steam tracing

Steam tracing simulation for determining Process Fluid TemperatureSI Unit VersionAuthor: J.A.B. de Lange

Inputs

Line Number 1Pipe Length (m) 50

Steam SpecificationSteam Pressure (kPa) 800

Process Fluid PipePipe NPS (inches) 18"

Pipe schedule STDPipe material Stainless steelMinimum allowable fluid temperature (ºC) 30

Steam tracing availableBare/Cemented BareAmount of Available Tracers 1Tracer NPS (inches) ½"Tracer Pipe Material Carbon Steel

Insulation SpecificationsInsulation Material FiberglassInsulation Thickness (mm) 100Emissivity of insulation lagging 0.4

Ambient ConditionsAmbient Temperature (ºC) -10Wind Velocity (km/h) 10.8

MessagesPlease run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl L, as all the values have not converged to a satisfactory degreeHottest Surface Temperature Acceptable for Personnel Protection, insulation thickness okReduce the insulation thickness, as this results in the surface temperature being less than the ambient temperatureSteam pressure acceptableProcess Fluid Temperature acceptable, and above Minimum Allowable Fluid Temperature

In conjunction with www.cheresources.comPress "Ctrl L" to activate the macro that runs the simulation.

! It is very important to read the messages at the bottom of the screen each time the simulation has been run, before evaluating the outputs.

Steam tracing simulation for determining Process Fluid Temperature

Assumptions:Saturated Steam is used, pressure drop along length of pipe neglegibleResistance to heat transfer through tracer pipe wall material is neglegible

Ouputs

Other InformationAnnulus Temperature (ºC) 106.4

Steam InformationSteam Temperature (ºC) 170.4Steam Consumption (kg/h) 10.7

Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (ºC) 87Pipe Outer Radius (mm) 228.60Pipe Wall Thickness (mm) 9.53Pipe Inner Radius (mm) 219.08

16.8

Steam Tracer InformationTracer Outer Radius (mm) 10.67

Spacers Required

Insulation Information0.03846

Temperature Range (ºC) 10 to 250ºCAverage Insulation Temperature (ºC) 61

Outer Surface InformationHottest Outside Surface Temperature (ºC) -4079

17.0

Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl L, as all the values have not converged to a satisfactory degreeHottest Surface Temperature Acceptable for Personnel Protection, insulation thickness okReduce the insulation thickness, as this results in the surface temperature being less than the ambient temperatureSteam pressure acceptableProcess Fluid Temperature acceptable, and above Minimum Allowable Fluid Temperature

It is very important to read the messages at the bottom of the screen each time the simulation has been run, before evaluating the outputs.

Wall Material Thermal Conductivity, kw, (W/mK)

Thermal Conductivity, k(ins), (W/mK)

Surface Film Coefficient, ho, (W/m²K)

Steam tracing simulation for determining Process Fluid TemperatureImperial Unit VersionAuthor: J.A.B. de Lange

Inputs

Line Number 2Pipe Length (ft) 130

Steam SpecificationSteam Pressure (psi) 35

Process Fluid PipePipe NPS (inches) 8"

Pipe schedule STDPipe material Carbon steelMinimum allowable fluid temperature (ºF) 90

Steam tracing availableBare/Cemented BareAmount of Available Tracers 1Tracer NPS (inches) ½"Tracer Pipe Material Carbon Steel

Insulation SpecificationsInsulation Material Rock Wool 40 kg/m³Insulation Thickness (inches) 3Emissivity of insulation lagging 0.4

Ambient ConditionsAmbient Temperature (ºF) 66

Wind Velocity (ft/s) 9

MessagesPlease run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl r, as all the values have not converged to a satisfactory degreeHottest Surface Temperature Acceptable for Personnel Protection, insulation thickness okInsulation thickness acceptable, but refer to the second message for further informationSteam pressure acceptableProcess Fluid Temperature acceptable, and above Minimum Allowable Fluid Temperature

In conjunction with www.cheresources.comPress "Ctrl r" to activate the macro that runs the simulation.

! It is very important to read the messages at the bottom of the screen each time the simulation has been run, before evaluating the outputs.

Steam tracing simulation for determining Process Fluid Temperature

Assumptions:Saturated Steam is used, pressure drop along length of pipe neglegibleResistance to heat transfer through tracer pipe wall material is neglegible

Ouputs

Other InformationAnnulus Temperature (ºF) 170.5

Steam InformationSteam Temperature (ºF) 259.3Steam Consumption (lbm/h) 3.4

Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (ºF) 141Pipe Outer Radius (inches) 4.31Pipe Wall Thickness (inches) 0.32Pipe Inner Radius (inches) 3.99

30.6

Steam Tracer InformationTracer Outer Radius (inches) 0.42

No Spacers Required


Temperature Range (ºF) -45 to 390ºFAverage Insulation Temperature (ºF) 111

Outer Surface InformationHottest Outside Surface Temperature (ºF) 109

1.7

Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl r, as all the values have not converged to a satisfactory degreeHottest Surface Temperature Acceptable for Personnel Protection, insulation thickness okInsulation thickness acceptable, but refer to the second message for further informationSteam pressure acceptableProcess Fluid Temperature acceptable, and above Minimum Allowable Fluid Temperature

It is very important to read the messages at the bottom of the screen each time the simulation has been run, before evaluating the outputs.

Wall Material Thermal Conductivity, kw, (BTU/fthºF)

Thermal Conductivity, k(ins), (BTU/fthºF)

Surface Film Coefficient, ho, (BTU/ft2hºF)

Before attempting to run the simulations, make sure your version of excel is configured as follows:Selecting the cell will display instructions.

