study on genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among eleven traditional varieties of oryza...
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DESCRIPTION
The present investigation was carried out to study the genetic diversity among the eleven different traditional varieties of rice from southern states of Tamilnadu. High quality DNA was extracted from the seed material by Doyle and Doyle protocol with slight modifications. RAPD profile of eleven rice varieties was generated using 8 primers OP-13, 16, 17, 18 and OP – 8, 11, 17, 18 showed 98 Fragments generated. Out of which, 98 bands were polymorphic in nature and remaining were monomorphic. In dendrogram, Vellai Chittiraikar traditional rice variety was only variety which was not at all closely related to all other varieties. The seeds of these varieties have been passed on to farmers over the generations. Maximum variability of 66% between these varieties at genetic level indicated that the traditional varieties have a wider genetic base. This will enrich the rice germplasm of our nation for use in future breeding programmes. In conclusion, RAPD has high potential and remarkable quality for assessment of genetic populations. It is also evident that RAPD offer several advantages over traditional phenotypic markers as they provide data that can be analyzed objectively. This gives new dimensions to breeding especially with respect to time required for developing new and improved crop varieties.TRANSCRIPT
- 1. STUDIES ON GENETIC DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIP AMONG ELEVEN TRADITIONAL VARIETIES OF ORYZA SATIVA L. USING RAPD MARKERSUnder the guidance of Dr. R. Ravindhran Nitu Sinha M.Phil Scholar 12/MBT/002
2. Content Introduction Why crop Improvement Solutions Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion and future prospective 3. Introduction Agriculture is the art or science of production of crops and livestock on farm. Wheat, maize and rice -world wide cultivated Rice - Oryza sativa and O. glaberrimaTypical Rice Monocot plant with leafs, stem and panicles 4. Why Crop Improvement ..???? .. Overpopulations and Pollution Natural calamities Green Revolution traditional varieties diagrammatical presentation of ten various crops in 1903 and 1983. 5. Solutions Integrated Biotechnology Traditional Varieties conventional biotechnology and molecular biology integrates with field farmers plus potential biotechnology companies Characterizations Molecularmarker 6. Objective To analyze the genetic variation of traditional rice varieties using RAPD markers. To establish the phylogenetic relationship of the collected traditional rice varieties. 7. Seeds of Traditional Rice varietiesadbecf(a) - Varakkal, (b) - Kuzhiyadichan, (c) Kundhali, (d) - Varappu kudainchan (e) Thooyamallee and (f) Ramakuruvikar 8. Seeds of Traditional Rice varietiesgihjk(g) - Kattu samba, (h)- Villai Chittiraikar, (i) Vellai kattai, (j) - Seeraga samba and (k) - Rajamannar 9. Materials and Methods Doyle Doyle with little modification. RAPD primer (OPA 13,16,17 and18 and OPB - 8, 11, 17 and 18) RAPDistance package Software Version 1.04 Numerical taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System Unweighted Pair-group Method of Arithmetic (UPGMA) 10. RESULTS RAPD amplification products generated from eleven traditional varieties of Oryza sativa L. using Primer (a) OPA 13 and (b) OPA 16 (M Lamda DNA/ Hind III plus (300bp 23130bp), 1 - Varakkal, 2 Kuzhiyadichan, 3 Kunthali, 4 Varappu kudainchan, 5 Thooyamallee, 6 Ramakuruvikar, 7 Kattu samba, 8 Villai Chittiraikar, 9 Vellai kattai, 10 - Seeraga samba, 11 Raja mannar 23130 bp 9416 bp 2322 bp 2027 bp 1500 bpM123456789101112345678910111000 bp 564 bpa 23130 bp 9416 bpM2322 bp 2027 bp 1500 bp 1000 bp564 bpb 11. RAPD amplification products generated from eleven traditional varieties of Oryza sativa L. using Primer (a) OPA 17 and (b) OPA 18 (M Lamda DNA/ Hind III plus (300bp 23130bp), 1 - Varakkal, 2 Kuzhiyadichan, 3 Kunthali, 4 Varappu kudainchan, 5 Thooyamallee, 6 Ramakuruvikar, 7 Kattu samba, 8 Villai Chittiraikar, 9 Vellai kattai, 10 - Seeraga samba, 11 Raja mannar M1234567891011123456789101123130 bp 9416 bp 2322 bp 2027 bp 1500 bp 1000 bp 564 bp. a 23130 bp 9416 bp 2322 bp 2027 bp 1500 bpM1000 bp564 bpb 12. RAPD amplification products generated from eleven traditional varieties of Oryza sativa L. using Primer (a) OPB 8 and (b) OPB 11 (M Lamda DNA/ Hind III plus (300bp 23130bp), 1 - Varakkal, 2 Kuzhiyadichan, 3 Kunthali, 4 Varappu kudainchan, 5 Thooyamallee, 6 Ramakuruvikar, 7 Kattu samba, 8 Villai Chittiraikar, 9 Vellai kattai, 10 - Seeraga samba, 11 Raja mannar 23130 bp 9416 bpM123456789101112345678910112322 bp 2027 bp 1500 bp 1000 bp 564 bpa M 23130 bp 9416 bp 2322 bp 2027 bp 1500 bp 1000 bp 564 bpb 13. RAPD amplification products generated from eleven traditional varieties of Oryza sativa L. using Primer (a) OPB 17 and (b) OPB 18 (M Lamda DNA/ Hind III plus (300bp 23130bp), 1 - Varakkal, 2 Kuzhiyadichan, 3 Kunthali, 4 Varappu kudainchan, 5 Thooyamallee, 6 Ramakuruvikar, 7 Kattu samba, 8 Villai Chittiraikar, 9 Vellai kattai, 10 - Seeraga samba, 11 Raja mannar 23130 bp 9416 bpM1234567891012345678910112322 bp 2027 bp 1500 bp 1000 bp 564 bpa 23130 bp 9416 bp 2322 bp 2027 bp 1500 bpM1000 bp564 bpb11 14. Details of amplified fragment obtained from traditional varieties of rice and percentage of polymorphism. 15. Similarity matrix using Jaccards coefficient for eleven traditional varieties of rice based on 98 bands obtained with 8 RAPD primers 16. NTSYS-PC Dendrogram showing the genetic diversity among 11 traditional varieties of rice of Tamil Nadu. 17. CONCULSION Vellai Chittiraikar traditional rice variety non similar striking genetic difference 11 Traditional varieties Maximum variability of 66% - wider genetic base. RAPD - high potential & remarkable quality - genetic populations. Breeding - improved crop varieties. 18. FUTURE PROSPECTIVE Rooting for rice - saving our rice campaign tries -traditional varieties molecular marker (identification) breedingNew crops - farmers - productionINDIAEconomy