seerah an nabi 02

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Seerah of The Seerah of The Prophet Prophet Peace be upon him Peace be upon him Before The Before The Birth Birth Pre-Islamic Pre-Islamic Society Society

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Page 1: Seerah An Nabi 02

Seerah of The Seerah of The Prophet Prophet Peace be upon himPeace be upon him

Before The BirthBefore The Birth

Pre-Islamic SocietyPre-Islamic Society

Page 2: Seerah An Nabi 02

Why study the Seerah?

• Practical Role Model for Muslims

Indeed in the Messenger of Allah (Muhammad SAW) you have a good example to follow for him who hopes in (the Meeting with) Allah and the Last Day and remembers Allah much. األحزاب

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History of Mecca

Page 4: Seerah An Nabi 02

Mecca before Islam

• Religion:– Hanifiah: Monotheism

– Amr bin Luhay

– Paganism

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The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

قصبه يجر الخزاعي لحي بن عامر بن عمرو رأيتالسوائب سيب من أول وكان ، النار في

  : البخاري:   المحدث هريرة أبو الراوي

Al- Bukhari:Abu Huraira said, "The Prophet said, 'I saw Amr bin 'Amir bin Luhai Al-Khuzai dragging his intestines in the (Hell) Fire, for he was the first man who started the custom of releasing animals (for the sake of false gods).' "

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Why study the Seerah?

• The Idols of Arabia[19] Have ye seen Lat, and 'Uzza, [20] And another, the Third (goddess), Manat? [21] What! for you the male sex, and for Him, the female? [22] Behold, such would be indeed a division most unfair! [23] These are nothing but names which you have devised, - you and your fathers - for which Allah has sent down no authority (whatever). They follow nothing but conjecture and what their own souls desire! Even though there has already come to them Guidance from their Lord!

النجم

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Why study the Seerah?

• The Idols of Arabia

[23] "And they have said (to each other), Abandon not your gods: abandon neither Wadd nor Suwa, neither Yaguth nor Ya'uq, nor Nasr;

[24] "They have already misled many (away from Tawheed), and grant no increase to the wrong-doers but in straying (from the straight path)."

نوح

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The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birthنوح : قوم في كانت التي األوثان صارت عنهما الله عباسرضي ابن عنكانت : : سواع وأما ، الجندل بدومة لكلب كانت ود أما ، بعد العرب في : ، سبأ عند بالجوف غطيف لبني ثم ، لمراد فكانت يغوث وأما ، لهذيل

: : ، الكالع ذي آلل ، لحمير فكانت نسر وأما ، لهمدان فكانت يعوق وأماإلى الشيطان أوحى هلكوا فلما ، نوح قوم من صالحين رجال أسماء

وسموها : أنصابا يجلسون كانوا التي مجالسهم إلى انصبوا أن قومهمالعلم وتنسخ ، أولئك هلك إذا حتى ، تعبد فلم ، ففعلوا ، بأسمائهم

: عبدت . البخاري:  -   المحدث عطاء الراوي• Al- Bukhari: Narrated Ibn Abbas: • All the idols which were worshipped by the people of Noah were worshipped by the

Arabs later on. As for the idol Wadd, it was worshipped by the tribe of Kalb at Daumat-al-Jandal; Suwa' was for Huthayl, Yaghuth was the idol of (the tribe of) Murad and then by Ban, Ghutaif at Al-Jurf near Saba; Yauq was the idol of Hamdan, and Nasr was the idol of Himyr, the branch of Dhi-al-Kala.' The names (of the idols) formerly belonged to some pious men of the people of Noah, and when they died Satan inspired their people to (prepare and place idols at the places where they used to sit, and to call those idols by their names. The people did so, but the idols were not worshipped till those people (who initiated them) had died and the origin of the idols had become obscure, whereupon people began worshipping them.

