SOYBEAN MEAL IN ANIMAL FEEDING

SOYBEAN MEAL IN ANIMAL FEEDING

Submitted to: Dr.Tanveer Ahmad

Submitted by: Waqas Nawaz 11-arid-975 DVM 3rd Semester

AN-201

ContentContent

What is soybean meal?1

Types of Soybean Meal2

Processing3

Anti-nutritional factors4

References7

Advantages & Disadvantages6

Soybean meal in different Animals5

What is Soybean Meal?What is Soybean Meal?Soybean meal(Soybean flour) flour made by grinding the solid residue of soybean oil productionScientifically called Glycine maxSoybean Meal + Water=Soybean MilkWidely used as filler suppliment source of protein in animal diets, including pig,

chicken,cattle, horse,sheep, and fish feed

CharacteristicsCharacteristics High nutritional value of plant protein source Excellent source of protein Amino acid profile is favorable Palatable & Digestible High energy & Nitrogen Fixer while Low fiber content Ca+(0.2%), P(0.37),Fe,Zn,Mn, carotene, Vit.D & B

complex High number of anti-nutritional factors Soybean best combined with cereal grains for AA Soybean meal,low protien(non-dehulled) Soybean meal, high protein (dehulled) Soybean meal, high oil (expeller)

Types of Soybean MealTypes of Soybean Meal

Different methods are used for oil extraction from the whole soybeans

Solvent extractionExpeller processOn the basis of these process 2 types are

used Soybean meal 44 Soybean meal 48 This is given on the basis of CP contents which are 44% & 48%

respectively Heat treatment improves the nutritional value of soybean meal

ProcessingProcessing

Schematic Diagram:Schematic Diagram:

Varities

Faisal

Kharif 93

Malakand 96

NARC 1

NARC 2

Swat 84

Wahab 93

Anti-Nutritional FactorsAnti-Nutritional Factors

Protease inhibitorsLectinPhytoestrogensSaponinsGoitrogenic factorsRachitogenic factorsPhytic acidMycotoxinsAllergensLipoxidase

Soybean Meal in Feeding of Different Animals Soybean Meal in Feeding of Different Animals

Ruminants:Important part of diet of ruminants due to:o More (60%) rumen-degradable proteino Good AA profileo High cell wall digestibilityo Palatable35% in dairy cows & beef30% in ewes20% in calves & lambs

ContinueContinueIn Dairy Cows:ProteinEnergyCrude fiberAmmonia+ve effect on feed intake,milk yield & milk protein contentsIf its price is high its alternatives are used. It is totally depends upon price.

In younge Calves:oProvides methionineoProvides lysine Limiting AAoProvides tryptophanoIt is provided to calves younger than 3 months

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In Sheep:

Protein Energy Crude fiber Ammonia +ve effect on feed intake,milk yeild & milk protein contents Low quality hay can be replaced by soybean meal to give same peformance

ContinueContinueIn Goats:

1.6% urea is added to soybean meal based diet to reduce the soybean meal resulting in lower feed cost

Soybean meal can be replaced by poultry meal & meat offals without altering the animal performance

Fat in soybean meal provides sustained energy Fatty acid support health skin & nervous system while Mg support skeletal

system

ContinueContinueIn Poultry:o Major protein source for poultry due to quality & amount of

protein and AA profileo Maize & soybean based diet provides all essential AA but

methionine...Avoid unprocessed beans

o Inclusion level Chicks 25% Broiler,breeder & laying hens 30-40%o Phytase added to corn-soybean layer

diets to increase the egg production,

egg weight & feed consumptiono Whole soybeans will soften the body

So avoid it & give 20-25% per diet

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In Rabbits:o Toasted soybean is given at 15-20% per dieto Raw soybeans have 15% less protein than mealo Provide proteino Provide energyo Provide fiberso Sunflower meal can replace soybean in pregnant &

lactating does

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In Fish:o Toasted soybean mealo Most commonly used in aquacultureo High energy & protein is good feed for fisho Alternative to fish mealo High digestibilityo More utilization (90-93%) of CP providedo Corn-soybean based diets fed to cat-fisho Found to be limiting in methionineo Highly palatable to warm water fisho Full fat soybeans are fed to cold water fish it has 18% fat vs 0.5% in soyBean Meal

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In Pig: Sick pig may get benefit from soybean meal in feed Add soybean meal to pig’s normal diet It will offer advantages Young pigs => In case of Procine Reproductive &

Respiratory Syndrome Virus <= received different amount of soybean meal in their feed

