�Department of Music

� Instrumental� Session-2014-15

�BA.-2nd year

�Submitted by:

�Ms. Paramjeet Kaur

xedxedxedxedtks Loj vius Jqfr LFkku ij lEHkwr Nfo dks vU; Jqfr dh Nk;k rd igq¡pk ns og ^xed* dgykrk gSA xed

Lojksa dk ,d ,slk dEiUu gS] tks lquus esa e/qj vkSj fpÙk dks gj.k djs mls ^xed* dgrs gSa ia- 'kkjaxnso us xed ds fo"k; esa dgk gS&

^^^^^^^^LojLLojLLojLLojL; ; ; ; dEiksdEiksdEiksdEiks xedxedxedxed% % % % Jksrf̀praJksrf̀praJksrf̀praJksrf̀pra lqlqlqlq[[[[kkogakkogakkogakkoga%**%**%**%**

vFkkZr xed ,d ,slk Lojksa dk dEiUu gS tks fpÙk dks lq[k nsrk gSA xed ,d izdkj ls jkx dk vkHkw"k.k gSAlaxhr 'kkL=k esa xed 'kCn dk dkQh O;kid :i ls O;ogkj gqvk gSA dbZ izdkj ds vyadkj Hkh xed ds vUrxZr vkrs gSaA

dqN fo}kuksa us ^xed* ds lEcU/ esa vius fopkj bl izdkj ls izdV fx;s gSa&

^^^^^^^^Jhrf̀pUrLJhrf̀pUrLJhrf̀pUrLJhrf̀pUrL; ; ; ; lqlqlqlq[[[[knksknksknksknks xedxedxedxed% % % % LojdEiue~ALojdEiue~ALojdEiue~ALojdEiue~AXedXedXedXed% % % % LFkkLFkkLFkkLFkk; ; ; ; o.kkZ|ko.kkZ|ko.kkZ|ko.kkZ|k% % % % ukukukukukukukuk yadR̀;ydr̀kyadR̀;ydr̀kyadR̀;ydr̀kyadR̀;ydr̀k**AA**AA**AA**AA

vFkkZr Lojksa dk ,slk dEiu tks lquus esa e/qj gks ^xed* dgykrk gS] xed] LFkk;] o.kZ vkfn ls vyadr̀a gksrkgSA

Jh fuokl ds vuqlkj

^^^^^^^^fØ;kfØ;kfØ;kfØ;k fo'ks"kfo'ks"kfo'ks"kfo'ks"k tU;ks;LrntU;ks;LrntU;ks;LrntU;ks;Lrn ~/~/~/~/eksZaeksZaeksZaeksZa xedksxedksxedksxedks Hkosr~xe;fUrHkosr~xe;fUrHkosr~xe;fUrHkosr~xe;fUr fgrsjfDrafgrsjfDrafgrsjfDrafgrsjfDra ;;;;LekUrsLekUrsLekUrsLekUrs xedkxedkxedkxedk erkerkerkerk%**%**%**%**AAAA

mijksDr O;k[;kvksa ls Li"V gS fd ^xed* Lojksa dk ,d , slk dEiu gS tks lquus esa e/qj yxsA xed dk iz;ksx ~jkx esa gksrk gSA

vk/qfud dky esa ^xed* ,d fof'k"V vyadkj ds vFkZ esa O;ogkj esa vk;k gSA fdlh Loj dks mldks iwoZorhZvFkok ifjorhZ Loj ds vkJ; esa ,d ;k ,dkf/d mPpkj.k djus dh fo'ks"k fo|k dks ^xed* dgk tkrk gS ^xed* ds

izdkj bl izdkj ls gSa&

vkjksghvkjksghvkjksghvkjksgh xed&xed&xed&xed&lkjs jsx ei i/ bR;kfnA fofHkUu Lojksa ds Åij NksVs v{kjksa esa fy;s gq, Loj ewy Lojksa ds :in'kkZus dks vkjksgh ^xed* dgrs gaSA

vojksghvojksghvojksghvojksgh xed&xed&xed&xed&jsl xjs e x i x bR;kfn eq[; mPpkj.k esa js Loj dk mPpkj.k dj lk Loj ij foJke djuk

gksxkA ^js* Loj Li'kZ ek=k gSA 'kkjaîõ- nso jfpr laxhr jRukdkj esa ianzg izdkj dh xed crkbZ xbZ gSA