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The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

يقول : العطاردي رجاء أبا فإذا سمعت ، الحجر نعبد كنالم فإذا ، اآلخر وأخذنا ألقيناه منه خير هو حجرا وجدنا

بالشاة جئنا ثم تراب من جثوة جمعنا حجرا نجدبه طفنا ثم عليه . فحلبناهميمون: بن مهدي البخاري: الراوي المحدث

Al- Bukhari:• Narrated Abu Raja Al-Utaridi: • We used to worship stones, and when we found a better

stone than the first one, we would throw the first one and take the latter, but if we could not get a stone then we would collect some earth (i.e. soil) and then bring a sheep and milk that sheep over it, and perform the Tawaf around it.

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571 C.E.

WaddWaddودود

HubalHubalهبلهبل

Suwa’Suwa’سواعسواع

ManatManatمناةمناة

Al-’UzzaAl-’Uzzaالعزالعز ىىAl-LaatAl-Laatالالتالالت

Ya’uqYa’uqيعويعو قق

YaghuthYaghuthيغوثيغوث

NasrNasrنسرنسر

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571 C.E.

WaddWaddودود

HubalHubalهبلهبل

Suwa’Suwa’سواعسواع

ManatManatمناةمناة

Al-’UzzaAl-’Uzzaالعزالعز ىىAl-LaatAl-Laatالالتالالت

Ya’uqYa’uqيعويعو قق

YaghuthYaghuthيغوثيغوث

NasrNasrنسرنسر

Summer JourneySummer Journey““Shaam”-LevantShaam”-Levant

Winter JourneyWinter JourneyYemenYemen

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Why study the Seerah?

• The Idols of Arabia[3] Is it not to Allah that sincere devotion is due? But those who take for protectors others than Allah (say): "We only serve them in order that they may bring us nearer to Allah." Truly Allah will judge between them in that wherein they differ. But Allah guides not such as are false and ungrateful. [4] Had Allah wished to take to Himself a son, He could have chosen whom He pleased out of those whom He doth create: but Glory be to Him! (He is above such things.) He is Allah, the One, the Irresistible.

الزمر

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Why study the Seerah?

• The Idols of Arabia[18] They serve, besides Allah, things that hurt them not nor benefit them, and they say: "These are our intercessors with Allah." Say: "Do you indeed inform Allah of something He knows not, in the heavens or on earth? Glory to Him! and far is He above the partners they ascribe (to Him)"

يونس

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Why study the Seerah?

• Paganism[136] Out of what Allah has produced in abundance in harvest and in cattle, they assigned Him a share: they say, according to their fancies: "This is for Allah, and this is for our 'partners'! But the share of their "partners" reaches not Allah, whilst the share of Allah reaches their "partners!" Evil (and unjust) is their assignment!

األنعام

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Mecca before Islam

• Remnants of “Hanifyiah” (Religion of Ibrahim)

– Zaid bin ‘Amr bin Nufail

– Qass bin Sa’edah Al-Iyadi

– Waraqah bin Nawfal

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The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

، الكعبة إلى ظهره مسندا ، قائما نفيل بن عمرو بن زيد رأيتإبراهيم : دين على منكم ما والله قريش، معاشر يا يقول

يقتل . أن أراد إذا للرجل يقول ، الموءودة يحيي وكان غيريفإذا : ، فيأخذها ، مؤونتها أكفيكها أنا ، تقتلها ال ابنته

شئت : وإن ، إليك دفعتها شئت إن ألبيها قال ، ترعرعتمؤونتها . كفيتك

  : البخاري:  -  المحدث بكر أبي بنت أسماء الراويAl- Bukhari:

• Narrated Asma bint Abi Bakr: I saw Zaid bin Amr bin Nufail standing with his back against the Ka'ba and saying, "O people of Quraish! By Allah, none amongst you is on the religion of Abraham except me." He used to preserve the lives of little girls: If somebody wanted to kill his daughter he would say to him, "Do not kill her for I will feed her on your behalf." So he would take her, and when she grew up nicely, he would say to her father, "Now if you want her, I will give her to you, and if you wish, I will feed her on your behalf."

