soibelman disruptive technologies disruptive... · 2018. 11. 22. · bim bi m astani department of...
TRANSCRIPT
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Disruptive Technologies in the Americas
Lucio Soibelman PhDViterbi Dean’s Professor and Department Chair
Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Southern California
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
USC
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
University main Contribution to Disruptive technologies
• NAE GRAND CHALLENGES SCHOLARS PROGRAM– Research/creativity
• Mentored research or project experience related to a Grand Challenge:• TECHNICAL COMPETENCE
– Multidisciplinarity• Understanding gained through multidisciplinarity• SOFT SKILLS AND COMMUNICATIONS
– Entrepreneurship• Understanding gained through experience that viable business models are necessary• INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
– Cultural Competence• Understanding gained through global or different cultural experience• GLOBAL and LOCAL
– Social consciousness• Addressing societal problems, through service learning, K-12, social entrepreneurship• SERVICE LEARNING; OUTREACH
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
BIM Usage (Smart Market Report from McGraw Hill)
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Pre-Fabrication – From ADEPT
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Labeled Components
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Pre-Fabrication – From ADEPT
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Labeled Components
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Construction Process From Turner
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Construction Process
From Turner
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
BIM
BIM
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Present/Future - Laser Scanning and Imaging Technologies for Generating 3D as-built Models
• A laser scan beamed in 360 degrees to generate a cloud of points of the scanned area in 3D
• Today we have sensors with mm accuracy, millions of points per scan, and acquisition rates well below one minute per scan
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
3D Model Created From Point Cloud From Turner
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Project history visualization environment
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Thank you!
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Immersive Display – Cave – From Messner
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
More Cave
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
More Cave
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Virtual Reality Representation
• Goal is to integrate VR treadmill with HMD
so that the cyberlearning environment
offers a virtual construction site of its size
and dynamic nature similar to real
construction sites
– Include pre-programmed avatars that work side by side or collaboratively with the worker
– Several different work scenarios and environment conditions with robots
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Why Construction Robots?
• Construction industry is challenged by – Low productivity rates
– Safety concerns
– Shortage of skilled workers
• Construction sites can have tough work conditions such as– Dust and humidity
– Severe weather conditions (hot/cold)
– Lack of natural light (e.g. tunnels)
– Requires climbing (e.g. bridges)
– Toxic substances (e.g. lead)
• Construction tasks can be repetitive
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Current Trend
• Construction industry has the opportunity to improve productivity and safety with advancements in construction automation
• This trend does not mean that construction robots will completely replace construction workers– Most construction robots are not fully autonomous
– Construction robots, slowly integrated into the construction industry, will replace certain construction tasks, but not jobs entirely [2]
– Construction workers will work side-by-side or collaboratively with construction robots
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Robotics in Construction
In the Market
Demolition RobotsBricklaying RobotsExoskeletonsWelding Robots
Started Emerging
Swarm Robotics3D Printing / Contour CraftingRepainting/Repaving RoadHumanoids
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Bricklaying Robot
• SAM (Semi-Automated Mason)
• Faster production of walls Can lay around 2,000
bricks a day • Waste reduced• Designed to work alongside human workers
Source: Construction Robotics
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Bricklaying Robot SAM
Source: Construction Robotics
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Bricklaying Robot SAM
Source: Construction Robotics
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Bricklaying Robot
• Hadrian
• Faster production of walls Can construct average
sized dwelling in two days• Waste reduced• Can be driven to the work site and be set up
• Does not require manual handling Source: Fastbrick Robotics,
https://www.iseekplant.com.au/blog/bricklaying‐robot‐1000‐bricks/
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Bricklaying Robot Hadrian
Source: Fastbrick Robotics
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Demolition Robot
• Brokk Demolition Robot• Used for tearing down building
walls and structures
• Multi tooled Multiple types of tools placed at
the end of robotic arm
• Much more effective than handheld devices, safer for workers
• But, Requires large power source for bigger scaled projects
Source: Brokk Inc.
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Demolition Robot
• Many other suppliers – Top Tec
– Husqvarna
Source: Husqvarna, Top Tec
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Demolition Robot
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8xjE1__JE8
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Demolition Robot
Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_8xjE1__JE8
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Welding Robot
• MX3D Welding Robot
• Used for connecting and welding steel beams
• For constructing tall buildings, using welding robots can increase safety of workers
• Going for automated solutions
Less human involved
Source: MX3D,https://archpaper.com/2015/07/new‐robot‐technology‐dutch‐
designer‐can‐3d‐print‐steel‐bridge‐mid‐air‐canal/
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Welding Robot
Source: MX3D
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Timber Construction
Source: Gudel
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Swarm Robotics
Source: Harvard Wyss Institute
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Bridge Inspection
Source: Center for Autonomous Systems
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Water & Wastewater Infrastructure
Source: RedZone
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Pictures from RedZone
Video Inspection
Digital Image Analysis & Computer Vision
Sewer Robotic Condition Assessment
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Hierarchical Infrastructure Assessment
• The Pareto Principle (80/20 rule)
Focus on the problem assets or assets of interest
315834 ft
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Computer-assisted Image Interpretation Approach
• Step 1: generation of SIFT local feature descriptors SIFT Approach for Defect Detection in Wastewater Pipes
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Tunnel Inspection
Source: Markforged
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Exoskeletons
Source: CNN
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Humanoids
Source: UPHIGH productions, Toyota,https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ItEhgLYlXZM&t=71s
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Issues with Robotics in Construction
• Construction robots are not fully automated and therefore, will require collaboration with human workers
• Human workers might not trust the robots
• Establishing a natural collaboration can be hard
• New safety issues can emerge – Programming issues
– Unexpected work situations
• New social issues can emerge– Privacy of workers
– Fear of job loss
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
$0.11/kWh
$0.25/kWh102 quads Primary Energy
40% Electricity 60% Other
73% Commercial and Residential Buildings
23% Other
EnablingEnergy‐AwareSmartFacilitiesCollaborationwithPhDStudentMarioBerges,andProfessorScottMatthews
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Motivation
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
DataAcquisition
A Bv t i t
v t i t
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Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
FeatureExtraction
Delta,orchange:
<a>
Allsamples:
<a,b,c,d,…>
Linearregression:fitaline.
<a,b>
KernelRegression:
<a,b,…>
Astani Department of Civil &Environmental Engineering
Vision
Low‐Cost High‐Value