science and technology (s4-5) teacher development programme 2005 core module part 2 linking science...
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Science and Technology (S4-5)Teacher Development Programme 2005
Core Module Part 2
LINKING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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[1] DEFINITIONS of science and technology REVISITED
…The nature of technology: ‘Technology’ has two meanings. It can refer to artifacts: the physical objects that are produced; we may, for example, describe a new portable computer as ‘a fine piece of technology’.
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It can also refer to process: the organizational systems, the mental and physical acts through which artifacts are developed and manufactured. This usage refers to human capabilities, to the work done by technologist (as in ‘we have the technology to produce a voice-activated computer’). (Gardner et al, 1996)
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… The definition of science: …emphasized the ‘big ideas’ of science, the role of experiments in the development of theories, and knowledge structures in the disciplines.
…science as a pursuit of knowledge, motivated by curiosity and responsible to the international community of scientists rather than the larger society.
Science is thus characterized by its theories and the research methods through which they were generated and tested. … (Malcolm C. (1996) )
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[2] LINKING THESE TWO: =
< > > <
[Functional view by Gardner P. 1994]
Can you suggest still another dimension for such comparison?
Epistemology, social impact, theology, etc….
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A Case Study of Development of
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
集成電路發展里程
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WHICH COME FIRST?
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS? TRANSISTOR? DIODE? SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY? SHOCKLEY’S POTENTIAL WELL MO
DEL QUANTUM PHYSICS?
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The problem of astrophysicist Masatoshi Koshiba (2002 年諾貝爾物理獎小柴昌俊 ) of the University of Tokyo:
… to detect the tiny emissions of light generated by sub-atomic neutrino particles from a supernova explosion 170,000 light years away from the planet earth. (Scientific America, June 2003, p.5; www.hamamatsu.com for 20-inch PMT)
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[4] NURTURING students development of science and technology concepts:
*Visual occurrence exemplars *Hands-on and Minds-on exemplars *Human purpose Other generic teaching strategies
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[3] AN ACTIVITY combining S&T …
Case study MOTOR Hands-on: simple exploration Model: constructing your own motor Minds-on: motor history Minds-on: re-design your own motor
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Minds-on: motor historyWhat if you want to do the same (motor model)… in 1791? impossible, why? Michael Faraday was just born. Scientific theory not ready.
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how about 1982? impossible, why? Neodymium Magnet
(燒結釹鐵硼稀土永磁 ) was first invented in 1983.
Magnetic material used here did not exist.
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and …
in 2002? impossible, why? Many of the basic Rare-Earth-Iron-Boron p
atents expired in the year 2003, too expensive and difficult to find for us before that.
The technology and the market (society) were not yet ready.
http://www.rareearth.org/magnets_patents_history.htm
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FINALLY…
Major academic issues revealed: Relating science and technology Relating technology and science Impact of S&T upon modern society Societal influence upon S&T
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Major pedagogy: Knowing what (e.g. hands-on, literature
search, fieldwork, etc) Knowing how (e.g. relating cause and
effect, experimenting, explaining, designing)
Knowing why / Critical thinking (e.g. evaluating, arguing, predicting, reflecting)
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FOUR TASKS of learning-to-learn
Reading to learn Project learning Information technology for
interactive learning Moral and civic education
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Other Generic pedagogy [1]
Collaborative learning Communicating ideas Discussion Brainstorming Role-play Simulation
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Other Generic pedagogy [2]
Modeling Model building Experiment Predict-Observe-Explain Concept mapping
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Thank you.