CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL

Caribbean Secondary Education Certificate

CSEC

Including 2007 amendments

MODERN LANGUAGES

SYLLABUS

Effective for examinations from May/June 2007

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05

Published in Jamaica by the Caribbean Examinations Council, 2010 © 2010, Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the author or publisher. Correspondence related to the syllabus should be addressed to: The Pro-Registrar Caribbean Examinations Council Caenwood Centre 37 Arnold Road, Kingston 5, Jamaica, W.I. Telephone: (876) 630-5200 Facsimile Number: (876) 967-4972 E-mail address: cxcwzo@cxc.org Website: www.cxc.org Copyright © 2008, by Caribbean Examinations Council The Garrison, St Michael BB14038, Barbados

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05

Contents

RATIONALE ................................................................................................................................................... 1 AIMS ................................................................................................................................................................. 1 - 2 GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE SYLLABUS......................................................................................... 2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE SYLLABUS .......................................................................................... 3 - 4 STRUCTURE OF THE EXAMINATIONS ............................................................................................... 4 WEIGHTING OF THE SKILLS.................................................................................................................... 4 PROFILE DIMENSIONS ............................................................................................................................... 5 SUGGESTED TIME-TABLE ALLOCATION ........................................................................................... 5 CERTIFICATION ...................................................................................................................................... 5 FORMAT OF THE EXAMINATIONS ...................................................................................................... 5 - 8 CONTENT .................................................................................................................................................... 9 - 31

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 3

The Modern Languages Syllabus (CXC 27/0/SYLL 96) was revised in 2005 for first examination in 2007.

Teaching is expected to commence on the revised syllabus in September 2005.

The amendments to the syllabus

are indicated by italics.

Please check the website, www.cxc.org for updates on CXC’s syllabuses.

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 4

♦ RATIONALE Language and communication are central to our everyday interactions. Global trends and technological advances have reduced distances, bringing nations and languages into our homes, connecting us with every part of the globe and increasing opportunities for trade, travel and employment. This syllabus will contribute to the development of the Ideal Caribbean Person as articulated by the CARICOM Heads of Government through the exploration of beliefs, values and behaviors, students develop respect for human life, cultural heritage and the environment thus enabling them to view the target culture from a perspective of informed understanding. Language must be seen as integrally linked to culture. The study of French and Spanish provides an opportunity for Caribbean students to develop an understanding and appreciation of the cultural and historical contexts of Caribbean societies. Students will acquire certain skills, attitudes and knowledge that will contribute to their growing understanding of themselves and their environment. Students develop multiple literacies and independent and critical thinking in the context of foreign language learning and in keeping with the UNESCO Pillars of Learning. The Modern Languages syllabus focuses on developing students’ ability to communicate in two of the languages in use in the Caribbean region. As students develop the competence to listen, speak, read and write in French and Spanish and interpret aspects of the culture in which the languages are embedded, they acquire the means to facilitate deeper interaction with our Caribbean neighbours. The topics selected for the syllabus reflect areas of interest to secondary school students. Language learning, therefore, provides an opportunity for students to compare their own experiences with those of their peers in Francophone and Hispanic Caribbean countries. In designing the syllabus care has been taken to ensure that it reflects current trends in the teaching and assessment of modern languages at the secondary level. Ultimately, students will be equipped to meet the needs of living, studying and working in a multilingual region and in a culturally and linguistically diverse world.

♦ AIMS The syllabus aims to: 1. encourage the acquisition of fundamental language skills needed to function successfully in practical everyday

situations requiring the use of the target language(s); 2. develop an understanding of the standard spoken and written forms of French and Spanish;

Syllabus for Examinations in Modern Languages

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 1

3. encourage communication in French and Spanish in a manner acceptable to native speakers;

4. encourage students to appreciate their own culture and those of their neighbouring Francophone and Hispanic countries;

5. develop a foundation for further study and the world of work.

♦ GENERAL OBJECTIVES OF THE SYLLABUS On completion of the syllabus, students should: 1. understand and respond appropriately to spoken French and Spanish from a variety of sources; 2. communicate orally in French and Spanish in everyday situations; 3. elicit and provide opinions and information; 4. express ideas and emotions; 5. read and understand material written in French and Spanish; 6. communicate appropriately and accurately in writing in French and Spanish; 7. develop insight into the cultures of the Francophone and Hispanic peoples of the region.

The General Objectives may be grouped under the following headings: 1. RECEPTIVE

On completion of the syllabus, students should:

(i) understand the language as spoken clearly and simply; (ii) understand the language as written in selected or adapted texts.

2. PRODUCTIVE

On completion of the syllabus, students should speak and write the language in a manner that is understood by the native speaker.

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♦ SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE SYLLABUS

Students should be able to: 1. respond appropriately to spoken forms of French and Spanish in everyday situations, for example, questions and

directions; 2. identify the main points of a conversation and a continuous passage; 3. use appropriate pronunciation and intonation when reading in French and Spanish; 4. respond appropriately to simple written statements and instructions in French and Spanish in everyday

situations, for example, questions and directions; 5. answer questions based on a continuous passage or dialogue, factual reports, written explanations, or other

graphic stimuli; 6. respond appropriately to written material in French and Spanish using everyday situations; 7. give explanations, directions and descriptions;

8. request explanations, directions and descriptions;

9. participate in conversations based on everyday topics;

10. respond orally in everyday situations in a manner acceptable to native speakers;

11. express ideas at a level of linguistic accuracy acceptable to a native speaker;

12. write simple information and statements related to practical everyday situations;

13. write simple information and statements relevant to students’ experiences;

14. express ideas and opinions in continuous writing in French and Spanish, for example, in compositions, letters and dialogues.

