Madison & Monroe’s Madison & Monroe’s Domestic Issues + Andrew Domestic Issues + Andrew Jackson’s Presidency (1829-Jackson’s Presidency (1829-1837) 1837)

That darn 1824 election!

Under Pres. Madison, Henry Clay’s “American Under Pres. Madison, Henry Clay’s “American System”System” House speaker Henry Clay tries to fix US economy: 1) Develop transportation & travel systems 2) Protective tariffs (on imports) 3) Continue national bank + unified currency North=favors plan, South=against plan, West=likes a few parts

of plan. Ultimately Congress & Monroe okay plan.

Under Pres. Monroe, Missouri Compromise, 1820-Under Pres. Monroe, Missouri Compromise, 1820-18211821 Missouri & Maine want to become states (free or slave states?) Monroe, a slave owner wants states to determine for themselves Missouri will be added as a slave state, Maine a free state.

– Keep balance in Senate! In future 36° 30’ lat. will divide free and slave territory

Results of Results of the the

1824 1824 ElectionElection

Results of Results of the the

1824 1824 ElectionElectionAA

“Corrupt “Corrupt Bargain?Bargain?

””

AA

“Corrupt “Corrupt Bargain?Bargain?

””

Electoral College Votes

needed to win: 131

1824 Election: Democratic- 1824 Election: Democratic-

Republican Party Splits! Republican Party Splits! No EC majority in 1824 electionNo EC majority in 1824 election House of Reps choose John Quincy Adams over A. JacksonHouse of Reps choose John Quincy Adams over A. Jackson

– Jacksonians accuse Adams of stealing the Jacksonians accuse Adams of stealing the presidency (a corrupt bargain?)presidency (a corrupt bargain?)

Adams appts. Henry Clay as Sec. of StateAdams appts. Henry Clay as Sec. of State

– Corrupt bargain for sure! – say JacksoniansCorrupt bargain for sure! – say Jacksonians Demo.-Repub. Party torn apartDemo.-Repub. Party torn apart

– Clay’s supporters = Nat’l Republican Party Clay’s supporters = Nat’l Republican Party Dem-Reps Dem-Reps Natl. Reps.(1828) Natl. Reps.(1828) Whigs Whigs

(1832) (1832) Republicans (1854) Republicans (1854)

– Jackson’s supporters = Democratic PartyJackson’s supporters = Democratic Party

1828 Election Results1828 Election Results1828 Election Results1828 Election Results

Jacksonian DemocracyJacksonian Democracy Believed common man capable of doing

exceptional things Spoils System: Jackson wins, gives jobs to

supporters

The Inaugural BallThe Inaugural BallThe Inaugural BallThe Inaugural Ball

Indian Removal Act (1830)Indian Removal Act (1830) Forced eviction of Nat. Amer’s. from Forced eviction of Nat. Amer’s. from

their areas of the SE (GA, MS, AL) their areas of the SE (GA, MS, AL) Cherokee Indians fought it in court.Cherokee Indians fought it in court.

– Worcester v. Georgia (Supreme Court)Worcester v. Georgia (Supreme Court)– Decision: Indians could Decision: Indians could notnot be removed.be removed.

Jackson ignored ruling.Jackson ignored ruling.

“(Sup. Court Justice) John Marshall has made his decision; now let him

enforce it!”

Trail of Tears (Page 125) About how many tribes were

forced onto the trail of tears? When & why did the term “Trail of

Tears” originate? What was the furthest north,

south & east tribes were forced onto the trail? (states & tribes)

Where did most tribes wind up?

Tariffs Cause Problems…Tariffs Cause Problems…

Tariff of 1828 or “Tariff of Abominations” Tariff of 1828 or “Tariff of Abominations” – British stop buying so much cotton from the South British stop buying so much cotton from the South

Southerners angry! Southerners angry! S. Carolina S. Carolina nullifiednullified the tariffs. the tariffs.

– Threatened to secede (separate from the Union)

– Jackson threatens to use military to collect taxes

– 1833: Henry Clay worked out a compromise.1833: Henry Clay worked out a compromise. Taxes would be lowered over 10 yearsTaxes would be lowered over 10 years

Bank WarsBank Wars

Jackson upset National Bank doesn’t loan to common people Takes all of the govt’s money and puts it into “pet banks”

(banks loyal to Democrats) Bank of US just like any other bank now – people annoyed with

Jackson’s tactics

Legacy of JacksonLegacy of Jackson Depression!Depression!

– State banks (Jackson’s Pet Banks) State banks (Jackson’s Pet Banks) mishandled $$.mishandled $$.

– Printed more cash than gold reserves.Printed more cash than gold reserves. Panic of 1837Panic of 1837

– People made a run on banksPeople made a run on banks– Credit failures, banks closeCredit failures, banks close– People lose their savingsPeople lose their savings– Businesses go bankruptBusinesses go bankrupt

The Panic of 1837 Spreads The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Quickly!

The Panic of 1837 Spreads The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Quickly!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrB3duNY8Is

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EXpfTKoxowU&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PL7A8F54B8A573C0C2

Write the following questions in your notes:1. What does this cartoon suggest

about Jackson’s attitude toward the Constitution?

2. How does this cartoon particularly comment on Jackson’s use of presidential power?

Please answer the following Please answer the following questions in complete questions in complete sentencessentences

What happened to the Democratic- What happened to the Democratic- Republicans as a result of the 1824 Republicans as a result of the 1824 elections?elections?

What is the What is the Spoils SystemSpoils System? ? What was the Indian Removal Act?What was the Indian Removal Act? How did the Tariff of 1828 effect How did the Tariff of 1828 effect

Southerners? Southerners?