sponsor day on animal feeding: carbon footprinting of animal nutrition
DESCRIPTION
Sponsor Day on animal feeding 15th-16th May 2014 IRTA Mas Bover Aurthor: Dr. Christoph Guenther. BASF SETRANSCRIPT
Carbon Footprinting of Animal Nutrition
Dr. Christoph Guenther, BASF SE
IRTA Seminar on Animal FeedingConstanti, Tarragona/Spain, 15th May 2014
Why is sustainability an urgent issue??
Population growth and urbanization (especiallyin Asia and Africa) on our planet
Changing of diets due to higher income
Different nutrition behaviour because ofaging of population
Increasing demand of animal protein despitelimited global ressources
Farm industrialization and global value chains
Increase need of value chain transparency
Food safety requirements increase
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Population increase
Aging and Urbanisation
Limited resources
Problems of food production in the future
Climatic change will influence agriculture in a negative way World agricultural area (5 Mio. ha) is not expandable Water scarcity is an issue (geografically, seasonally) Soil fertility is gobally diminishing Phosphorus will become scarce and more expensive
What we need is a sustainableexpansion of food production.The challenge in the future is: Sustainable intensification or„produce more with less“
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Climate impacts of food choices in the United States
58 % of the impacts of food derive from food of animal origin
Carbon Footprint of food
4INTERNALSource: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/8395287.stm (2009)
Environmental impacts of food production and retailing
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Sustainability is becoming attractive to producers, retailers and consumers
The principle of sustainability is becoming more attractive to the industryas well as to consumers
Sustainable mainstream looks for product choices that have environmental improvements, no change in purchasing decisions unless the required performance and needed value are delivered.
Retailers already respond to these market needs and requirements of the society
The push of the production chain –from retailers to their suppliers –drives the development to moresustainable products (see NL)
Cost pressure*
Sustainability*combining ecology, economy and social aspects
High quality products and ingredients
Animal welfare
“Emerging“
“For years“* along the value chain
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Food safety transparency, preventive quality assurance, improved recall capabilities*
Copyright BASF
Key market trends
Hot Topics and the LCA to improve Product Sustainability for
Consumers
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Raw materials Production Consumption
Measure the actual sustainability performance of consumer goods
Improve resource utilization & product attributes
Understand market perception and hot spots
Measure the actual sustainability performance of customers’ product
Qualitative AnalysisQuantitative Analysis
Improved processes for a better sustainability product performance
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Raw materials Production Consumption
Understand market perception and hot spotsWhat are the relevant topics to whom?
Energy use? Water scarcity? Climate change? What else?
How should they be prioritized?
How do they fit to the strategy?
SET – applied sustainability Understanding market perception
Qualitative Analysis
Quantitative Analysis
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Raw materials Production Consumption
Understand market perception and hot spots
Measure the actual sustainability performance of consumer goods
Improve resource utilization & product attributes
Measure the actual sustainability performance of customers’ product
Raw material consumption
Land use
Water emissions
Potential toxicity
Total cost of owner-ship
Energy consumption
Air emissions
Solid waste
Risk potentialCopyright
BASF
Evaluated impact categories
Qualitative Analysis
Consumptive water
125/9/20143/29/2012
Impact on Ecobalance
APPOCPODPGHGWasteWater emissionsRaw material useEnergy use
AP: Acidification potential; ODP: Ozone depletion potential; POCP: Photochemichal ozone creation potential; GHG: Green house gas emissions
Importance of GHG for the ecobalance:Example Beef
6%
Importance of feed
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Contribution of feed to greenhouse gas emissions of pork production
BASF calculated with WestfleischCarbon Footprint for 1 kg pork
Source: Westfleisch 2011 15
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Contribution of nitrogen in excretionsto environmental pollution
Sources: Pelletier 2008, Boggia 2010, Ellingsen 2006
*including processing up to fresh meat unpacked
for 1 kg Fresh Poultry: 1,9 kg CO2 equiv.