♦ STRUCTURE OF THE EXAMINATIONS

The Modern Languages Syllabus provides for examination at the General Proficiency level.

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 3

♦ WEIGHTING OF THE SKILLS The General Proficiency examination, places the emphasis on the production of the language and the ratio of Productive skills: Receptive skills is 58:42.

♦ PROFILE DIMENSIONS The Receptive and Productive skills will be examined under four Profile Dimensions: Listening, Reading, Speaking, and Writing. These profiles will indicate the following types of performance: Listening - the ability to demonstrate comprehension of meaning conveyed through

oral/aural stimuli. Reading - the ability to demonstrate comprehension of meaning conveyed through pictorial

or written stimuli. Speaking - production of spoken language in response to oral, aural or written stimuli. Writing - production of the written language in response to written and/or pictorial stimuli.

♦ SUGGESTED TIME-TABLE ALLOCATION It is recommended that a minimum of five 40-minute periods per week should be allocated to the coverage of the syllabus in the last two years of study.

♦ CERTIFICATION For the General Proficiency examination, in addition to the overall grades, a report will be given on the four profile dimensions.

♦ FORMAT OF THE EXAMINATIONS GENERAL PROFICIENCY Paper 01 (1 hour 20 minutes)

A 60-item Multiple Choice test in two Sections at the General Proficiency level.

PART A – Listening Comprehension (30 Items) Sections 1 – 4: Similar format to that of the Basic Proficiency examination. However,

all of the questions in Section 4 will be different from those of Basic Proficiency.

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PART B – Reading Comprehension (30 Items) Sections 1 – 4: Similar format to that of the Basic Proficiency examination. However,

all the questions will be different from those of Basic Proficiency.

Paper 02 (2 hours 15 minutes)

A written paper in four sections. All sections are compulsory.

Section 1: Requires candidates to provide written responses in the target language to a series of situations described in English.

Section 2: Requires candidates to choose one of the following:

(i) an informal letter of about 130-150 words to be written in the target language; OR

(ii) a composition of about 130-150 words to be written in the target language.

Section 3: Requires candidates to choose one of the following:

(i) a contextual announcement of between 80-100 words which requires candidates to complete information using cues in English; or

(ii ) a contextual dialogue of between 80-100 words which requires candidates to complete information using cues in English.

Section 4: Requires candidates to answer questions in English based on a Reading Comprehension passage in the target language.

Paper 03 (10-15 minutes per candidate)

An oral examination in the target language in three sections.

Section 1: Requires candidates to respond orally to situations and/or instructions given in English.

Section 2: Requires candidates to read a passage aloud.

Section 3: Requires candidates to participate by responding to 4 questions on each of four topics. These questions will be different from those of Basic Proficiency.

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Weighting of Skills to be Assessed Weighting Table: General Proficiency

Paper

Section

Mark Allocation

Total Marks

(%) Receptive Productive

Listen Read Speak Write Paper 01 1 30 60

(25) 2 30 Paper 02 1 30

(42)

2 30 3 20 100 4 20

Paper 03 1 25 (33) 2 10 80

3 20 25

Marks 50 50 60 80 240 % Per Profile 21 21 25 33 100 (100)

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♦ CONTENT The syllabus content at pages 8 to 19 has been organised around three main concepts: Functions and Notions, Settings and Topics and Grammar and Lexis. These form the headings for three parallel columns, which should NOT be considered separately. In the Syllabus, emphasis is placed on the students’ ability to use the target language in a functional way. Therefore, the basic functions needed for communication are identified. It is intended that these functions should be the core of the instructional planning process. Functions, however, are performed in particular contexts and, therefore, the settings in which the functions are likely to be performed are identified. The last column provides some examples of the relevant grammar and vocabulary. However, these are not exhaustive as they are intended to be examples only. This approach used in organising the syllabus seeks to shift attention away from a purely structural approach to a more communicative one. It is expected that students following this syllabus will be able to carry out these functions in the target language. A brief summary of the core topics and the tenses, which students are expected to know, follows. These lists are intended to be a reminder of the basic knowledge to be acquired by the student and should not be used in isolation from the rest of the syllabus. I. Oral Examinations

Candidates should be able to carry out guided conversations based on the following topics: (a) Home and Family (b) School and Career (c) Sports and Recreation (d) Daily Routines (e) Shopping (f) Travel

II. Use of Tenses and Moods

Candidates should be able to use the following tenses and moods as they are relevant to particular functions:

Tense

French Spanish

Present Present Future Imperfect Perfect

Present Continuous Future Preterite

Pluperfect *Past Historic

Imperfect Past Continuous

Conditional Present Perfect Pluperfect Conditional

*For recognition at General Proficiency only.

