saliteraturo Jurnali

daarsebulia

1926 wels

aRdgenilia

1990 wels

ganaxlebulia

2008 wels

7ivlisi

2010

redaqtori

levan bregaZe

redaqtoris moadgile

zviad kvaracxelia

saredaqcio jgufi

maia kudava

nino miwiSvili

paata nacvliSvili

megi obolaSvili

oliko JRenti

nino yuloSvili

gvanca jobava

koncefcia da dizaini:

© paata nacvliSvili, 2008.

ISSN 1512 - 4444 © gamomcemloba `inteleqti~, 2008.

mouTvinierebeli striqonebi

arCil fircxalava. leqsebi(levan bregaZis publikacia)

poezia

anzor abJandaZe. leqsebinuciko dekanoziSvili. leqsebi

mxatvruli proza

zaira arseniSvili. `erTsa kacsa bliskinelsa~(fragmenti moTxrobidan)

eseistika/dokumenturi proza

baCana bregvaZe. maradisobis mociquli

fridon xalvaSi. gadaRmeTel (TurqeTel) CveneburebSi guram fanjikiZesTan erTad

(ivane amirxanaSvili fridon xalvaSis ukanasknel poetur krebulze)

manana amirejibi. ori etiudinino xoferia. aristokratiuli saga

problema

lali avaliani. gadarCenis rwmeniTa da imediT (meoce saukunis qarTuli mwerlobis gamo)

5

1013

16

2731

3842

48

52

54

60

64

70

74

77

78

79

79

kritika

nino vaxania. laSa gaxarias marTali poezianikolai berdiaevi. astraluri romani (fiqrebi andrei belis romanis – `peterburgis~ gamo)rusulidan Targmna lili mWedliSvilma

axali Targmanebi

o’ henri. dakarguli recepti(inglisuridan Targmna maia cercvaZem)georg biuxneri. lenci(germanulidan Targmna zurab abaSiZem)

ukvdavi saxelebi

Tamaz jologua. SeTqmuli qalebi (Tekla batoniSvili)

Teatri

Tamar kiknaveliZe. reza servatis `makbeti~ saqarTveloSi (nawili II)

prezentaciebi

esma mania. `vefxistyaosniT~ Semdgari eri da epoqa

caSi afrenili leqsebi (nino nadiraZis `franwaRebuli~)

wignebi

galaktionologia V

ivane liqokelis `xevsureTis sisxliani 37~

ivlisi 5

№ 7 2010

mouTvinierebeli striqonebi

arCil fircxalava

isev Sen, Rame, faliaSvili

Ramea da TviT ar vici ra qaria,yvela tkivils mogonebis qari aSlis.klaviSebze cremlad dneba zaqaria,RmerTo, suli dauloce faliaSvils!

rac gind didi mwuxareba momesios,Sens siyvaruls vemsxverplebi raindulad.TiTqos vanos `Tavo Cemo~ moesminos,dedamiwa mlocveliviT garindula.

ra uRmerTod wamiWire apeuri,sicocxle var, usicocxlod damwvi alo.sulgayidul murmaniviT dabneuliRamis qari ra eulad dawrialobs.

`romelma gulma gacnoba,bedi geqneba mwareo.amaRamdelo Rameo,nurc gaTendebi maleo~.

rac gind didi mwuxareba momesios,yvela dardi siyvaruliT iceleba.TiTqos vanos `Tavo Cemo~ moesminos,laJvardi ca eTeriviT icremleba.

es sicocxle vin agvinTo wamierad?saocrebiT anTebuli daval saiT?elvaa Tu siyvarulma gaielvaabo mefis Senaficar danasaviT?

`eTero, gaxsen gul-mkerdi,CemTAan Senc dasTme Tavia.cocxalsa murman vezirsame girCevniyo mkvdaria~.

... Ramea da TviT ar vici ra qaria,yvela tkivils mogonebis qari aSlis.klaviSebze cremlad dneba zaqaria,RmerTo, suli dauloce faliaSvils!