Estimated carbon footprint for poultry based on life cycle analysis
% o
f CO
2Fo
otpr
int
100
0
20
40
60
80
Slaughter*On-farm emissions during rearingHatchery chicksPoultry feed (78%)
Greenhouse Gases
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Westfleisch rewarded with „Meat Vision Award“ for its sustainability strategy
18Source: http://www.westfleisch.de/en/press/press-releases/07052013-westfleisch-excels-in-sutainability.html
Effective longterm sustainability improvement
SET helped to determine first CO2 footprint for pork in 2009. Since then Westfleisch initiated several steps together with its supply chainpartners:
Domestic rapeseed meal partly replaced soybean meal in feed imported from overseas
Feed conversion improved Energy consumption at feed processing
reduced New technologies in the pig barn cut down
on energy consumption
Result: CO2 footprint for pork was 9% improvedwithin ~ 3 years
Effective measures reduced carbon footprint by 9 percent within three years
Feed production
Feed production PackagingPackagingFarmingFarming Harvesting &
ProcessingHarvesting & Processing
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Transport ⃰Transport ⃰
Carbon Footprint
2012 improved
by 9% compared to 2009.
This equals per 1 t of
pork driving a car for 2300 km
How to react?
Animal Nutrition Main levers in the value chain towards more sustainable livestock production*
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Land use/crop production
Animal living conditions & performance
Manure emission and management
Quality of final product
Nutrient losses & contaminationsEnsure feed quality/safety and avoid losses
Use land and crops efficiently to cover the rising demand
Promote vital growth of animals
Manage the nutrient balance & ensure proper manure management
Enable high quality products and support processing hygiene
Nutrition vs. fuel and food vs. feed leads to increased pressure to utilize available crops more efficiently
Deforestation and intensive land use (e.g. over fertilization) lead to increased Green House Gas emission
Monocultures and over‐exploitation will decrease biodiversity
Raw‐materials gets lost pre‐ or post harvest if handled inappropriately
Molding of crops lead to feed spoilage with Mycotoxins and/or put animals and consumers at risk
High stocking density to achieve low cost production Increased infection risk Insufficient supply with nutrients
High amount of manure on limited/restricted area for manure utilization Emission from manure to air (i.p. ammonia) and to water Litter hygiene and particular matters in air
High quality end‐products Hygiene during processing and slaughtering Safe product handling
Consolidated sustainability challenges Our levers to sustainable development
*based on market needs analysis
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Feed supports a better sustainable performance of meat via Less arable land (ha) used to produce the same amount of meat
– Improvement of feed conversion rate: produce more with less– Higher yields of crops
Optimized transport distances Feed accounts for 50 – 80 % of the Carbon footprint of food of animal origin,
due to – use of fertilizers, – crop protection, – land use and – feed production
Feed transports hot spots into meat like – deforestation, – reduced biodiversity and – working conditions
Examples for possible measures in feed to improve sustainability performance of food (1/3)
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Enzymes improve digestibility of the diet and influences animal welfare positively
– Phytase doubling of digestibility of Phytate P– Xylanasis reduction of antinutritive factors and improvement
of litter quality
Amino Acids reduce dietary protein levels and consequently lowerthe excretion of Ammonia. This results in less environmental impact due to
– Reduced water emissions– Reduced use of arable land for feed
Better animal welfare due to better air quality in housing systems
Examples for possible measures in feed to improve sustainability performance of food (2/3)
Natuphos®: Less inorganic phosphorus needed for feed and less emissions to the environment
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Land use/crop production
Animal living conditions & feed
Manure emission and management
End product quality
Resource efficiency
Less mineral phosphorus, protein and amino acids needed as Natuphos® supports digestion of phytate‐bound phosphorus and other complexed nutrients in feed
improvement of feed conversion rate
Minimizing eutrophication potentialUp to 30% less excretion of phosphorus1
Reduced dependency on market pricese.g. when phosphorus demand is higher Generally more by‐products like bran can be used
Minimizing zinc excretionUp to 60% less zinc excretion1
1 Gaudré et all, 2006
Use land and crops efficiently to cover the rising demand
Promote vital growth of animals
Manage the nutrient balance and ensure proper manure
management
Enable high quality products and
processing hygiene
Sustainability levers Sustainability contribution
Ensure feed quality/safety and avoid losses
Nutrient losses & contaminations
Natugrain® TS: Improved digestibilityof cereals, improved feed conversion