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Moods French Spanish Indicative Indicative Imperative Imperative Infinitive Infinitive The Present Subjunctive **Present Subjunctive *Imperfect Subjunctive**

Voice Active Voice, Passive Voice

*For recognition at General Proficiency only

ESTABLISHING AND MAINTAINING SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS

FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH Greetings and responses In the classroom, in public

places, at home. Bonjour / Bonsoir.

Salut, ça, va? Quoi de neuf? Très bien, merci. A vous aussi/A vous de même.

Buenos días. ¿Que tal?/ ¿Como te va?/ ¡Hola! ¿Qué pasa? ¿Qué hay de nuevo? Muy Bien Igualmente.

Farewells

In the classroom, in the home, in the street, in social situations, at the airport, at the train station.

Au revoir, A bientôt/ à tout à l’heure / à plus tard. Bonne nuit / Bon voyage.

!Hasta la vista! !Hasta luego! Adios Vaya con Dios!

Introductions

Amongst peers, younger to older, female to male, less distinguished, to more distinguished.

Je te/vous présente. C’est …. Voici.

Le presento Quiero presentar Este es ….

Addressing persons

On formal and social occasions, in public places, in the classroom, in the family, telephone conversations.

Monsieur, Mon cher, Mon copain, Mon ami. Mon vieux, Chéri.

Señor, Compañero, Don, Doña Mi amigo.

Beginning and ending of letters From the country of the target Cher + prénom. Estimado amigo,

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FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH

language to the home country and vice versa, excuses, invitations.

Mon cher, Je vous embrasse Amitiés/ A bientôt/ Bien des choses / Ecris-moi vite. Grosses bises.

Querido, Un abrazo de tu amigo/ Con cariño Besos y abrazos/ Cariños y saludos de.

Holiday Greetings

At Christmas, New Year, Easter.

Joyeux Noël, Bonne Année Bonne fête Bonnes vacances Meilleurs voeux, Joyeuses Pâques

Feliz Navidad/ Feliz Año Neuvo/ Próspero año nuevo/Felices Pascuas.

Birthday wishes and other greetings for other festive days/celebrations

At home, in the street, at fêtes Bon anniversaire Bonne fête des Mères,

Feliz cumpleaños Feliz día de Madres.

Toasts

Dinners, Weddings, Flag-raising ceremonies, State visits.

Vive………..! Que………..! A votre/ta santé!

!Qué viva……! !Salud!

Thanking, expressing gratitude

Letter, social situations. Merci Je vous remercie Je vous (t') en prie Je vous suis reconnaissant(e) Etre obligé Merci bien/ beaucoup ll n'y a pas de quoi. De rien

Muchas gracias Mil gracias De nada No hay de que

Apologising At home, at school, at work

and other public places. On the telephone, in letters.

Etre désolé de, S'excuser de, Pardon!

Me disculpo Siento Lo siento, ¡Perdone!

Expressing regret and disappointment

At home, at school, at work, in other social situations.

Je suis déçu(e) de Je regrette que + subj. Je te plains. Pardon! Tant pis Quel dommage!/ Hélas C'est dommage.

Lo siento mucho ¡Qué lástima!

Congratulations On passing an examination; on

winning a prize/contest; on a fine performance in sports, games, dances and other activities.

Je vous félicite! Félicitations! Bravo!

¡Le felicito! ¡Te felicito! ¡Felicitaciones! ¡Felicidades!

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 9

FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH Expressing good wishes On undertaking a venture. Bonne chance!

Bon courage! Je vous/ te souhaite Bon séjour.

¡Buena suerte! ¡Que le vaya bien! ¡Que te vaya bien!

Expressing Sympathy and Condolences

On the occasion of a death, illness and misfortune.

Condoléances! Mes plus sincéres condoleances. (Toutes) mes condoléances.

¡Mi más profundo pésame! ¡Te acompaño en tus sentimientos!

Calling attention In the home, in school, in the

street and other public places. Attention!

Tiens! Hé! Ecoute! Venez/Viens voir Pardon, monsieur S'il vous plaît… Au secours! Au voleur!

¡Cuidado! ¡Mira! ¡Dios mío! ¡Qye! ¡Ojo! ¡Hola!

Expressing requests All settings and topics. Vouloir/aimer bien.

Aimeriez-vous? Voulez-vous? Veuillez Voudriez-vous? S'il te/vous plait

Querer Quisiera Hágame el favor Tenga la bondad de Por favor.

Inviting All settings and topics. Vouloir

Je voudrais Cela me plairait S'il n'y a pas d'inconvénient

Querer, Quisiera Invitar a Gustar si no te conviene, si no tiene inconveniente.

2. GIVING, SEEKING AND RESPONDING TO INFORMATION

FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS SETTINGS AND TOPICS GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH Identifying In the home, in school, in

stores and banks, in restaurants/ hotels/ airports/train stations/ports, in the city, in the country.

Etre Qu'est-ce que c'est? C'est, ce sont. Est-ce que c'est? Etes-vous mécanicien? A qui

Ser ¿ Qué es? Es/son. ¿ Qué es esto? ¿Es Vd. mecánico?

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 10

FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH est le livre? ll est français? ll s'appelle….. Ta maison, c'est laquelle? Je suis le cadet/l'aîné.

¿De quién es el libro? ¿El es venezolano? El se llama… ¿Cuál es tu casa? Yo soy el menor/mayor.

