WAR BEGINSBRUTAL CIVIL WAR BEGINS►““ETHNIC CLEANSING” USED BY SERBS TO GAIN ETHNIC CLEANSING” USED BY SERBS TO GAIN

CONTROL OF TERRITORY (MASS KILLINGS, PILLAGE, CONTROL OF TERRITORY (MASS KILLINGS, PILLAGE, RAPE)RAPE)

►1999: U.S. & NATO FORCES SENT TO YUGOSLAVIA TO 1999: U.S. & NATO FORCES SENT TO YUGOSLAVIA TO KEEP PEACEKEEP PEACE

►FORMERFORMER

YUGOSLAVIAYUGOSLAVIA

►THE FALL OFTHE FALL OF

YUGOSLAVIAYUGOSLAVIA

INTERNATIONAL TRADEINTERNATIONAL TRADE► BIRTH OF THE INTERNET MAKES BUSINESS EASIER / BIRTH OF THE INTERNET MAKES BUSINESS EASIER /

FASTERFASTER► SO…INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS INCREASESSO…INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS INCREASES► EXAMPLE? N.A.F.T.A.EXAMPLE? N.A.F.T.A.

CLINTON WANTED TO GET TREATY PASSED (ORIGINALLY CLINTON WANTED TO GET TREATY PASSED (ORIGINALLY CREATED BY GEORGE BUSH, Sr.)CREATED BY GEORGE BUSH, Sr.)

DID WHAT? DID WHAT? ► ESTABLISHED A FREE-TRADE ZONE BETWEEN CANADA, U.S., ESTABLISHED A FREE-TRADE ZONE BETWEEN CANADA, U.S.,

MEXICOMEXICO► WHY? TO MAKE BUSINESS CONTACT, TRAVEL EASIERWHY? TO MAKE BUSINESS CONTACT, TRAVEL EASIER

SUPPORTERS: STRENGTHEN ECONOMIES IN ALL 3 NATIONSSUPPORTERS: STRENGTHEN ECONOMIES IN ALL 3 NATIONS OPPONENTS: OPPONENTS:

► U.S. COMPANIES WOULD RELOCATE TO MEXICO FOR LOWER U.S. COMPANIES WOULD RELOCATE TO MEXICO FOR LOWER WAGE EMPLOYEESWAGE EMPLOYEES

► U.S. UNEMPLOYMENT WOULD INCREASEU.S. UNEMPLOYMENT WOULD INCREASE► U.S. BORDER SECURITY / CONTROL WILL DISAPPEARU.S. BORDER SECURITY / CONTROL WILL DISAPPEAR► CRIME / TERRORISM / ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION WILL INCREASECRIME / TERRORISM / ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION WILL INCREASE

► RESULT? 1993: NAFTA PASSES CONGRESS RESULT? 1993: NAFTA PASSES CONGRESS

►NORTH AMERICANNORTH AMERICAN

FREE TRADE FREE TRADE

AGREEMENTAGREEMENT

►N.A.F.T.A.N.A.F.T.A.

“ “SUPER-SUPER-

HIGHWAY”HIGHWAY”

►PRIMARY PRIMARY

NAFTA TRADENAFTA TRADE

ROUTESROUTES

POLITICAL RIVALRY & SCANDALPOLITICAL RIVALRY & SCANDAL► CLINTON & REPUBLICAN-CONTROLLED CONGRESS HAD CLINTON & REPUBLICAN-CONTROLLED CONGRESS HAD

COOPERATED TOGETHER ON CREATING COOPERATED TOGETHER ON CREATING SOMESOME NEW NEW LAWSLAWS EXAMPLE: NAFTAEXAMPLE: NAFTA

► PROBLEM: PROBLEM: 1994: FAILURE OF CLINTON’s HEALTH CARE PLAN DAMAGED 1994: FAILURE OF CLINTON’s HEALTH CARE PLAN DAMAGED

HIS APPROVAL RATINGHIS APPROVAL RATING APPROVAL RATING: 42%APPROVAL RATING: 42%

► SO…SOME REPUBLICANS USE THIS AS OPPORTUNITY SO…SOME REPUBLICANS USE THIS AS OPPORTUNITY TO INCREASE PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR REPUBLICAN PARTYTO INCREASE PUBLIC SUPPORT FOR REPUBLICAN PARTY

► EXAMPLE: EXAMPLE: REP. NEWT GINGRICH, R., GEORGIAREP. NEWT GINGRICH, R., GEORGIA CREATES DOCUMENT CALLED CREATES DOCUMENT CALLED “CONTRACT WITH“CONTRACT WITH AMERICA”AMERICA” DID WHAT?DID WHAT?

