seismic failure of structure
TRANSCRIPT
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 1
Dynamic Load
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 2
S e i s m i c F a i l u r e
Northridge Earthquake total collapse
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 3
Cosmetic damage
Northridge Earthquake failures
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 4
Soft-story collapse
Mitigation: replace pin joints with moment frames
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 5
Soft-story collapse
Mitigation: Moment frames
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Soft-story collapse
Mitigation: Moment frames
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Soft-story collapse
Mitigation: Moment frames
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Soft-story collapse
Mitigation: Moment frames
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Failed stucco shear walls
Mitigation: plywood shear walls
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Soft-story failure
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Hazard configurations: wings split at intersections
Seismic joints prevent splitting (2 wide per story)
H
L
T
U
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Flawed construction quality
Provide quality control
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Slender shear wall failure Brick veneer failure
(avoid brick veneer
on tall wood walls)
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Prefab parking garage
Collapse
CMU wall failure
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Prefab parking garageparapet failure wall failure wall cracks
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Parking garage
Wall pulled over by
concrete slabs
Exit stair collapse
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Parking garage
Prefab tree elements split
at intersections
Mitigation: stronger joints
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Brittle concrete frame failure
Mitigation: Ductile Design
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Medical center
Second story collapse
Brittle failureUse ductile design
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Medical center
Second story collapse
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Un-reinforced masonry
Corner pounding failuresMitigation: corner joints
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 22
Brick veneer failure
Attach veneer firmly
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 23
Diagonal shear cracks
Avoid narrow shear walls
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 24
Un-reinforced masonry failure
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 25
Un-reinforced masonry
Corner failure Parapet failure
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 26
Parapet failure Santa Cruz
U i f d k
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 27
Un-reinforced masonry cracks
Remedy: Center Core reinforcing
U i f d k
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 28
Un-reinforced masonry cracks
Remedy: Center Core reinforcing
V f il
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 29
Veneer failure
Avoid stiff veneer on ductile steel frame
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 30
Column shear cracks
required demolition
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 31
Concrete wall diagonal shear cracks
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 32
Prefab concrete panels
cosmetic damage - required major repair
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 33
Partial wall collapse
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 34
Roof parapet debris on ground
Fi d b h k
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 35
Fire caused by earthquake
Fi d b th k
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 36
Fire caused by earthquake
Fl ibl j i t t iti t i b k
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 37
Flexible joints to mitigate pipe breakage
F il th tl
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 38
Fragile earth mantle
E th lid i d li id t
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 39
Earth solid inner core and liquid outer core
T t i Pl t
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 40
USA
USGS map
Turns ~ 1 /year
Tectonic Plates
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 41
Pacific Plate / North American Plate
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 42
Infrastructure failure
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 43
Infrastructure failure
Infrastructure failure
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 44
Infrastructure failure
Infrastructure failure
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 45
Infrastructure failure
CUREE Caltech Project
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 46
CUREE-Caltech Project
supported 15 USC students for 3 years
M 2 3b D d SFD b ilt 1941 76 t PGA C t M 2 3 D d SFD b il t 1941 76 t PGV C t
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 47
Map 2-3b: Damaged SFD, built 1941 76 at PGA Contours
Strong PGA damage correlation
Map 2-3c: Damaged SFD, buil t 1941 - 76 at PGV Contours
Weak PGV damage correlation
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Earthquake failures Prof Schierle 48
Garden wall
(effect of shaking direction)
East-west no damage North-south collapsed
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S e i s m i c d e s i g n p r e v e n t s f a i l u r e
http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3828(1996)10:3(90)