Patron: Graham Dainty

Office Bearers:

President: Ian Smith

Vice President: David Tose

Past President: Stephanie Forrester

Secretary: Liz Collett Treasurer: Debbie Main Committee Members: Phil Melgren, Rosemary McGeachie, Barbara Lee, Les Ladbrook, Val Wardell

Editor: Rosemary McGeachie

r.mcgeachie@xtra.co.nz

Southland Photographic Society http://www.southlandphotographicsociety.com

September 2017

Southern Exposure

Meetings held at Age Concern Rooms in Forth Street, Invercargill at 7.30pm on the first & third Thursday of each month.

Camera Basics: 7pm

Results: A,B & C Grades

Objet d’Art

Set Subject: Non-Camera Image eg Cell Phone or Scanner!

Close: Championship Entries

Post-Processing: Exporting, Creating Presets

Guest Speaker: James Reardon, Wildlife Photographer

Short Presentation: Rina Sjardin-Thompson— now living in Okarito - if there is time

AGM - please come and have your say!

I was reading in the paper today about this dwarf that got pick-pocketed. How could anybody stoop so low?

Supper Duty for Meetings

7 September: Dayle Wright, Peter Aalders

21 September: David Clearwater, Chris Duggan

We started the evening with Craig McKenzie giving the NHx results in person. That was great, and we had time to question him in person and talk to him after the meeting. Thanks, Craig.

We then continued with the latest Objet d’Art pics. Not so many this time.

This was followed by PJ(3) results. Many apologies for my stuff-ups. Will do better next time (well, maybe!).

And finally we had pic from the July Club Trip to Alexandra. Great weekend, and great photos. Thanks to all who were on the trip, and sent in photos to show on the screen.

Another great night. Megan Graham was there in person to present the comments on the Tyree Bros. Portrait Competition. Thanks so much, Megan. Your time and effort is truly appreciated. This was followed by Roger’s presentation, including fabulous photography and comments on his trip last year to the Antarctic from South America. I thing everyone at the Meeting had wished they had been able to carry your bags for you! Three doctors are talking about death. And headstones. The first, a dentist, says, ‘When I die, I think I’d like my headstone to be shaped like a tooth made of white marble.’ ‘Hey,’ adds the cardiologist, ‘that’s not a bad idea, I’d love my headstone to be shaped as a heart…’ The gynaecologist is silent for a bit, then says, ‘I think a scattering of the ashes is my option.’ I had a mate who was really depressed. He was suicidal, so I pushed him in front of a steam train. He was chuffed to bits.

3 August

21 September

7 September

17 August

31 August Mini Workshop

If we can get enough people interested, the plan is for members to bring in their Laptops and a couple of images they would like help and advice with processing their image.

We will quickly run through the processing of one image from start to finish, and then members will process their images on their own laptops, and we will be there for help. Please make sure you have your batteries fully charged on your computer.

Les

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5 Tips for Setting the Focus in Your Landscape Photography

Where you should set your focus in landscape photography, where you are generally capturing more of a scene than a solitary subject? Where do you focus to ensure that everything in the scene is as sharp as possible? The answer isn’t always so clear. Therefore, in this article, we’ll cover some tips for helping you know where to set the focus.

Don’t Just Set the Focus at Infinity

If you are taking a picture where most things in the frame are far away, it might seem that you should just set the focus at infinity. If there is nothing close to you, then there is just no need to do anything else, you don’t need to overly complicate things. But more commonly there are aspects of the scene that are closer to you than infinity. Where do you set the focus then? You can get a pretty good sense of things without resorting to calculations. As a result, consider this rule of thumb: set the focus at infinity and then just turn it back a little bit.

Since you are taking an outdoor photo, you will probably not be shooting wide open, or even with a large aperture. So, there will likely be some depth of field involved. It doesn’t necessarily have to be a large depth of field, but the point is that it gives you some leeway. By pulling the focus forward, that leeway will still get everything out to infinity in focus. It will also get things a little closer in focus as well.

Try Focusing a Third of the Way into the Picture

Many pictures are ruined because the foreground is not sharp. It happens all the time. Therefore, if you have something in your scene that is close to the camera, focus on it. If the ground is prominent in your picture, set your focus close to you. Make sure that foreground is in focus. Often you will set the focus only a few feet in front of you.

