The BioSolve Company 329 Massachusetts Avenue │ Lexington, MA 02420 USA +1 (800) 225-3909

Appl ication Information Sheet

Introduction to Tank Cleaning with Pinkwater

BioSolve Pinkwater is used by leading tank maintenance contractors at oil production, storage and refining operations in the US and numerous foreign countries. Pinkwater is used for degassing and decontamination at facilities of many major oil companies and pipeline companies, such as ExxonMobil, BP, Marathon, Chevron, Hess, Conoco Philips, Valero, Colonial Pipeline and others.

Pinkwater is primarily known for its effectiveness in the final cleaning and degassing of tanks containing volatile products, such as gasoline and condensates. In fact, Pinkwater is used on a wide range of tank cleaning projects involving the full spectrum of petroleum products, including crude. A list of recent projects is available upon request.

Projects using BioSolve Pinkwater over the past 2 years include: Sludge removal and degassing of oil field

(crude) collection tanks Removing p-xylene from interstitial space under

tank at a petrochemical refining facility Cleaning and degassing a crude sulfate

turpentine tank and pipelines at a Kraft pulp mill Decontaminating a decommissioned gasoline

pipeline at a fuel terminal Degassing an acrylonitrile tank for manned entry

at a petrochemical plant Removing sludge and degassing a sour water

tank at a crude oil processing plant Final cleaning and degassing of gasoline tanks

at a refinery Scheduled cleaning and sludge

decontamination of pressure vessels on offshore oil platforms

High volume scrubbing of refinery process sewer gas

Degassing a distillates tank at a refinery

HOW PINKWATER WORKS BioSolve Pinkwater is a highly “lipophilic” (oil loving) non-ionic surfactant formulation that works in two ways.

First, Pinkwater solubilizes hydrocarbon contaminates, thereby stripping them from surfaces such as tank walls and internal structures, concrete retaining walls and sludge.

Second, Pinkwater encapsulates or emulsifies hydrocarbon droplets within water and surfactant “micelles”, dramatically reducing vapor pressure, VOC levels and LEL readings.

Pinkwater works best when it is vigorously applied to assure contact and thorough mixing with hydrocarbons, using equipment such as pumps, high pressure sprayers, and manway cannons.

The Pinkwater Advantage

Quick turnaround decontaminates and reduces LELs in a single application

Safe, efficient working conditions (no hazardous chemicals)

Promotes lower disposal cost (making sludge non-hazardous)

Condensate tank for cleaning and degassing

Since 1997, BioSolve Pinkwater has been listed as SW-20 in the EPA NCP Product Schedule. (This listing indicates only that data has been submitted to EPA as required by Subpart J of the National Contingency Plan 300.915.) For professional use at the user’s discretion and risk. Instructions provided herein are not intended for site specific applications. Do not use BioSolve Pinkwater without proper permits, approvals and authorization by appropriate regulatory agencies. Use in compliance with all federal, state, and local rules and regulations. For MSDS, application protocols or additional information contact The BioSolve Company.

“Pinkwater works fast, is easy to use and reduces the total cost of the project.”

TANK CLEANING WITH PINKWATER Pinkwater is sold and shipped as a concentrate and diluted with water on site. A typical working solution is in the 2% to 6% range. As a guideline for cleaning, plan for 1 gallon of Pinkwater concentrate for each 20 gallons of residual hydrocarbons in the tank.

For light product tanks where there is little sludge, prepare a Pinkwater working solution in a large mixing tank (e.g., a frac tank). This solution can be applied to contaminated surfaces with a high pressure spraying system to assure thorough contact and mixing with residual hydrocarbons on the roof, walls, internal structures, bottom and in the sump.

For tanks with several feet (or more) of sludge containing more than 40% water, Pinkwater concentrate can be mixed directly with water in the tank using an educator system as part of the circulation loop. Effectiveness requires good circulation in the tank to achieve uniform mixing.

For final cleaning and degassing prior to manned entry, Pinkwater solution is generally applied using an automated pressure washing system (such as a water cannon or rotary impingement equipment) to loosen and solubilize any residual sludge and to rinse hydrocarbons from, the walls, roof, sump and internal structures.

Cleaning and degassing with Pinkwater will eliminate the source of any new vapors. However, these procedures will not eliminate vapors already filling the vapor space. Depending on the tank size, location and environmental regulations, existing vapors may be removed through thermal oxidation systems, gas scrubbing, tank misting or with some other treatment.

Additional Information Sheets are available describing specific tank cleaning protocols.

