External Use

TM

Small Engine EFI Control

System Solution

FTF-AUT-F0002

A P R . 2 0 1 4

Majid Eshaghi | Product Line Manager

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External Use 1

Agenda

• Small Engine Control - Analog Solutions

− Freescale small engine analog controllers:

MC33812 – Low-end single cylinder

MC33813 – Mid-range single cylinder

MC33814 – Mid-range dual cylinder

Comparison of all three analog circuits

Packaging options (SiP)

Functional Blocks

− Engine Lab and EcoSystem

SiP

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External Use 2

MC33812 Family

S12S/MC33812

SiP S12P/MC33812

SiP

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External Use 3

Engine Temp

Accelerator

Position

Inlet Air

Temp

Manifold

pressure

ADC

VCC (+5V)

Regulator

Reset

Power

ISO9141

SCI

CAN

I/O

Clutch

Sidestand

O2 sensor

Watchdog

Tilt

SPI

INTR. Timers

MCU

S12P /

S12XS

+5V

MC33812

Smart MOS8MV

MC33812 for One Cylinder Low End ECU

CAN

Crankshaft sensor

VRS input

Fuel

Injector

Pre-Driver

Driver

IGBT or Darlington

coil driver

Driver P

ara

llel

2.0A

1.0A

MIL

Lamp

Fuel

Pump Driver 2.0A

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External Use 4

Engine Temp

Accelerator

Position

Inlet Air

Temp

Manifold

pressure

ADC

VCC (+5V)

Regulator

Reset

Power

ISO9141

SCI

CAN

I/O

Clutch

Sidestand

O2 sensor

Watchdog

Tilt

SPI

INTR. Timers

MCU

S12P /

S12XS

+5V

MC33812

Smart MOS8MV

MM912_P812, MM912_S812 MC33812 + (S12P or S12XS)

One Cylinder

CAN

Crankshaft sensor

VRS input

Fuel

Injector

Pre-Driver

Driver

IGBT or Darlington

coil driver

Driver P

ara

llel

2.0A

1.0A

MIL

Lamp

Fuel

Pump Driver 2.0A

S12P/MC33812

SiP

MCU S12P or S12XS

MC33812A

MM912xx812

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External Use 5

SiP (System In Package)

9S12P96, 9S12P128

9S12XS128, 9S12XS256

LQFP-64

12 mm X 12 mm

0.5 mm pin pitch

MM912IP812, MM912JP812 (S12P)

MM912JS812,MM912KS812 (S12XS)

LQFP-100-EP

14 mm x14 mm

0.5 mm pin pitch

MC33812

SOICW-32-EP

7.5 mm x 11 mm

0.65 mm pin pitch

MCU

Analog

MM912xS812

Up to 20% board space saving

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External Use 6

Mid to High End EFI Solutions for One and Two Cylinder

Engines

Advanced built in Features:

• VRS Input Circuit

• 3 Voltage regulators

• SPI & Parallel communication

• Tachometer Driver

• Keyswitch Logic

• O2 Heater pre-driver

Two Cylinder

One Cylinder

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External Use 7

MC33813 for One Cylinder

Fuel

Injectors

Inlet Air

Temp

Manifold

pressure

ADC

Pre-

Regulator

MC33813

Pre-Driver

Driver

Reset Power

MCU

Driver

ISO9141

CAN

SCI

CAN

SPI

I/O

Clutch

Sidestand

O2 sensor

Watchdog

Driver

SPI

Pa

ralle

l

Pre-Driver

Relay 2

Driver

2A

1.3A

1A

Crankshaft sensor

VRS input INTR.

1A 50 mA

Sensor

Regulator

100 mA

Sensors

Timers

VCC

Regulator

MIL

Lamp

Tilt

Engine

Temp

Accelerator

Position

Diag/Cluster

Battery

Ignition

Keyswitch

Logic

Tachometer

Driver

200 mA

Relay 1

IGBT coil

drivers

O2 sensor

heater

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External Use 8

MC33814 for Two Cylinder

Fuel

Injectors

Inlet Air

Temp

Manifold

pressure

ADC

Pre-

Regulator

MC33814

Driver

Pre-Driver

Driver

Reset Power

MCU

Driver

ISO9141

CAN

SCI

CAN

SPI

I/O

Clutch

Sidestand

O2 sensor

Watchdog

Driver

Pre-Driver SPI

Pa

ralle

l

Pre-Driver

Relay 2

Driver

2A

1.3A

1.3A

1A

Crankshaft sensor

VRS input INTR.