1 Install Solver2 Make sure the macro function can use Solver

If at any time Solver reports an error message after a macro has been run, simply uninstall the Solver Add-In from the Add-Ins menu (found under Tools), and reinstall Solver as described under "Install Solver".

If the above has no effect on the outcome of the error message, try guessing another value for the insulation thickness. Solver sometimes converges to different values depending on the initial starting value.

If at any time Solver reports an error message after a macro has been run, simply uninstall the Solver Add-In from the Add-

If the above has no effect on the outcome of the error message, try guessing another value for the insulation thickness. Solver

SI unitsAvailable SteamLatent Heat (kJ/kg)

2082.40892476227

Pipes BareReference 1 16 CementedReference 2 8

Thermal conductivity, PFP, kw, (W/mK)Temperature,K 298.15 398.15 498.15 kwStainless steel 16 17 19 16.76912111Carbon steel 54 51 47 51.98316185Copper 401 400 398 400.2308789Brass 109 109 109 109Aluminium 250 255 250 251.6666667Iron 80 68 60 73.09474816

Thermal conductivity, Insulation material, kinsTemperature, K 230 240 255 270 283.15Fiberglass 0.032Foam Glass 0.045 0.046666 0.0486915 0.050880017 0.0529307Calcium silicate 0.0538Rigid Polyurethane 0.024894325 0.0251241047 0.02544627465 0.025741445 0.025978Cellular glass 0.046 0.048 0.051 0.052 0.0547Rock Wool 40 kg/m³ 0.036Rock Wool 60 kg/m³ 0.0346Rock Wool 80 kg/m³ 0.038

Reference1

Ambient TemperatureWind speed (m/s) (km/h) є q -10

0 0 0 631.361051912862 -91 3.6 0.05 655.536656746762 -82 7.2 0.1 -73 10.8 0.15 -64 14.4 0.2 -55 18 0.25 -46 21.6 0.3 -37 25.2 0.35 -28 28.8 0.4 -1

9 32.4 0.45 0

10 36 0.5 1

11 39.6 0.55 212 43.2 0.6 313 46.8 0.65 414 50.4 0.7 515 54 0.75 616 57.6 0.8 717 61.2 0.85 818 64.8 0.9 919 68.4 0.95 1020 72 1 11

121314151617181920212223

2425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546

47484950

Imperial Units

Available steamLatent Heat (BTU/lbm)

946.352423799911

Pipes BareReference 1 11 CementedReference 2 8

Thermal conductivity, PFP, kw, (BTU/fthºF)Temperature,K 77 257 437 kwStainless steel 9.243212016 9.8209127672 10.9763142692086 9.454817576Carbon steel 31.19584055 29.462738302 27.1519352975159 30.5737163Copper 231.6580012 231.0803004 229.924898902369 231.4463956Brass 62.96938186 62.96938186 62.9693818601964 62.96938186Aluminium 144.4251878 147.31369151 144.425187752744 145.3880223Iron 46.21606008 39.283651069 34.6620450606586 43.77833279

Thermal conductivity, Insulation material, kins, (BTU/fthºF)Temperature, K 230 240 255 270 283.15Fiberglass 0.032Foam Glass 0.045 0.046666 0.0486915 0.050880017 0.0529307Calcium silicate 0.0538Rigid Polyurethane 0.024894325 0.0251241047 0.02544627465 0.025741445 0.025978Cellular glass 0.046 0.048 0.051 0.052 0.0547Rock Wool 40 kg/m³ 0.036Rock Wool 60 kg/m³ 0.0346Rock Wool 80 kg/m³ 0.038

Reference6

Ambient Temperature

Wind speed (ft/s) є -4q (BTU/hft2)

0 0 6.53880961844072 -33 0.05 11.4713281780118 -26 0.1 -19 0.15 0

12 0.2 115 0.25 218 0.3 321 0.35 424 0.4 527 0.45 630 0.5 733 0.55 836 0.6 939 0.65 1042 0.7 1145 0.75 1248 0.8 1351 0.85 1454 0.9 1557 0.95 1660 1 17

18192021222324

2526272829

30313233343536373839404142

4344454647484950515253545556

57585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990

919293949596979899

100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120

Amount of Tracers1 Tracer OD OD (Inches) OD (mm)2 0.672 17.06883 ½" 0.84 21.3364 ¾" 1.05 26.675 1" 1.315 33.401

Reference 2Stainless SteelCarbon Steel

Reference1

Thermal conductivity, Insulation material, kins297.15 310.85 323.15 348.15 373.15

0.033 0.034314 0.037 0.04 0.0440.05525 0.05765435 0.0599275 0.064880625 0.07028

0.054 0.055 0.056 0.0575 0.0595820.026207 0.0264084 0.02657 0.0268425 0.02704

0.0578 0.0621 0.064 0.0674 0.0704550.038 0.04 0.042 0.0475 0.054

0.0368 0.039 0.041 0.0448 0.0480.039 0.04 0.041 0.0436 0.046

Ambient Temperature OutputsOuputs: Bare



Process Fluid Pipe

Process Fluid Temperature (ºC) 87.38585177

¼"

Pipe Outer Radius (mm) 228.60

Pipe Wall Thickness (mm) 9.53Pipe Inner Radius (mm) 219.08

16.8


Spacers Required


Temperature Range (ºC) 10 to 250ºCAverage Insulation Temperature (ºC) 61.42

Outer Surface InformationHottest Outside Surface Temperature (ºC) -4079.17

17.0

Ouputs: Cemented



Process Fluid PipeProcess Fluid Temperature (ºC) 143.81Pipe Outer Radius (mm) 228.60Pipe Wall Thickness (mm) 9.53Pipe Inner Radius (mm) 219.08