Completing an application form

Offices, embassies, educational institutions, job locations.

Nom Adresse Âge Date et lieu de naissance

Nombre Dirección Edad Fecha y lugar de nacimiento.

Describing Description of persons, places,

things. ll y a

C'est le premier/dixième Une voiture bleue Un vieil homme Une femme mariée

Hay Primero a décimo Un buen muchacho Un hombre rico Una mujer casada

Describing how things are done

All settings and topics.

Bien Vite Lentement Avec soin Sans hésiter ll est sorti en courant *Fini le repas….

Bien Rápido Lentamente Con cuidado Sin vacilar Salió corriendo Terminada la comida.

Describing weather, time, season

Temperate and tropical places. ll pleut ll fait beau au clair de lune ll est midi ll est deux heures Tôt Tard Ce mois Cette année Ce matin Aujourd'hui Hier, cette nuit La semaine prochaine La semaine dernière L'année prochaine L'année dernière ll y a deux ans ll attend depuis deux

Llueve Hace buen tiempo Hay luna Es mediodía Son las dos Temprano Tarde Este mes Este año Esta mañana Hoy Ayer Anoche Hace dós días que espera Hace dos días que esperaba Me voy el lunes

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FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH jours ll attendait depuis deux jours Nous rentrons tôt le lundi Je pars lundi On se verra dans deux jours

Voy a la iglesia los domingos

Au printemps, à tout

à l‘heure

En été.

La saison sèche /le carême La saison des pluies/l'hivernage Un cyclone Un ouragan

En el verano El verano El invierno El ciclón El huracán La estación lluviosa/seca

*For General Proficiency only Narrating

Imaginative and personal incidents.

L'argent a été volé On a volé l'argent La porte s'ouvre ll allait tomber Elle venait de manger quand… ll a décidé de faire ll voulait faire

El dinero fue robado Se robó el dinero Robaron el dinero El iba a caer Acababa de comer cuando… Decidió hacer Quería ir a casa

Quantifying and listing In shops, hotels, markets,

supermarkets, in the home, in schools and other public places.

Je voudrais de la viande/du beurre/des oranges Je ne veux pas de lait En voilà une De la monnaie?...je n'en ai pas Un … un million Je fais chimie, boilogie, français espagnol… Deux kilos de … Un litre de Une bouteille de Combien de? Beaucoup de Bien des Trop de Assez de Aucun

Quisiera carne Uno..a un millón Estudio la quîmica, la biologîa, el español Dos kilos de… Un litro de… Una botella de… ¿Cuántos? Mucho Demasiado Bastante Ninguno

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 12

FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH Locating All settings and topics. Au/à la

Sur Dans Contre, à côté de Au fond de/autour de L'Afrique L'Europe Le Canada Le Sénégal La France La Martinique Les Etats-unis La Havane Le Havre

Sobre, en, al lado de Alrededor de La Argentina El Perú El Canadá Los Estados Unidos La Habana

Chez moi, vers, en

haut, tout droit, là-bas, à gauche, à droite, au nord/ nord- ouest, au sud/ au sud-est, À l'ouest, dans le nord de

Hacia arriba Hacia abajo Todo derecho A la derecha A la izquierda Al norte/noreste Al sur/sudeste

Questioning and Inquiring All settings and topics. Quoi?

Lequel? Où? Pourquoi? Quand? Comment? Que? N'est-ce pas?

¿Qué? ¿Cuál? ¿Dónde? ¿Por qué? ¿Cómo? ¿Quién? ¿No sé si… Me pregunto? ¿verdad?

3. EXPRESSING OPINIONS

FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS SETTINGS AND TOPICS GRAMMAR AND LEXIS FRENCH SPANISH

Expressing agreement and disagreement

All settings and topics ne..pas ne..que, seulement Ni…non plus Ne without pas Pas without ne

No. No más de/que, solamente Ni…tampoco Equivocarse Tener razón

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FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH Avoir raison/tort Oui, si, mais si. Non, mais non. Pas question.

Sí, no. ¡De ninguna manera!

Entendu, bien sûr. être d'accord Etre d'accord avec qqn Etre d'accord pour Croire, penser, voir Entendre

¡Nunca! ¡Bueno! Estar de acuerdo con Creer, ver parecer

Expressing confirmation and denial

All settings and topics ll est évident que ll n'y a pas de doute que. ll ne fait aucun doute J'estime que.. Je sais que Je pense que Nier C est faux

Es claro que No hay duda que Creo que… Sé que … Negar.

Expressing possibility, doubts, disbelief, conjecture, certainty, uncertainty

All settings and topics Pouvoir Peut-être Impersonal expressions Etre sûr/certain Mais bien sûr! Certainement! Sans doute! Absolument!

Poder Tal vez, quizás acaso Impersonal expressions Estar seguro ¡Seguramente! Sin duda! ¡Por supuesto!

Expressing opinions Je pense que

Je crois que Je dirais Ça se dit A son avis, selon/ d'après.

