B4G 緊急通訊技術發展

(Tech Trend for Next Generation

Critical Communications)

Institute for Information Industry

Speaker: Yi-Hsueh Tsai

2013/10/17

Bureau of Standards,

Metrology & Inspection

Outlines

1. Introduction a) Standard for wide range of users

b) Commitment and 3GPP Cooperation

c) Public Safety Requirements and Standards

2. Public Safety Requirements and Standards a) 3GPP public safety work items

b) 3GPP standards availability

c) GPP Release 12 roadmap

3. Work beyond 3GPP a) Legacy coexistence and migration strategies

b) Handset and infrastructure ecosystem

c) First Responder Network Authority

d) Broadband Spectrum

4. Conclusion

Introduction

• Standards used for commercial cellular and critical

communications have historically been separate

• New interest today in adapting LTE

for critical communication and

public safety applications

• 3GPP is working in collaboration

with the critical communication

industry to deliver standards

Public Warning System (EMTEL & 3GPP)

Digital Mobile Radio (ERM TG DMR)

Non-voice Communication (3GPP & EMTEL)

Maritime Distress and Safety System

(ERM TG26) TETRA (TETRA) Priority use of public

network (3GPP) Satellite emergency

communication (SES SatEC)

eCall (ESG & 3GPP)

Mobile broadband system (MESA & RRS WG4)

Enhanced caller location (E2NA, EMTEL, MSG,

BRAN & CABLE)

Public Safety

Source: ETSI

Standard for wide range of users

An open standard where the focus is on meeting the critical

communications needs of public safety and security agencies

and an increasingly wide range of other market sectors.

Government

Oil & Gas

Transport & logistics

Utilities

Commercial & Industrial

Manufacturing

Critical communications vs Commercial Cellular

Commercial cellular

• Features: – Huge R&D investment and

innovation

– Economy of scale

– High speed, multimedia

– Network capacity

• Benefits: – More COTS technology reuse

– Lower costs

– Faster standardization

– Less delivery risk

Critical communications

• Features: – Robust

– Excellent group operation

– Priority control

– Direct mode

• Benefits: – More operating modes supported

– Performance (KPI) improvements

– Better support for “difficult”

radio situations

Commitment and 3GPP Cooperation

Requirements & Technical Input

LTE Enhancements

• Preserve strengths of LTE while also adding

features needed for public safety

• Maximize the technical commonality between

commercial and public safety aspects

National Public Safety Telecommunications Council Spectrum and US$7bn funding for LTE-based national US

public safety network at 700MHz

Started standards process in 3GPP

Tetra + Critical Communications Association Committed to LTE for broadband critical communication systems

Cellular

Industry

Source: 3GPP SA Chair

Public Safety LTE gains momentum

‘…the promise of an interoperable

network based on non-proprietary,

commercially available technology’

and takes a look at how LTE fits in to

the U.S. public safety environment.

“ESMCP is keen to enhance the next generation of

mobile technology – 4G Long Term Evolution – to

deliver the functionality, coverage, security and

availability required by U.K.,” said Russell. “ESMCP

is planning to appoint a delivery partner in 2015 and

hopes to start transition to the new service late 2016.”

Why LTE is the next generation in wireless

William Jackson portrays LTE as a ‘known’ part of the future U.S.

nationwide public safety network, as specified by the First Responder

Network Authority. This article describes the LTE standard as holding

U.K. Preps for Broadband

Mission-Critical Network

Public Safety Requirements and Standards

• Public safety imposes unique

requirements that cannot all

be satisfied with LTE

standards that are available

today. An example of such a

requirement is Mission

Critical Voice, which

includes Push to Talk (PTT),

off-network operation, and a

variety of related functions.