16.8


Spacers Required


Temperature Range (ºC) 10 to 250ºC






Average Insulation Temperature (ºC) 87.38

Outer Surface InformationHottest Outside Surface Temperature (ºC) -3653.80

17.1

L act (mm) 98.99128626

Amount of Tracers Tracer OD OD (Inches) OD (mm)1 0.672 17.06882 ½" 0.84 21.3363 ¾" 1.05 26.674 1" 1.315 33.4015 Reference 2

Stainless SteelCarbon Steel

Reference2

Thermal conductivity, Insulation material, kins, (BTU/fthºF)297.15 310.85 323.15 348.15 373.15

0.033 0.034314 0.037 0.04 0.0440.05525 0.05765435 0.0599275 0.064880625 0.07028

0.054 0.055 0.056 0.0575 0.0595820.026207 0.0264084 0.02657 0.0268425 0.02704

0.0578 0.0621 0.064 0.0674 0.0704550.038 0.04 0.042 0.0475 0.054

0.0368 0.039 0.041 0.0448 0.0480.039 0.04 0.041 0.0436 0.046

Ambient Temperature Outputs

ºF Ouputs: Bare


¼"



Process Fluid PipeProcess Fluid Temperature (ºF) 140.95Pipe Outer Radius (inches) 4.31Pipe Wall Thickness (inches) 0.32Pipe Inner Radius (inches) 3.99

30.6


No Spacers Required


Temperature Range (ºF) -45 to 390ºFAverage Insulation Temperature (ºF) 111.37

Outer Surface InformationHottest Outside Surface Temperature (ºF) 109.19

1.7

Ouputs: Cemented



Process Fluid PipeProcess Fluid Temperature (ºF) 233.19Pipe Outer Radius (inches) 4.31Pipe Wall Thickness (inches) 0.32Pipe Inner Radius (inches) 3.99

30.6






No Spacers Required


Temperature Range (ºF) -45 to 390ºFAverage Insulation Temperature (ºF) 154.06

Outer Surface InformationHottest Outside Surface Temperature (ºF) -4.03

1.8

L act (inches) 2.696919514



Cement0.21

0.26250.2625

398.15 423.15 448.15 473.150.047 0.052 0.057 0.062

0.076125625 0.0824175 0.089155625 0.096340.061 0.0635 0.066 0.068

0.0271625 0.02721 0.0271825 0.027080.0748 0.08 0.086 0.093

0.059 0.065 0.0739 0.0850.053 0.058 0.062 0.065

0.05 0.055 0.059 0.064

k1 23.7455518333547k2 0.564913738678357

acos((r1-r2)/(r1+r2)) 0.425510739866164 Starting Values DiffTsurf pipe bare ºC -2311.76503887855 27.1434475056524 5470492.9077Tsurf pipe cement -2241.50620416764 28.2815916640183 5151936.6381Process fluid temp (Bare) 32.03 3063.8338157Process fluid temp (Cement) 107.320664868484 1331.6393506Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl L, as all the values have not converged to

10626825.019Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl L, as all the values have not converged to

Please refer to Sheet "SI Version" or "Imperial Unit Version" again to continue.


Do not change anything in this sheet, as it will cause the simulation to run incorrectly

c1 20.0438006347966c2 0.564991237624

c3 0.7328941005792NPS qt (W/m²K)

½" 34.4 60.2879608¾" 34.4 60.28796081" 34.3 60.1127051

1½" 34.3 60.11270512" 32.6 57.1333582

2½" 31 54.3292673" 29.1 50.9994087

3½" 27.8 48.72108464" 26.9 47.14378336" 23.8 41.71085668" 21.5 37.6799755

10" 18.4 32.247048812" 14.6 25.587332214" 12.2 21.381195416" 9.8 17.175058618" 9.8 17.175058620" 9.8 17.175058624" 9.7 16.999802930" 9.7 16.999802936" 9.7 16.999802942" 9.6 16.8245472

48" 9.6 16.824547217.1750586

mm inchInsthick 100.00 3.93700787401575

Cement0.168

0.210.168

398.15 423.15 448.15 473.150.047 0.052 0.057 0.062

0.076125625 0.0824175 0.089155625 0.096340.061 0.0635 0.066 0.068

0.0271625 0.02721 0.0271825 0.027080.0748 0.08 0.086 0.093

0.059 0.065 0.0739 0.0850.053 0.058 0.062 0.065

0.05 0.055 0.059 0.064

k1 17.8735015899047

k2 0.238457053748062ctrl + r

acos((r1-r2)/(r1+r2)) 0.604990800509272 Starting Values DiffTsurf pipe bare ºF 69.9527836005848 69.9517052084883 1.16293E-06Tsurf pipe cement ºF 72.3280544917413 72.3270495152862 1.009978E-06Process fluid temp Bare 140.954803428833 9.31011E-09Process fluid temp Cement 233.42401689561 0.0546187912Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl r, as all the values have not converged to

0.0546209734Please run the simulation again by pressing Ctrl r, as all the values have not converged to


c1 -72.0976492693274c2 0.0343974537325654

c3 3.01NPS qt (BTU/ft²hºF)