► PROMISES MADE TO PUBLIC PROMISES MADE TO PUBLIC IF THE REPUBLICANS WIN IF THE REPUBLICANS WIN CONTROL OF CONGRESS CONTROL OF CONGRESS

► TRANSLATION: VOTE FOR US, AND YOU’LL GET THISTRANSLATION: VOTE FOR US, AND YOU’LL GET THIS► PROMISES: TAX CUTS, TOUGHER CRIME LAWS, BALANCED BUDGETPROMISES: TAX CUTS, TOUGHER CRIME LAWS, BALANCED BUDGET

POLITICAL RIVALRY & SCANDALPOLITICAL RIVALRY & SCANDAL►RESULT: 1994 – REPUBLICANS WIN RESULT: 1994 – REPUBLICANS WIN

CONTROL OF BOTH HOUSES OF CONTROL OF BOTH HOUSES OF CONGRESSCONGRESS

►SO WHAT?SO WHAT? REPUBLICANS WILL BE ABLE TO CONTROL REPUBLICANS WILL BE ABLE TO CONTROL

LAWS CREATED LAWS CREATED CLINTON WILL HAVE MORE DIFFICULTY CLINTON WILL HAVE MORE DIFFICULTY

GETTING LAWS PASSEDGETTING LAWS PASSED►1996: CLINTON WINS RE-ELECTION1996: CLINTON WINS RE-ELECTION►SO WHAT?SO WHAT?

GOV’T. IS DIVIDED BETWEEN TWO MAJOR GOV’T. IS DIVIDED BETWEEN TWO MAJOR PARTIESPARTIES

RIVALRY INTENSIFIESRIVALRY INTENSIFIES

POLITICAL RIVALRY & SCANDALPOLITICAL RIVALRY & SCANDAL► WHITEWATER WHITEWATER SCANDAL:SCANDAL:

ACCUSATIONS THAT CLINTON & WIFE HAD BEEN INOLVED ACCUSATIONS THAT CLINTON & WIFE HAD BEEN INOLVED IN ILLEGAL REAL ESTATE DEALS WHILE IN AKRANSASIN ILLEGAL REAL ESTATE DEALS WHILE IN AKRANSAS

FEDERAL COURT ORDERS INVESTIGATIONFEDERAL COURT ORDERS INVESTIGATION KENNETH STARRKENNETH STARR IS LEAD INVESTIGATOR IS LEAD INVESTIGATOR SCANDAL LEADS TO REVELATION THAT CLINTON HAD SCANDAL LEADS TO REVELATION THAT CLINTON HAD

AFFAIR WITH WHITE HOUSE INTERNAFFAIR WITH WHITE HOUSE INTERN CLINTON LIED ABOUT AFFAIR DURING WHITEWATER CLINTON LIED ABOUT AFFAIR DURING WHITEWATER

INVESTIGATIONINVESTIGATION► RESULT? MONICA LEWINSKY SCANDALRESULT? MONICA LEWINSKY SCANDAL► MONICA LEWINSKYMONICA LEWINSKY WAS WHITE HOUSE INTERN WAS WHITE HOUSE INTERN

HAVING AFFAIR W/ CLINTONHAVING AFFAIR W/ CLINTON► FINAL RESULT? CLINTON IS IMPEACHED BY FINAL RESULT? CLINTON IS IMPEACHED BY

CONGRESS, BUT NOT CONVICTED OF HIGH CRIMES CONGRESS, BUT NOT CONVICTED OF HIGH CRIMES ► SO…CLINTON IS NOT REMOVED FROM PRESIDENCYSO…CLINTON IS NOT REMOVED FROM PRESIDENCY► BUT…HIS REPUTATION IS FURTHER DAMAGEDBUT…HIS REPUTATION IS FURTHER DAMAGED

►BILL CLINTON ANDBILL CLINTON AND

MONICA LEWINSKYMONICA LEWINSKY

►MONICA LEWINSKYMONICA LEWINSKY

CLINTON DENYING AFFAIR WITH MONICA CLINTON DENYING AFFAIR WITH MONICA LEWINSKYLEWINSKY

Washington Washington Post Post headlines headlines announcing announcing

Clinton’s Clinton’s Impeachment Impeachment by House of by House of

RepresentativRepresentativeses

2000 ELECTION2000 ELECTION► CANDIDATES:CANDIDATES:

DEMOCRATS: VP AL GOREDEMOCRATS: VP AL GORE REPUBLICANS: GOV. GEORGE W. BUSH, TXREPUBLICANS: GOV. GEORGE W. BUSH, TX GREEN PARTY: RALPH NADERGREEN PARTY: RALPH NADER REFORM PARTY: PAT BUCHANANREFORM PARTY: PAT BUCHANAN

► PROBLEMS FOR DEMOCRATS:PROBLEMS FOR DEMOCRATS: DAMAGE DONE BY CLINTON’S SCANDALSDAMAGE DONE BY CLINTON’S SCANDALS NADER PULLS VOTES AWAY FROM GORENADER PULLS VOTES AWAY FROM GORE VOTE COUNTING IN FLORIDA DISPUTEDVOTE COUNTING IN FLORIDA DISPUTED FLORIDA RE-COUNTFLORIDA RE-COUNT (See text for details) (See text for details)

► FINAL RESULT? BUSH WINS ELECTIONFINAL RESULT? BUSH WINS ELECTION

V.P. AL GORE,V.P. AL GORE,

DEMOCRATIC PARTYDEMOCRATIC PARTY

GOV. GEORGE W. BUSH,GOV. GEORGE W. BUSH,

REPUBLICAN PARTYREPUBLICAN PARTY

RALPH NADER,RALPH NADER,

GREEN PARTYGREEN PARTY

PATRICK BUCHANAN,PATRICK BUCHANAN,

REFORM PARTYREFORM PARTY

►PATRICK J.PATRICK J.

BUCHANANBUCHANAN

2000 ELECTION RESULTS2000 ELECTION RESULTS

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