Spread of Chinese Civilization:

Japan,Korea, & Vietnam.

• I. Sinification

A. All 3 areas

B. Syncretism

C. Buddhism- key transmitter

• II. Japan

A. Imperial Age

1. 7th -9th Centuries

a. Taika 645-710

b. Nara 710 c. Heian 794-1185

2. Crisis at Nara & Shift to Heian

a. In 600s C.E. Imperial family Yamato rule from Nara

b. Late 700s Yamato rulers wanted to escape political influence of Nara’s Buddhist priest – Move to Heian

c. Heain Period 794-1185 CE

b. Restoration of aristocratic order

d. Taika reforms failed

e. Restoration of aristocratic order

f. Fujiwara- Noble family that gained dominance @ this period

emperor was a figure head & chancellors real power & rule

• 3. Court Life: Heian Era

a. Complex palaces & gardens

b. Aesthetic pursuits

c. Valued art & poetry

d. The Tale of Genji

(Lady Murasaki)

• B. Decline of Imperial Power

1. Fujiwara

2. Buddhist monasteries

3. Peasants under control of both

4. Failed to recognize power of local lords

• C. Rise of provincial Warrior Elite

1. Aristocratic-regional estates

a. Bushi

b. Samurai

c. Social impact

1. Blocked free peasantry

2. Pure Land Buddhism

• 2. Era of Warrior Dominance

a. 11-12th Centuries

b. Gempei Wars 1180s

a. Taira & Minamoto

b. 1185 Minamoto est. bakufu

1. Emperor & Court preserved

2. Power= family & samurai

d. Outcome of Gempi Wars

1. Two Shogunates govern Japan until 1500s

- Kamakura 1185-1333

- Ashikaga 1336-1573

2. Ashikaga- politically weak & decentralized

D. Comparing Feudalism

• 1. Similarities

Mutual ties &

obligation

Elite militaristic

values

• 2. Difference

Europe- contractual ties

Japan- group & individual bonds

• III. End Bakufu Dominance & Warlords

A. 1467-1477 civil war

1. Ashikaga factions

2. Divided Japan into 300 small states ruled by daimyo

• B. Artistic Solace / Troubled Times

1. Zen Buddhism

2. Painting, architecture, gardens, & tea ceremonies

IV. Tokugawa Shogunate & Consolidation of Japan 1603-1868 A. Reunification took over 50yrs (1560-1615)

B. Tokugawa Ieyasu- established shgunate 1. centralized power 2. stratification / rigid class system

3. renewed emphasis on Confucianism 4. isolationist policies 1649-1720s port of Nagasaki open

C. Economy, Society, & Culture 1. Rapid population growth

2. Double rice & grain production 3. Edo – becomes one of the worlds largest

cities 3. Merchant class grew wealth & power -anomaly to stratification

V. Meiji Japan 1868-1890 A. Opening of Japan 1. 1853 Matthew Perry

2. Western powers 3. Sat-Cho Alliance – anti-western rebellion

B. Meiji Restoration 1. first emperor in thousand yrs to have

imperial power 2. Japan becomes westernized

3. State Shintoism 4. Sino-Japanese War 1894-1895 occupation of Taiwan & Korea

5. Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905 1st time non-Western nation defeats

European

Imperial Japan 1890-1945