½" 34.4¾" 34.41" 34.3

1½" 34.32" 32.6

2½" 313" 29.1

3½" 27.84" 26.96" 23.88" 21.5

10" 18.412" 14.614" 12.216" 9.818" 9.820" 9.824" 9.730" 9.736" 9.742" 9.648" 9.6

21.5

mm inch

Insthick 100.00 3.93700787401575

α 0.604990800509272Ф 1.5084626746287

498.15 523.15 573.15 598.15 623.15 648.15 673.150.068 0.075

0.103970625 0.11204750.071 0.0742363 0.08 0.083 0.086 0.09 0.0928

0.0269025 0.02665 0.02592 0.025443 0.02489 0.024263 0.02356- - - - - - -

0.097 0.1180.069 0.0720.069 0.0738

BareCem



Do not change anything in this sheet, as it will cause the simulation to run incorrectly

498.15 523.15 573.15 598.15 623.15 648.15 673.150.068 0.075

0.103970625 0.11204750.071 0.0742363 0.08 0.083 0.086 0.09 0.0928

0.0269025 0.02665 0.02592 0.025443 0.02489 0.024263 0.02356- - - - - - -

0.097 0.1180.069 0.0720.069 0.0738

698.15 723.15 748.15 773.15 823.15 873.15 923.15 KinsInterp0.03846239042460.0647217867784

0.096 0.0999 0.104 0.108 0.116 0.126 0.137 0.05412153329420.022782 0.02193 0.021003 0.02 0.01777 0.01524 0.01241 0.026763311717

- - - - - - - 0.06494507096930.045343883165

0.04281160972290.0429513740078

698.15 723.15 748.15 773.15 823.15 873.15 923.15 KinsInterp(W/mK)0.03830746735630.0645229074626

0.096 0.0999 0.104 0.108 0.116 0.126 0.137 0.05401232104910.022782 0.02193 0.021003 0.02 0.01777 0.01524 0.01241 0.0267760055467

- - - - - - - 0.06478185141330.04507058931770.04267001626640.0428181591311

Temp range10 to 250ºC-43 to 250ºC10 to 650ºC10 to 650ºC-43 to 200ºC-43 to 200ºC10 to 250ºC10 to 250ºC

Temp range Kins(BTU/fthºF)50 to 480ºF 0.022130253-45 to 480ºF 0.03727493250 to 1200ºF 0.03120295850 to 1200ºF 0.015468519-45 to 390ºF 0.037424524-45 to 390ºF 0.02603731350 to 480ºF 0.024650550 to 480ºF 0.024736083

Steam Table SI Units Steam Table Imperial Unitspressure temp Hf pressure temp H(latent)kPa K kJ/kg psia deg F BTU/lb