LTE Standards

LTE Product

from OEM

Commercial LTE

Network

• As LTE standards continue to evolve, and organizations such as

FirstNet participate in the 3GPP standards processes to drive desired

capabilities, more of the public safety requirements can be satisfied

with products based on these standards.

e.g. certain

priority &

QoS feature

e.g. eMBMS

e.g. mission

critical voice

Source:

NPSTC

3GPP public safety work items

Work Item 3GPP

Release

Work Item

Document

Study on Resilient E-UTRAN Operation

for Public Safety (FS_REOPS) 13 SP-130240

Proximity-based Services Specification

(ProSe) 12

SP-130030

RP-122009

Group Communication System Enablers

for LTE (GCSE_LTE) 12 SP-130326

Public Safety Broadband High Power

User Equipment for Band 14 for Region 2 11 RP-120362

Source: 3GPP

Proximity-based Services

Allow devices in close proximity to communicate directly 1. Reduce network load

2. Increase capacity in given bandwidth

3. Allow communication in areas without network coverage

Network

Cell

Site

Current LTE

Communication Path

Network

Cell

Site

Direct

Communication Locally Routed UE Relay

Cell

Site Network

Assisted

Discovery

Group Communication System Enablers

• Enable efficient group communication 1. Dynamic groups with mobile users and

dispatchers

2. Support for floor control (e.g. push to talk)

3. Large groups (perhaps up to 5000)

4. Low latency to add users, obtain channels

• Group call application is separate

from the 3GPP system enablers 1. Application layer: group management, floor

control decisions, legacy interoperability

2. LTE layer: mobility, service continuity,

radio efficiency

3. Joint: performance, service interaction

Group Call

application

sever

Cell

Site

Dispatcher

Group Call Enabled

LTE Network

Group Members UE Relay

G.C. Network Application

3GPP LTE Network Layers

Network API

G.C. Network Application

3GPP LTE Network Layers

Network API

Isolated E-UTRAN can be formed following:

1. An Outage event within the infrastructure network

2. Deployment of Mobile Command Posts (MCPs)

Resilient E-UTRAN Operation

• 1 or more eNB(s)

• Transport connection between eNBs

• Backhaul

• Local EPC functions at eNB

• Restoration of coverage for the

group of eNBs

• Security between UE and eNB

• Security between eNBs

• Offer similar services seen prior to

• Outage event

Isolated E-UTRAN

Outage in the

Infrastructure

Network

Mobile Command

Post

Release 12 draft standards and schedule

WG Document Title Date

SA1 TR 22.803 Study on Proximity-based Services 2011/09~2013/01

SA1 TS 22.115

TS 22.278

Service aspects; Charging and billing

Service requirements for the Evolved Packet System (EPS) 2012/12~2013/06

SA2 TR 23.703 Study on architecture enhancements to support Proximity Services 2012/12~2013/09

SA3 TR 33.8xy Study on security issues to support Proximity Services 2013/03~2014/03

RAN1

RAN2 TR 36.843

Feasibility Study on LTE Device to Device Proximity Services -

Radio Aspects 2012/12~2014/03

SA1 TS 22.468 Group Communication System Enablers for LTE 2012/06~2013/12

SA2 TR 23.768 Study on architecture enhancements to support Group

Communication System Enablers for LTE 2013/02~2013/09

WG Document Title Date

SA1 TR 22.897 Study on Resilient E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety 2013/07~2014/06

Release 13 draft standards and schedule

3GPP standards availability

Source: 3GPP

ProSe Feature Component Analysis

(H) UE to NW Relay

(I) Service Continuity

(F) ProSe-assisted

WLAN Direct

(ext1) RAN

support

(ext2) SA3

specification (D) Direct 1:many

E-UTRA Comm.,

in coverage

(C) Direct 1:1

E-UTRA Comm.,

in coverage

(E) ProSe Comm

Path via eNB

(A) Direct 1:1

E-UTRA Comm.,

out of coverage

(B) Direct 1:many

E-UTRA Comm.,

out of coverage

(G) UE to UE Relay

Source: 3GPP SA1/SA2 Chair

ProSe Key Components for Public Safety

The most important public safety use case is: Group communication in areas where network coverage is unavailable or intermittent, for

example, (a) very rural areas, basements, tower blocks etc., (b) during network outages

In some of these scenarios the priority is local communication within a group of public

safety users in proximity.

In other scenarios the important thing is for users to be able to extend coverage (e.g. from

a vehicle) to be able to link back to a control room.

The following components are key for Release 12:

(B) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Communication out of coverage

(D) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Communication in E-UTRAN coverage – NPSBN Users may be outside of the range of the fixed network, such as first responders in a

rural area assisting in a response to a plane crash or police officers inside a residence

responding to a domestic issue.