Creo, pienso, me parece A mi parecer En mi opinion

4. EXPRESSING EMOTIONS, ATTITUDES AND OTHER RESPONSES

FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS SETTINGS AND TOPICS GRAMMAR AND LEXIS FRENCH SPANISH

Expressing approval, happiness, liking, satisfaction, disapproval, dislike, dissatisfaction

All settings and topics Vouloir, désirer aimer être bien, être content de approuver, plaire à, satisfaire

Gustar, estar bien estar contento con, de Satisfacer No tener

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FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH Allez! Chouette Zut alors! C'est bon C'est bien ne pas aimer détester Être contre/ désapprouver

inconveniente ¡Dale!/ ¡Qué asco!

Expressing preference All settings and topics Préférer/aimer mieux Preferir, gustar más,

más que, menos que.

Expressing interest, lack of interest

All settings and topics Negation. Impersonal expressions Plaire à être intéressé par S'intéressér à Avoir envie de

Negation Impersonal expressions Tener interés en Interesarse en Quisiera

Expressing surprise All settings and topics S'étonner de

Etre surpris être étonné Surprendre Ça m'étonne que + subjunctive Ça ne m é C'est étonnant/ surprenant Quelle surprise Ça alors!

Estar sorprendido ¡Qué sorpresa! ¡ Qué alegría!

Expressing hope All settings and topics Penser, espérer,

compter, vouloir N'est-ce pas?

Esperar, pensar Que + subjunctive

Expressing worry, fear All settings and topics The expletive Ne

Avoir peur, craindre de + infinitive, craindre que + subjunctive S'inquiéter, se soucier. Oh là là!

Temer, tener miedo

Insisting All settings and topics Insister sur/pour que Insistir en,

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FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH + subjunctive Avoir l'intention de Répéter

Pensar + infinitive Repetir Deber

Devoir Savoir Rappeler ll faut + infinitive ll faut que + subj. ll est nécessaire que + subj.

Saber Hay que + infinitive Hace falta Necesita

Expressing want, wish, desire All settings and topics Désirer

Chercher Avoir besoin de Aimer Vouloir Tenir à ll me faut Avoir la bonté de

Desear Buscar Querer Tener ganas de Necesitar

Expressing willingness All settings and topics Vouloir bien

Voulez-vous…? Volontiers Avec plaisir.

Querer Tener la bondad de Con gusto

Granting/seeking permission All settings and topics Permettre à .. de

Dire à … de Donner la permission à … de D'accord Laisser Demander la permission Faire une demande Pouvoir Permettez-moi Je me permets de S'il vous plaît

Permitir Dejar Dar permiso a Rogar Pedir Poder Permítame Me permite + infinitive

Expressing obligation All settings and topics Devoir/ ll faut

ll faut que + subj: ll est nécessaire que + subj: Etre obligé de

Deber Hay que Necesita que Tener que

Expressing prohibition All settings and topics Défendre à … de

Interdire à ... de Arrêter de

Impedir Dejar de Evitar

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FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH Empêcher de Ne pas permettre

Prohibirse

ll est interdit de ll ne faut pas

Expressing commands, instructions, directions

All settings and topics Infinitives Negative infinitives Voulez-vous Question forms: positive and negative Imperatives S'il vous/te plaît

Infinitives Negative infinitives Tener la bondad Question forms: negative and positive Imperatives

Suggesting a course of action All settings and topics

1st person plural imperative Question forms Suggérer/proposer de Dire de Inviter à *Si + the imperfect tense Aller + infinitive Valoir la peine On y va? Pourquoi pas?

1st person plural imperative Question forms Sugerir/proponer ¿Qué te parece si …? Ir a + infinitive ¿Por qué no?

Advising All settings and topics Positive and negative

ll vaudrait mieux que + subj. Conseiller Donner des conseils ll vaut mieux Ça vaut la peine

Positive and negative Aconsejar Dar consejo Más vale Vale la pena

Warning All settings and topics Conditional or If

clauses Prévenir, avertir, alerter Exclamations: Attention!

Conditional or If clauses Avisar, prevenir Exclamations: ¡Cuidado! ¡Ojo! ¡Peligro!

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FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH Promising All settings and topics Aller + infinitive

Promettre. Offrir Donner la parole

Ir a + infinitive Prometer Ofrecer/ofrecerse Dar la palabra

Threatening All settings and topics Aller + infinitive

Menacer Conditional clauses Attention! Si tu continues à + inf…future

Ir a + infinitive Amenazar Conditional clauses

5. CONNECTIVES Time Sequence All settings and topics Puis, ensuite, alors,

finalement, enfin, d'abord, en premier lieu

Pues, luego, entonces, después, por lo tanto, así que.

Addition All settings and topics Et puis, ensuite, de

plus y, e, de ahí,

también, además Reinforcing All settings and topics En plus, de plus, en

outre, et encore, d'ailleurs

Además, es más, aun más, sobre todo

Similarity All settings and topics Aussi bien que,

comme, également Así como, tanto

como Introduction All settings and topics ll y avait une fois

ll était une fois Une fois Par un…jour

Había una vez Una vez

Summarising All settings and topics Bref, en tout, en gros,

en somme Cela va sans dire/ il va de soi Finalement

En breve, en resumen, al fin y al cabo A fin de cuentas

Result, consequence All settings and topics De sorte que (+ subj.)

ll résulte que Par conséquent, donc Clauses of consequence

De manera que De resultado. Por consecuencia/ por consiguiente/a consecuencia de. Clauses of

*For General Proficiency only

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 18

FUNCTIONS/NOTIONS

SETTINGS AND TOPICS

GRAMMAR AND LEXIS

FRENCH SPANISH consequence

Deduction, induction All settings and topics. Donc, ainsi, et ainsi

de suite Así, pues, por lo

tanto, por eso. Conclusion All settings and topics. Pour conclure,

finalement, en fin de compte, en conclusion

En conclusión, por fin, finalmente

Explication All settings and topics. C'est-à-dire,

autrement dit, Exprimer autrement Vouloir dire Signifier

Es decir, o sea, en otras palabras. Querer decir

Exemplification/illustration All settings and topics. Par exemple.

