sweden11
TRANSCRIPT
FreeBSD, ZFS, and FreeNAS
Dru LavigneDirector of Community Development, iXsystemsSweden, October 11, 2011
Agenda
Presentation: Quick bio Overview of FreeBSD (and PC-BSD) Overview of ZFS versions and their features Overview of FreeNAS & TrueNAS features
Demo: FreeNAS/TrueNAS
Q&A
Quick Bio
Trainer and curriculum developer for network and system administration since 1998
Author of BSD Hacks, Best of FreeBSD Basics, and Definitive Guide to PC-BSD
Lead documentation writer and editor of the PC-BSD Handbook and the FreeNAS Users Guide
Founder and chair of BSD Certification Group
Director at FreeBSD Foundation
FreeBSD
Overview:
Complete operating system based on Berkeley Unix
Available for i386, amd64, ia64, pc98, powerpc, and sparc64 architectures
Includes Linux binary compatibility for applications that are only available in binary format
FreeBSDAdvantages:
Licensed under 2-clause BSD license
Clear separation of BSD and non-BSD licensed code
All code and commit messages since Day 1 of the project are online (e.g. cvsweb.allbsd.org)
Clear separation between the operating system binaries/libs/config files and those that are installed by third-party applications
FreeBSDAdvantages:
Security Officer, security team, Security Advisories, and published EOL cycles
New code is committed to and tested on HEAD so that OS is production quality by the time it is RELEASEd: unified build system
Processes are documented in Developer's Handbook and it is possible to work with devs to have code committed (rather than maintaining own forked code)
FreeBSD
Advantages:
Large and active development community
Mature project (18 years) with an associated Foundation (11 years)
Well documented (FreeBSD Handbook and built-in man pages)
FreeBSD
Features:
UFS2 supports soft-updates, journaling, encryption (GBDE or GELI), software RAID 0, 1, 3, 5, filesystem snapshots, quotas,
ZFS supports RAID 0, 1, 3, RAIDZ1, RAIDZ2, snapshots and clones, quotas, compression
Support for FAT16/32, NTFS, XFS, EXT2/3 filesystems
FreeBSD
Features:
MAC, including some pre-defined modules
OpenBSM for fine-grained security event auditing
HAST for highly available storage
Jails for operating system-level virtualization
CARP for high availability, ALTQ for QOS, and lagg for link aggregation and failover
FreeBSDFeatures:
FreeBSD Update provides binary snapshots for upgrading to new releases as well as an easy way to apply system patches
VuXML allows you to keep up with security vulnerabilities on installed software
Dtrace for locating performance bottlenecks in production and pre-production systems
BHYvE for para-virtualization
PC-BSD
FreeBSD under the hood, but customized for desktop usage
Provides graphical installer and graphical front-ends to common configuration tasks and software management (both have scriptable back-end)
Video, sound, networking are pre-configured so should “just work” out of the box
PC-BSD9.0 Features:
Selection of fully integrated desktops
Control Panel
New back-end for AppCafe
Improved graphical networking management
Update Manager can now upgrade OS as well as apply security updates and upgrade software
PC-BSD
Plans for 9.1:
Advanced disk management front-end: for scheduling snapshots, scrubs, import/export, clone management, 4k sectors, file system tuning
Warden will be integrated into control panel and will provide an inmate browser
GUIs for managing sound devices, removable devices, and bluetooth devices
ZFS
128-bit filesystem designed to be a “self-healing” and to address hardware RAID issues with data integrity
Snapshots only store what has changed since last snapshot
Snapshots (which are ro) can be cloned (which are rw)
Can rollback system to a snapshot
ZFS
Uses ZIL (ZFS Intent Log) to manage writes. SSD ½ size of RAM can increase performance. Mirrored ZIL provides protection from data loss.
Uses L2ARC on-disk cache. Dedicated SSD may accelerate read operations, especially when some data is read repeatedly, and cannot fit in the system memory ARC cache. Loss of device will only slow down reads (no data loss).
http://www.solarisinternals.com/wiki/index.php/ZFS_Best_Practices_Guide
ZFS
RAIDZ1: equivalent to RAID5 without the write-hole
RAIDZ2: double-parity solution similar to RAID6
RAIDZ3: triple-parity solution
Caveats: resilvering takes time and can stress disks
ZFS
Versions:
15: FreeNAS 8.0.1
28: FreeBSD 9.0, TrueNASadds RAIDZ3, deduplication
30: Oracle has not open sourced (yet?)adds encryptionFreeBSD zfsd (ZFS fault monitoring andmanagement daemon) may address this
FreeNAS
8.x Series
Rewritten from a monolithic to a modular design
8.0 was released 5/11 with a focus on NAS core functionality
8.0.1 was released 10/11 and incorporates most features and many bug fixes
8.1, due out 12/11, will introduce plug-in architecture for addons
FreeNASProvides:
UFS and ZFS, with a focus on ZFS
Appletalk, NFS, and SMB protocols
FTP/SFTP, SSH, iSCSI, DDNS, SNMP
Replication via rsync, cron jobs, UPS
OpenLDAP, AD
Reporting, S.M.A.R.T, alerts
TrueNAS
Complete hardware solution (2U/4U) designed for enterprise use, includes one year support services
Supports Fusion-io high-IOPS ioDrive, Duo, and Octal cards, 10GbE expansion cards, and expansion JBODs
ZFSv28 (RAIDZ3, deduplication)
Active/Passive Failover using CARP
Resources
FreeBSD Handbook:
http://www.freebsd.org/handbook
PC-BSD Handbook:
http://wiki.pcbsd.org
FreeNAS Guide:
http://doc.freenas.org
Demo
Q&A
Contact:
URL to Slides:
http://slideshare.net/dlavigne/sweden11