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Land use/crop production
Animal living conditions & feed
Manure emission and management
End product quality
Less feed needed & higher nutrient digestionImproved utilization of feed components in poultry and swine through better digestibility/ energy utilization of plant‐derived feed components („Non‐Starch Polysaccharides“) Higher weight gain, better feed conversion
Improved feed conversion rate with lower quality feed/by‐productsProducing more with less results in higher financial benefits
Improved litter qualityIncreased nutrient digestion and water resorption dryer/less sticky feces and improved hygienic conditions1Manage the nutrient balance
and ensure proper manure management
Enable high quality products and
processing hygiene
Sustainability levers Sustainability contribution
Use land and crops efficiently to cover the rising demand
Promote vital growth of animals
Ensure feed quality/safety and avoid losses
1 Ader P., et all. (2012): World´s Poultry Science Journal ‐ Supp. 1, 313‐316
Nutrient losses & contaminations
Examples for possible measures in feed to improve sustainability performance of food (3/3)
Use of higher amounts of feedstuffs which are byproducts of food production
– Part of their environmental freight is absorbed by other value chains
Acids preserve feedstuffs and minimize losses
Consider environmental and social hotspots of selected feedstuffs
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GHG of feed depends on dietarycomposition (Final fattening period)
Effect of 180 kg feed on 100 kg meat produced
Bar
ley
Triti
cale
Dis
tille
rsW
heat
. dr
ied
Soy
mea
l
Whe
at
Rap
eex
pelle
r
Rap
esee
dm
eal
Whe
atbr
an
Whe
atm
iddl
ings
Rye
Salt
Lysi
n
Lim
esto
ne
Suga
r bee
tm
olas
sis
Plan
t fat
Trac
eele
men
ts
Thre
onin
e
Vita
min
E50
Phyt
ase
Vita
min
mix
es
Elec
tric
ity
Aci
dm
ixes
liqui
d
Kg
CO
2e
Luprosil® and Amasil®: Less spoilage, improved hygiene, less cost long-term
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Land use/crop production
Animal living conditions & feed
Manure emission and management
End product quality
Prevention of spoilage by preserving feed and raw materialsThe use of BASF’s organic acids prevents the formation of molds & reduces feed spoilage
Improved feed and drinking water hygiene (reduced recontamination risk)Reduction of pH-level improved digestion of piglets less favorable environment for
microorganisms in basic feed ingredients, compound feed or drinking water (e.g. controlling Salmonella or other Gram negative bacteria)
Less spoilage, financial advantages• Reduced feed losses• Minimized health risk; • Preservation enables buying, when price
is low
Manage the nutrient balance and ensure proper
manure management
Enable high quality products and
processing hygiene
Sustainability levers Sustainability contribution
Use land and crops efficiently to cover the rising
demand
Promote vital growth of animals
Ensure feed quality/safety and avoid
losses
Nutrient losses & contaminations
SETBASF solution for
applied sustainability
Translation into brand or product positioning with tangible arguments
Create a new value dimension for your
product & brand
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Raw materials Production Consumption
Measure the actual sustainability performance of consumer goods
Improve resource utilization & product attributes
Understand market perception and hot spots
Quantitative Analysis Qualitative Analysis
BASF:SET – applied sustainabilityCreating a new value dimension
Improved processes for a better sustainability product performance
SET and the „National Cattlemen's Beef Association (NCBA)”
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SET in Practice:NCBA is using SET for a Beef Sustainability assessment andidentifying the path forwardimplementing a Hot Spot andLife Cycle Assessment.
NCBA represents more than 230,000 cattle breeders, producers and feeders in the USA
Improvement already achieved: 2005 - 2011
The overall environmental and social fingerprint of the beef industry improved by 7%
SET Value Proposition
The BASF SET program can help:
1. to define the journey
2. to identify the immediate opportunities for innovation
3. to develop a sustainability showcase
4. to reclaim a leading market position
5. to develop ideas for communication and marketing for differentiation and business benefit
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Identifying perceptive opportunities for optimization
Communicating/listening to value chain influencers
Understand where communication / marketing can be further optimized
BENEFITS
Conclusion
Conclusions
The demand of animal protein is rising globally
To fulfill these needs more sustainable production of food is a must (producemore with less)
Sustainability of food is also defined by the consumer
Sustainability performance of food of animal origin dependsvery much on the performance of feed
There is large potential to optimize feed in terms of efficiency (FCR) and environment (climate change, reduction of waste)
The BASF‘s SET concept gives sustainability a structure, makes it transparent and creates tangible arguments
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