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The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

، بلدح بأسفل نفيل بن عمرو بن زيد لقي وسلم عليه الله صلى النبي أنإلى فقدمت ، الوحي وسلم عليه الله صلى النبي على ينزل أن قبل

زيد : قال ثم ، منها يأكل أن فأبى ، سفرة وسلم عليه الله صلى النبيالله اسم ذكر ما إال والآكل ، أنصابكم على تذبحون مما آكل لست إني

الشاة . : ويقول ، قريشذبائحهم على يعيب كان عمرو بن زيد وأن عليهثم ، األرض من لها وأنبت ، الماء السماء من لها وأنزل ، الله خلقها

له . . وإعظاما لذلك إنكارا الله اسم غير على تذبحونها : البخاري:  -  المحدث عمر بن عبدالله الراوي

Al- Bukhari:• Volume 5, Book 58, Number 169: Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar: • The Prophet met Zaid bin 'Amr bin Nufail in the bottom of (the valley of) Baldah

before any Divine Inspiration came to the Prophet. A meal was presented to the Prophet but he refused to eat from it. (Then it was presented to Zaid) who said, "I do not eat anything which you slaughter in the name of your stone idols. I eat none but those things on which Allah's Name has been mentioned at the time of slaughtering." Zaid bin 'Amr used to criticize the way Quraish used to slaughter their animals, and used to say, "Allah has created the sheep and He has sent the water for it from the sky, and He has grown the grass for it from the earth; yet you slaughter it in other than the Name of Allah. He used to say so, for he rejected that practice and considered it as something abominable.

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The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth عن فسأله اليهود من عالما فلقي ، ويتبعه الدين عن يسأل ، الشأم إلى خرج نفيل بن عمرو بن زيد أنمن : : بنصيبك تأخذ حتى ، ديننا على تكون ال فقال ، فأخبرني دينكم أدين أن لعلي إني فقال ، دينهم؟ : أستطيعه وأنى ، أبدا شيئا الله غضب من أحمل وال ، الله غضب من إال أفر ما زيد قال ، الله غضب

دين : : : قال ؟ الحنيف وما زيد قال ، حنيفا يكون أن إال أعلمه ما قال ؟ غيره على تدلني فهل . ، مثله فذكر النصارى من عالما فلقي زيد فخرج الله إال يعبد وال نصرانيا وال يهوديا يكن لم ، إبراهيمأحمل : : وال ، الله لعنة من إال أفر ما قال ، الله لعنة من بنصيبك تأخذ حتى ديننا على تكون لن فقال

أن : إال أعلمه ما قال ؟ غيره على تدلني فهل ؟ أستطيع وأنى ، أبدا شيئا غضبه من وال ، الله لعنة منفلما : : . الله إال يعبد وال ، نصرانيا وال يهوديا يكن لم إبراهيم دين قال ؟ الحنيف وما قال ، حنيفا يكونعلى : أني أشهد إني اللهم فقال ، يديه رفع برز فلما ، خرج السالم عليه إبراهيم في قولهم زيد رأى

إبراهيم . دين  : البخاري:  -  المحدث عمر بن عبدالله الراوي

Al- Bukhari: Volume 5, Book 58: Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar: • Narrated Ibn 'Umar: Zaid bin 'Amr bin Nufail went to Sham, inquiring about a true religion to follow. He met a Jewish

religious scholar and asked him about their religion. He said, "I intend to embrace your religion, so tell me some thing about it." The Jew said, "You will not embrace our religion unless you receive your share of Allah's Anger." Zaid said, "'I do not run except from Allah's Anger, and I will never bear a bit of it if I have the power to avoid it. Can you tell me of some other religion?" He said, "I do not know any other religion except the Hanif." Zaid enquired, "What is Hanif?" He said, "Hanif is the religion of (the prophet) Abraham who was neither a Jew nor a Christian, and he used to worship None but Allah (Alone)" Then Zaid went out and met a Christian religious scholar and told him the same as before. The Christian said, "You will not embrace our religion unless you get a share of Allah's Curse." Zaid replied, "I do not run except from Allah's Curse, and I will never bear any of Allah's Curse and His Anger if I have the power to avoid them. Will you tell me of some other religion?" He replied, "I do not know any other religion except Hanif." Zaid enquired, "What is Hanif?" He replied, Hanif is the religion of (the prophet) Abraham who was neither a Jew nor a Christian and he used to worship None but Allah (Alone)" When Zaid heard their Statement about (the religion of) Abraham, he left that place, and when he came out, he raised both his hands and said, "O Allah! I make You my Witness that I am on the religion of Abraham."