1964 w.

arCil fircxalavas (1944 - 1986) leqsebi wignad samjer gamoica, pirvelad – poetis sicocxleSi, 1983 wels, orjer ki – gardacvalebis Semdeg – 1992 da 2003 wlebSi. leqsebi, romlebsac axla gTavazobT, erTis garda, pirvelad qveyndeba – is erTi (`qalaqi~) erTaderTxel daibeWda gazeT `sityva qarTulSi~ 1993 wels (levan bregaZis publikacia). im xanaSi, roca isini daiwera, maTi umetesoba verc gamoqveyndeboda, zogi Sinaarsis, zogic formis gamo. axla ki es, sabednierod, SesaZlebelia. diax, aseTi leqsebic iTxzveboda sabWoTa saqarTveloSi. isini arCil fircxalavas, am araordinaruli pirovnebisa da Semoqmedis niWierebis axal waxnagebsac warmogviCens da imis kidev erT dasturadac gamodgeba, rom meamboxe suli qarTul poeziAaSi maSinac ar Camqrala, rodesac partiuli diqtati yvela sferoSi da uwinares yovlisa mxatvrul literaturaSi yovelgvari saSualebiT cdilobda CaexSo SemoqmedebiTi TAavisufleba, aRekveTa erovnuli Cagvris winaaRmdeg mimarTuli `gamoxdomani~.

№ 7 2010

6 ivlisi

* * *

kidev erTi saocrebis mowme gavxdiT ZirZvelni,madli ufals, madli ufals,xalxi varT Tu xalxebi.samxreTSiac CrdiloeTis mzis amosvla vigrZeniT,madli ufals, madli ufals, arasodes gavxmebiT.

raRad gvinda samxreTuli an mze anda soxane(ukacravad, samxreTis mziT gulgavsilo miwebo),madli ufals, madli ufals,yvelam muxli moxareT,rame provincialoba ar dagvbraldes, biWebo!

risi SoTa, risi cotne, risi saba-sulxani,didi saqme daviTi da miTumetes soselo.saxelebi istoriis xramebs gadauyareT,maxaraZes SeeSviT da mousmineT ozerovs.

ar gvWirdeba istoriis siRrmeebSi faTuri,amaod nu inaTlebiT daviTad da arCilad,yvelaferi, rac am qveynad darCenila qarTuli,uZvelesi rusi eris Zmobam gadaarCina.

Cven arc vinme rusTveli da aRarc saba gvyolia,provinciel Tamar mefes xom sjobia tamara.did xalxs didi petre hyavda, kargad gagigoniaT,Cven ki aba ras gavxdebiT goji miwis amara.

ras gviqvia samxreTuli an mze, anda soxane,didi rusis erTgulebis xatze danaficebno!madli ufals, madli ufals,yvelam muxli moxareT,rame provincialoba ar dagvbraldes, biWebo!

1979 w.

qalaqi

ver gaxda Cemi es qalaqi,Tumca aTi welia vcxovrob,aTi welia finagentebs vejijRinebi,saxlmmarTvelobas guls vuwvrileb,rigs vicav daxlTanda bazarSi qurT memwvanilescecxlis – odesRac RvTiuri cecxlis –siiafeze vukiTxav morals.aTi welia – ca coliviT Semovirige,vflangav honorars(niWs flangavo, mwerlebma miTxres).

* * *gamarjoba, levan Zmao!upirvelesad madlobas gixdi

yuradRebisaTvis, – es-esaa mi-viRe Jurnalis pirveli nomeri.

agremc RmerTi gaaxarebs Sens monagars.

gisurveb janmrTelobasa da SemoqmedebiT gamarjvebebs. me Tu mikiTxav, vzivar samegrelos sataxto qalaqsa Sina, ukeTu zugdidsa, da vwer samformian dokumentur wigns – `qarTuli faifuris dabadebas~. ase rom, mokle xanSi mfrinavi TefSebi Tu ara, faifuris TefSebi mainc ar mogvakldeba.

vkiTxulob Zalian bevrs, davwere axali leqsebi da kidev bavSvTAa saerTaSoriso wlis zegavleniT sabolood Sevu-rigdi cols, miuxedavad amisa, dedaqalaqis cirebi Jami-Jam sizmarSi mecxadebian da Zils mikargaven. davwere vrceli werili `giorgi nafetvariZe~.