But wait a second, you might ask, what about my background? Won’t it be out of focus or blurry?

Probably not. If you’re using your wide-angle lens (and if you are taking a outdoor photo that has a discrete foreground, then you probably are) you will have a wide depth of field, even at moderate to large apertures.

Focus on the Subject Matter

When you have a definite subject or centre of interest in your photo, just focus on that. It is the most important part of your picture and you absolutely need it in focus. Don’t worry about your foreground; don’t worry about your background. Just make sure the subject is in focus. Frankly, if there is a little fall-off in sharpness from your subject, that will probably not be such a bad thing.

Watch the Aperture

There are no free lunches in photography. You probably already know that by using a smaller aperture to get a larger depth of field, it will cost you light. The smaller aperture lets in less light so you will have to use a longer shutter speed (risking blur if you aren’t using a tripod) or raise the ISO (risking digital noise in your picture). But the smaller aperture will also lead to something called diffraction, particularly in cameras with smaller digital sensors. Therefore, just using the smallest aperture possible isn’t always the answer. You cannot just set your focus anywhere and rely on a super-wide depth of field to save you.

There are two ways around this issue though, which we’ll talk about next.

Know Your Hyperfocal Distance

Hyperfocal distance is just a fancy name for determining how close you can set your focus, and still keep your background acceptably sharp. There are apps and calculators that will tell you this distance depending on your aperture, sensor size, and focal length.

Knowing the hyperfocal distance will often liberate you to set the focus point quite close, in

order to maintain sharp foregrounds in your picture. It also means you often don’t need to use the smallest aperture your lens offers, so you can avoid the effects of diffraction.

Consider Focus Stacking

When the methods above won’t work for you, or you just need to make sure absolutely everything in the photo from front to back is tack sharp, you may want to consider focus stacking. Here you take multiple pictures of the same Scene using different focus points. This method is not a cure-all. It obviously won’t work with moving subject matter. In addition, it can be tedious, and you risk slightly moving the camera since you have to twist the focus ring between shots. Still it can be a powerful tool for maintaining focus and sharpness throughout your entire picture.

Adapted from: Jim Hamel

digital-photography-school.com

A senior, white haired man from Remuera, entered a very upmarket Auckland jewellery store last Friday evening with a beautiful, much younger, woman on his arm. He told the jeweller he was looking for a really special ring for his new girlfriend. The jeweller looked through his stock and brought out a $10,000 ring. The Remuera man said, ‘No, no, that’s a mere bauble … I'd like to see something much more special.’ Hearing that, the jeweller went to his special display case and brought out another ring for inspection. ‘Here's a stunning ring at only $140,000’ he said. The young lady's eyes sparkled and her whole body trembled with excitement. Our Remuera hero on seeing this said, ‘Yes. I think we'll take it’. The jeweller asked how payment would be made and our man replied ‘By cheque. But I know you’ll need to make sure my cheque is good, so I'll write it now, you can call the bank on Monday to verify the funds and we'll pick the ring up Monday afternoon’. On Monday morning, the jeweller angrily phoned the old man exclaiming ‘There's no money in that account’. ‘I know’, said the old man wearily … ‘but let me tell you all about my fantastic weekend!’ The moral of the story? ... Not all seniors are senile old .....’s.

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An Apology The following results in August’s Newsletter were incorrect.

Now corrected as follows.

Open A&B(3) Grade

Projected Images A Grade

Eric Miller ‘Lovely Lady-Proj B_W’ - Merit ‘Miley PROJ B_W’ - Merit

B Grade Barbara Lee ‘Sharing a joke’ - Honours

Natural History (3) Projected Images A Grade Chris Watson ‘Sparrow’ - Honours

B Grade Les Ladbrook ‘Heavens Above’ - Accepted ‘Skylark’ - Honours Barbara Lee ‘Lenticular cloud’ - Accepted ‘thunderstorm with forked lightning at night’ - Accepted Cheryl McMath ‘PUKEKO Porphyrio melanotus resized’ - Honours Val Wardell ‘Noisy Miner (Australia)’ - Accepted ‘Kotuku pair in breeding plumage’ Honours Dayle Wright ‘Thalassarche bulleri’ - Accepted ‘Haematopodidae’ - Honours