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The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

وحده أمة القيامة يوم يبعث نفيل بن عمرو بن زيد  -  : التواتر: -  -  نقل منقول الصحة، غاية في الدرجة خالصة الراوي :  -  : الرقم:  -  أو الصفحة األحكام أصول المصدر حزم ابن المحدث

1/594

درجتين نفيل بن عمرو بن لزيد فرأيت ، الجنة دخلت  -  :  -  : األلباني:  -  المحدث حسن الدرجة خالصة عائشة الراوي

: الرقم:  -  أو الصفحة الجامع صحيح  3367المصدر

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Mecca before Islam

• Social Conditions:– Marriage and Family

– : البخاري:  -  المحدث عائشة الراويعلى “– كان الجاهلية في النكاح أنحاء أن : أربعمنها – اليوم فنكاح الناس ،: نكاح أوابنته وليته الرجل إلى الرجل يخطب

ينكحها . ثم فيصدقهاطمثها : – من طهرت إذا المرأته يقول الرجل كان آخر إلى ونكاح أرسلي

منه فاستبضعي حملها فالن يتبين حتى ، أبدا يمسها وال زوجها ويعتزلها ،إذا زوجها أصابها حملها تبين فإذا ، منه تستبضع الذي الرجل ذلك من

النكاح هذا فكان ، الولد نجابة في رغبة ذلك يفعل وإنما ، نكاح أحب. االستبضاع

يجتمع : – أخر العشرة ونكاح دون ما كلهم الرهط ، المرأة على فيدخلون ،أرسلت ، حملها تضع أن بعد ليال عليها ومر ، ووضعت حملت فأذا ، يصيبهاقد : لهم تقول ، عندها يجتمعوا حتى ، يمتنع أن رجل يستطع فلم ، إليهم

، فالن يا ابنك فهو ، ولدت وقد أمركم من كان الذي من عرفتم تسميالرجل منه يمتنع أن يستطيع ال ، ولدها به فيلحق باسمه . أحبت

رابع : – ممن ونكاح تمتنع ال ، المرأة على فيدخلون ، كثيرا الناس يجتمعالبغايا وهن ، أراد جاءها فمن ، علما تكون رايات أبوابهن على ينصبن كن ،

، لها جمعوا حملها ووضعت إحداهن حملت فإذا ، عليهن القافة دخل ودعوايرون بالذي ولدها ألحقوا ثم ذلك ، من يمتنع ال ، ابنه ودعي ، به فالتاط ،

إال – كله الجاهلية نكاح هدم ، بالحق وسلم عليه الله صلى النبي بعث فلمااليوم . الناس  “نكاح

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Mecca before Islam

• Social Conditions:– Marriage and Family

• Shameless Adultry:الجاهلية – في بأمه عاهرت ابني فالنا إن الله رسول يا فقال رجل قام

ذهب اإلسالم في دعوة ال وسلم عليه الله صلى الله رسول فقالالحجر للفراشوللعاهر الولد الجاهلية أمر

: داود:    أبو المحدث العاص بن عمرو بن عبدالله الراوي– Narrated Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: A man got up and said: Apostle of Allah,

so-and-so is my Son; I had illicit intercourse with his mother in the pre-Islamic period. The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said: There is no unlawful claiming of paternity in Islam. What was done in pre-Islamic times has been annulled. The child is attributed to the one on whose bed it is born, and the fornicator is deprived of any right.