– Off-network voice communications must be immediately accessible to users in the absence

of the NPSBN

(H) UE to NW Relay – We use this often to extend vehicle-based coverage footprint to handheld devices.

– Also key to public safety, we would like this to be included in R12 if a solution can be found

that does not add too much complexity to the rest of the work. Source: UK Home Office

UE

ProSe APP

LTE - Uu

E - UTRAN

UE

ProSe APP

EPC

S 1

ProSe APP Server

SGi

ProSe Function

PC 4

PC 2

PC 5 LTE - Uu

PC 3

PC 1

PC 6

ProSe Reference Architecture Model

One example may be for application data updates for a ProSe database in the ProSe Function. Another example may be data

for use by ProSe App Server in interworking between 3GPP functionality and application data, e.g. name translation.

PC3: It is the reference point between the UE and ProSe Function. It is used to define the interaction between UE and ProSe

Function. An example may be to use for configuration for ProSe discovery and communication.

PC4: It is the reference point between the EPC and ProSe Function. It is used to define the interaction between EPC and

ProSe Function. Possible use cases may be when setting up a one-to-one communication path between UEs or when

validating ProSe services (authorization) for session management or mobility management in real time.

PC5: It is the reference point between UE to UE used for control and user plane for discovery and communication, for relay

and one-to-one communication ( between UEs directly and between UEs over LTE-Uu).

PC6: This reference point between ProSe Functions in different PLMNs (when not roaming) may be used for functions such

as ProSe Discovery between users subscribed to different PLMNs.

Source: TR 23.703 v0.5.0

PC1: It is the reference point between

the ProSe application in the UE and in

the ProSe App Server. It is used to define

application level signalling requirements.

PC2: It is the reference point between

the ProSe App Server and the ProSe

Function. It is used to define the

interaction between ProSe App Server

and ProSe functionality provided by the

3GPP EPS via ProSe Function.

GCSE Feature Component Analysis

(A) Group Management

(B) Group Comm (TX,RX)

(H) Resource Efficiency (I) Roaming Scenarios

(J) High Availability

(C) Geographic Scope

(ext2) RAN

support

(ext3) SA3

specification

(ext1) SA2/

ProSe support

(F) Service Continuity

(G) UE to NW Relay

(D) Floor Control

(E) User Interaction

? (K) Inter-

working

(L) UE-AS

Open

Interface

Source: 3GPP SA1/SA2 Chair

GCSE Key Components for Public Safety

The key features delivered by existing systems, such as TETRA/P25 are:

Simultaneous distribution of the same content to groups of users.

Reliable and fast set-up of communications.

Support for very large groups of users, either located in a small geographic area

or widely spread geographically.

The following components are key for Release 12:

(A) Group Management Any aspects of this required to make core functionality work.

(B) Group Communications

(F) Service Continuity Service will not be usable without this.

(H) Resource Efficiency Planned or unplanned major incidents may require group communications within a very

large group in a small geographic area - requires good radio resource efficiency.

(E) User Interaction Some aspects only; related to performance, immediate updating of group membership, all

members receiving transmissions at the same time.

Source: UK Home Office

GCSE Reference Architecture Model

GC2: It is the reference point between the GCSE AS and the MuSe function. It is used to define the interaction between

GCSE AS and MuSe functionality provided by the 3GPP EPS layer.

GC3: It is the reference point between the E-UTRAN and MuSe function. It is used to define the interaction between E-

UTRAN and MuSe function in order to achieve Multipoint functionality provided by the 3GPP EPS layer.

GC4: It is the reference point between the MME and MuSe function It is used to define the interaction between MME

and MuSe function in order to achieve Multipoint functionality provided by the 3GPP EPS layer.

GC5: It is the reference point between the P-GW and MuSe function. It is used to provide DL unicast service by MuSe.

UE eNBMBMS

GWBM-SC

GCSE

Application

server

MME P-GW

Uu GC3

S1-MME

SG-imb

SGi

SG-mb

GC2

S-GW

GC4 S11 S5

S1-U

GCSE

Application

UE

GCSE

Application

ProSe Communication

UEGC1GCSE

Application

MuSe

GC5Media

GC1: It is the reference point

between the GCSE application in

the UE and in the application

server. It is used to define

application level signalling

requirement to enable Multipoint

functionality for GCSE_LTE,

and possibly for session

establishment and floor control

usages, etc.

