Spiral productIntroduction Product description Customer values Performance data Operation Applications Product positioning Product flexibility

Juanita Ramirez, SHE Business Developer

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Pressure(580 psi) 100 barg (435 psi) 30 barg Temperature400C(752F)-50C(-58F) Spiral200 bargSpiral Range(150 psi) 10 barg 200C(400F)CustomStandard High Pressure

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Temperature: 1000C to 400C (max delta T= 200C)Design pressure:From FV to 100 barg Diff. Pressure:Up to 40 barg Materials:Any material that can be cold formed and welded such as: Carbon Steel, 316L, 304L, 316Ti, 904L, Titanium, Hastelloy C, 2205 DuplexHeat transfer area:From 1 to 2000 m2 per unitPressure vessel codes:PED, ASME, JISPerformance dataSpacing : 5 to 29 mm ( max done 70 mm)

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalAreas of useFouling FluidsSlurries and fibrous FluidsHeat recovery

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Product descriptionSpiral heat exchanger

ConnectionsCoverBody

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Product DescriptionWinding of a Spiral heat Exchanger

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Product DescriptionSpiral body

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Product DescriptionChannel closure

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Product DescriptionBodySpacing:5-29 mm to fit to media with or without studs.

Centre : Tubular - generally used

Closures:Different sealing methods with open or closed channels to allow access to channels.

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *When a fluid has to be isolated. PollutionLethal serviceThe fluid that has to be isolated comes through the center and is distributed in the channel trough openings

Product Description Closed center

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Product DescriptionCoverThese are used to retain pressure, seal the channels and allow access for maintenance.FlatReinforced

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Maldistribution is not possible! + Self cleaning effectConstant rectangular cross-section Customer valuesUptime operationThe Single-Channel geometry Cross-section decrease Local velocity increase Deposits removal

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *S&T are MULTI-CHANNEL units: the flow rate enter different tubes in parallel, and when some tubes start to foul, the local pressure drop will increase pushing the flow rate to find alternative ways and tubes to flow. The result is that the fouling, and then the clogging, of the tubes, will be very quick.SHE are SINGLE-CHANNEL units: the 100% of the flow rate enter one only channel. When fouling starts creating a layer, the flow rate will not find alternative ways, the cross-section will reduce and the local velocity will increase, scrubbing deposits and fouling that settled

S&T multichannel geometrySHE single-channel geometryCustomer valuesUptime operation

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Customer values Energy savingOutInOutInT1T2T1T2Closetemperature approachTemperature crossTrue counter current flow, Heat recovery possible!

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Single channel and studs arrangements promotes a good turbulenceEfficient heat transfer : 2 times higher than tubular exchanger (for a same HTA)

Minimised fouling : 25% higher wall shear stress than shell & tubesCustomer values Efficiency

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide * Minimized size : 2 to 5 times less installation & service space Reduced weight : 2 to 5 times less flooded weight

Reduced heat transfer surface and compact assembly with minimized hold-up volume Customer values Installation

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *8 Spirals 125m (1,2 x 2m) replaced 12 large Shell &Tubes (6m) 1 Spiral replaced 4 S&Ts, in operation since 1998 ( no cleaning !)Installation

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Customer values Maintenance Easy and full access : for mechanical or water jet cleaning up to 1000 bar Low maintenance: Self-cleaning design ensures minimum fouling and divides the cleaning frequency by 3.

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *BodyCoversConnectionsShell ( outer turn or separate)Spiral Liquid/Liquid Operation

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalHORIZONTAL MOUNTINGVERTICAL MOUNTINGSpiral Liquid/Liquid Operation

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Spiral Liquid/Liquid Operation

Alfa Laval

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Other possibilityType 1 Vertical, as condenser

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Alfa LavalSlide * Deep vacuum High volume flows Column mounting possibleBodyCoversConnectionsShellSpiral Gas/Liquid Condenser

Alfa Laval

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Alfa LavalSlide *Spiral Gas/LiquidOperation

Alfa Laval

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Overhead condenser (G)Simple reflux (G)Inerts/Condensate subcooling (1G-C)

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SpiralEnvironmental friendly