6.895 311.894 2410.4 1 101.74 1036.3513.79 325.411 2378.8 2 126.07 1022.74

20.685 333.967 2358.8 3 141.47 1014.1427.58 340.35 2343.8 4 152.96 1007.71

34.475 345.506 2331.7 5 162.24 1002.5241.37 349.844 2321.5 6 170.05 998.13

48.265 353.617 2312.6 7 176.84 994.30655.16 356.961 2304.7 8 182.86 990.905

62.055 359.967 2297.6 9 188.27 987.8468.95 362.711 2291.1 10 193.21 985.033

75.845 365.233 2285.1 11 197.75 982.44582.74 367.572 2279.5 12 201.96 980.039

89.635 369.75 2274.2 13 205.88 977.79196.53 371.794 2269.3 14 209.56 975.675

103.425 373.722 2264.7 15 213.03 973.675110.32 375.55 2260.2 16 216.32 971.772

117.215 377.283 2256 17 219.44 969.963124.11 378.933 2252 18 222.41 968.237

131.005 380.506 2248.2 19 225.24 966.587137.9 382.017 2244.5 20 227.96 964.997

144.795 383.467 2240.9 21 230.57 963.468151.69 384.856 2237.5 22 233.07 961.999

158.585 386.2 2234.2 23 235.49 960.574165.48 387.494 2231 24 237.82 959.198

172.375 388.744 2227.9 25 240.07 957.867179.27 389.956 2224.9 26 242.25 956.573

186.165 391.128 2222 27 244.36 955.319193.06 392.267 2219.1 28 246.41 954.097

199.955 393.372 2216.4 29 248.4 952.908206.85 394.45 2213.7 30 250.34 951.746

213.745 395.494 2211 31 252.22 950.618220.64 396.511 2208.5 32 254.05 949.517

227.535 397.506 2206 33 255.84 948.439234.43 398.472 2203.5 34 257.58 947.388

241.325 399.422 2201.1 35 259.29 946.352248.22 400.344 2198.8 36 260.95 945.345

255.115 401.25 2196.5 37 262.58 944.355262.01 402.133 2194.2 38 264.17 943.386

268.905 402.994 2192 39 265.72 942.44275.8 403.844 2189.8 40 267.25 941.505

282.695 404.672 2187.7 41 268.74 940.591289.59 405.489 2185.6 42 270.21 939.689

296.485 406.289 2183.6 43 271.65 938.803303.38 407.072 2181.5 44 273.06 937.934

310.275 407.839 2179.5 45 274.44 937.082317.17 408.594 2177.6 46 275.8 936.24

324.065 409.339 2175.7 47 277.14 935.41330.96 410.067 2173.8 48 278.45 934.596

337.855 410.783 2171.9 49 279.74 933.794344.75 411.494 2170 50 281.02 932.996

351.645 412.189 2168.2 51 282.27 932.216358.54 412.872 2166.4 52 283.5 931.446

365.435 413.544 2164.7 53 284.71 930.688372.33 414.206 2162.9 54 285.9 929.941

379.225 414.861 2161.2 55 287.08 929.199386.12 415.506 2159.5 56 288.24 928.469

393.015 416.139 2157.8 57 289.38 927.75399.91 416.761 2156.2 58 290.5 927.042

406.805 417.383 2154.5 59 291.62 926.333413.7 417.989 2152.9 60 292.71 925.642

420.595 418.589 2151.3 61 293.79 924.956427.49 419.183 2149.8 62 294.86 924.275

434.385 419.767 2148.2 63 295.91 923.606441.28 420.344 2146.7 64 296.95 922.943

448.175 420.917 2145.1 65 297.98 922.284455.07 421.478 2143.6 66 298.99 921.638

461.965 422.033 2142.1 67 299.99 920.996468.86 422.589 2140.6 68 300.99 920.354

475.755 423.128 2139.2 69 301.96 919.73482.65 423.667 2137.7 70 302.93 919.106

489.545 424.2 2136.3 71 303.89 918.486496.44 424.722 2134.9 72 304.83 917.879

503.335 425.244 2133.5 73 305.77 917.271510.23 425.756 2132.1 74 306.69 916.674

517.125 426.267 2130.7 75 307.61 916.077524.02 426.767 2129.3 76 308.51 915.492

530.915 427.267 2128 77 309.41 914.906537.81 427.756 2126.6 78 310.29 914.333

544.705 428.244 2125.3 79 311.17 913.758551.6 428.728 2124 80 312.04 913.19

558.495 429.206 2122.7 81 312.9 912.627565.39 429.678 2121.4 82 313.75 912.069

572.285 430.15 2120.1 83 314.6 911.511579.18 430.611 2118.8 84 315.43 910.966

586.075 431.072 2117.5 85 316.26 910.419592.97 431.528 2116.3 86 317.08 909.879

599.865 431.978 2115 87 317.89 909.344606.76 432.422 2113.8 88 318.69 908.815

613.655 432.867 2112.6 89 319.49 908.286620.55 433.306 2111.4 90 320.28 907.762

627.445 433.739 2110.2 91 321.06 907.245634.34 434.172 2108.9 92 321.84 906.726

641.235 434.6 2107.8 93 322.61 906.214648.13 435.022 2106.6 94 323.37 905.708

655.025 435.444 2105.4 95 324.13 905.201

661.92 435.861 2104.2 96 324.88 904.7668.815 436.278 2103.1 97 325.63 904.198

675.71 436.683 2101.9 98 326.36 903.709682.605 437.094 2100.8 99 327.1 903.213

689.5 437.494 2099.6 100 327.82 902.729696.395 437.894 2098.5 101 328.54 902.245

703.29 438.294 2097.4 102 329.26 901.761710.185 438.689 2096.3 103 329.97 901.282

717.08 439.078 2095.2 104 330.67 900.81723.975 439.467 2094.1 105 331.37 900.337

730.87 439.85 2093 106 332.06 899.87737.765 440.233 2091.9 107 332.75 899.403

744.66 440.617 2090.8 108 333.44 898.935751.555 440.989 2089.8 109 334.11 898.48

758.45 441.367 2088.7 110 334.79 898.018765.345 441.739 2087.6 111 335.46 897.562

772.24 442.106 2086.6 112 336.12 897.112779.135 442.472 2085.5 113 336.78 896.662

786.03 442.833 2084.5 114 337.43 896.218792.925 443.194 2083.5 115 338.08 895.774

799.82 443.556 2082.4 116 338.73 895.329806.715 443.911 2081.4 117 339.37 894.89

813.61 444.267 2080.4 118 340.01 894.451820.505 444.617 2079.4 119 340.64 894.018

827.4 444.967 2078.4 120 341.27 893.585834.295 445.311 2077.4 121 341.89 893.158

841.19 445.656 2076.4 122 342.51 892.731848.085 446 2075.4 123 343.13 892.303

854.98 446.339 2074.4 124 343.74 891.882861.875 446.678 2073.4 125 344.35 891.46

868.77 447.011 2072.5 126 344.95 891.045875.665 447.344 2071.5 127 345.55 890.629

882.56 447.678 2070.5 128 346.15 890.212889.455 448.006 2069.6 129 346.74 889.803

896.35 448.333 2068.6 130 347.33 889.392903.245 448.661 2067.7 131 347.92 888.982

910.14 448.983 2066.7 132 348.5 888.577917.035 449.306 2065.8 133 349.08 888.173

923.93 449.622 2064.9 134 349.65 887.775930.825 449.944 2063.9 135 350.23 887.369

937.72 450.256 2063 136 350.79 886.977944.615 450.572 2062.1 137 351.36 886.578

951.51 450.883 2061.2 138 351.92 886.185958.405 451.194 2060.3 139 352.48 885.792

965.3 451.506 2059.3 140 353.04 885.398972.195 451.811 2058.4 141 353.59 885.011

979.09 452.117 2057.5 142 354.14 884.624985.985 452.422 2056.6 143 354.69 884.236

992.88 452.722 2055.7 144 355.23 883.855

999.775 453.022 2054.9 145 355.77 883.4741006.67 453.322 2054 146 356.31 883.092

1013.565 453.617 2053.1 147 356.84 882.7171020.46 453.917 2052.2 148 357.38 882.334

1027.355 454.211 2051.3 149 357.91 881.9581034.25 454.5 2050.5 150 358.43 881.5891048.04 455.083 2048.7 152 359.48 880.8421061.83 455.656 2047 154 360.51 880.1081075.62 456.222 2045.3 156 361.53 879.381089.41 456.789 2043.6 158 362.55 878.651