ALWAYS ASSESS THE GENERAL CONDITION OF THE TANK BEFORE COMMENCING WORK AND ESTIMATE THE QUANTITY RESIDUAL PRODUCT TO BE PROCESSED.

VERIFY THE LOCATION OF TANK SUMP AS THIS IS THE MOST LIKELY LOCATION FOR COLLECTING EFFLUENT.

BEFORE ENTERING A TANK CHECK ATMOSPHERE WITH AN EXPLOSION METER.

USE APPROPRIATE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.

The BioSolve Company 329 Massachusetts Avenue │ Lexington, MA 02420 USA +1 (800) 225-3909

Appl ication Information Sheet

Five Tank Cleaning Applications

Tank maintenance contractors use BioSolve Pinkwater in a variety of ways that best leverage Pinkwater’s functionality to match project requirements. Virtually all applications are related to various needs for cleaning, decontaminating and degassing tanks and pipelines in preparation for manned entry and maintenance. Five applications are summarized in this Information Sheet, based on descriptions provided by contractors and tank owners with experience using BioSolve Pinkwater.

Please call The BioSolve Company for more information or to discuss the particular challenges associated with your tank cleaning/degassing project.

FINAL CLEANING & DEGASSING Pinkwater is primarily known for its effectiveness in degassing tanks containing volatile products, such as gasoline, in some cases reducing the time to degas by over 60%. Pinkwater removes the source of hydrocarbon vapors while tank surfaces are being cleaned.

When applied under pressure to interior surfaces (using a manway cannon or other high pressure spraying system), Pinkwater emulsifies hydrocarbons on contact.

Pinkwater’s aggressive surfactant formulation “grabs” hydrocarbons from hard surfaces and encapsulates them in an emulsion, cleaning internal surfaces and reducing the source of LELs.

For tanks used to store light products, with little or no sludge, a single application of Pinkwater will often clean and degas the tank reducing LEL readings to near zero in preparation for manned entry.

Using Pinkwater may also help control hydrogen sulfide levels and can be used with many commercial hydrogen sulfide scavenger products. However, always test compatibility before using.

CLEANING & DEGASSING UNDER THE TANK Occasionally a leak in the bottom of a tank may become a source of hydrocarbon vapors that keeps LELs over the limit for hot work or even manned entry. If the location of the leak

Estimating Pinkwater Volume – Part 1

As an example, a 100 ft. diameter tank with an average residual sludge depth of 3 in.: Volume of sludge (cu. ft.)

= area of tank (sq. ft.) x depth of sludge (ft.) Volume of sludge (cu. ft.)

= 7,850 sq. ft. x 0.25 ft. = 1,960 cu. ft. Assume sludge is 50% hydrocarbons

= 1,960 cu. ft. x 0.5 = 980 cu. ft. of hydrocarbons

Volume of hydrocarbons (gal) = 980 cu. ft. x 7.48 gal/cu. ft. = 7,330 gallons

Pinkwater concentrate required (using a ratio of 20 parts hydrocarbons to 1 part Pinkwater concentrate) 7,330 ÷ 20 = 366 gallons of Pinkwater

Volume of working solution (4% solution) = 336 gallons of concentrate ÷ 0.04 = 9,162 gallons of Pinkwater solution

Gasoline tank for degassing

Since 1997, BioSolve Pinkwater has been listed as SW-20 in the EPA NCP Product Schedule. (This listing indicates only that data has been submitted to EPA as required by Subpart J of the National Contingency Plan 300.915.) For professional use at the user’s discretion and risk. Instructions provided herein are not intended for site specific applications. Do not use BioSolve Pinkwater without proper permits, approvals and authorization by appropriate regulatory agencies. Use in compliance with all federal, state, and local rules and regulations. For MSDS, application protocols or additional information contact The BioSolve Company.

“BioSolve Pinkwater has cut our time to prepare a tank for manned entry by more than 60%”

(or leaks) can be identified, Pinkwater solution can be injected into the sand under the tank to emulsify hydrocarbons and suppress vapors. This may require safely drilling holes around the leak and installing nozzles so that Pinkwater can be pumped into the interstitial spaces in the sand. In many cases this will eliminate the source of vapors and reduce LELs to safe levels for completing repairs.

For larger leaks it may be necessary to decontaminate the sand by using Pinkwater to remove hydrocarbons through an injection and extraction operation. The feasibility of doing this depends on the configuration of the tank bottom and the presence of a leak detection or drain system under the tank.