Et caetera Selon/d'après Citer Donner des exemples

Por ejemplo. etcétera Según Citar Dar ejemplos

Contrast and co-ordination All settings and topics Au contraire, quand

même, mais, d'un côté … de l'autre côté, de plus, donc, ou, ou bien et ne … ni … ni

Al contrario, pero, sino, por otra parte Y, e No … ni … ni

Replacement All settings and topics Sinon, au lieu de, à la

place de, en échange Pourtant, cependant, néanmoins. *Quoique/bien que + subj.

En lugar de, en vez de Sin embargo; no obstante, aún Aunque *Clauses of concession

*Clauses of concession

*For General Proficiency only

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 19

LIST OF CARIBBEAN WORDS SPANISH

A. NATURE

1. General Vocabulary 3. Flora (including fruit and vegetable) el aguacate - avocado el invierno - winter la anona - custard apple la invierna - rainy season el ayote/la calabaza - pumpkin la sequía - drought el bambú - bamboo el verano - dry season la berenjena - eggplant el barranco/la barranca - gully la caña de azúcar - sugar cane el cerro - hill el caimito - star apple - el camote - sweet potato - el chayote/el güisquil - cho cho 2. Fauna la ciruela Americana - golden plum - el frijol - bean el aguti - agouti la guayaba - guava la cabra/el chivo - goat el guineo - banana el caiman/el lagarto - alligator el limón - lime el camarón - shrimp el maíz - corn el cangrejo - crab la malanga - eddo la concha - shell el mango - mango el cotorro/el loro - parrot el mazapán - breadfruit la jagüilla/el quequeo - wild boar la naranja - orange la langosta - lobster el ñame - yam la lagartija - small lizard el ócorro - okra el tiburón - shark la papaya - pawpaw la tortuga - turtle la piña - pineapple el colibrí - humming bird el plátano - plantain el tamarindo - tamarind la toronja - grapefruit el tulipán - hibiscus el cocotero - coconut tree el banano - banana tree el mangotero - mango tree el aguacatero - pear tree el palmero - palm tree

B. COUNTRY AND INHABITANTS 1. Country 2. Inhabitants Anguilla - Anguilla el de Anguilla - Anguillan Antigua y Barbuda - Antigua and

Barbuda él de Antigua y Barbuda - Antiguan and Barbudian

Barbados - Barbados barbadiense - Barbadian Belice - Belize beliceño - Belizean Cuba - Cuba cubano - Cuban El Caribe - The Caribbean caribeño - Caribbean Dominica - Dominica dominicano - Dominica La Guyana

- Guyana guyanés - Guyanese

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 20

Country (cont’d) Inhabitants (cont’d)

La Guyana Francesa - French Guyana guyanés francés - Grench Guyanese Grenada - Grenada grenadiense/grenadine - Grenadian Guadalupe - Guadeloupe Guadalupense - Guadaloupean guadalupeño - Haití - Haiti haitiano - Haitian Jamaica - Jamaica jamaiquino - Jamaican jamaicano - Las Antillas - The West Indies antillano - West Indian Martinica - Martinique martiniqueño - Martinican martiniqués - Montserrat - Montserrat él de Montserrat - Montserratan La República Dominica - Dominican

Republic dominicano - Santo Domingan

San Cristóbal - St. Christopher/St. Kitts

Santa Lucía - St. Lucia él de Santa Lucia - St Lucian San Vicente - St. Vincent vicentino - Vincentian Surinam - Suriname surinamés - Surinamese surinameño - Trinidad y Tobago - Trinidad and

Tobago trinitario - Trinidadian

Islas Vírgenes - Virgin Islands el de las Islas Virgenes - Virgin Islander tobagonés - Tobagonian el mestizo - Mestizo el indio - Indian el indïgena - Native el mulato - Mulatto el criollo - Creole

C. HOME AND FAMILY 1. General la choza/champa - hut la hamaca - hammock 2. Food and Drink el arroz con frijoles - rice and beans el ají/chile/picante - hot pepper la empanada - patty made of fish

or meat el gazpacho - cold vegetable soup

el arepa - small bake made of corn flour

el taco - a crisp type of savoury

la paella - a rice dish with seafood

la tortilla - type of savoury pancake or roti. Varies in size and shape from country to country.