1111---- frfjfrfjfrfjfrfj;;;; & NksVs Me: dh Hkkafr lqUnj Loj dEiu dh nqr ek=kk dh ,d prqFkkZ'k xfr lEiUu gksrh gSA vFkkZr orZeku

esa ,d ek=kk esa }qr&pkj ok.kh fof'k"V dEiu tSls lk lk lk] js js js js bR;kfnA

2222---- LQqfjrLQqfjrLQqfjrLQqfjr&&&&}qr ek=kk dh ,d r̀rh;ka'k xfr esa lEiUu ,d ek=kk esa nzqr rhu fof'k"V dEiu tSls& lk lk lk] js] js js 3-bR;kfnA

3333---- dfEir&dfEir&dfEir&dfEir&nzqr ek=kk dh v/kZ'k xfr esa lEiUuA vFkkZr ,d ek=kk esa nqzr ,d ok.kh&fof'k"V dEiu tSls ll] jsjs] xx

bR;kfnA

4444---- yhu&yhu&yhu&yhu&nqzr ek=kk ds leku xfr esa lEiUuA vFkkZr ,d ek=kk esa nqzr nks&fof'k"V dEiu tSls l] js] x] e bR;kfnA

5555---- vkUnksfyr&vkUnksfyr&vkUnksfyr&vkUnksfyr&y?kq ek=kk dh xfr esa dfEirA vFkkZr nqzr ek=kk dh v/fla xfr esa lEiUu] v/Z ek=kk dh ,d

ok.kh&fof'k"V tSls l&js&x&bR;kfnA

6666---- ckfy&ckfy&ckfy&ckfy&ukukfof/ oØ;qr xfr esa fu"ikfnr dEiUu vFkkZr nqzry; esa ukuk izdkj dh ok.kh fefJrA tSls&lk lk lk x

x x] i i] js js] x x x] js lkA

7777---- f=f=f=f=kfHkUu&kfHkUu&kfHkUu&kfHkUu&dEiUu esa Loj rhu LFkkuksa ij gh vfoJkUr xfr lEiUu rhu LFkku dk vFkZ gS&ean] eè; vkSj rkjA tSls i

i i] lka lka lka] uh uh uh] / / /] x x x] / / /] uhuh] lk lk bR;kfnA

8888---- dqjydqjydqjydqjy&&&&;g cfy dh Hkkafr oØ gS fdUrq xzfUr ;qDr ,oa d.B LFkku ij fu"iUu vkSj dksey gksxkA tSls lklklk] x x

x] js x js] x js x x x e ee /i] /i e] xxu] jsx jsx jslkA

9999---- vkgr&vkgr&vkgr&vkgr&vxzxkeh Loj dks vk/kj ekudj tks Loj fu"iUu gksa tSls xjs] ex] bR;kfnA

10101010---- mYykflr&mYykflr&mYykflr&mYykflr&tks èofu mÙkjksÙkj ;Fkk Øe ls Lojksa ds lkFk pyrh gSA tSls&l js x e i / uhA

11111111---- Iykfor&Iykfor&Iykfor&Iykfor&cgqr ek=kk esa vFkkZr f=kek=kk&fof'k"V dEiu tSls&lk ¿¿¿ js ¿¿¿

