soil resources management at ukraine

National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine

National Scientific Center «Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky»

Soil resources management at Ukraine

Sviatoslav Baliuk – Director, Professor, Doctor of Agrarian Sciences,Academician of UAAS

Arkadiy Levin – Head Specialist, coordinator of NSC ISSAR international projects

OUR PROPOSALS

•• To organize an International Center for research and To organize an International Center for research and protection of chernozem soils with offices in the protection of chernozem soils with offices in the interested countries;interested countries;

•• To create the modern soils quality laboratory and the To create the modern soils quality laboratory and the Center of soil monitoring researches in Ukraine on the Center of soil monitoring researches in Ukraine on the basis of our Institute;basis of our Institute;

•• To carry out joint researches within the program To carry out joint researches within the program Horizon 2020.. We are ready to send our proposals on Horizon 2020.. We are ready to send our proposals on 20142014--2015 to the interested partners;2015 to the interested partners;

•• To improve the information support of Soil To improve the information support of Soil Management:Management:

-- we are ready to participate in preparation of the different inwe are ready to participate in preparation of the different information formation materials (materials (««World soil resourcesWorld soil resources»», new edition , new edition ““Degradation of world soilsDegradation of world soils””(1992), new Ukrainian soil maps for the atlas of soils of Europe(1992), new Ukrainian soil maps for the atlas of soils of Europe etc);etc);

-- we propose to organize in Ukraine the thematic soil excursions we propose to organize in Ukraine the thematic soil excursions with with demonstration of Ukrainian soils at different climatic conditiondemonstration of Ukrainian soils at different climatic condition;;

-- we are interested in training of our experts, in particular youwe are interested in training of our experts, in particular young scientists, in ng scientists, in soil institutions of the European countries.soil institutions of the European countries.

Location of reaserch institutions for

State Science&Technology program "Fertility, Protection and Rational Use of Soils"

Main aspects of science activities of National Scientific Center «Institute for Soil Science and Agrochemistry

Research named after O.N. Sokolovsky»:

• Diagnostics of soil condition, division into districts, soil monitoring,

• Soil conservation & protection, • Soil bonitet assessment; • Soil protection from erosion and technogenic pollution;• Protection and rational use of solonetzic, alkaline,

irrigated and drained lands;• Agrochemical provisions for agriculture;• Soil-saving technologies of soils’ fertility reproduction.

LANDS RESOURCES OF UKRAINELANDS RESOURCES OF UKRAINESlide 5

LANDS RESOURCES OF UKRAINELANDS RESOURCES OF UKRAINE

Lands’ Category Thousand ha %Total Lands, thousand ha 60354,860354,8 100100

Agricultural Purpose Lands 42337,642337,6 70,170,1

Arable Lands 32544,132544,1 53,953,9

Fallows 404,8404,8 0,70,7

Lands under Long-Term

Plantings912,8912,8 1,51,5

Grassland Meadows 2410,22410,2 4,04,0

Pastures 5528,55528,5 9,19,1

SOIL MAP OF UKRAINESOIL MAP OF UKRAINE

SoilsFarming

lands sites, thousand ha

Arable lands, %

Light grey forest, Grey forest and Dark grey podzolized soils 4333,4 80,5Soddy podzolic soils, Podzolized, Gleyed soils 3850,2 74,1Dark chestnut, Chestnut alkaline, Meadow-chestnut alkaline, Solonetzs chestnut 1382,9 80,0

Brown soils (Podzolized, Podzolic, Meadow-Brown- podzolic, Gley soil) 1110,0 43,9Cinnamonic mountain rock debris soils 48,5 26,2Meadow–swamped and Swamped soils 975,3 7,9Aluvial meadow and Meadow–swamped 781,9 18,8Peat swamped soil 559,4 14,9Soddy sand and Clay–sand soils 505,5 24,2Others 647,9 37,5Total 39822,9 78,5