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 21

Food and Drink (cont’d)

El tamal - type of meat pie made of cornmeal dough

el ron - rum

D. OCCUPATION

la commadrona/la partera

- Midwife el finquero/el granjero - farmer

el pescador - Fisherman la canoa - canoe la azada - Hoe el machete - cutlass la red - Drawnet

E. RELIGION el espanto - evil spirit El hechicero/el brujo - obeahman el hechizo - Obeah Musulmán - moslem Hindú - hindoo, East

Indian El vudú - voodoo

el curandero - bush doctor cristiano - christian

F. SOCIETY AND POLITICS el Banco Caribeño de Desarrollo

- Caribbean Development Bank

la comunidad caribeña - CARICOM

el tercer mundo - Third World la mancomunidad - Commonwealth el partido político - Political Party

G. CULTURE El Carnaval - carnival La bomba - Puerto Rican Dance La corrida de toros - bullfighting El Merengue - Popular Dance in the

Spanish Caribbean El Ría de la raza - Columbus Day La Misa del Gallo - Midnight Mass (New

Year’s Eve Night) El Día de los Santos - The Day of the

Dead La Navidad - Christmas

El Día del Santo La Fiesta de los Reyes Magos (Spain)

- -

Saint’s Day celebration of the three wise men; (the day Christmas presents are exchanged in Spain)

La Nochebuena Jai-alai or pelota La Siesta

- - -

Christmas Eve Ball games (Spanish and Cuban) Spanish custom of resting in the afternoon

Festejar - to celebrate El nombre compuesto - compound name El Noviazgo - Courtship

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 22

El Flamenco - a typical Spanish

dance El Velorio

- Wake

La Salsa - A Latin American Dance

Jugar la piñata - to play the piñata El Viernes Santo - Good Friday

La Pascua - Easter El villancico

- Christmas Carol

La quinceañera

- 15th birthday celebration

La Semana Santa - Holy Week

A. TECHNOLOGY 1. Communication La computadora - Computer El fax, telegax - fax El ordenador - La tarjeta telefónica - phone card La computadora de mesa - personal computer El contestador

Automático - an answering machine

La computadora personal - El teléfono portatil - portable telephone La computadora portátil - Laptop Juego de computadora - computer games La informática, - computer studies La computación - El programador - computer

programmer

2. Electronics La cablevision La television por cable

- cable television El reproductor de compact-disc

- CD player

La antenna parabólica - satellite dish El walkman - walkman El magnetoscopio El video

- VCR El videojuego - video game

El mando a distancia - remote control la máquina vendedora - vending machine El control remoto La tarjeta de crédito - credit card El disco compacto CD El cellular cellular telephone El compact-disc

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 23

LIST OF CARIBBEAN WORDS FRENCH

A. NATURE

1. General Vocabulary L'anse (f) - Bay le morne - hill le carême - dry season le piton - piton le cyclone - cyclone, hurricane la ravine - gully l'hivernage (m) - the rainy season la sécheresse - drought 2. Fauna L'agoutí (m) - agouti le crabe - crab L'anolis (m) - small lizard la crevette - shrimp le cabri - goat le lambi - conch le caïman - alligator la langouste - crayfish, spiny lobster le cochon marron - wild boar le lézard/le maboya - lizard le colibri - hummingbird la mangouste - mongoose le coquillage - shell le perroquet - parrot 3. Flora (including fruit and vegetable) l'ananas (m) - pineapple le gombo - okra l'aubergine (f) - eggplant la goyave - guava l'avocat (m) - avocado pear l'hibiscus (m) - hibiscus l'avocatier - pear tree l'igname (f) - yam le bambou - bamboo le maïs - corn la banane - banana (ripe) la mangue - mango la banane verte - plantain le manguier - mango tree la banane mûre - banana le manioc - cassava le bananier - banana tree le maracoudja - passion fruit la bougainvillée - bougainvillea la noix de coco - coconut la calebasse - calabash l'orange (f) - orange la canne à sucre - sugar cane le palmier - palm tree le chou caraïbe - coco yam le pamplemousse - grapefruit la christophine - cho cho la papaye - pawpaw le citron vert - lime la patate (douce) - sweet potato le cocotier - coconut tree la pomme cannelle - sweet sop, sugar apple le corossol - soursop la pomme cythère

le pois d'angole - june plum, golden apple

la figue - banana le pois congo - congo (gungo) pea, pigeon pea

le flamboyant - poinciana la sapotille naseberry, sapodilla le fruit à pain - breadfruit

B. COUNTRY AND INHABITANTS 1. Country 2. Inhabitants Anguilla - Anguilla Anguillais - Anguillan Antigue et Barbuda - Antigua and

Barbuda Antiguais/un originaire de

Barbuda - Antiguan and Barbudan

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 24

Country (cont’d) Inhabitants (cont’d)

La Barbade - Barbados Barbadien - Barbadian Le Belize - Belize Bélizien - Belizean Cuba - Cuba Cubain - Cuban Les Caraïbes - The Caribbean Caraïbe/Caribéen - Caribbean La Dominique - Dominica Dominiquais - Dominican La Grenade - Grenada Grenadien - Grenadian Le Guyana - Guyana Guyanais - Guyanese La Guyane Française - French Guyana Guyanais - French Guyanese St-Vincent Les Grenadines