Source: TR 23.768 v0.3.0

3GPP Release 12 roadmap

Source: 3GPP SA Chair

2013 2014 2015 2012

Later Phase Enhancements …

Release 12

Implementations

Available?

Signaling

Freeze

June

Requirements Freeze (Postpone from March

for Public Safety Work)

June

Architecture

Freeze

Dec.

Requirements

Architecture

Protocols

Bug fixing

Work beyond 3GPP

• Standards are one element in enabling a market – 3GPP will deliver LTE enhancements for public safety in Rel-12

• Potential users need to also consider – Legacy coexistence and migration strategies

• Interworking requirement need to be carefully considered

• Extension of PTT application with P25/TETRA to the LTE network

– Handset and infrastructure ecosystem • Use of a commercial wireless carrier

– Regulation • The ‘Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012’ directs FirstNet

to establish a single nationwide public safety broadband network.

– Spectrum (ITU) • World Radio Conference - 2015 (WRC-15) is currently under preparation

– Working Party 5A: allocations for PPDR (Public Protection and Disaster Relief)

– Working Party 5D: WRC-15 agenda point 1.2 (organization of 700 MHz band)

– Application designs

Legacy coexistence and migration strategies

• The legacy coexistence is for the LTE network to interwork

with P25/TETRA voice and low data-rate services such as

short message.

Source: Alcatel-Lucent/TCCA

• This interworking

enables interoperability

and also provides the

necessary migration

path from P25/TETRA

with an LTE overlay to

a mission-critical LTE

network running all

mission critical services.

TETRA,

TETRAPOL,

etc. PMR/LMR

networks

Non Mission

Critical data

(commercial

LTE)

Mission

Critical Data

(Private LTE)

Mission

Critical Voice

(Private LTE)

Single sign-on services (security) Communications

services - including PMR/LMR applications

Subscriber & group management, group calls, etc.

Cloud - based Applications including

Control Room Applications

1 2 3 4

TIME / STAGE

Mission Critical voice services Until LTE

readiness & maturity

Upgrade Learn Build Migrate

Strategic: requires spectrum for private LTE

Using commercial 3G/4G carriers

BB system introduction and coexistence

Source: Cassidian

The application is focused on coexistence between Narrowband PMR

systems and Broadband PMR systems. Narrowband systems for voice

communications and low data rate communications: (1)TETRA, (2)

TETRAPOL, (3) APCO 25 These systems are using 10 to 25 kHz

bandwidths. For high data rate communications, LTE is the system that

is targeted to be used for

future PMR Broadband.

Bandwidths of

1.4 MHz,

3 MHz,

5 MHZ,

10Mhz

are considered.

Handset and infrastructure ecosystem

LTE provides numerous benefits that make it attractive for partnerships

between jurisdictions, and between public and private organizations.

Experts predict there will be

more partnerships as more

public safety agencies begin

moving forward with

deployments.

Financial benefits as shown in

right figure, it is dramatically

more cost-effective to build a

network as part of a public-

private partnership rather

than on a standalone basis.

Source: Bell Labs

-10%

Use of a commercial wireless carrier

In the US, it is expected that FirstNet will select an Internet Packet

Exchange (IPX) provider to handle the connectivity between the

NPSBN and the various commercial networks with whom NPBSN

creates roaming agreements.

When roaming

onto commercial

networks, it may be

desirable to route

certain traffic, such

as Internet traffic,

locally in the

commercial LTE

network.

Source: NPSTC

NPBSN

Commercial LTE

First Responder Network Authority

The ‘Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012’

directs First Responder Network Authority (FirstNet), a new

entity within NTIA, to establish a single nationwide, interoperable

public safety broadband network. It will develop recommended

technical requirements to ensure nationwide interoperability, based

on the LTE standard. FCC will facilitate transition of public safety

broadband spectrum (700 MHz D Block) to FirstNet.

http://www.ntia.doc.gov/category/firstnet

Source: FirstNet

Developing internet

protocol specs

ITU-R/T

Developing Mobile

application specs

Organisational Partners

Referring to 3GPP specs

(contributed by

individual members)