Monitor the growth & health as they recover Pigs with high soybean meal diet have better feed

efficiency & less fever than pigs with low soybean meal diet

So soybean meal is beneficial for the pigs even when they are sick

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In Dog: Excellent amino acid profile High protein Fiber Mg makes skeletal system strong Fatty acids help to support healthy skin,coat & Nervous

system Soy protein cause digestive issues in some dogs Fairly allergens Some dogs may thrive on this type of diet

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In Horse:o Horse needs only small amount of protein in diet which is

often met from good quality grass hayo Where good quality grass hay is not present, mare horse

needs about 1 pound digestible protein dailyo Soybean meal has 42-50% proteino Soybean meal is preferred to horses where good quality

grass hay is not present

Questions related to soybean meal in horse feeding:Questions related to soybean meal in horse feeding:

Q: Does anyone feed soybean meal to his young horses?

A: yes! Protein will give them a boost. About a pound per day for growing horses. But use it as a suppliment not as whole feed.

What is the best way to feed soybeans to horses?What is the best way to feed soybeans to horses?

Q: you have soybeans direct from the farmer; can you grind your own meal and feed it? If so, how do you determine the quantity?

A: Raw soybean has trypsin inhibitor that lowers the protein value. So heat them 1st to inactivate it. You can also soak them overnight before cooking them.

Feed ½ cup of whole beans or meal twice a day for an average sized horse (1000 lbs) to put “BLOOM” on your horse

Is a grain mix with corn, oats and soybeans okay for young horses?Is a grain mix with corn, oats and soybeans okay for young horses?

Q: Would this formula be appropriate for foals: Oats 700 lbs, corn 300 lbs, roasted soy 100 lbs plus supplement? & How to cost down?

A: Roasted soybeans adds more protein & a bit fat to ration but if you want to cost it down, you must add lucerne to replace soybean. The above mixture lack lucerne so add it. Mix 250lbs OAT, 250 lbs CORN, 17% lucerne pallets or meal with 1-2% molasses which provide 16% protein with 0.8% Ca & 0.3% P which is best for growing & breeding horses.

Feed it at the rate of 0.5-1.0% body weight & divide it into 2-3 meals per day with free amount of grass hay.

Top 9 reasons to keep horses away from soybeanTop 9 reasons to keep horses away from soybean

1. Urease & lipoxidase (so heat to inactivate them)2. Allergens (cause infection to animals)3. Anti-nutrients in soy (cause gastric distress)4. Goitrogens (depress thyroid functions)5. Genetically modified 99%soy(Pesticide contamination)6. Phytic acid (blocks the uptake of essential minerals)7. Natural chemical mimics estrogen (alter sexual

development)8. Sometimes it is insulin resistant & foal health problems9. Solvent used during extraction can cause some toxic

effects to the animals

Advantages & Dis-advantagesAdvantages & Dis-advantages

Advantages Disadvantages

Economical source of proteinPromptly available & Reproducible

Contain antinutritional factors i.e trypsin inhibitors & oligosaccharides

Poised AA profile complements that of other components i.e corn

Low methionine;possible more taurine requirements in cat

Taurine vegetable holds appearance of meat during canning

Low digestibilityTurgidity

Improved product textureSource of protien for vegetatrian diets

Poor feacal qualitySource of more soluble fiber

Source of dietry fiber Reduces trace mineral availabilityAllergic reaction to protienNagative intension for pet owners

References:References: www.Cattle-experts.com Soy Oligosaccharides and Soluble Non-starch Polysaccharides (Choct et al. (2010) Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci.

23(10):1386-1398) Page# 1387) Practical reading material by Dr. farooq sir (page#3) www.poultry.uga.edu Nutritional Properties and Feeding Values of Soybeans and Their Co-products(page#631) www.gauriagrotech.com Registered & released varities in Pakistan by NARC (page#5) www.esc.rutgers.edu www.drfuhrman.com www.livestocktrail.illinois.edu www.horses-arizona.com www.horses-arizona.com Nutritional Value of Soybean Meal(Teresa Banaszkiewicz Siedlce University, Natural Faculty,Poland) Page#6-12 www.poultryproductionnews.blogspot.com www.soyaqua.org www.targetagro.ru www.dressagedaily.com www.ingradients101.com www.agron.iastate.edu www.growinginagriculture.com www.wikipedia.com www.NARCPARC.com Soybean Meal - The "Gold Standard"by: Gary L. Cromwell Professor, Swine Nutrition) Page#2 Soybean Meal FAST FACTS (All pages) www.dailydoseequine.com www.thepoultrysite.com

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