SOIL RESOURCES OF UKRAINE SOIL RESOURCES OF UKRAINE Slide 7

Podzolized chernozems 3418,7 91,6Typical chernozems 5779,6 91,8Regular chernozems 10488,6 88,3Southern chernozems 3639,9 88,8Meadow–cernozemic and cernozem-meadow soils 2038,9 60,0

SOIL RESOURCESSOIL RESOURCES & & CHERNOZEM SOILS OF CERTAIN CHERNOZEM SOILS OF CERTAIN STATESSTATES

StatesStatesPopulation,Population,

miomio

AreaArea

SoilsSoils Arable landsArable lands ChernozemsChernozems

TotalTotal, , mio hamio ha

Per capita, 1

ha


Per capita,

1 ha


Per capita,

1 ha

UkraineUkraine 45,6 60,4 1,32 32,4 0,71 27,8 61,0

RussiaRussia 143,1 1710,0 11,95 123,9 0,87 145,4 102,0

PolandPoland 38,2 31,3 0,82 14,2 0,37 0,4 1,0

RomaniaRomania 21,5 23,8 1,11 9,3 0,43 1,6 7,4

GermanyGermany 81,7 35,7 0,44 11,8 0,14 0,7 0,8

ChinaChina 1350,5 959,7 0,71 143,6 0,10 38,0 2,8

CanadaCanada 34,9 998,5 28,61 45,4 1,30 7,6 21,8

USAUSA 313,3 951,9 3,04 175,2 0,56 55,1 17,6

TotalTotal 7 млрд 13050 1,89 1362 0,19 314,3 4,5

DEGRADED SOILS PROPAGATION IN UKRAINEDEGRADED SOILS PROPAGATION IN UKRAINE

Types of degradation Extent (%) according to degree

Light (L)

Moderate(M)

Strong (S)

Total

Fertility decline and reduced humus content 12.17 29.90 1.16 43.22

Overcompaction 10.14 27.82 0.27 38.23

Sealing and crusting 12.05 25.22 0.27 37.53

Water erosion, surface wash 3.18 13.23 0.47 16.88

Soil Acidification 5.18 8.87 0.00 14.05

Waterlogging 5.54 5.60 1.76 12.91

Soil pollution by radionuclides 4.93 5.93 0.10 10.97

Wind erosion: loss of topsoil 1.04 8.55 0.92 10.51

Soil pollution by pesticides and other organic contaminants

2.25 6.66 0.29 9.20

Soil pollution by heavy metals 0.52 7.07 0.45 8.03

Salinization / alkalinization 0.92 3.22 0.14 4.28

Water erosion: “terrain deformation” by gully 0.00 0.77 1.85 2.62

Off–site effects of water erosion 0.24 1.34 0.92 2.49

Lowering of the soil surface 0.05 0.15 0.15 0.35

Wind erosion: “terrain deformation” 0.04 0.23 0.08 0.35

Soil aridification 0.04 0.18 0.00 0.21

SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON SOILS AND SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON SOILS AND

SOIL COVERSOIL COVER• Materials of large-scale soil observation 1957- 1961; • Land Inventory Cadaster;• Materials of Agrochemical Certification of agricultural lands; • Information on meliorative status of irrigated and drained

lands, and data from eco- melioration monitoring; • Data from scientific institutions of NAASU and higher

educational entities/ (field soil studies, stationary field experiments etc).

NECESSARY PROVISIONS TO BE IMPLEMENTED: • Large-scale soil cover survey; • State soil monitoring;• Reconstruction of field experiments and launching a new

series.

Supplement B: Catrography of mobile phosphorus contents in agricultural soils of Ukraine Slide 12

Electronic Soil Maps in Three Scales:

Slide 13Ukraine

1:1,000,000

Kharkiv region, 1: 750,000

Vovchansk district, 1: 200,000

Soil & technological conditions Slide 13A

for soil-tillage differentiation

STATIONARY FIELD EXPERIMENTS

Total: - efficiency of fertilizers (32), - tillage of soils and crop rotations (24), - soil-conservation systems (6), - ecological agriculture (24), - complex agroecological systems (11).

