The Circulatory System Ms. Tracy Roberts

Heart: AnatomyPumps blood to circulate throughout your bodyLocated in the center of the chest cavityThe apex (or bottom) of the heart points towards the leftStrongest muscle in the bodyEncased in a fluid filled sac known as the pericardiumSeparated into right and left sides by the septumContains 4 chambersRight atrium, right ventricleLeft atrium, left ventricle

ObjectivesDiversity and Adaptations of Organisms - The student will engage in investigations that integrate the process standards and lead to the discovery of the following objectives: 1. By classifying organisms, biologists consider details of internal and external structure. 2. Organisms have a great variety of internal and external structures that enable them to survive. The Circulatory System:

The circulatory system (or cardiovascular system) moves blood throughout the body.Consists of 3 main components:HeartBlood VesselsBloodInteracts with all tissue systems in the body.

IntroductionHeart: AtriumThe atrium is the top chamber of the heart

Right AtriumLeft AtriumReceives deoxygenated blood from the bodyReceived oxygenated blood from the lungsPumps blood to the right ventriclePumps blood to the left ventricle

http://www.evgschool.org/heart_diagram.htmHeart: VentricleLower, larger chamber of the heart

Contains thick walls of muscle to help pump out a greater capacity of blood than the atriumThe left ventricle is thicker than the right ventricle because it has to send blood out to the entire body, whereas the right ventricle only sends blood to the lungs

Right VentricleLeft VentricleReceives deoxygenated blood from the right atriumReceives oxygenated blood from the left atriumPumps blood out to the lungs to exchange CO2 waste with O2Pumps blood out to the body

Heart: ValvesKeeps blood flowing in one directionHeart contains 4

Tricuspid valve *Separates right atrium from right ventricleHas 3 leaflets

Bicuspid valve *Separates left atrium from right ventricleHas 2 leaflets

http://www.yourheartvalve.com/heartbasics/heartvalves.htmHeart: ValvesAortic valve *Lies between the aorta (see blood vessels) and the left ventricleKnown as a semilunar valve (contains 3 cusps)

Pulmonary valve *Lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery (see blood vessels)Known as a semilunar valve

http://www.yourheartvalve.com/heartbasics/heartvalves.htmHeart: Blood Flowbody right atrium right ventricle lungs left atrium left ventricle

Back to MenuBlood Vessels: ArteriesCarry blood away from the heart

2 Major arteries associated with the heart

AortaDirects blood from the left ventricle to the body

Pulmonary arteriesDirects blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

Blood Vessels: Arteries

Blood Vessels: VeinsCarry blood to the heart

2 major veins associated with the heart

Venae cavae (veena cave-a)Returns blood from the body to the right atrium

Pulmonary veinsReturns blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Blood Vessels: Veins

Blood Vessels: CapillariesPorous vessels found within tissuesPlace of exchange between blood and tissuesBlood enters tissues and exchanges oxygen and materialsConnection between arteries and veins

http://www.chelationtherapyonline.com/articles/p198.htmBlood Vessels: Blood Flowheart arteries lungs veins heart arteries capillaries veins

Back to MenuBlood: PlasmaThe liquid portion of blood

Contains:WaterIons Organic MoleculesDissolved gasesProteins

http://www.celebritydiagnosis.com/2010/03/mariner-cliff-lee-has-abdominal-strain-using-new-therapy/Blood: Red Blood Cells Also known as erythrocytes (meaning red)

Main role is to transport gases:Oxygen from the lungs to tissuesCarbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs

http://health.allrefer.com/pictures-images/cytochrome-b5-reductase-blood-test.htmlBlood: White Blood Cells Also known as leukocytes (meaning white)

Main role is in the bodys immune response defending against foreign invaders:ParasitesBacteriaViruses

Blood: White Blood Cells There are 5 different cell types: LymphocytesMonocytesNeutrophilsEosinophilsBasophils

Each cell type performs a specific function in fighting off invaders.

http://www.antiaging-skins-care.com/immune.htmlBlood: PlateletsAlso known as thrombocytes (meaning to lump or clot).

Main role is to aid in blood clotting mechanismsPrevents loss of blood in damaged vesselsPart of wound healing

http://www.regenexx.com/tag/platelet-rich-plasma/

Back to MenuReview: Circulatory System Videohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mH0QTWzU-xIReview: Circulatory System Song

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q0s-1MC1hcE&NR=1

Additional ResourcesGreat video from the Mayo Clinichttp://www.mayoclinic.com/health/circulatory-system/MM00636

Explore the anatomy of the circulatory system from the Texas Heart Institutehttp://www.texasheartinstitute.org/HIC/Anatomy/

Test your knowledge by playing these games from Quiahttp://www.quia.com/jg/54523.html

QuizWhat separates the heart into left and right sides?PericardiumSeptumVentricleCapillary

The right atrium is larger than the left atrium because it needs more force to pump the blood to the body.TrueFalse

QuizWhich of the following is the correct order of blood flow through the heart?Left ventricle, left atrium, lungs, right ventricle, right atriumRight ventricle, right atrium, lungs, left ventricle, left atriumRight atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricleLeft atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium, right ventricle

Which of the following is the correct order of blood flow through the blood vessels?Heart, arteries, lungs, veins, heart, arteries, capillaries, veins, heartHeart, veins, lungs, arteries, heart, veins, capillaries, veins, heartHeart, capillaries, lungs, capillaries, heart, arteries, veins, heartNone of the aboveQuizWhich of the following is not found in blood?PlateletsPlasmaBileCells

How many different types of white blood cells are there?1245Assignment (25 pts.)Correctly label the different parts of the heart. (5 pts.)

What are the functions of arteries, veins and capillaries? Where are they found? (5 pts.)

List and define the different components that make up blood. (5 pts.)

Using the worksheet provided, trace the route that blood takes in the circulatory system. Make sure you differentiate between oxygen poor (blue) and oxygen rich (red) blood. (10 pts.)