sustaining biological diversity and ecological functions in the face of large-scale change: future...
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Sustaining Biological Diversity and Ecological Functions in the Face of Large-
scale Change: Future Challenges in Natural Resource Management.
Pat Leahy – Acting Director, U.S. Geological Survey
Matt Hogan – Acting Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
ChallengesU.S. Geological Survey
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Future
Two Bureaus, One Mission
What is the Future Challengesproject?
A USGS and FWS, future-oriented partnership in science-based conservation.
Partnership emerged from October 2003 meeting of USGS ExecutiveLeadership Team andFWS Directorate.
L to R, former USGS Director Chip Groat and former USFWS Director Steve Williams
Future Challenges project goal:To position USGS and FWS to
predict and respond to
significant challenges to
biodiversity and ecosystem
function over the next
15-20 years.
Ground-breakingscientific research has historically provided the basis for significant progress in addressing environmental challenges.
Rachel Carson J.N. ‘Ding’ Darling
It is our turn, and our responsibility, to build the scientific foundation that will support conservation leaders who come after us.
Today, significant future impacts to biodiversity and ecosystem function are predicted from:Invasive Species
Biotechnology
Climate Change
Water for Ecological Needs
Invasive Species:
Growing threat of invasive species to ecosystem function and native species conservation.
Globalization: Trade-Travel-Transport
Consequences of invasive species are environmental and economic.
Biotechnology:
A potential conservation tool, but genetic engineering can pose potential threats to ecological functioning that need to be assessed.
Can modern biotechnology support natural resource conservation?To better understand and manage populations?
To modify or manipulate organisms?
To determine effects of modified organisms on existing populations?
www.glofish.com
The New York Times Nov 22, 2003“Gene-Altering Revolution Nears the Pet Store: Glow-in-the-Dark Fish”
Nature Nov 27 2003GloFish casts light on murky policing of transgenic animals
Marketed without regulatory environmental review. FDA is lead authority.
First Transgenic Animal on U.S. Market
Climate Change:
2-4 degree C. increase in earth’s temperaturepredicted by end of 21st Century.
Global climate change of increasing interest in fish and wildlife conservation.
Water For Ecological Needs:
Scientists predict significant implications for aquatic resource conservation from changes in use and allocation of water.
Demand for ecosystem services is a major driver of changes in water allocations
Farming
Urban
Thermal
ThermalFarming
UrbanEcosystem
Future Challenge: Elevating ecosystem requirements in water-use planning
Old paradigm
Minimum flow Static channelSurface waterSingle species
New paradigm
Whole hydrographDynamic channelAnd ground waterBiological community
Invasive species
Biotechnology
Climate Change
Water for Ecological Needs
Given these identified future challenges to ecosystem function and sustainability, USGS and FWS must lay both a science and a management foundation for future generations of decision-makers and resource managers.
Overall Game Plan
Regional workshops and
reports – completed
National Listening Session
Final Report and Action Plan
Regional Workshops
Primarily to engage our employees
Held in Denver, Anchorage, Sacramento, and Atlanta
Results: Invasive Species
Be strategic: focus on species and habitats where USGS & FWS can make a difference. Increase use of FWS lands.
Emphasize research and management for detection, prevention and control efforts early in the invasion process.
Focus on understanding linkages between global change, biotechnology, and invasive species.
Results: BiotechnologyPlanning for the use of biotechnology in conservation should proceed due to great potential benefits, but with deliberation and great care.
Information exchange and broader partnerships with academia and industry are essential for success.
Risk assessment procedures and the need for policy changes must be addressed very soon.
Results: Climate Change
Develop and implement specific monitoring strategies tailored to effects on wildlife and habitats.
Focus planning and management efforts at the ecosystem level.
Rethink the design of reserves and protected areas.
Climate Change complicates planning for the other three challenges.
Results: Water for Ecological Needs
Place greater emphasis on whole systems approaches.
Improved systems understanding will allow resource managers to prioritize areas and develop strategies for vulnerable systems.
Need for predictive models of potential systems effects under different land/water management regimes.
Workshops’ Consensus: Importance of comprehensive monitoring programs
Need for systems-level understanding
Value of predictive modeling to guide proactive management actions
Need for effective risk assessment and management
National Listening Session
Planned for early 2006 in Washington, DC
Verify direction, elicit ideas, identify partners
Action Plan
Create a final plan to guide
broad partnership in science-based conservation over the next two decades.
Opportunity for Input
All are invited to meet later today to discuss why this Future Challenges effort is needed.
6:00 p.m. - 7:00 p.m.
Concourse Hotel, University AB