SLUDGE CLEANING Under some conditions it may be desirable to “clean” sludge solids to avoid the high cost disposing of this waste in a hazardous materials land fill. After circulating the sludge mixture in the tank, adding cutter stocks as needed to achieve a pumpable mixture, a side stream of the liquefied sludge is diverted from the primary recirculating loop, and batched to a

frac tank. After separating out in the frac tank, the hydrocarbons can be drawn off the top for reprocessing.

Pinkwater concentrate is then added to the residual water and sludge in the frac tank and mixed thoroughly to achieve a homogeneous mixture. Depending on the proportion of solids to water in this mixture, it may be necessary to adjust the amount of water in the tank for efficient cleaning of the solids.

Mixing in the frac tank should assure good contact between Pinkwater and the residual solids. Pinkwater will strip hydrocarbons from the solids, putting them into an emulsion. Once circulation is stopped, the emulsion will separate out, leaving clean solids on the bottom, a aqueous layer in the middle and

Estimating Pinkwater Volume – Part 2

If sludge is being washed AFTER skimming free oil from the frac tank, calculate the volume of Pinkwater as the amount needed to make AT LEAST a 0.5% solution in the residual water. Depending on the specific hydrocarbons, a 1% solution may be needed. If there are 10,000 gallons of water in the

frac tank, add 50 gallons of Pinkwater to make a 0.5% solution.

If sludge is being washed BEFORE skimming free oil from the frac tank, calculate the volume of Pinkwater as AT LEAST 5% of the estimated hydrocarbons in the frac tank. If there are 2,000 gallons of oil in the frac

tank, add 100 gallons of Pinkwater.

Always use the LARGER of the two calculations above.

Preparing to mix Pinkwater solution

an emulsion layer on top which will contain about 99% of the hydrocarbons, depending on the product. This emulsion layer can be skimmed off and disposed of as a hazardous waste. The water phase can usually be sent to an industrial wastewater treatment facility. And the solids can be tested and often used as clean fill.

As an alternative, the homogenized mixture of water, solids and Pinkwater can be sent through a centrifuge to separate the liquids and solids followed by a frac tank to separate the emulsion from the aqueous phase.

GAS SCRUBBING Pinkwater has been proven effective in gas scrubbing systems of various designs for removing hydrocarbon vapors from tanks as well as refinery and chemical plant process sewers. The vapor or process gas is passed through a vertical scrubbing chamber using Pinkwater solution to “capture and solubilize” hydrocarbons in the gas. Over time, VOC monitors will indicate when the Pinkwater solution has become saturated and a new charge is required.

Pinkwater can be mixed with many scavenger products for controlling other gasses such as hydrogen sulfide. (Always check compatibility first or call The BioSolve Company.)

OFFSHORE PLATFORM PRESSURE VESSELS Pinkwater can be used on offshore oil platforms to decontaminate and degas pressure vessels prior to inspection. Most production platforms have several tanks used to collect and process crude oil prior to moving the oil back to shore for refining.

After draining and cooling these tanks, a 6% solution of Pinkwater is prepared using hot water. This solution is sprayed at 3000 psi into each tank to suppress vapors and perform initial cleaning. Once the LELs are lowered, the tank can be opened and vented.

Final cleaning and desludging is done with the tank open, again using a 6% Pinkwater solution and a 3000 psi pressure washing system. Although the composition and volume of sludge can vary significantly, sludge is generally a combination of mostly oil, water (brine) and sand. Often, sludge may be removed from tanks and taken to another location for separation and decontamination of solids. With the sludge removed and the tank degassed and vented, each tank can be inspected, necessary maintenance completed and the tanks quickly returned to service.

Offshore oil platform

The BioSolve Company 329 Massachusetts Avenue │ Lexington, MA 02420 USA +1 (800) 225-3909

Appl icat ion Informat ion Sheet

Tank Cleaning and Degassing (Tanks less than 50,000 gallons)

BioSolve Pinkwater has been proven effective for surface cleaning as well as for eliminating VOC vapors and reducing LEL's in tank cleaning applications. When mixed in the correct proportions, Pinkwater can clean (emulsify hydrocarbons) and degas (encapsulate hydrocarbons) in the tank in a single application.

Pinkwater can be mixed easily on site to the recommended concentration using a poly tank and any available water supply. The dilute solution can be applied using standard pressure washing equipment with 2 – 5 gpm and 2000 to 4000 psi to loosen scale and sludge. Pinkwater requires physical agitation, such as with a pressure washer, to achieve design cleaning and degassing performance. For use on compacted sludge or residual paraffin, a Pinkwater solution with hot water (up to 190oF) will improve performance.

TANK CLEANING PROTOCOL

1. Pump out all fuel, vent tank in an approved manner and inspect tank for sludge, sediment and scale. “Stick” tank through open bung or manway, as necessary to inspect tank and estimate quantity of residual hydrocarbons and sludge.

