Study of Biology

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What is Biology?

• _______ is the study of all living things

• Living things are called _____________

• Organisms include __________, ________, ______, _______, & _________

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All Living Things Share Common Characteristics

1. Basic Unit is the ______2. They _____________3. All Based On Universal

Genetic Code (_____)4. ______ & __________

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Common Characteristics

5. Obtain & Use Materials & _________

6. _________To Their Environment7. Maintain A __________ __________

___________ (_____________)8. AS A GROUP, Living Things

_____, That Is They Change Over Time

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Characteristics of Organisms

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All Organisms are made of _______

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Facts About Cells• Cells are the _______ ______ unit

of an organism• All cells contain living

material called _________• All cells are surrounded by a

____ _________ that controls what enters & leaves the cell

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More Cell Facts• Cells are complex &

highly ________• Cells have parts

called _________ that do different jobs

e.g. Chloroplasts in plants make sugars

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More Cell Facts• The simplest cells

are called ___________• These cells ______

have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles

• _________ are examples

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More Cell Facts• More complex cells

are called ___________• These cells ___ have

a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

• Plants, __________, protists, & _______ are examples

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Organisms are Grouped by their Number of Cells

• ___________ Organisms–Living Organism Made Up Of ____ Cell

• __________ Organisms–Living Organism Made Up Of _____, ___________ Cells

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Organisms Reproduce to Pass on their _______

_______

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Two Types of Reproduction

• _______ ___________

• Involves __ parents

• Egg fertilized by sperm to make a ________

• Offspring are ____________ from parents

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Two Types of Reproduction

• ________ __________

• Involves __ organism or cell

• Cell divides• Offspring are

_______ to parent

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Cells Have a Genetic Code

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Genetic Code

• DNA (_____________________) carries the genetic code for all organisms

• All __________ contain DNA• DNA codes for the _________

that make up cells & do all the work

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Organisms Grow & Develop

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Growth & Development

• Organisms ______ by producing MORE CELLS & by cell ENLARGEMENT

• Organisms ________ as they mature into an adult organism

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Cells Require Food & Energy

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Food Requirements• _________ can make

their own food• Photoautotrophs use

__________ to make food (photosynthesis)

• Chemoautotrophs use ________ such as iron & sulfur as their energy

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Food Requirements

• _________can NOT make their own food

• They must consume other organisms

• ___________ eat plants• __________ eat meat• __________ eat plants & animals

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Metabolism

• Sum of all the __________ ___________ in an organism

• All require __________• _________ is the ultimate

energy for life on Earth

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Metabolism

• ________________–Cells releasing the chemical energy stored in __________

6O2 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O

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Organisms Respond to Stimuli

• Organisms __________ to _______ (Temperature, Water, Food Supplies, etc.) In Order To Survive & Reproduce

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Homeostasis• Keeping The Internal Environment

(____________) Of The Cell or Organism Within The Ranges Required For Life

• Stable internal conditions of ___, _____________, _______________, etc.

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Living Things Evolve

• _______ Of Organisms (Not Individuals) Change Over Time In Order To Survive Within Changing Environments.

• _________________show changes in groups of organisms

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Life is Organized on Several Levels

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Levels• Atoms• Molecules• Organelles• ______ – life starts here• Tissues• Organs• System• Organism

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Levels

• Population• Community• Ecosystem• Biosphere

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