C Grade Richard Adams

‘McLean Falls’ - Accepted

‘Kea - Nestor notabilis’ - Merit

David Clearwater

‘Aurora Australis ( Picket

fence)’ - Merit

Margaret Kalweit ‘Blue Damselflies’ - Accepted

Mark Phillips

‘Sweet briar rosehip detail

(Rosa rubiginosa)’-

Honours

Anna Stewart

‘White Striped Anemone’ -

Accepted

‘Yellow Eyed Penguin’ -

Accepted Shane Todd ‘Black Swan and Cygnet’ - Accepted Eb Wijkstra ‘Chipmunk_Parry_Sound_CA’ - Accepted ‘Chipmunk_Parry_Sound_CA’ - Accepted ‘Canadian_goose_Niagara_Falls’ Accepted

Prints B Grade Peter Aalders ‘sealion-family’ - Merit ‘seedhead-dandelion’ - Accepted Cheryl McMath ‘NZ Sea Lion Family resized’ - Accepted Chris Watson ‘South Island robin’ - Honours ‘Pukeko’ - Honours

C Grade Margaret Kalweit ‘Blue Damselfly’ - Honours ‘Wood pigeon’ - Honours Mark Phillips ‘German Wasp ( Vespula germanica )’ - Merit

Photojournalism (3) Projected Images Annie Carmichael ‘Forget the Ball - Lets Dance!!’ - Accepted ‘Wool Sorter - Checking for Quality’ - Merit Chris Duggan ‘Canine Atitude’ - Accepted ‘Into The Corner’ - Accepted Peter Emms ‘steam punk tea pot race’ - Accepted ‘Casey Junior’ - Accepted Stephanie Forrester ‘The Fisherman's Lifeline’ - Honours Margaret Kalweit ‘Budding All Blacks’ - Accepted ‘The jump’ - Accepted Les Ladbrook ‘Joy’ - Accepted ‘The_Carpenter’ - Merit

Results Barbara Lee ‘Bit close for comfort’ - Merit ‘You want a close up -will this ‘ do’ - Merit Cheryl McMath ‘Chilly Ride Resized’ - Accepted ‘SAFE’ - Accepted Bill Shieffelbein ‘Stu Mitchell AP6 Valiant Pre 65 class’ - Accepted Ian Smith ‘Don't Mess With Me’ - Accepted Anna Stewart ‘Stubble Burn’ - Accepted Shane Todd ‘When I Grow Up…’ - Accepted Val Wardell ‘Shotover Jet’ - Accepted Chris Watson ‘Running the line’ - Merit ‘Catch me if you can’ - Honours David Watson ‘Fun Day Out’ - Accepted ‘Southern Response’ - Merit Dayle Wright ‘Learning to skip’ - Accepted

Prints Chris Duggan ‘Mud Mania’ Merit ‘Maximum Lean’ - Honoursa Chris Watson ‘Clean Break’ - Merit ‘Full speed ahead’ - Merit David Watson ‘The Smile’ - Accepted ‘Getting It Straight’ - Accepted

Tyree Bros Portrait Competition 2017 Projected Images Peter Aalders ‘the-Boss’ - Accepted ‘farm-girl’ - Merit Richard Adams ‘Megan’ - Accepted Annie Carmichael ‘Lawrence (of Arabia)’ - Accepted ‘Suzi’ - Accepted Sharon Cooper ‘Pa Rum Pum Pum Pum’ - Accepted ‘Supreme Commander Battle Lord’ - Merit

Graham Dainty ‘Vintage Steampunk’ - Honours - First ‘Finishing Touches’ - Accepted Chris Duggan ‘Hidden Beauty’ - Accepted ‘The Rabbi’ - Accepted Stephanie Forrester ‘Zac’ - Merit Anita Haywood ‘My best friend’ - Accepted

