shampoo
TRANSCRIPT
Author
MD. Waliulah [email protected]
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Warinas
Pharmaceuticals/245690832271163?ref=hl
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Introduction
Compositions
Classification
Ideal Properties
Functions of Shampoo
Manufacturing Process
Quality Control Test
Human Hair Structure
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Introduction
Shampoo is a hair care product that is used for theremoval of oils, dirt, skin particles, dandruff,environmental pollutants and other contaminantparticles that gradually build up in hair.
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The word shampoo in English is derived fromHindustani chāmpo.
Introduction
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viscous liquids
clear or opaque
viscosities 500–1500 centipoise
pH 5.5
Containing 20–40% solids
Sh
am
po
o
Ideal Properties
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1. Smooth and shiny2. Produce Foam3. No irritation 4. remove dirt completely5. Impart fragrance 6. readily removed
Functions of Shampoo
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1. Completely remove dirt
2. Protect the Hair
3. Cleaning of hair
4. Soothe the scalp skin
5. Nourishment of hair
6. Treating dandruff, lice or other scalp problems
Classification
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I. Based on Appearance
II. Based on Use or Function
III. Based on Origin
Classification
I. Based on Appearance:
1. Powder Shampoos
2. Liquid Shampoos or Lotion
3. Gel Shampoos or Solid Cream
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Classification
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6. Miscellaneous-anti dandruff, medicated shampoo
4. Cream Shampoos
5. Oil Shampoos
I. Based on Appearance:
Classification
II. Based on Use or Function:1. Conditioning Shampoos
2. Antidandruff and Therapeutic
3. Baby
4. Balancing
5. Clarifying
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Classification
III. Based on Origin:
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2. Egg 1. Herbal
Compositions
Shampoos are typically composed of 10 to 30ingredients.
Several types of ingredients are particularly important,including “Surfactants" that aid in cleansing andlathering.
“Conditioners" and “Active ingredients" that affect thehair and scalp.
“Additives" that stabilize the product.
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Compositions
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b)Surfactants
a) Water
c)Foam Boosters and Stabilizers
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Compositions
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e)Clarifying Agents
d)Opacifiers
f)Anti-dandruff Agents Ra
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Compositions
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h)Thickening Agents
g)Conditioning Agents
i)Sequestering AgentsRa
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Compositions
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k)Colors
j)Perfumes
L)PreservativesRa
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Manufacturing Process
Some pearlising agents are waxy solids at ambient
temperature and require melting in a drum oven or similar
before use.
Demineralised water is most commonly used in order to
minimise contamination of the product.
No further processing is required after blending, and the
product may be packed off directly from the mixing vessel.
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Manufacturing Process
For preparing liquid shampoo,Triethanalamine lauvyl sulfate,stearic acid are heated to about 650C.
Water & preservatives are also heated to 650C.
Both the solutions are mixed together and thencooled.
Perfumes are added after that. The shampoo thusprepared is bottled by automatic bottle fillingmachine.
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Triethanolamine + Stearic Acid
Perfume
Heating in a jackated tank at 650C.
Water + Preseservative
Bottling
Mixing
Finished products
Cooling
Heating in a jackated tank at 650C.
Shampoo
Manufacturing Process in Diagram
Quality Control Tests
a)Foam Stability
Cylinder shake method was used for determiningfoaming ability.
50ml of the 1% shampoo solution was put into a 250mlgraduated cylinder and cover the cylinder with handand shaken for 10 times. The total volumes of the foamcontents after 1 minute shaking were recorded. Thefoam volume was calculated. Foam should retain foratleast 5mins.
Foam Stability = V2-V1
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b)Skin – irritation Test:
Draize test in Rabbits where a patch test techniqueis used on the intact skin of Albino Rabbits.
A set of 6Rabbits used for testing each material.
Shampoos should be tested only for a shortduration thatis,not more than(NMT)4hours asthese products come in contact with skin only for ashort duration.
These preparations are diluted betweenconcentrations of 8 to 10%.
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Quality Control Tests
Quality Control Tests
c)Wetting Action:
Canvas disk is used, is one inch in diameter isfloated on the surface of a solution and the timerequired for it to sink is measured accurately.
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Quality Control Tests
d)Viscosity:
Is determined using Brookefield Viscometer.
100ml of shampoo is taken in a beaker and spindle is dipped in it for about 5min and then reading is taken.
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Quality Control Tests
e)pH:
Mix 1gram of shampoo with 9ml of water and determine the pH using pH meter at 27 degrees Celsius.
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Reference
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shampoo
http://us.arcanatura.com/cat-healthcare/how-does-shampoo-work/
http://www.sulfatefreeshampoobrandsinfo.com/chemical-free-shampoo/
www.thefreedictionary.com/shampoo
http://smallb.in/sites/default/files/knowledge_base/shampoo.pdf
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