2. Prepare a 3% - 5% solution of Pinkwater, using one gallon of concentrate for each 2000 gallons of tank capacity. Quantity and concentration required will vary by

tank conditions. For example, tanks used for gasoline storage may require a higher concentration of Pinkwater because of higher volatility.

3. Tanks with heavy sludge and/or pools of residual hydrocarbons will require additional Pinkwater. When solubilizing sludge, plan to use one gallon of Pinkwater concentrate per 10 gallons of residual hydrocarbons. Tank bottom sludge will typically contain 20% to 50% hydrocarbons.

4. Pretreatment of tank is recommended where there is a substantial build-up of sludge or scale. After power washing with Pinkwater solution to break up the sludge, let the solution in the tank stand for about one hour to penetrate rust, scale and sediment. Then mix thoroughly and pump or vacuum pretreatment effluent from tank prior to continuing.

5. To clean and reduce LELs, spray tank walls and bottom with Pinkwater solution using a power washer starting

The Pinkwater Advantage

• Quick turnaround; cleans and eliminates LELs in one application

• Low environmental impact; water-based

• Safe, efficient working conditions; no hazardous chemicals

Cleaning and degassing Underground Storage Tanks

Since 1997, BioSolve Pinkwater has been listed as SW-20 in the EPA NCP Product Schedule. (This listing indicates only that data has been submitted to EPA as required by Subpart J of the National Contingency Plan 300.915.) For professional use at the user’s discretion and risk. Instructions provided herein are not intended for site specific applications. Do not use BioSolve Pinkwater without proper permits, approvals and authorization by appropriate regulatory agencies. Use in compliance with all federal, state, and local rules and regulations. For MSDS, application protocols or additional information contact The BioSolve Company.

Cleans and eliminates LELs in one application

at the top and working down. A wand extension should be used to place the wand approximately one foot above the bottom of the tank for proper agitation.

6. Take explosion meter readings. If LEL is at appropriate levels, pump out all remaining effluent.

7. Take another explosion meter reading before performing additional work on the tank.

When available, effluent from tank cleaning may be processed through an oil/water separator to recover hydrocarbons. Additional effluent treatment may be required prior to disposal.

Pinkwater may also be used for pipeline cleaning and degassing in chemical plants and refineries. On small diameter lines Pinkwater solution may be circulated through the line in a manner that ensures all inner walls of the pipe

(including nozzles and sumps) come in contact with the solution.

On larger diameter lines, pigging may be preferred. When pigging, use enough Pinkwater solution to fully emulsify residual hydrocarbons pooled in pipeline low spots.

If the tank (or pipeline) has leaked into surrounding soil, Pinkwater solution can be used for vapor suppression to reduce the risk of fire or explosion and to control exposure to workers.

Pinkwater can also be used to increase bioavailability of hydrocarbons needed to support bioremediation. (Please request Application Information Sheet on “Bioremediation of Contaminated Soil.”)

Effluent from treatment with Pinkwater can be treated at a local POTW or wastewater treatment facility, subject to local regulations. (Please request Application Information Sheet on “Effluent Management.”) Unrecoverable effluent treated with Pinkwater has significantly less detrimental impact on the environment than effluent resulting from traditional and untreated responses.

Always assess the general condition of a tank before commencing work. Estimate the quantity of residual fuel or chemicals to be removed from tank during cleaning and verify the location of tank sump as this is the most likely place for residual product and accumulation of effluent. Before entering a tank, check the atmosphere with an explosion meter. Always use appropriate personal protective equipment.

Cleaning and degassing Railroad Tank Cars

The BioSolve Company 329 Massachusetts Avenue │ Lexington, MA 02420 USA +1 (800) 225-3909

Appl icat ion Informat ion Sheet

Tank Cleaning, Degassing and Sludge Reduction

BioSolve Pinkwater has proven over 30 years to be an effective and efficient tool for use by tank cleaning contractors to: • Clean tanks and internal structures • Degas tanks prior to manned entry • Solubilize and remove sludge

Pinkwater is known primarily for its effectiveness in tank degassing, in some cases reducing the time to degas tanks by over 60%. However, it is also a superior product for cleaning vessel interiors and related equipment and has also been used to solubilize sludge. Pinkwater is the aqueous alternative to “cutter stocks” (hydrocarbon solvents) which may be harmful to the environment and hazardous to workers.