1A 50 mA

Sensor

Regulator

100 mA

Sensors

Timers

VCC

Regulator

MIL

Lamp

Tilt

Engine

Temp

Accelerator

Position

Diag/Cluster

Battery

Ignition

Keyswitch

Logic

Tachometer

Driver

200 mA

Relay 1

IGBT coil

drivers

O2 sensor

heater

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External Use 9

Functions MC33812 MC33813 MC33814 Comments

Injector Driver(s) One (2A) One (1.3A) Two (1.3A)

Relay Driver(s) One (2A) Two (2A,1A) Two (2A,1A)

Lamp Driver One (1A) One (1A) One (1A)

Tachometer Driver None Yes (50mA)* Yes (50mA)* *Multifunction

Ignition Pre-Driver(s) One* One** Two** *IGBT & Darlington

** IGBT Only

O2 Heater Pre-Driver None One One

VRS Input Circuit None Yes Yes

Voltage Regulator(s) One 5V Two 5V* Two 5V* *with Pre-regulator

Watchdog Yes Yes Yes

Keyswitch Logic None Yes Yes

ISO-9141 Yes Yes Yes

MCU Communications Parallel SPI & Parallel SPI & Parallel

Comparison of Functions

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External Use 10

MC33813, MC33814 Low Side Drivers

All low side drivers (INJ1, INJ2, REL1,REL2, TACH, LAMP) have similar features:

• Output control via parallel input or SPI input (logic OR or AND)

• Can be PWM with internal PWM or external PWM, or frequency

• Protected against short to battery, over current and over temperature

• Can detect Open Load (OL) or Short to Ground (SG) faults.

• OL current sink and SG current source can be turned off via SPI

• Can either shut down output or retry on fault, selectable in SPI

• All faults communicated to MCU via SPI

• Can be set to ignore in-rush current, selectable in SPI

• Each low side driver has its own SPI configuration, control & status register

• All SPI registers can be read and written to by the MCU

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External Use 11

MC33813, MC33814 Pre- Drivers

All Pre-Drivers (IGN1, IGN2, O2Heater) have similar features:

• Any pre-driver can be used as Ignition or General Purpose Gate Drive (GPGD)

• Output control via parallel input or SPI input (logic OR or AND)

• Can be PWM with internal PWM or external PWM, or frequency

• Protected against short to battery and over current

• Can detect Open Load (OL) in GPGD

• OL current sink can be turned off via SPI

• Can shut down output or retry on fault, selectable in SPI

• All faults annunciated to MCU via SPI

• Each pre-driver has its own SPI configuration, control & status register

• All SPI registers can be read and written to by the MCU

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External Use 12

Tachometer Driver

Three different modes of operation:

1. Outputs same signal as VRSOUT only divided by ‘N’

− Where N=1 to 31, selectable in SPI Configuration Register

− Can drive up to a 50 ma. meter movement

2. Low side driver controlled by SPI with PWM

− Useful when MCU controls RPM output to meter

− Can be used as speedometer driver or other meter function

− Can be used as a general purpose LED driver with dimming

3. Outputs a fixed frequency from 10 HZ to 100 KHz (8 different values)

− Useful for implementing CDI high voltage generator

− Can provide external frequency source for other PWM applications

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External Use 13

Key Switch Logic

• Three Power Control Signals − KEYSW – Input that turns on MC33813, MC33814 circuit,

issues Power On RESET

− BATSW – Logic output to MCU to tell it the KEYSW is on or off

− PWREN- SPI bit set by the MCU to keep MC33813, MC33814 on if KEYSW goes off

The purpose of the Key Switch logic is to control the start-up and the shut-down of ECU and motorcycle electrical power.

The KEYSW turns on the power and the PWREN bit from the MCU turns it off.

BATSW tells the MCU when the KEYSW has been turned off.

The MCU turns off the power by setting the PWREN bit low.

The BATSW signal can also be used to turn on/off a LED and the Relay 2 output when a power relay is needed

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External Use 14

Voltage Regulators

6.5 V Pre-Regulator and Two 5V Regulators:

• Pre-regulator uses external PNP so output current required determines size of external transistor and package type

• One 5V regulator for MCU VCC supply up to 200 mA

• One 5V regulator tracks VCC +/- 20 mV up to 100 mA − Protected against short to battery, ground, over temperature

− Can be controlled by MCU

Pre-

regulator

(6.5V) VPWR

Regulator

(5V) To MCU

Tracking

Regulator

(5V)

To Sensors

VPPREF

VPPSENS VCC

VPROT

(200 ma)

(100 ma)

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External Use 15

VRS Input Circuit

Differential

Input

+

-

. Peak Detector

v10

A/D

Converter

+

-

D/A

Converter

Comparator

Programmable

One-Shot

15

K

15

K

1000

pF

.01 µF

.01 µF

Note: Functional Block Diagram Only – Does not depict actual implementation in

silicon

Typical external circuitry

.