4

Les Ladbrook ‘Lucas’ - Accepted ‘Harper’ - Accepted Wayne Leary ‘Ari’ - Accepted ‘Cool’ - Accepted Barbara Lee ‘Uncompromising’ - Accepted ‘You really want to photography me’ - Merit Eric Miller ‘Selena Spymistress’ - Merit ‘Himself’ - Honours Mike Pemberton ‘Hands of Time’ - Accepted Mark Phillips ‘kim’ - Merit Mark Stephens ‘Toujours Regarder’ - Accepted Ian Smith ‘Whiskery Wethey’ - Accepted ‘Kapa Haka Warrior’ - Accepted Kat Smith ‘Lilly’ - Accepted ‘The face of wisdom, light and love’ - Accepted Shane Todd ‘Redeemed Biker’ - Accepted ‘Steam Punkers’ - Accepted Dave Tose ‘Gilbert’ - Merit ‘Dark Thoughts’ - Honours Roger Wandless ‘Radiance and Grace’ - Accepted ‘Jade 1’ - Accepted Chris Watson ‘Sisters’ - Accepted ‘The Mafia’ - Accepted Dave Watson ‘Tough Times’ - Accepted Val Wardell ‘Cute Lad’ - Accepted ‘Autumn Fun’ - Accepted Dayle Wright ‘Hope deferred’ - Accepted ‘In another world’ - Merit

Prints Chris Duggan ‘Fred’ - Accepted ‘Mad Max 2’ - Merit Anita Hayman ‘The 3 amigos’ - Accepted ‘My grungy teen’ - Accepted Wayne Leary ‘Cabaret’ - Accepted ‘Sunday’ - Accepted Eric Miller ‘Happy’ - Merit ‘Bronwyn’ - Honours Mark Phillips ‘Kim Reflections’ - Accepted Dave Tose ‘Walter’ - Merit Val Wardell ‘The Twins’ - Accepted ‘Claudia - The Young Mona Lisa’ - Accepted

Roger Wandless ‘A Master Craftsman at Work’ - Honours - First ‘A quiet moment’ - Merit Chris Watson ‘Rylee’ - Accepted ‘Ava’ - Accepted Dave Watson ‘Dark Nemesis’ - Honours A vampire bat came flapping in for the night covered in fresh blood and parked himself on the ceiling of the cave to get some sleep. Pretty soon all the other bats smelled the blood and started hassling him about where he got it. He told them to piss off and let him get some sleep, but they persisted until he finally gave in. ‘Okay, follow me’ he said and flapped out of the cave with hundreds of bats behind him. Down through a valley they went, across a river and into a forest of trees. Finally he slowed down and all the other bats excitedly milled around him. ‘Now, do you see that giant oak over there?’ he asked. ‘YES, YES, YES’ all the other bats SCREAMED in a frenzy. ‘Good’ said the first bat, ‘because I b…..y didn't!’

Dearest Dad, I am coming home to get married soon, so get your cheque book out. I'm in love with a boy who is far away from me. As you know, I am in Australia .. and he lives in Scotland. We met on a dating website, became friends on Facebook , had long chats on Whatsapp. He proposed to me on Skype, and now we've had two months of a relationship through Viber. My beloved and favourite Dad, I need your blessing, good wishes, and a really big wedding. Lots of love and thanks. Your favourite daughter, Lilly THE RESPONSE My Dear Lilly, Like Wow! Really? Cool! Whatever ... I suggest you two get married on Twitter, have fun on Tango, buy your kids on Amazon, and pay for it all through PayPal. And when you get fed up with this new husband, sell him on eBay. Love, Your Dad

A one-legged pirate with a hook for a hand and a patch on his eye walks into the bar. Bartender says: ‘You must be a pirate. ‘Aarrgh’, sez the pirate. ‘If you don't mind me asking’, says the bartender, ‘how did you lose your leg?’ ‘Aarrgh, I fell overboard and the sharks took 'er,’, sez the pirate. ‘Sad’, says the bartender. ‘And how did you lose your hand’? ‘Aarrgh, I feel overboard again, and the sharks took 'er’. ‘Tragic, says the bartender. ‘Did the sharks take your eye too’? ‘Naarrgh’, sez the pirate. ‘T'was a sandfly bite’. ‘You mean a sandfly bite took your eye out??’, says the astonished bartender. ‘Naargh, sez the pirate. ‘T'was da first day wit me new hook’.

A piece of string walks into a bar and orders a drink. It is barely recognisable as it is shabby and disheveled. The man next to it asks out of curiosity, ‘Are you a piece of string?’ And it answers, ‘No, I'm a frayed knot’. A Texan walks into a pub in Ireland and clears his voice to the crowd of drinkers. He says, ‘I hear you Irish are a bunch of hard drinkers. I'll give $500 American dollars to anybody in here who can drink 10 pints of Guinness back-to-back.’ The room is quiet, and no one takes up the Texan's offer. One man even leaves. Thirty minutes later the same gentleman who left shows back up and taps the Texan on the shoulder. ‘Is your bet still good?’ asks the Irishman. The Texan says yes, and asks the bartender to line up 10 pints of Guinness. Immediately the Irishman tears into all 10 of the pint glasses, drinking them all back-to-back.