1103.2 457.344 2042 160 363.55 877.9341116.99 457.894 2040.3 162 364.54 877.2231130.78 458.444 2038.7 164 365.53 876.5111144.57 458.983 2037 166 366.5 875.8121158.36 459.522 2035.4 168 367.47 875.1111172.15 460.05 2033.8 170 368.42 874.4241185.94 460.578 2032.2 172 369.37 873.7351199.73 461.1 2030.6 174 370.31 873.0531213.52 461.617 2029.1 176 371.24 872.3761227.31 462.128 2027.5 178 372.16 871.706

1241.1 462.639 2025.9 180 373.08 871.0341254.89 463.139 2024.4 182 373.98 870.3761268.68 463.639 2022.9 184 374.88 869.7161282.47 464.133 2021.3 186 375.77 869.0631296.26 464.622 2019.8 188 376.65 868.4161310.05 465.111 2018.3 190 377.53 867.7681323.84 465.594 2016.8 192 378.4 867.1261337.63 466.072 2015.4 194 379.26 866.491351.42 466.55 2013.9 196 380.12 865.8531365.21 467.017 2012.4 198 380.96 865.23

1379 467.483 2011 200 381.8 864.6061413.475 468.639 2007.4 205 383.88 863.056

1447.95 469.767 2003.8 210 385.91 861.5371482.425 470.878 2000.3 215 387.91 860.035

1516.9 471.972 1996.9 220 389.88 858.5491551.375 473.039 1993.5 225 391.8 857.095

1585.85 474.094 1990.1 230 393.7 855.651620.325 475.128 1986.8 235 395.56 854.231

1654.8 476.144 1983.6 240 397.39 852.8291689.275 477.144 1980.4 245 399.19 851.445

1723.75 478.133 1977.2 250 400.97 850.0711758.225 479.106 1974 255 402.72 848.715

1792.7 480.061 1970.9 260 404.44 847.3781827.175 481 1967.8 265 406.13 846.059

1861.65 481.928 1964.8 270 407.8 844.7521896.125 482.844 1961.8 275 409.45 843.455

1930.6 483.744 1958.8 280 411.07 842.1781965.075 484.633 1955.9 285 412.67 840.912

1999.55 485.511 1953 290 414.25 839.658

2034.025 486.378 1950.1 295 415.81 838.4162068.5 487.233 1947.2 300 417.35 837.1852206.4 490.544 1936 320 423.31 832.3842344.3 493.7 1925.3 340 428.99 827.7522482.2 496.711 1914.9 360 434.41 823.2782620.1 499.6 1904.8 380 439.61 818.936

2758 502.372 1895 400 444.6 814.7222895.9 505.039 1885.4 420 449.4 810.6253033.8 507.611 1876.1 440 454.03 806.6323171.7 510.094 1867.1 460 458.5 802.7383309.6 512.494 1858.2 480 462.82 798.9373447.5 514.822 1849.6 500 467.01 795.2153585.4 517.078 1841.1 520 471.07 791.5763723.3 519.267 1832.8 540 475.01 788.0123861.2 521.394 1824.7 560 478.84 784.5173999.1 523.467 1816.7 580 482.57 781.084

4137 525.483 1808.9 600 486.2 777.7154274.9 527.45 1801.2 620 489.74 774.4024412.8 529.367 1793.6 640 493.19 771.1484550.7 531.244 1786.1 660 496.57 767.9364688.6 533.072 1778.8 680 499.86 764.7854826.5 534.861 1771.6 700 503.08 761.6774964.4 536.611 1764.5 720 506.23 758.6165102.3 538.328 1757.4 740 509.32 755.5915240.2 540.006 1750.5 760 512.34 752.6135378.1 541.65 1743.7 780 515.3 749.675

5516 543.267 1736.9 800 518.21 746.7675653.9 544.85 1730.2 820 521.06 743.8995791.8 546.406 1723.6 840 523.86 741.0645929.7 547.928 1717.1 860 526.6 738.2726067.6 549.428 1710.7 880 529.3 735.5036205.5 550.9 1704.3 900 531.95 732.7686343.4 552.35 1698 920 534.56 730.0596481.3 553.778 1691.8 940 537.13 727.3746619.2 555.178 1685.6 960 539.65 724.7276757.1 556.561 1679.5 980 542.14 722.096

6895 557.917 1673.5 1000 544.58 719.5037239.75 561.222 1658.6 1050 550.53 713.118

7584.5 564.417 1644.1 1100 556.28 706.8637929.25 567.494 1629.9 1150 561.82 700.758

8274 570.478 1615.9 1200 567.19 694.7648618.75 573.361 1602.3 1250 572.38 688.9

8963.5 576.161 1588.9 1300 577.42 683.1389308.25 578.883 1575.7 1350 582.32 677.471

9653 581.522 1562.8 1400 587.07 671.9159997.75 584.094 1550.1 1450 591.7 666.44110342.5 586.594 1537.6 1500 596.2 661.064

11032 591.411 1513.1 1600 604.87 650.54611721.5 596 1489.3 1700 613.13 640.327

12411 600.383 1466.2 1800 621.02 630.38213100.5 604.572 1443.7 1900 628.56 620.709

13790 608.594 1421.7 2000 635.8 611.26114479.5 612.461 1400.3 2100 642.76 602.03

15169 616.178 1379.3 2200 649.45 593.01715858.5 619.756 1358.8 2300 655.89 584.21

16548 623.211 1338.7 2400 662.11 575.58117237.5 626.544 1319.1 2500 668.11 567.141

17927 629.767 1299.9 2600 673.91 558.87218616.5 632.889 1281 2700 679.53 550.755

19306 635.906 1262.5 2800 684.96 542.81519995.5 638.828 1244.4 2900 690.22 535.031