CLEANING AND DEGASSSING Pinkwater removes the source of hydrocarbon vapors while tank surfaces are being cleaned. When applied under pressure to interior surfaces, Pinkwater emulsifies hydrocarbons on contact. Pinkwater’s aggressive surfactant formulation “grabs” hydrocarbons from hard surfaces and encapsulates them in an emulsion, cleaning internal surfaces and reducing LELs. For tanks used to store light products, with little or no sludge, a single application of Pinkwater will often clean and degas the tank reducing LEL readings to near zero in preparation for manned entry.

Once the vessel is in a condition to allow for manned entry, personnel may be deployed inside the tank to: • Power wash paraffins and other

contaminants from the walls and interior structures

• Perform required maintenance • Inspect tank prior to returning to service

Using Pinkwater may also help control hydrogen sulfide levels and can be used with many commercial hydrogen sulfide scavenger products. However, always test compatibility before using.

SLUDGE REMOVAL AND RECLAMATION For use on viscous or compacted sludge, or for use in tanks with a large accumulation of sludge (up to a foot or more), a system for

The Pinkwater Advantage

• Quick turnaround; cleans and reduces LELs in one application

• Safe, efficient working conditions; no hazardous chemicals

• Promotes recovery of hydrocarbons from wastewater effluent

Each tank cleaning project has unique challenges that require careful assessment in developing a safe, effective approach to cleaning:

• Tank condition and configuration • Specific product • Prior cleaning/maintenance cycle • Residual volume • Composition and condition of sludge • Specific maintenance needs

Condensate tank for cleaning and degassing

Since 1997, BioSolve Pinkwater has been listed as SW-20 in the EPA NCP Product Schedule. (This listing indicates only that data has been submitted to EPA as required by Subpart J of the National Contingency Plan 300.915.) For professional use at the user’s discretion and risk. Instructions provided herein are not intended for site specific applications. Do not use BioSolve Pinkwater without proper permits, approvals and authorization by appropriate regulatory agencies. Use in compliance with all federal, state, and local rules and regulations. For MSDS, application protocols or additional information contact The BioSolve Company.

“BioSolve Pinkwater has cut our time to prepare a tank for manned entry by more than 60%”

mixing Pinkwater into the sludge may be required to create a pumpable effluent. In some cases mixing Pinkwater with hot water and/or supplementing a Pinkwater application with steam may be beneficial.

As conditions allow, hydrocarbon-laden effluent from the tank may be circulated through an oil/water separator (or “frac tank”) to capture emulsified hydrocarbons for disposal. The residual aqueous phase, Pinkwater solution, may be recycled after inspecting and adjusting the solution (e.g., spiking with additional Pinkwater concentrate) to maintain its effectiveness. Solids should fall out of solution during the separation process. Alternatively, the Pinkwater solution may be batch processed, repeatedly circulating the solution through the tank until it is “oil bound,” then pumping to a frac tank for separation.

On very large cleaning projects, Pinkwater can be used to recover hydrocarbons from residual sludge. Hydrocarbon-laden effluent can be separated in a standard frac tank. The cream-

like hydrocarbon emulsion can be skimmed off the top and reprocessed while the remaining aqueous effluent can be treated at a qualified wastewater facility. This feature may reduce disposal costs. And any hydrocarbons recovered may partially offset project costs.

WORKING WITH BIOSOLVE PINKWATER Pinkwater concentrate is mixed with water to prepare a 4% - 6% working solution. As a guideline, plan for 1 gallon of Pinkwater concentrate for each 10 – 20 gallons of residual hydrocarbons in the tank. Pinkwater solution is generally applied using an automated pressure washing system (such as a water cannon or rotary impingement equipment, such as a Gamajet®) to loosen and solubilize sludge and to clean tank walls, roof and internal structures.

Note that for tank cleaning projects utilizing large volume tanks for mixing and oil-water separation, the amount of working solution required for effective operations could be greater than the estimates noted above. For example, large tanks may require up to 20,000 gallons of working solution, meaning that 800 gallons of Pinkwater would be needed for a 4% solution. In such cases, the volume of solution needed for cleaning/degassing must be sufficient to maintain circulation through the cleaning jets and frac tank.