The following SPS Members had images accepted for possible selection in the above Competition.

Open

Roger Wandless FPSNZ ‘Bereaved’ Stephanie Forrester LPSNZ ‘Lone Sentinel’ Chris Watson ‘What Are You Looking at’ Kat Smith ‘Wisdom, Serenity, Love’

Nature

Graham Dainty ‘Ground Weta (Hemiandus) Moulting’

Four Nations Competition 2017

On-Line AV

This is something that Eric (the Master Photographer) pointed out to me recently. It will be of interest to those of you doing portraits. It may also maybe something that may have been commented on in the recent Tyree Bros. Portrait Competition - lack of definition of head and shoulders in a portrait.

Right Click on this to open Hyperlink.

5

3 Reasons Why You Should Switch To Back Button Focus Over the past couple of years I’ve become a huge advocate for making the switch to back button focus. It was one of the most revolutionary changes I ever made to how I take pictures. It seems like such a small thing, yet it’s such a huge difference in the way your camera works. I honestly don’t know why this isn’t the standard setting on all cameras because after getting acclimated to this setting, I honestly can’t understand the meaning for or use of the ‘shutter half way down’ method. No More Switching Your Lens To Manual Focus

This little advantage takes some getting used to, mainly because for the first few weeks after switching to BBF you’ll likely keep switching your lens to manual focus out of habit. When your focus is set to your shutter button, you have to switch your lens to manual focus so your camera doesn’t refocus when you go to take the picture. Otherwise, you’d set your focus manually, then you’d press the shutter half way down and the camera would override what you manually set. How annoying! When you switch to BBF you no longer need the focus mode selector on your lens because the camera will no longer refocus when you press the shutter down. In most cases, your AF-ON button will be used for focus and focus only. So you’re free to use your shutter button as just that, a shutter!

For this shot in Riomaggiore, Italy I had my camera up on a tripod and dialed in focus manually using Live View on the back of my camera. No More Refocusing Every Time You Let Go of the Shutter

This was one of the most frustrating things I ran into when I used the ‘shutter half way down’ method of focusing. Sure you can lock in focus by holding the shutter half way down, then focus will stay locked as long as you hold your shutter in limbo. But then you have to hold your finger there! If you really think

about it, doesn’t that sound absurd? If you let go or accidently lift your finger just a little bit, the camera will refocus as soon as you press it down again. Or press the shutter a little too hard and you will take a picture before you’re ready. With BBF, you can set focus and it will stay set until you decide to change it. For wedding photographers, that means that you can be at the end of the aisle while the bride and groom are giving their vows. You aren’t moving and neither are they. You can use the centre AF point and focus on the brides face with your telephoto lens and then you’re set for as long as you’re in that position. With the old method, you’d have to refocus on the bride or grooms face with each shot. That’s how you end up with throw away shots where you accidently focused on the ministers face instead of the bride or groom. And let’s just hope you don’t have to hand over a set of photos of the kiss with a blury bride and groom and a sweaty, tack sharp minister.

Once I set focus on the town of Varenna on Lake Como I no longer needed to worry about focus (with a subject this far away focus was at infinity). With BBF I didn't have to worry about my camera refocusing when I was ready to press the shutter down. Use Servo for Almost All of Your Focusing Needs

The two main types of auto focus on your camera are (on a Canon) One-Shot and AI-Servo. On a Nikon they are called AF-Single (AF-S) and AF-Continuous (AF-C). One-Shot means that when you press your AF-ON button (or the shutter half way down) your camera will set focus one time based on where the subject is at the given time. If your subject moves or if you move, you have to reset your focus. This method wouldn’t work very well if you were photographing your kids running around the sprinkler in the summer, or photographing a football game with fast moving subjects. That’s why there’s another method of focusing called AI-Servo (AF-C on Nikon). This method blew me away the first time I discovered it. Servo focusing actually tracks focusing on moving subjects. So if you’re at the park with your dog playing fetch and