Diode clamps

V Peak

To Logic & SPI

Status Register

Threshold

Value

Gate

(3 bits)

From Logic

& SPI

(4 bits)

(4 bits)

From Logic

& SPI

Trigger

.

Q

The logic can set the comparator threshold value

manually from a value stored in the SPI Control or

Configuration Register or automatically based on a

percentage of the amplitude of last pulse received.

The logic can set the One Shot time value manually from

values stored in the SPI Configuration or Control Registers

or automatically based on the time averaged between the

last two pulses received.

VRSPVRS

VRSN

VCC

VCC+

-

R1

R2

C1

C2

C3

VRSOUT

The Peak Detector determines the amplitude of the

signal from the VRS .

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External Use 16

ISO-9141 Communications Interface

• Converts serial logic input and output to ISO-9141 bidirectional data

• Used to send diagnostic fault codes to external test unit

• Translates 5 Volt unidirectional serial data to 12 Volt bidirectional

data

• Protected against short to battery, ground, and over temperature

MCU ISO-9141

MTX Transmitted Data

Received Data MRX

SO

SI

5 V

12 V

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External Use 17

Watch Dog Timer

• The watchdog (WD) timer is a circuit that is used to automatically detect software problems, if any occur, and reset the MCU. It is based on a counter that counts down from some initial value to zero. The MCU’s embedded software selects the counter's initial value and periodically reloads it. If the counter ever reaches zero before the software reloads it, the software is presumed to be hung-up and the MCU’s reset signal is asserted

.

MCU Watchdog

Timer

Reload Timer

• Set initial time

• Set temporary time

• Reload timer

•Read timer value

RESET Reset

SPI

SPI Time out

MC33813/MC33814

Clock

• Initial WD timer value set by MCU via write to

WD SPI Configuration Register

• MCU continues to reload this time by writing 80H

to the WD SPI Control Register, periodically.

• MCU can change the WD timer value temporarily

by writing a new value to the WD SPI Control

Register.

• MCU can read the currently set timer value from

the WD SPI Status Register

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External Use 18

Powertrain Engine Lab: Customer Engagement

• Freescale provides expertise and facility to convert existing carburetor engine to EFI

− Development NRE is based on project complexity

• Several engine manufacturers are already taking advantage of Freescale’s capability to provide these solutions

• Steps in engine EFI conversion

− The engine type and size is identified by customer

− The engine is modified to be adapted to EFI by customers

Replace carburetor housing with injector & manifold housing

Install fuel pump

Install various sensors as required by engine

Install motorized governor (throttle control)

− The engine is shipped to Freescale Engine Lab facility in Tempe AZ

Some customers duplicate the engine and keep one at their facility to duplicate the effort and speed development and conversion

Modified Motorcycle

Engine to EFI with

Freescale Solution

Modified Scooter

Engine to EFI with

Freescale Solution

Freescale Powertrain

Engine Lab facility in

Tempe, Arizona

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External Use 19

Powertrain Engine Lab: EFI Conversion Procedure

• The engine is tested to validate its operation

• The engine simulator is designed to duplicate the engine:

− The external VRS wheel is built

− Special harness is designed to communicate with engine simulator software

− Initial test is completed on engine simulator for software modification

• Evaluation start on actual engine after software modification and operation validation on engine simulator

− The engine calibration parameters are used in software for evaluation

− Any issue on actual engine is simulated back again on engine simulator to identify the root cause

− Weekly conference call is held with customer to review the operation and re-align it with their engine expert feedback

Engine simulator with

calibration software

Portable Engine and

DFI simulator for

customer presentation

and training

Modified Carburetor

Engine to EFI with

Freescale Solution

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External Use 20

Small Engine Product Portfolio - Engine Controllers

Development EcoSystem MC33812 EVB

MC33812

Ref Design

MM912_812 (SiP)

Ref Design

MC33813,

MC33814,

EVB

Hardware Development Tools • MC33812 EVB and Reference Design • MM912_812 (SiP) Reference Design • MC33813 EVB • MC33814 EVB • Available now at www.freescale.com/smallengine

Software Development Tools • FSL CodeWarrior • Freescale ECU application code (EFI) • Available now at: www.freescale.com/smallengine

Relevant Application Notes: • AN4258: Serial Bootloader for S12(X) Microcontrollers Based on 180nm Technology • AN3961: EEPROM Emulation for the MC9S12XS and MC9S12P Families Using AN2302 as a Reference • AN3937: MC9S12P-Family Demonstration Lab Training • For more information please contact: • Majid Eshaghi. majid.eshaghi@freescale.com • Safa Matin, safa.matin@freescale.com

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© 2014 Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | External Use

www.Freescale.com