Estimating Pinkwater Volume Requirements

As an example, a 100 ft. diameter tank with an average residual sludge depth of 3 in.: • Volume of sludge (cu. ft.) = area of tank (sq.

ft.) x depth of sludge (ft.) • Volume of sludge (cu. ft.) = 7,850 x 0.25 =

1,963 cu. ft. • Assume sludge is 30% hydrocarbons or 1,963

cu. ft. x 0.3 = 590 cu. ft. of hydrocarbons • Volume of hydrocarbons (gal) = 590 cu. ft. x

7.48 gal/cu. ft. = 4,400 gallons • BioSolve concentrate required: Approximately

220 – 440 gallons for a working solution of 5,500 to 11,000 gallons at a concentration of 4%

ALWAYS ASSESS THE GENERAL CONDITION OF THE TANK BEFORE COMMENCING WORK AND ESTIMATE THE QUANTITY RESIDUAL PRODUCT TO BE PROCESSED. VERIFY THE LOCATION OF TANK SUMP AS THIS IS THE MOST LIKELY LOCATION FOR COLLECTING EFFLUENT. BEFORE ENTERING A TANK CHECK ATMOSPHERE WITH AN EXPLOSION METER. USE APPROPRIATE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT.

BioSolve® InfoSheet Tank Cleaning and Sludge Reduction

BioSolve Pinkwater® is a proprietary, water-based blend of surfactants and other ingredients specifically formulated to work as a hydrocarbon mitigation agent. In tank cleaning applications, Pinkwater is used to1) to help remove sludge and tank bottoms; 2) to clean tanks and internal structures; and, 3) to degas tanks prior to manned entry. Pinkwater offers three main benefits: quicker turnaround times, lower environmental impact, and safer, more efficient working conditions.

The use of Pinkwater allows for the conversion of residual hydrocarbon sludge and tank bottoms to an aqueous phase while simultaneously reducing VOCs and hydrogen sulfide. Pinkwater accelerates cleaning vessel interiors and related equipment in a safe and environmentally responsible manner. Pinkwater is the aqueous alternative to “cutter stocks” (hydrocarbon solvents) which may be harmful to the environment and hazardous to workers.

Pinkwater also supports recovery of hydrocarbons from tank bottoms, which may reduce disposal costs and potentially offset some project costs. Each tank cleaning project has unique challenges depending on tank condition and configuration; contents; time between cleanings; amount, composition and condition of sludge; and specific maintenance needs. On projects where tank bottoms represent a significant amount of recoverable product, a commodity recovery process may be feasible. After treating and removing the sludge, Pinkwater can be used as a vapor suppression agent to prepare the tank for manned entry. Pinkwater quickly encapsulates vapors, producing LEL readings near zero. Once the vessel is in a condition to allow for manned entry, personnel may be deployed within the tank to power wash paraffins and other contaminants from the walls and interior structure, using a hot Pinkwater solution, to prepare tank for required maintenance. Working with BioSolve Pinkwater Typically, Pinkwater concentrate is mixed with water to prepare a 3% - 6% working solution. As a guideline, plan for about 1 liter of Pinkwater concentrate for each 10 – 20 liters of residual hydrocarbons in the tank. Pinkwater solution is generally applied using an automated pressure washing system (such as a water canon or rotary impingement system such as a Gamajet®) to loosen and solubilize sludge and to clean tank walls, roof and internal structures. As conditions allow, Pinkwater solution may be added to tank bottoms and circulated through an oil/water separator (or “frac tank”) to recover hydrocarbons for reprocessing. The residual aqueous phase, Pinkwater solution, may be recycled after periodically inspecting and adjusting

The BioSolve Company 329 Massachusetts Avenue • Lexington, Massachusetts 02420 USA

Telephone: +1 (781) 482-7900 • Fax: +1 (781) 482-7909 Email: info@biosolve.com • www.biosolve.com

BioSolve®

The trusted solution for over 30 years TBC IS1006Rev0212M

the solution (e.g., spiking with fresh Pinkwater) to maintain its effectiveness. Solids will also fall out of solution during the separation process. Alternatively, the Pinkwater solution may be batch processed first circulating Pinkwater solution in the tank until it is “oil bound” and then pumping to a frac tank for separation. Estimating Volume Requirements (For illustration only; all values are approximate) Using a 50 meter diameter tank with an average depth of 5 cm of residual sludge as an example:

• Volume of sludge (cu. m.) = area of sludge (sq. m.) x depth of sludge (m.) • Volume of sludge (cu. m.) = 2,000 x 0.05 = 100 cu. m. • Assume sludge is 20% hydrocarbons or 20 cu. m. (20,000 liters) • Pinkwater concentrate required (see dilution recommendation above): Approximately