Partners of 3GPP

Referring to 3GPP specs for

the local specs

Referring to specs

Cross reference

of specs

Developing Wireless

LAN/MAN specs

Requirements

Input

specs

Japan EU Korea China North America

MRP

Developing

Recommendations

Terminal

Certification

Terminal certification

based on 3GPP specs

Cross reference

of specs

Relationship between 3GPP and other SDOs

Source: 3GPP

ITU-R Study Group Meetings: Working Party 5D

WRC

SGs & SC

CPM

RR Rec

RofP

Radiocommunication Bureau

Director RRB

Final Acts

ITU Member States (including

Regional Groups, Informal Group)

Revisions to RR,

Resolutions & Questions,

Recommendations Reports

Technical bases

RA RRB: Radio Regulations Board

SGs: Radio-communication

Study Groups

SC: Special Committee

(Regulation & Proc.)

RA: Radio-communication

Assembly

WRC: World Radio-

communication Conference

Deployment Product R&D Standard Research and Technology Trials

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

WRC-2012 WRC-2015 WRC-2019 5G

Source: ITU & Huawei

Broadband Spectrum in America (Region 2)

• United States was the first country to allocate Broadband Public Safety

spectrum.

• Initially 5+5 MHz spectrum was allocated by the USA for dedicated

Broadband Public Safety spectrum. Earlier this year US Congress passed

a law allocating the additional 5+5 MHz dedicated PSBB spectrum.

• Recently Canada has also indicated its intention to follow a similar

allocation Source: ITU

Broadband Spectrum in EMEA (Region 1)

• Europe's 700 MHz digital dividend is only 30+30 MHz and all of this

will be allocated to Public cellular operators.

• Broadband PPDR spectrum in Region 1 may be found in Digital

Dividend 2 which is expected beyond 2015

• Some countries in Europe are looking at some interim solutions in the

lower frequency bands around 400 MHz.

• However, sufficient broadband spectrum may not be available in those

bands. Source: ITU

Broadband Spectrum in Asia (Region 3)

• Many Asian countries will adopt APT band plan for 700 MHz Digital

Dividend.

• Some countries in Asia will allocate the Lower 10+10 MHz (703-

713/758-768) for Broadband PPDR.

• The advantage of the lower portion is that it will provide buffer for the

DTV below 698 MHz in terms of co-existence and protection to the TV

services. Source: ITU

Other Broadband Spectrum Option

• Some Asian countries (e.g. Australia, Singapore) are also looking at the

800 MHz band, which has been planned by 3GPP for LTE under Band

26. Within this band, any 10+10 MHz could be used for Broadband

PPDR.

• Some Region 3 countries are also considering use the US band plan.

Within the US 700 MHz band, 3GPP Band 13 or 14 could be used for

Broadband PPDR for which PSLTE devices are already available.

• One Region 3 Country is considering 1.4 GHz Band while Some

countries are also looking at 2.3 GHz IMT Band. Source: ITU

Conclusions

• 3GPP has started work on public safety standards

– Meet market needs in an interoperable manner

– Technical participation in Release 12 is needed

• LTE based public safety networks

– Use common off the shelf technology

– Improve on existing capabilities with broadband and

multimedia

• Work beyond 3GPP

– New business opportunities with commercial mobile operators

– Interworking and migration need careful consideration

– ITU’s Working Party 5A dealing notably with allocations for

Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR)

Reference

1. http://www.3gpp.org/Public-Safety

2. http://www.3gpp.org/Public-Safety-LTE-gains-momentum

3. Radio Communications for Emergency Response and Disaster Relief

(http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/asp/CMS/Events/2012/NBTC-

disaster/S6_MrBhatia.pdf)

4. EMPhAtiC – Standardization Strategy

(http://www.ict-ras.eu/index.php/meetings)

5. Public safety LTE: A How-to Guide

(http://criticalcommunicationsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/tetra11/14691-

Alcatel-Lucent_How-to-guide_LTE-for-Public-Safety_Global_edition_EN.pdf)

6. http://gcn.com/Articles/2013/04/08/Why-LTE-is-the-next-generation-in-

wireless.aspx?Page=2

7. http://www.radioresourcemag.com/onlyonline.cfm?OnlyOnlineID=400

Q&A