12121212---- xqfEQr&xqfEQr&xqfEQr&xqfEQr&tks dEiu euksgkjh gqadkj ; qDr vkSj xEHkhj gksA tSls&x lk] iex ^lk* ls i rd ehM + xaHkhj vkSj

nh?kZ gksxkA

13131313---- eqfnzr&eqfnzr&eqfnzr&eqfnzr&tks dEiu eqag cUn djds fu"iUu gksA equ&xqu djds 'kCn fu"ikfnr gksaxsA14141414---- ukfer&ukfer&ukfer&ukfer&ftl xed ds Loj vojksg Øe ls ifj;kl gksrs gSa tSls&lkuh] uh/] /i] ie] ex bR;kfnA

15151515---- fefJr&fefJr&fefJr&fefJr&mfYyf[kr dbZ izdkj ds feJ.k ls tks mRiUu gksA tSls&lk lk lk] x x x] js js js] eeex] / / i i] js js x

x uh] / i e x js lk bR;kfnA

laxhr ifjtkr esa of.kZr 20 izdkj ds ^xed* uke bl izdkj ls fn, gSa&

1- P;for 2- dfEir 3- izR;kgr 4- f}jkgr 5- LQqfjr 6- vukgr 7- 'kkUr 8- frfji 9- ?k"kZ.k 10- vo?k"kZ.k 11- foo"kZ.k 12-

LoLFkku 13- vxzkoRFkku 14- drZjh 15- iqu% Lo&LFkku] 16- LQqV 17- uSEu; 18- lq

vfoZHkko&frjksHkkovfoZHkko&frjksHkkovfoZHkko&frjksHkkovfoZHkko&frjksHkko

jkx esa fofp=krk mRiUu djus ds fy;s dHkh&dHkh laxhrK vfoZHkko ,oa frjksHkko xq.k dk lgkjk ysrs gSaA jkx foLrkj

djrs le; og bl dq'kyrk ls fNi&lk tkrk gS] bl fØ;k dks ^frjksHkko* dgk tkrk gSA tcfd iqu% igys jkx ds Loj

leqnk; ysus ls izeq[k jkx esa okfil ykSV vkus dks ^vfoHkkZo* dgk tkrk Gsa

dq'ky xk;d&oknd fdlh Hkh jkx dk tc foLrkj djrs gSa rks dHkh&dHkh mlh jkx ls feyrs&tqyrs fdlh vU;leizdf̀rd&jkx ds NksVs&NksVs Loj leqnk; ysdj vU; jkx dh Nk;k fn[kkrs gSaA , slk djus ls Jksrkvks ds lEeq[k igyseq[;&jkx dh Nfo vks>y gksdj] vU; jkx dh Nk;k >ydus yxrh gS] vr% og ofp=krk dk vkuUn ysus yxrs gSaA ;gh

fLFkfr frjksHkko dgykrh gSA rHkh dqN gh le; ds ckn xk;d&o&oknd fQj ls igys jkx dk Lo:i Li"V djrk gS] rks

Jksrkx.k Hkh iqu% eq[;&jkx ds okrkoj.k dks eglwl djus yxrs gSaA ;g voLFkk vfoHkkZo dgykrh gSA FkksM+s 'kCnksa esa ,d jkxxkrs ;k ctkrs le; vU; jkx dh Nk;k vkus ls] ml jkx dk fNiuk frjksHkko rFkk iqu% mlh jkx esa ykSVuk vfoZHkko dgykrk

gSA

frjksHkko&vfoZHkkofrjksHkko&vfoZHkkofrjksHkko&vfoZHkkofrjksHkko&vfoZHkko dh ;g dh ;g dh ;g dh ;g izfØ;kizfØ;kizfØ;kizfØ;k HkhHkhHkhHkh nksnksnksnks

frjksHkkofrjksHkkofrjksHkkofrjksHkko&('kq¼&('kq¼&('kq¼&('kq¼ eeee dksdksdksdks lklklklk ekuusekuusekuusekuus lslslsls)&)&)&)&lklklklk]]]] fufufufu llll jsjsjsjs llll fu+fu+fu+fu+ llll jsjsjsjs xxxx ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ jsjsjsjs ¿¿¿¿¿¿¿¿ llll ¿¿¿¿