1,000 – 2,000 liters for a working solution of 25,000 to 50,000 liters at a concentration of 4% Note that on some large tank cleaning projects the amount of working solution required for effective operations – that is, to maintain circulation of Pinkwater solution through the cleaning jets and the frac tank – could be greater than the estimates noted above. For example, large tanks may require up to 80,000 liters of working solution, meaning that 3200 liters of Pinkwater would be needed for a 4% solution. Effluent from treatment with Pinkwater can be discharged to a local POTW or wastewater treatment facility, subject to local regulations. ALWAYS ASSESS THE GENERAL CONDITION OF THE TANK BEFORE COMMENCING WORK AND ESTIMATE THE QUANTITY RESIDUAL PRODUCT TO BE PROCESSED. VERIFY THE LOCATION OF TANK SUMP AS THIS IS THE MOST LIKELY LOCATION FOR COLLECTING EFFLUENT. BEFORE ENTERING A TANK CHECK ATMOSPHERE WITH AN EXPLOSION METER. USE APPROPRIATE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPME NT. BioSolve Pinkwater is listed on the US EPA’s NCP Product Schedule. This listing DOES NOT mean that EPA approves, recommends, licenses, certifies or authorizes the use of BioSolve Pinkwater on any oil discharge. This listing means only that data has been submitted to EPA as required by Subpart J of the National Contingency Plan, 300.915. This material is made available for use by professionals or persons having proper technical skills to be used at their own discretion. The statements made herein are guidelines only and may require modification to site specific conditions. Nothing contained herein is a warranty or is to be taken as a license to use without proper authority. Pinkwater should always be used in accordance with all Federal, State and Local rules and regulations.

Selected Project ExperienceTank and Pipeline Cleaning & Degassing

2011 ‐ 2013

URS

Selected Tank & Pipeline Cleaning Projects (2011 – 2013)

Location Owner Facility Contents Size Contractor Project Type

New Jersey Paulsboro  Oil refinery Gasoline 105 ft Allstate PV Degassing for manned entry

New Jersey Paulsboro  Oil refinery Benzene 72 ft Allstate PV Clean & degas for repairs

Canada NuStar Energy Terminal Condensate 150 ft Allstate PV Desludge & degas

Louisiana ExxonMobil Oil refinery Various Various Veolia ES Clean & degas

So. Carolina BP Petrochemical plant p‐xylene 170 ft BP Decontamination 

under tank

New Jersey Paulsboro  Oil refinery Light crude 130 ft na Cleaning & degassing

Indiana BP Oil refinery Naphtha 127 ft Veolia ES Cleaning & degassing

Kentucky Marathon Oil refinery Refined Products 220 ft Veolia ES Cleaning & degassing

Ohio BP Oil refinery Gasoline 157 ft Venture ES Cleaning

Georgia Georgia Pacific Pulp mill CST & Products 40 ft na Cleaning & degassing

Wyoming Chevron E&P operations Crude 100 ft (Hor) Redi‐Services Desludge & degas

Ohio na Fuel terminal Gasoline na Clean Harbors Degassing

New Jersey Colonial Pipeline Terminal Natural gas liquids

22 in. pipeline Colonial Pipeline

Clean and decontaminate line for removal

Selected Tank & Pipeline Cleaning Projects (continued)

Location Owner Facility Contents Size Contractor Project Type

Maryland Colonial Pipeline Fuel terminal Gasoline 90 ft. Colonial Pipeline Decontaminationunder tank

Alberta na Oil products Terminal Condensate 192 ft. Gibsons Degassing for manned 

entry

Ohio INEOS Petrochemicalplant Acrylonitrile na Graver Tank Degassing for manned 

entry

New Jersey Hess Refinery Gasoline 180 ft. Hess Degassing for manned entry 

Florida BP Terminal Gasoline 120 ft. FHG Reducing LELs comingfrom under tank

Montana ConocoPhillips Oil field Crude Oil 80 ft. ConocoPhillips Cleaning sludge from field storage tanks (5)

Michigan ConocoPhillips Crude oil processing Crude Oil 40 ft. ConocoPhillips Desludge and degas 

sour water tank

Canada NuStar Energy Terminal Crude 150 ft Allstate PV Desludge & degas

Kentucky Throntons Retail station Gasoline 6 in pipeline (annulus) Thorntons Clean and degas line 

for repairs

Texas BP Refinery Petrochemicals Na Specialized Maint Services

Process sewer gas scrubbing

Aruba Valero Oil refinery Distillates na NEWSCO Degassing

BioSolve®BioSolve®

Makes slop oilMakes slop oiltank bottomspumpablepumpable

BioSolve® was used in about a 1% solutionabout a 1% solution..

..through a 2500 psi pressure washer at 110° F

An operator inside the tankAn operator inside the tankapplied the warm water andBioSolve® solution so that..

..the sludge was reduced enough..

..to be pumped out..

..and sent to the coker.