your dog is running full sprint to bring the ball back to you, you can place a single focus point of him in Servo mode and fire off as many shots as your camera can take before the buffer runs out. Assuming that you have a fast enough shutter speed, you should have a very high percentage of sharp, in focus images. So the thing I started to notice about having the camera in Servo mode is that I could use Servo just like One-Shot. You see, to use Servo focusing with BBF you have to constinuously hold down the AF-ON button to track focus. So if you have a still subject you can simply tap the AF-ON button and focus will stop adjusting when you let go of the button. I’ve found that if you have a still subject and hold down the AF-ON button in Servo mode, the camera will keep trying to work to find focus. So the subject will start going slightly in and out of focus because the camera thinks it should be looking for a moving subject. But again, if you simply tap the AF-ON button and let go when you see that your subject is in focus, you are good to go. When you practise this and it becomes second nature, it’s a very fast process that really takes no brain power or time at all. When I photographed this helicopter it was headed straight for me, holding down the AF-ON button in AI-Servo I was able to track focus as it moved closer to me.

James Brandon When fish are in schools they sometimes ... take debate.

The moon shown silver on the waters of the lake, and the waves that were beating on the shore were hardly equal in intensity to the waves of passion nearby. One ardent couple paused long enough for the young man to whisper, ‘Darling am I the first man to make love to you ?’ Her tone upon answering was slightly more than irritable. ‘Of course you are!’ she said. ‘And also the best too. I don't know why you men always ask the same old ridiculous questions.’

My wife was standing nude, looking in the bedroom mirror. She was not happy with what she saw and said to me, ‘I feel horrible; I look old, fat and ugly and right now I really need you to pay me a compliment.' I replied, ‘Your eyesight's darn near perfect.’ And then the fight started........

6

Warning - Culturally insensitive I was walking down the road when I saw an Afghan bloke standing on a fifth floor balcony shaking a carpet. I shouted up to him, ‘what's up Abdul, won't it start?’

If 4 out of 5 people SUFFER from diarrhoea, does that mean that one out of five actually enjoys it?

Do Lipton Tea employees take 'coffee breaks?'

I called an old school friend and asked what was he doing. He replied that he is working on ‘Aqua-thermal treatment of ceramics, aluminium and steel under a constrained environment’. I was impressed...... On further enquiring I learnt that he was washing dishes with hot water.....under his wife's supervision. What hair colour do they put on the driver's licenses of bald men? (I have wondered this for years!!!)

If lawyers are disbarred and clergymen defrocked, then doesn't it follow that electricians can be delighted, musicians denoted, cowboys deranged, models deposed, tree surgeons debarked, and dry cleaners depressed? If not, I want to know why! Confucius say, man who runs behind car will get exhausted, but man who runs in front of car will get tired.

Hosting the Southern Regional 2019

Our Club has been asked by Toya Heatley from PSNZ if we would consider hosting the Southern Regional Conference in 2019. This is well within the capabilities of our club to do, but it is a lot of work and requires a core group of focused club members outside of the normal committee to take this project on and make it a success.

The aim of the regional convention is to encourage all camera club members (and those

outside of clubs):

To attend and experience quality workshops run by New Zealand photographers who excel

in their field.

To enter a regional salon where their images are judged and displayed in the same manner

they would be at a national event - allowing the experience without all the pressure of

the national salons. A chance to safely dip their toes into competitions outside of their

local club.

To experience the fun and comradeship of meeting with other photographers who enjoy

the same hobby as they do.

To experience and explore other genres of photography and step outside their comfort

zone.

To learn and grow as photographers.

PSNZ Conventions are hosted by clubs and societies on behalf of the PSNZ and with the full

support and backing of the PSNZ. New systems are being put in place all the time that make

this an easier and more profitable experience for the hosting clubs.

Some benefits of being the hosting club are:

Media exposure of your club, promoting new membership opportunities.

A chance to showcase your local area and all its photographic treasures.

Provide a fun and educational event for your club membership to attend to help them grow

as photographers.

A share of any profit to increase your club funds.

A fun experience for all who attend.

We would not be running the salon.

Committing to this requires the wider membership to indicate a healthy level of enthusiasm.

Feedback to myself or a committee member on how you feel about this would be very much

appreciated. We will also talk more about it next club night.

Ian Smith

President