bl izdkj ;fn è;ku ls ns[ksa rks frjksHkko&vfoHkkZo dh izfØ;k lkFk&lkFk gh pyrh gSA eksVs rkSj ij rks ge dg nsrs gSa fd tc

eq[; jkx Nqirk gS rks frjksHkko rFkk tc fQj iqu% izdV gksrk gS rks vfoHkkZo gksrk gSA ijUrq ;fn vkSj Hkh l{erk ls ns[ksa rks

gesa irk pysxk fd eq[; jkx fNirk gS] rks mldk frjksHkko gksrk gSA ijUrq nwljs leizdr̀&jkx dk vfoHkkZo (izdV) gks tkrkgSA rFkk tc fQj igyk eq[; jkx dk vfoHkkZo (Li"Vhdj.k) gksrk gS] rkss nwljk leizdr̀&jkx dk frjksHkko (Nqiuk) gks tkrkgSA

ijUrq lc ls vf/d lko/kuh bl izfØ;k es ;g cjruh gksrh gS fd xk;d&oknd dks igys eq[;&jkx dk Lo:i vPNh rjg

ls Li"V djuk pkfg, rFkk mldk okrkoj.k Hkh iwjh rjg ls dk;e djus ds ckn gh fdlh vU; jkx dh Nk;k fn[kkuh pkfg;sAlkFk gh ;g Hkh è;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd vU; jkx dh >yd vfr de le; ds fy;s fn[kkuh pkfg,] rFkk tYnh gh mldh Nk;k

u"V djds eq[; jkx dk vfoHkkZo dj ysuk pkfg,] rkfd Jksrkvksa ds eu esa nwljk okrkoj.k vf/d nsj rd dk;e u jg ldsAde le; ds fy;s fd;k x;k frjksHkko muds eu esa fofp=krk ,oa vkuUn dh òf¼ djsxk rFkk eq[; jkx vkSj Hkh lqUnj yxsxkArHkh ;g fØ;k lQy dgyk ldrh gSA

([k) ([k) ([k) ([k) vYiRo&cgqRovYiRo&cgqRovYiRo&cgqRovYiRo&cgqRo

izkphu dky esa Hkkjrh;&laxhr ds nl jkx&y{k.kksa esa ls vYiRo&cgqRo Hkh vko';d y{k.k ekus tkrs FksA jkx esa yxus okys

;g va'k] U;kl] viU;kl&Lojksa ds i'pkr~ vYiRo&cgqRo&Lojksa dks Hkh egÙoiw.kZ LFkku fn;k tkrk FkkA vkt Hkh xq.khtujkx&foLrkj djrs le; bl fu;e dk è;ku ls ikyu djrs gSa] D;ksafd ;g fu;e jkx ds lgh Lo:i dks Li"V djus esa fo'ks"k

:i ls lgk;d gksrk gSA

vYiRovYiRovYiRovYiRo

jkx foLrkj djrs le; ftu Lojksa dk egÙo cgqr de gksrk gS] mu Lojksa dk vYi iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS] ;k nwljs'kCnksa esa mu Lojksa dk jkx esa vYiRo gksrk gSA lk/kj.kr% ,sls Loj] tks jkx ds foLrkj esa cgqr de iz;ksx esa vkrs gSa] vFkok

ftu Lojksa dks ckj&ckj Vky fn;k tkrk gS] mu Lojksa dk jkx esa vYiRo fd;k tkrk gSA

jkx esa fdlh Loj dk vYiRo nks izdkj ls gksrk gS%&

(i) ya?ku }kjk

(ii) vukH;kl }kjk

(i) ya?ku }kjk vYiRo rc gksrk gS] tc fdlh Loj dks jkx ds vkjksg&vojksg esa vFkok foLrkj djrs le; yka?k dj Vky fn;k