20685 641.667 1226.6 3000 695.33 527.379800 443.565 2082.4 35 259.29 946.352

Ref P T H Ref P T H116 799.82 443.556 2082.4 35 35 259.29 946.352117 806.715 443.911 2081.4 36 36 260.95 945.345

PIPE INTERNAL DIAMETER (mm)

PIPE SIZE OD SCH 5S SCH 10 SCH 10S SCH 20 SCH 30 SCH 405S 10 10S 20 30 40

½" 21.336 18.034 - 17.12 - - 15.799¾" 26.67 23.368 - 22.454 - - 20.931" 33.401 30.099 - 27.864 - - 26.645

1½" 48.26 44.958 - 42.723 - - 40.8942" 60.325 57.023 - 54.788 - - 52.501

2½" 73.025 68.809 - 66.929 - - 62.7133" 88.9 84.684 - 82.804 - - 77.927

3½" 101.6 97.384 - 95.504 - - 90.124" 114.3 110.084 - 108.204 - - 102.266" 168.28 162.742 - 161.472 - - 154.0568" 219.08 213.542 - 211.562 206.38 205.008 202.722

10" 273.05 266.242 - 264.668 260.35 257.454 254.50812" 323.85 315.936 314.71 311.15 307.086 303.22614" 355.6 347.676 342.9 346.05 339.75 336.55 333.3516" 406.4 398.018 393.7 396.85 390.55 387.35 38118" 457.2 448.818 444.5 447.65 441.35 434.95 428.6520" 508 498.45 495.3 496.93 488.95 482.6 477.82424" 609.6 598.526 596.9 596.9 590.554 581.05 574.65430" 762 748.73 746.158 746.15 736.678 730.25 -42" 1066.8 - - - - -48" 1219.2 - - - - -

PIPE SIZE Radius OD SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH5S 10 10S 20 30 40

½" 10.668 21.336 1.651 - 2.108 - - 2.769¾" 13.335 26.67 1.651 - 2.108 - - 2.871" 16.7005 33.401 1.651 - 2.769 - - 3.378

1½" 24.13 48.26 1.651 - 2.769 - - 3.6832" 30.1625 60.325 1.651 - 2.769 - - 3.912

2½" 36.5125 73.025 2.108 - 3.048 - - 5.1563" 44.45 88.9 2.108 - 3.048 - - 5.487

3½" 50.8 101.6 2.108 - 3.048 - - 5.744" 57.15 114.3 2.108 - 3.048 - - 6.026" 84.14 168.28 2.769 - 3.404 - - 7.1128" 109.54 219.08 2.769 - 3.759 6.35 7.036 8.179

10" 136.525 273.05 3.404 - 4.191 6.35 7.798 9.27112" 161.9 323.8 3.962 - 4.572 6.35 8.382 10.31214" 177.8 355.6 3.962 6.35 4.775 7.925 9.525 11.12516" 203.2 406.4 4.191 6.35 4.775 7.925 9.525 12.718" 228.6 457.2 4.191 6.35 4.775 7.925 11.125 14.27520" 254.179 508.358 4.775 6.35 5.537 9.525 12.7 15.08824" 304.827 609.654 5.537 6.35 6.35 9.525 14.275 17.47530" 381.289 762.578 6.635 7.925 7.925 12.7 15.875 -36" 457.2145 914.429 - 7.925 - 12.7 15.875 19.05

42" 533.4 1066.8 - - - - - -48" 609.62 1219.24 - - - - - -

MINIMUM ALLOWABLE PIPE WALL THICKNESS (mm)

PIPE SIZE OD SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH SCH5S 10 10S 20 30 40

½" 21.336 1.3974 - 1.3974 - - 1.3974¾" 26.67 1.461 - 1.461 - - 1.4611" 33.401 1.5413 - 1.5413 - - 1.5413

1½" 48.26 1.7185 - 1.7185 - - 1.71852" 60.325 1.8625 - 1.8625 - - 1.8625

2½" 73.025 2.014 - 2.014 - - 2.0143" 88.902 2.2034 - 2.2034 - - 2.2034

3½" 101.6 2.3548 - 2.3548 - - 2.35484" 114.3 2.5063 - 2.5063 - - 2.50636" 168.28 3.1502 - 3.1502 - - 3.15028" 219.08 3.7562 - 3.7562 3.7562 3.7562 3.7562

10" 273.05 4.4 - 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.412" 323.8 5.0054 - 5.0054 5.0054 5.0054 5.005414" 355.6 5.3847 5.3847 5.3847 5.3847 5.3847 5.384716" 406.4 5.9907 5.9907 5.9907 5.9907 5.9907 5.990718" 457.2 6.5967 6.5967 6.5967 6.5967 6.5967 6.596720" 508.358 7.207 7.207 7.207 7.207 7.207 7.20724" 609.654 8.4153 8.4153 8.4153 8.4153 8.4153 8.415330" 762.578 10.2395 10.2395 10.2395 10.2395 10.2395 -36" 914.429 - 12.0509 - 12.0509 12.0509 12.050942" 1066.8 - - - - - -48" 1219.24 - - - - - -

PIPE INTERNAL DIAMETER (mm)

SCH 40S STD SCH 60 SCH 80 SCH 80S XS SCH 100 SCH 120 SCH 14040S 60 80 80S 100 120 140

15.799 15.799 - 13.868 13.868 13.868 - - -20.93 20.93 - 18.847 18.847 18.847 - - -

26.645 26.645 - 24.308 24.308 24.308 - - -40.894 40.894 - 38.1 38.1 38.1 - - -52.501 52.501 - 49.251 49.251 49.251 - - -62.713 62.713 - 59.005 59.004 59.005 - - -77.927 77.927 - 73.66 73.66 73.66 - - -90.12 90.12 - 85.446 85.446 85.446 - - -