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Mecca before Islam

• Social Conditions:– Marriage and Family

• Marrying two sisters• Marrying their step-mothers (as inheritance)• Unlimited number of wives• Unlimited frequency of divorce of same wife

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Mecca before Islam

• Social Conditions:• Killing their daughters:

[8] When the female (infant), buried alive, is questioned, [9] For what crime she was killed;

التكوير

النحل

[58] When news is brought to one of them, of (the birth of) a female (child), his face darkens, and he is filled with inward grief! [59] With shame does he hide himself from his people, because of the bad news he has had! Shall he retain it on (sufferance and) contempt, or bury it in the dust? Ah! what an evil (choice) they decide on?

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Mecca before Islam

• Social Conditions:–Tribalism

من )) وليسمنا عصبية، إلى دعا من ليسمنامن وليسمنا عصبية، على قاتل

)) عصبية على داود مات أبو

nةoي pم nح nةoي pم nحqل rم pهpوبrل rق فpى qوا rر nفnك nينpذoل nلnع nج qذp إpةoيpلpهsٰـnجq26الفتح ٱل

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Mecca before Islam

• Social Conditions:– Tribalismالمهاجرين . من رجل فكسع غزاة في وسلم عليه الله صلى النبي مع كنا

يا . : ! : المهاجري وقال لألنصار يا األنصاري فقال األنصار من رجالدعوى ! . " بال ما وسلم عليه الله صلى الله رسول فقال للمهاجرين

من " : ! رجال المهاجرين من رجل كسع الله رسول يا قالوا ؟ الجاهليةمنتنة . " . فإنها دعوها فقال ." األنصار : مسلم:   -  المحدث عبدالله بن جابر الراوي

Narrated Jabir: We were in the company of the Prophet in an Expedition. A large number of emigrants joined him and among the emigrants there was a person who used to play jokes (or play with spears); so he (jokingly) stroked an Ansari man on the hip. The Ans-ari got so angry that both of them called their people. The Ansari said, "Help, O Ansar!" And the emigrant said "Help, O emigrants!" The Prophet came out and said, "What is wrong with the people (as they are calling) this call of the period of Ignorance? "Then he said, "What is the matter with them?" So he was told about the stroke of the emigrant to the Ansari. The Prophet said, "Stop this (i.e.

appeal for help) for it is an evil call .

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Mecca before Islam

• Social Conditions:– Nobility– Generosity– Bravery– Loyalty– Mastering the Arts of The Arabic Language

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Genealogy

من” كنانة اصطفى الله إنواصطفى . إسماعيل ولد

واصطفى . كنانة من قريشاهاشم . قريشبني من

“ هاشم بني من واصطفاني

فسيلة:   أبو الليثي األسقع بن واثلة -الراويمسلم: المحدث

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Genealogy

من” كنانة اصطفى الله إنواصطفى . إسماعيل ولد

واصطفى . كنانة من قريشاهاشم . قريشبني من

“ هاشم بني من واصطفاني

فسيلة:   أبو الليثي األسقع بن واثلة -الراويمسلم: المحدث

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Uthman bin Math’un

Amr bin Al-’Aas

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MuhammadMuhammadPeace be upon himPeace be upon him

The HashimitesThe Hashimites

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Mecca before Islam

• Political Honors in Quraysh:– Dar An-Nadwah: “Quraysh’s Congress”– Liwa’: Banner Holding– Hijabah: Custody of Ka’ba– Siqayah: Providing Water for Hajj (Hashimites)– Rifadah: Providing food for Hajj (Hashimites)

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Mecca before Islam

• Abdul-Muttalib bin Hashem– Digging Zamzam– Ten Male Children– Vows to Slaughter one of them

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The world at the time of The

Prophet’s Birth

: قال الله رسول عياضأن نظر”.... عن الله وإن ، وعجمهم عربهم ، األرضفمقتهم أهل إلى

“..... الكتاب أهل من بقايا إالمسلم رواه

Sahih Muslim, Book 040, Number 6853:'Iyadh bin Himar reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him), while delivering a sermon one day, said: “……..And verily, Allah looked towards the people of the world and He showed disgust, for the Arabs and the non-Arabs, but with the exception of some remnants from the People of the Book..."

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JudaismJudaism

571 C.E.