tk;s] rks ml Loj dk egÙo de gks tk;sxk] vr% ;g ya?ku }kjk vYiRo dgk tk; sxkA tSls jkx 'kq¼&dY;k.k esa fu"kkn dk

iz;ksx ya?ku&vYiRo gSA blesa fu"kkn dks NksM+dj lh/k rkj&"kM~t ij igqapk tkrk gSA è;ku j[kus ;ksX; ckr gS fd oftZr Loj

dk jkx esa vYiRo ugha ekuk tk ldrkA D;ksafd vYiRo mlh Loj dk gks ldrk gS] tks jkx esa iz;ksx rks gksrk gks] ijUrq mldk

egÙo de gks] vFkkZr~ og vuqoknh Loj gh gks] u fd oftZr LojA

zz

(ii) vukH;kl&vYiRo rc gksrk gS tc fdlh Loj dk jkx esa iz;ksx cgqr de djrs gSa] vFkkZr~ ml Loj dks u rks ckj&ckjiz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS rFkk u gh ml ij :dk tkrk gS] cfYd dHkh&dHkh rFkk vYi&ek=kk esa gh mldk iz;ksx djrs gSaA tSls

jkx&Hkheiyklh esa /Sor&Loj dk iz;ksx vukH;kl&vYiRo gSA /Sor dk iz;ksx Hkheiyklh esa vo'; fd;k tkrk gS] ij u rks

bl ij :duk gksrk gS rFkk u gh bldk vU; Lojksa dh rjg vf/d egÙo gSA

cgqRocgqRocgqRocgqRo

jkx&foLrkj djrs le; dqN ,sls Loj gksrs gSa ftUgsa ckj&ckj n'kkZ;k tkrk gS rFkk mudk egÙo jkx esa cgqr gksrk

gSA ,sls Lojksa dk iz;ksx cgqRo dgykrk gS mudk vf/d iz;ksx gh jkx dh 'kksHkk c

(i) vya?ku }kjk cgqRo rc gksrk gS] tc jkx esa fdlh Loj dks dHkh u NksM+k tk lds rFkk mldk ckj&ckj iz;ksx

fd;k tk; s] ijUrq ml ij vf/d :dk uk tk; sA tSls jkx ;eu esa rhoz&eè;e dk cgqRo gSA rhoz e dks ;eu esa

Vkyk ugha tk ldrk] vFkkZr~ mls yka?kdj nwljs Loj ij ugha tk;k tk ldrkA mldk iz;ksx vko';d rFkk gj&ckjfd;k tkrk gSA tSls&i e x] js x] e i / e i] e x ¿A

(ii) vH;kl&cgqRo esa fdlh Loj dks ckj&ckj rFkk vf/d nsj rd Bgjko Hkh nsdj iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA tSls jkx

;eu esa xa/kj Loj&fu + js x ¿] e x ¿] i e x ¿] js x ¿¿A , sls gh jkx ckxsJh esa / Sor dk iz;ksx Hkh vH;kl

cgqRo }kjk fd;k tkrk gS tSls&x e / ¿¿ e i / ¿ e x js lA

jkx esa okfn&Loj Hkh ,d rjg ls vH;kl&ewyd cgqRo gh gksrk gSA ijUrq è;ku jgs fd dbZ ckjokfn&Loj ds vfrfjDr jkx esa vU; Lojksa dk Hkh cgqRo gksrk gSA tks vH;kl (Bgjko) }kjk fn[kk;k tkrk gSA

mnkgj.k ds fy; s jkx 'kq¼&dY;k.k esa oknh&laoknh xa/kj rFkk / Sor gSa] ijUrq lkFk esa iape rFkk fj"kHk dk Hkh

cgqRo fn[kk;k tkrk gSA