The BioSolve Company 329 Massachusetts Avenue │ Lexington, MA 02420 USA +1 (800) 225-3909

Appl ication Information Sheet

Equipment Cleaning and Surface Washing

The performance of BioSolve Pinkwater for cleaning oil, grease and other hydrocarbons from hard surfaces is unmatched by other water-based, non-hazardous products on the market. Pinkwater’s proprietary formula aggressively “grabs” oil and grease from hard-to-clean surfaces and holds these contaminants in the cleaning solution. In most situations, surfaces are free of oily residue after a single wash and rinse.

Decontaminating and cleaning with Pinkwater helps maintain equipment in good working order, reduces unnecessary exposure to hazardous materials for workers and eliminates “slipping hazards” on surfaces. Furthermore, cleaning with Pinkwater minimizes regulatory requirements associated with handling and disposing of the hazardous solvents found in many other cleaners.

Pinkwater is mixed with water in solutions ranging from 2% to 6% concentrate, depending contaminants to be treated. The solution can be applied with standard pressure washing systems. When cleaning equipment or surfaces that are heavily contaminated, hot water may improve performance.

Independent Test Results

At TURI’s (Toxic Use Reduction Institute) Surface Cleaning Laboratory, Pinkwater’s effectiveness at removing oil, lubricant and grease was tested by immersing contaminated metal strips for 5-minutes in a stirred beaker filled with a 5% solution of Pinkwater at room temperature.

Cleaning effectiveness was 100% for oil, 99% for lubricant and 94% for grease. TURI notes that “higher temperatures and more agitation could improve the results.” Additionally, Pinkwater has undergone ASTM D930 testing on aluminum and was found to have no detrimental effects (no etching, no pitting, no accretions) beyond that of hot water

The Pinkwater Advantage

Aggressively tackles the most challenging cleanups with outstanding results

Leaves no oily residue on equipment, roadways, loading docks or factory floors

Easy to mix and apply with any standard pressure washer

Safe for workers and the environment

Diesel generator after cleaning with BioSolve Pinkwater

Diesel generator before cleaning

Since 1997, BioSolve Pinkwater has been listed as SW-20 in the EPA NCP Product Schedule. (This listing indicates only that data has been submitted to EPA as required by Subpart J of the National Contingency Plan 300.915.) For professional use at the user’s discretion and risk. Instructions provided herein are not intended for site specific applications. Do not use BioSolve Pinkwater without proper permits, approvals and authorization by appropriate regulatory agencies. Use in compliance with all federal, state, and local rules and regulations. For MSDS, application protocols or additional information contact The BioSolve Company.

The loading dock was caked with hydraulic oil and had a grotesque odor. Pinkwater worked brilliantly. When those guys were finished, it literally smelled clean.”

APPLICATION PROTOCOL 1. For all applications, assess site conditions

and determine where effluent will be collected. Consult local rules and regulations and obtain appropriate permits before flushing effluent into sewers, culverts or collection basins.

2. For equipment cleaning: Prepare equipment for power washing; protect areas that may be affected by water.

For surface cleaning: Examine surface integrity; take appropriate precautions if using on surfaces that may be adversely impacted by pressure washing.

3. Prepare a Pinkwater working solution by mixing concentrate with water in a poly tank or other suitable container to the desired concentration – usually 2% to 6%. For example, one 5-gallon pail added to 95 gallons of water will make a 5% working solution.

If a poly tank is unavailable, use an eductor or other in-line mixing system to produce the desired concentration of Pinkwater at the dispensing nozzle.

4. Apply BioSolve solution with a standard commercial pressure washer at the rate of 2 - 5 gpm and 2000 to 5000 psi depending on the severity of the contamination, the area to be cleaned and the condition of the surfaces being washed.

For heavily contaminated surfaces, a hot water system may improve performance

For horizontal surfaces, a power washer cowl is recommended to reduce “splattering” effluent

For unsealed, porous horizontal surfaces, such as concrete or asphalt, pretreating the contaminated area in advance of power washing may improve performance. Prior to pressure washing, apply Pinkwater solution directly to the contaminated areas and let stand up to one hour or until absorbed into the surface.

5. After cleaning with Pinkwater, rinse with clear water and let dry; repeat as required.

BioSolve Pinkwater is sold as a concentrate and must be diluted before use. Pinkwater contains a food-grade red fluorescent dye that allows detection during application. BioSolve Clear is available for applications that may be sensitive to the dye.

Surface cleaning with BioSolve Pinkwater following a tanker spill

When cleaning porous materials, “bleeding” may occur as contaminants continue to migrate to the surface; this may require additional treatments over a period of several months.