- St Vincent The Grenadines

St-Vincentien - From St. Vincent and the Grenadines

La Guadeloupe - Guadeloupe Guadeloupéen - Guadeloupean Haïti - Haiti Haïtien - Haitian Les lles Vierges - Virgin Islands Originaire des lles Vierges - From the Virgin Islands La Jamaïque - Jamaica Jamaïquain - Jamaican Les Antilles - The West Indies Antillais - West Indian La Martinique - Martinique Martiniquais - Martinican Montserrat - Montserrat Montserratien - Montserratian Nevis, Nièves - Nevis Névisien - Nevisian La République Dominicaine

- The Dominican Republic

Dominician

- Santo Domingan

St-Christophe - St. Kitts Kitticien - Kittician Ste-Lucie - St. Lucia St-Lucien - St. Lucian Le Surinam - Suriname Surinamais - Surinamese La Trinité et Tobago - Trinidad and

Tobago Trinidadien - Trinidadian

Les îles Turques et Caiques

- The Turks and Caicos Islands

une câpresse - Black woman with straight hair

chabin(e) - person with fair skin and curly hair

un mulâtre - Mulatto

C. HOME AND FAMILY 1. General 2. Clothes la case - hut le bacoua - Martinican straw hat le hamac - hammock le foulard - scarf le madras - bandana head dress 3. Food/drink and the kitchen (for more details, cf, for example, La Cuisine

Créole, publ. Emile Desormeaux)

les acras (m) - Fritters le thym - thyme le boudin - black pudding le blaff - fish soup, fish stew le canari - earthenware pot le calalou - vegetable stew

with okras, spinach. la cassave - bammy, cassava

bread le cari/le curry - curry

le colombo - curry (dish) la ciboulette - scallion, chive le mabi - Mauby le gingembre - ginger

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 25

la morue - codfish le mortier - mortar le pilon - pestle piler - to pound le punch - drink made with

rum le piment - hot (country) pepper

D. OCCUPATION 1. Farmer – Fermier 2. Fisherman – pêcheur le coutelas - Cutlass la pirogue - canoe la houe - Hoe la seine - drawnet la machette - machete

E. RELIGION hindou - Hindu la magie - witchcraft musulman - Moslem le quimbois - obeah, charm, spell

Le quimboiseur - obeahman le vaudou - voodoo le zombi - Zombi(e), evil

spirit

F. SOCIETY AND POLITICS départment d'outre-mer (D.O.M)

- overseas department (of France) for example, Martinique, Guadeloupe

métropolitain - persons from the metropolitan countries (for example, France)

la banque caraïbe du développement

- Caribbean Development Bank

le tiers-monde - Third World

G. CULTURE célébrer - to celebrate la messe de minuit - Midnight mass

une fête - a saint’s day, name

day le réveillon de Noël / du

Nouvel An - Christmas Eve / New

Year’s Eve dinner / party Noël - Christmas

la veille de Noël - Christmas Eve

l’arbre de Noël / le sapin de Noël

- Christmas tree

le jour de l’An - New Year’s Day

la bûche de Noël - Yule log ( a cake shaped and decorated to look like a log)

l’Épiphanie, le 6 janvier - Epiphany

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 26

un chant de Noël - a Christmas carol la fête des rois / le jour des

rois - Twelfth night, Epiphany

la galette des rois - a cake filled with almond paste with a small figurine or charm ( une fève) hidden in it. Whoever finds the charm is crowned king or queen

Mardi Gras - Shrove Tuesday, the day before Ash Wednesday and the last day of carnival celebrations.

le Carnaval - carnival le mercredi des cendres - Ash Wednesday un char - carnival float vendredi saint - Good Friday un défilé - procession Pâques - Easter

un déguisement - a disguise le lundi de Pâques - Easter Monday la semaine sainte - Holy week la fête du travail, le

premier mai - Labour Day

la chasse aux crabes - crab hunting (crab

is eaten during the Easter season in the French West Indies)

le 22 mai - the day marking the abolition of slavery (l’abolition de l’esclavage) in Martinique.

le 14 juillet, la fête nationale

- Bastille Day, the French national day

un feu d’artifice - fireworks

la Marseillaise - the name of the French national anthem ( l’hymne national).

la Toussaint, le premier novembre

- All Saints’ day. (A public holiday. People visit cemeteries and lay wreaths and flowers (often chrysantemums – des chrysanthèmes ) and candles on the graves of relatives and friends)

la fête des morts, le deux novembre

- All Souls’ Day le combat de coqs - cock fighting

le zouk - contemporary French West Indian dance and music

la biguine, la mazurka, la polka, la merengue

- French West Indian dances

H. TECHNOLOGY

1. Communication un ordinateur - a computer une télécarte (à mémoire) - a phone card un micro-ordinateur - personal computer un répondeur-enregistreur - an answering machine l'informatique (f) - computer science un téléphone portable - a portable telephone un programmeur - a computer

programmer un téléphone cellulaire - a cellular phone

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 27

un fax, une télécopie un téléfax

- fax

2. Electronics la télévision câblée - cable TV un jeu vidéo - a video game une antenne parabolique - a satellite dish un baladeur - a personal stereo,

walkman un magnétoscope - a VCR un four à micro-ondes - a microwave oven une télécommande - a remote control un distributeur

automatique - a vending machine,

an automatic teller machine

un disque compact - a compact disc une carte de crédit - a credit card une platine laser - a CD player Western Zone Office 2005/05/09

CXC 27/0/SYLL 05 28