Training Report 2015 Vely Tannia Lianto 1 SAWMILL OVERVIEW ThissectionwillgivedescriptionaboutPT.HaswinHijauPerkasas Sawmill.However,beforegoingdeeperintoexplanation,weshould understand what sawmill is and what happens in sawmill. S AWMI L L :a place or building in which timber is sawed into planks, boards, etc. by machinery WHATHAPPENSINSAWMILL? There are several activities happen in sawmill which can be seen in figure below: Figure 1.1 Process Happens in Sawmill Training Report 2015 Vely Tannia Lianto 2 Sawmill activity always starts from log yard area since it is where the logs are placed before they are processed further in the machines. There are 2 main activities happen in log yard, which are: Every log received should be: Checked and measured Recorded in the report Placed based on carpet number After being checked and measured, the log then must be trimmed using chainsawintoseverallogpiecesbasedonproductioninstruction.After that, the trimmed logs are recorded in the trimming report. TOEASETHERECORDI NGOFLOGDATA,THEREARESEVERALNUMBERS WRI TTENONTHESURFACEOFTHELOG: FOREXAMPLE:93:NUMBEROFLOG C:NUMBEROFTRI MMEDLOGPI ECES 440:LENGTHOFTHELOG HL: SUPPLI ERCODE 41:NUMBEROFORDERFROMSUPPLI ER REDPAPER:CODEFROMSUPPLI ER 39:CARPETNUMBER Receiving & Checking Log Measuring & Trimming Log Training Report 2015 Vely Tannia Lianto 3 Afterthelogsaretrimmedinthelogyard,thelogpiecesthenbeing transportedtosawmill usingforkliftandtheyarereadytobeprocessed further. Breakdown machine is a machine used to cut the log into several pieces accordingtotheproductioninstruction.Theplacementoflogis importantinthismachinebecausethecutwillformthepatternofthe timber. WHATHAPPENSI NBREAKDOWNMACHI NE? 1. The timber is chosen to fulfill the demanded cutting size. 2. The remaining nails and strings are removed before the log is cut. 3. After that, the chosen timber is placed in the break down machine. Thelogsarebeingplacedinthebreakdown machine using a hoist. HOI S T :a device used to lift or move material. It is shaped like a hook. 4.The timber then hooked into the break down machine to hold it. 5.The timber cut into more pieces. The cutting method can be seen in the next section. 6.Afterbeingcutintoseveralparts,thelogsaretransportedthrough the conveyor to pony machines. CUTTI NGMETHOD Therearetwokindsofmethodtocutlogsandthemethodisbasedon the size of the logs. Training Report 2015 Vely Tannia Lianto 4 1.The first one is big log cutting method which can be seen in figure 1.2 below: Figure 1.2 Big Log Cutting/Breakdown Method Firstofall,breakdownmachinewillcutabout1/3partofthelog.Then, the operators will turn the log so that the flat side is down. After that, the log will be cut into more parts again but the center part of the log should be avoided.2.The second method is small log cutting. The method is a bit different from big log cutting: Figure 1.3 Small Log Cutting/Breakdown Method The small log is only cut into two parts. If there is no crack, the log is cut in the middle. However, if there is crack, the cutting direction should follow the crack on the surface of the log so the logs are not broken. See figure 1.4 below: Figure 1.4 Log Cutting Direction if There is A Crack Training Report 2015 Vely Tannia Lianto 5 Ponymachineisusedtocutthelogpiecesfrombreakdownmachine intoseveralthinner(desiredthickness)piecesasdemandedinthe instruction. PT. Haswin Hijau Perkasa has six pony machines: two big pony machines and four smaller pony machines. Figure 1.5 Cutting Process from Break Down to Pony Machine WHATHAPPENSI NPONYMACHI NE? 1.The timber from break down machine is measured and arranged. 2.Thetimbertheninsertedintobigponymachinetoproducesmaller pieces. 3.Thecuttimberthentransportedtosmallerponymachinethrough conveyor based on the size needs of each small pony machine. 4.The timber then cut again into smaller or thinner size in the small pony machine. 5.Afterthat,thetimberissenttobandsawmachinethroughthe conveyor. *Allthemeasurementsofthicknessofcutarebasedontheproduction instruction. *Eachwoodhasdifferentcutbecauseeachofthemhasdifferentsize and density Training Report 2015 Vely Tannia Lianto 6 Band saw machine is a machine used to cut the timber into demanded lengthandremovetheundesiredpartofthetimber.PT.HaswinHijau Perkasahas2bandsawmachines.Afterprocessedinbandsaw machine, the sawn timbers are ready to be dried. Figure 1.6 Cutting Process in Band Saw Machine WHATHAPPENSI NBANDSAWMACHI NE? 1.The timber from pony machine is measured one by one. 2.The operator then marks the timber to show where the timber should be sawn. 3.Thetimbertheninsertedintobandsawtoproducesmallerpieces based on the cutting translation. 4.The output of sawn timber is recorded in the tally machine. 5.Therearevarioussizesofsawntimberoutput.Thesameoutputsare grouped and placed together. So log A will go to group A and log B will go to group B since log A and B have different size. *Allthemeasurementsoflengthofcutarebasedontheproduction instruction. * Timber cutting should leave some additional length for shrink tolerance Training Report 2015 Vely Tannia Lianto 7 TI MBERPATTERN The pattern of timber is affected by the cutting. There are 3 kinds of timbers pattern: 1.Plain/flat sawn Plainsawntimberwillleaveaflowerypatternonthewood.Usually, this kind of wood pattern is sellable in China because Chinese people like the pattern. 2.Quarter sawn Quartersawntimberwillleaveastraightlinepatternonthewood. ThiswoodissellableinJapansinceJapaneseloveperfectionand straight line. 3.Semi quarter/rift sawn Semi quarter/rift sawn timber will leave a diagonal line pattern on the wood