Terms of Implementing

• Up to 20 years - 39;• Up to 50 years – 51;• Over 50 years – 7

WAYS OF SOLVING THE PROBLEM Slide 15

OF SOILS FERTILITY RECOVERY

Legislative and normative & legal support

Normative and methodology support

Information support

Technological support, innovative technologies

Scientific and personnel support

Financial support

Use of international experience of soil-saving activities

NORMATIVE & LEGAL SUPPORTNORMATIVE & LEGAL SUPPORT Slide 16

OF SOILS PROTECTIONOF SOILS PROTECTION

• Land Code of Ukraine• The Law of Ukraine "On Lands Protection"• The Law of Ukraine "On the State Control

of Use and Protection of Lands"• The Law of Ukraine "On Modification of

Acts of Ukraine on Preservation of Soils Fertility"

NORMATIVE & LEGAL BASE NORMATIVE & LEGAL BASE Slide 17

THAT DEMANDS ELABORATIONTHAT DEMANDS ELABORATION

• a Law on soils, their protection and fertility

• a Law on monitoring of soils

• a Law on the National (State) program of protection of soils fertility and a Nation-wide program of use and protection of lands

• a Law (or Resolution of the Cabinet of Ukraine) on creation of a Public service agency for protection of lands & soils

Standartization and Normative Support Standartization and Normative Support Slide 18

of Soil Fertility Protectionof Soil Fertility Protection

Normative documents being elaborated and enacted

Quantity of normative documents by

01.01.2014

National standards of Ukraine (DSTU):elaboratedput into action

13249

National standards, harmonized with international (DSTU ISO) (DSTU EN, DSTU CEN):elaboratedput into action

160139

Standards of Organizations of Ukraine (SOU) 17

Total 309

PRIORITIES OF SOILS’ PROTECTION

•• Optimization of organic substanceOptimization of organic substance--contents in contents in soils;soils;

•• Optimization of mobile nutritious elements Optimization of mobile nutritious elements contents in soils;contents in soils;

•• Protection of lands from erosion and other Protection of lands from erosion and other types of degradation;types of degradation;

•• Melioration of alkaline and solonetzic lands;Melioration of alkaline and solonetzic lands;•• Protection of lands from pollution, Protection of lands from pollution,

overcompaction and overovercompaction and over--moisturization;moisturization;•• Elimination of moisture deficiency;Elimination of moisture deficiency;•• Reconstruction and recovery of irrigating and Reconstruction and recovery of irrigating and

drying systems.drying systems.

OUR PROPOSALS

•• To organize an International Center for research and To organize an International Center for research and protection of chernozem soils with offices in the protection of chernozem soils with offices in the interested countries;interested countries;

•• To create the modern soils quality laboratory and the To create the modern soils quality laboratory and the Center of soil monitoring researches in Ukraine on the Center of soil monitoring researches in Ukraine on the basis of our Institute;basis of our Institute;

•• To carry out joint researches within the program To carry out joint researches within the program Horizon 2020.. We are ready to send our proposals on Horizon 2020.. We are ready to send our proposals on 20142014--2015 to the interested partners;2015 to the interested partners;

•• To improve the information support of Soil To improve the information support of Soil Management:Management:

-- we are ready to participate in preparation of the different inwe are ready to participate in preparation of the different information formation materials (materials (««World soil resourcesWorld soil resources»», new edition , new edition ““Degradation of world soilsDegradation of world soils””(1992), new Ukrainian soil maps for the atlas of soils of Europe(1992), new Ukrainian soil maps for the atlas of soils of Europe etc);etc);

-- we propose to organize in Ukraine the soil excursions with demowe propose to organize in Ukraine the soil excursions with demonstration of nstration of Ukrainian soils at different climatic condition;Ukrainian soils at different climatic condition;

-- we are interested in training of our experts, in particular youwe are interested in training of our experts, in particular young scientists, in ng scientists, in soil institutions of the European countries.soil institutions of the European countries.

Thanks for Your Thanks for Your attention!attention!

soil resources management at ukraine

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