superior laryngeal neuralgia
DESCRIPTION
this is about superior laryngeal neuralgia diagnosis and treatment plan.TRANSCRIPT
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Superior laryngeal neuralgia
Reported by
O.R.Ganeshamurthi
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Introduction• The superior laryngeal nerve is a branch
of the vagus nerve. It arises from the middle of the ganglion nodosum and in its course receives a branch from the superior cervical ganglion of the sympathetic
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Introduction
• It descends, by the side of the pharynx, behind the internal carotid artery, and divides into two branches:
• external laryngeal nerve
• internal laryngeal nerve
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External laryngeal nerve
• Functions : tense the vocal cords by activating the cricothyroid muscle, increasing pitch.
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Role of cricothyroid muscle in phonation:
Contraction of cricothyroid muscle tilts the cricoid lamina backward at the cricothyorid joint causing lengthening, tensing and adduction of vocal folds causing an increase in the pitch of the voice generated.
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Internal laryngeal nerve
• Function : sensory branches to epiglottis, base of the tongue, and the epiglottic glands supply the mucous membrane surrounding the entrance of the larynx, and that lining the cavity of the larynx as low down as the vocal folds.
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What is Neuralgia ?
• Neuralgia is an acute pathological nerve condition characterized by an intense and frequent, yet intermittent pain that radiates along the length of one or more nerves.
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Axis 1physical conditions
Neuropathic pain
Episodic pain
Paroxysmal neuralgia
Superior laryngeal neuralgia
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Superior Laryngeal Neuralgia Causes of superior laryngeal nerve paralysis:
1. Surgical
2. Neurulogical (5-10%)
3. Oesophageal tumors
4. Trauma
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Causes of superior laryngeal nerve paralysis
5. Inflammatory
6. Infectious
7. Idiopathic (20-25%)
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Unilateral Superior Laryngeal Nerve Injury
• Loss of sensation to the supraglottic larynx can cause subtle symptoms such as frequent throat clearing, paroxysmal coughing, voice fatigue, vague foreign body sensations
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Bilateral Superior Laryngeal Nerve Injury
• Fortunately, it is rare. It can result in severe aspiration with subsequent pneumonia.
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Symptoms and Signs
• paroxysms of shock-like pain• pain radiates into the upper thorax or up
into the jaw• trigger zone is usually in the larynx;
attacks are precipitated by talking, swallowing, yawning, or coughing
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Symptoms and Signs
• patient might have hiccups, inspiratory stridor, excessive salivation, or coughing
• combination of glossopharyngeal and vagal as well as trigeminal pain has been reported
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Symptoms and Signs
About voice
1. Raspy voice2. Voice fatigue3. Volume deficit4. Loss of singing volume
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Diagnosis 1. History
* Typical complaints
* Character of a patient with
Superior Laryngeal Nerve
Injury
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Investigation
1. Vocal capabilities
Speaking voice
Yelling voice
Maximum phonation time
Pitch range
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Investigation
2 . Laryngeal Exam
Rigid laryngoscope
Flexible laryngoscope
Neck exam
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Treatment• Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis:
1) Speech therapy
2) Surgical medicalization
3) Intracordal injection
4) Selective reinnervation
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Treatment
• Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis:
1) tracheotomy
2) vocal cord lateralization
3) reinnervation
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Treatment
• pharmacologic treatment• Surgery
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Name : Aishwarya Rai
place : India
Miss World in 1994
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THANK YOU ALL