Direct mounting on the stripper column, is installed in a cold liquid absorption system which recovers 90 percent of the crude oil which previously escaped to the atmosphere during the loading of tankers. Norsk Hydros - NORWAY

Overhead condenserInerts/Condensate collection (2G-C)

Spiral

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Alfa LavalSlide *Spiral Steam HeaterHorizontal (3H) - Operation function

Alfa Laval

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Spiral multi stage condenser Type 4 - Operation function

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PVC application

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SHE : the best alternative

Fouling solver

Unique & robust design

Heat recovery

Proven design

Easy to service

to maximize the uptime runs

Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*Compact heat exchangers cannot obtain the high design pressure and temperatures as a shell & tube. However, with the welded compact heat exchangers, the range of use have increased greatly. Alfa Laval Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*In a type I spiral heat exchanger and the special versions G100 (column mounted), SW (sludge/water), STS (sludge to sludge) and DCU (divided channel unit) both sides have a spiral flow. These types are used for liquid to liquid, condensers and gas coolers. Alfa LavalWhat comes before: Cutting of strips and studs welding

The body consists of 2 strips of metal that are winded around a centerThis forms the channels, and then the channels are alternately welded on opposite ends to form the hot and the cols sides. Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval* Alfa LavalClosed- Closed, Open- Open. Alfa Laval* Alfa LavalWhen there is no suitable gasket for the fluid: sulphuric acid, hot oil Alfa Laval* Alfa LavalAt 200 C and 1 m diameter the flat cover can go to 6.5 bar, and above it is needed reinforced cover.

Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*The rectangular cross section keeps constant- No temperature peaks and no dead zonesFor non newtonian fluids (variations in shear rates change viscosity) is important to maintain a constant vel, so that it is evenly heated or cooled. Alfa Laval Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*El fluido caliente sale mas frio de lo que sale el fluido frio o el frio sale + caleitne de lo que sale el caliente Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*Turbulent Flow developed at Re >500 in the SHE vs 2300 S&T, better transfer coefficients Alfa Laval Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*Ammonia and sulphur removal Alfa Laval Alfa Laval* Alfa LavalGood choice when both fluids are fouling- self cleaning effect Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*Horizontal is std when liquids contain solids.Vertical if low conc of solids and min requirements of mechanical cleaning. If one medium is vapour also and one outlet is added for drainage of condensate.The picture of vertical is of 1996 Alfa LavalWhy the hot goes to the center, because of thermal expansion (cracks in entering) Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*For small to moderate amounts of inert gas. If there is much, the pressure drop increases. Alfa LavalNormally type 2 is used for 2 phase duties- spiral in vertical position1 fluid goes in cross- flow, the other in spiral flowOpen at both sides for the cross flow and closed for the spiral flowused when large volumes of vapour- allows for low PD. Vacuum serviceFor vapor: large circulation = high transfer coefficient rate, so wide channels and large cross section is better, different for liquids.

Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*G is always overhead condensers- connection sized to the equipment to which its being connected, without intermediate pipework.Cooling enters through periphery in spiral flow, vapours are fed through the bottomRight:vapour flow in spiral channel where it condenses. Access to both sides Alfa LavalStripping column: columna de extraccion Alfa Laval* Alfa LavalMixture of cross and sprial flow. Steam heater because main feature is that the liquid being heated by the steam is fouling (accesible).Just for pure vapour, for mixtures containing non condensables, flow and temp conditions cant be predicted. Condensate subcooling can be achieved. Alfa Laval* Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*Vapour and non condensables tipically in series and cooling media en parallel. Allows cooling media to be different. Taylor made.. Alfa Laval Alfa Laval*Consideraciones para el diseo: velocidades adecuadas, facilidad de limpieza

Reflux condenser: For cooling the PVC-reactor, a jacket water cooler is normally used. To increase the cooling capacity (reducing reaction time => increased yield) a reflux condenser can be installed. This duty usually involves high operating pressure and other conditions that might cause the VCM to polymerise in the heat exchanger. Alfa Laval has , together with EKO Chemicals in Greece developed a SHE-design to overcome the polymerisation problems. This design reduced the reaction time from 6 to 5 hours. Alfa Laval