102.26 102.26 - 97.18 97.18 97.18 - 92.05 -154.056 154.056 - 146.334 146.33 146.334 - 139.73 -202.722 202.722 198.456 193.68 193.68 193.68 188.904 182.554 177.83254.508 254.508 247.65 242.874 247.5 247.65 236.524 230.174 222.25

304.8 304.8 295.3 288.9 298.5 298.45 280.974 273.05 266.7- 336.55 325.424 317.5 - 330.2 307.95 300.024 292.1- 387.35 373.076 363.524 - 381 354.026 344.474 333.35- 438.15 419.1 409.55 - 431.8 398.476 387.35 377.85- 488.95 466.75 455.626 - 482.6 442.926 431.8 419.1- 590.55 560.374 547.674 - 584.2 531.826 517.55 504.85- 742.95 - - - 736.6 - - -- 1047.75 - - - 1041.4 - - -- 1200.15 - - - 1193.8 - - -

PIPE WALL THICKNESS (mm)

SCH STD SCH SCH SCH XS SCH SCH SCH40S 60 80 80S 100 120 140

2.769 2.769 - 3.734 3.734 3.734 - - -2.87 2.87 - 3.912 3.912 3.912 - - -

3.378 3.378 - 4.547 4.547 4.547 - - -3.683 3.683 - 5.08 5.08 5.08 - - -3.912 3.912 - 5.537 5.537 5.537 - - -5.156 5.156 - 7.01 7.011 7.01 - - -5.487 5.487 - 7.62 7.62 7.62 - - -5.74 5.74 - 8.077 8.077 8.077 - - -6.02 6.02 - 8.56 8.56 8.56 - 11.125 -

7.112 7.112 - 10.973 10.975 10.973 - 14.275 -8.179 8.179 10.312 12.7 12.7 12.7 15.088 18.263 20.6259.271 9.271 12.7 15.088 12.775 12.7 18.263 21.438 25.49.525 9.525 14.275 17.475 12.675 12.7 21.438 25.4 28.575

- 9.525 15.088 19.05 - 12.7 23.825 27.788 31.75- 9.525 16.662 21.438 - 12.7 26.187 30.963 36.525- 9.525 19.05 23.825 - 12.7 29.362 34.925 39.675- 9.525 20.625 26.187 - 12.7 32.537 38.1 44.45- 9.525 24.613 30.963 - 12.7 38.887 46.025 52.375- 9.525 - - - 12.7 - - -- 9.525 - - - 12.7 - - -

- 9.525 - - - 12.7 - - -- 9.525 - - - 12.7 - - -

MINIMUM ALLOWABLE PIPE WALL THICKNESS (mm)

SCH STD SCH SCH SCH XS SCH SCH SCH40S 60 80 80S 100 120 140

1.3974 1.3974 - 1.3974 1.3974 1.3974 - - -1.461 1.461 - 1.461 1.461 1.461 - - -

1.5413 1.5413 - 1.5413 1.5413 1.5413 - - -1.7185 1.7185 - 1.7185 1.7185 1.7185 - - -1.8625 1.8625 - 1.8625 1.8625 1.8625 - - -2.014 2.014 - 2.014 2.014 2.014 - - -

2.2034 2.2034 - 2.2034 2.2034 2.2034 - - -2.3548 2.3548 - 2.3548 2.3548 2.3548 - - -2.5063 2.5063 - 2.5063 2.5063 2.5063 - 2.5063 -3.1502 3.1502 - 3.1502 3.1502 3.1502 - 3.1502 -3.7562 3.7562 3.7562 3.7562 3.7562 3.7562 3.7562 3.7562 3.7562

4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.45.0054 5.0054 5.0054 5.0054 5.0054 5.0054 5.0054 5.0054 5.0054

- 5.3847 5.3847 5.3847 - 5.3847 5.3847 5.3847 5.3847- 5.9907 5.9907 5.9907 - 5.9907 5.9907 5.9907 5.9907- 6.5967 6.5967 6.5967 - 6.5967 6.5967 6.5967 6.5967- 7.207 7.207 7.207 - 7.207 7.207 7.207 7.207- 8.4153 8.4153 8.4153 - 8.4153 - 8.4153 8.4153- 10.2395 - - - 10.2395 - - -- 12.0509 - - - 12.0509 - - -- 13.8685 - - - 13.8685 - - -- 15.6869 - - - 15.6869 - - -

Author: J.A.B. de Lange (in collaboration with C. Haslego)

SCH 160 XXS160

11.786 6.40115.545 11.02420.701 15.21533.986 27.9442.849 38.17753.975 44.98366.65 58.42

- -87.326 80.06

131.754 124.388173.056 174.63

215.9 222.25257.2 273.05

284.176 -325.424 -366.726 -400.05 -

490.524 -- -- -- -

SCH XXS160

4.775 7.4685.563 7.8236.35 9.093

7.137 10.168.738 11.0749.525 14.021

11.125 15.24- -

13.487 17.1218.263 21.94623.012 22.22528.575 25.433.325 25.435.712 -40.488 -45.237 -53.975 -59.538 -

- -- -

- -- -

SCH XXS160

1.3974 1.39741.461 1.461

1.5413 1.54131.7185 1.71851.8625 1.86252.014 2.014

2.2034 2.2034- -

2.5063 2.50633.1502 3.15023.7562 3.7562

4.4 4.45.0054 5.00545.3847 -5.9907 -6.5967 -7.207 -

8.4153 -- -- -- -- -

steam tracing

Documents