slide 1 of 28 classifying the elements 6.2. slide 2 of 28 © copyright pearson prentice hall...

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Classifying the Elements 6.2

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© Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Classifying the Elements > Squares in the Periodic Table

The periodic table displays the symbols and names of the elements, along with information about the structure of their atoms.

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Classifying the Elements > Squares in the Periodic Table

The background colors in the squares are used to distinguish groups of elements.

• The Group 1A elements are called alkali metals.

• The Group 2A elements are called alkaline earth metals.

• The nonmetals of Group 7A are called halogens.

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Classifying the Elements > Squares in the Periodic Table6.2


Classifying the Elements >

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Electron Configurations in Groups

Electron Configurations in Groups

How can elements be classified based on their electron configurations?

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Classifying the Elements > Electron Configurations in Groups

Elements can be sorted into noble gases, representative elements, transition metals, or inner transition metals based on their electron configurations.

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The Noble Gases

The noble gases are the elements in Group 8A of the periodic table. The electron configurations for the first four noble gases in Group 8A are listed below.

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The Representative Elements

Elements in groups 1A through 7A are often referred to as representative elements because they display a wide range of physical and chemical properties.

• The s and p sublevels of the highest occupied energy level are not filled.

• The group number equals the number of electrons in the highest occupied energy level.

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In atoms of the Group 1A elements below, there is only one electron in the highest occupied energy level.

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In atoms of the Group 4A elements below, there are four electrons in the highest occupied energy level.

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Classifying the Elements > Transition Elements

Transition Elements

There are two types of transition elements—transition metals and inner transition metals. They are classified based on their electron configurations.

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In atoms of a transition metal, the highest occupied s sublevel and a nearby d sublevel contain electrons.

In atoms of an inner transition metal, the highest occupied s sublevel and a nearby f sublevel generally contain electrons.

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Blocks of Elements

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Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section

Section Assessment

6.2.


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6.2 Section Quiz

1. Which of the following information about elements is usually NOT included in a periodic table?

a. color

b. symbol

c. atomic number

d. atomic mass


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6.2 Section Quiz

2. An alkali metal would have in the highest occupied energy level

a. an s2 electron.

b. an s1 electron.

c. p2 electrons.

d. p6 electrons.


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3. Which one of the following is incorrectly labeled?

a. Ne, noble gas

b. Cu, transition metal

c. Ga, transition metal

d. Cl, halogen

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6.2 Section Quiz

4. Transition metals are characterized as being different than representative elements because they have electrons in which suborbitals?

a. p

b. d

c. s

d. f

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Documents

representative elements

transition elements

periodic table

element square

structure of sodium

highest occupied energy

halogen atom

p sublevel