momenatra dedaqalaqi, mom-enatreT Tqven, magram swored SenisTana kargi biWebis sasixa-rulod bevri ram gavaswore pi-rad cxovrebaSi da... maisSi isev movbrundebi dedaqalaqSi.

axla kidev erTi: Zmao le-van, es werili rigiT mesa mea, romelsac Seni misamarTiT v gzavni. pasuxi ki araferze ar mimiRia. davijero ase daitvir-Te? macnobe siaxleebze, Seak-iTxe `merans~, gamige vis misces sarecenziod Cemi leqsebis wig-ni, misces ki saerTod?

momikiTxe kargi biWebi da mo-mikiTxe Tqveni TanamSromlebi.

personaluri mokiTxva rezo Wubabrias.

gkocni Zmurad.Rvinomanias SeveSvi!Seni arCil fircxalava.

10/IV-79.

ivlisi 7

№ 7 2010

avdivar maRla – RmerTkacebis sasaflaoze,Cavdivar dabla – veZeb ticians didubeSida viRrinebi.oqroyanaSi, damnaSave me viyo TiTqos,vtoveb buCqnarebs, sadac ucnobs Semohyavs gogoiloris karze Sesawirad dabmul kraviviT.`karabadini~ zedmet fasSi momyides guSin,xuTmagi fasiT – muxranis da anas wignebi.didebulia kafeebi, SaSi, domino,opera, kino dagvixura `riCard mesamem~,ramaz CxikvaZis sayvarlobas iCemebs viRac –zeiTunis zeTis flakoni.marTla gyavdaTo TuTaSxia? – biWebma mkiTxes.aba ra vici – vin gvyavda da ris gamo gvyavda,aTi welia me aqa var, aTi welia mec TqvensaviT vtkepni am prospeqtsda viSvelieb asaTians – saRmerTo Rvinos.mikvirs ki, mainc im xurjina tetiad vrCebi,a, a, aTi wlis winaT aq rom Camoiyvanesda gzamkvlevebiT daeZebda TviTeul ubans.gadawyda! – karg dros momayivla Cemma sofelma,awi, qalaqo, mxolod stumrad mogibrundebi,ara mgonia, vinmem kalTa Camomaxios.ar gaugiaT aq Cemi mosvla da verc wasvlas gaigebs vinme,ar iyivlebda uadgilod Cemi sofeli.

[1982 w.]

saavadmyofoSi

moSavdRevdeba is wertilic,roca iqneba,am ulagamo, nerga biWebs daveTxovebiise ubralod, –a, – qalis mkerds rom miaCerdeda qalma xeli aifaros –xom ar miCanso mTvrali meuRlis nakbilari,ise ubralodyvelas, yvelafers davtoveb da daveTxovebi.

[1982 w.]

locva

sofleli gogoazRudis Tasmas rom Seisworebsxelisa da mxris gasayarze,ase mgonia, locvas apirebs,

* * *

gamarjoba, Zmao levan!gisurveb yovelgvar sik-

eTes. axla uSualod saqme. Cemo levan, erTi SeakiTxe im Cems sacodav leqsebs, gamige ras apireben, Cems sikvdils xom ar elodebian.

Zalian cud dReSi var. deda avad, Zalian mZime mdgomareoba-Sia. mec vera var kargad, magram jerjerobiT vuZleb. Sen leqse-bi rom mogeci krebulisTvis, is krebuli gamova Tu ara saer-Tod.

kidev Zalian saWiro Txovna: Tu Zma xar, ar daizaro, raRac kapikebis saqmea – operis win iy-ideba Cemi `aleqsandre oleoni-kovi~. Tqvens did konvertSi erTi eqvsi cali mainc Caeteva. megona zugdidSi movidoda ga-sayidad da amitom ar wamoviRe, erTi calic ar maqvs. Zalian gTxov gamomigzavno. me ar vici rodis movaxerxeb Camosvlas. Zalian miWirs yovelmxriv. su-lieradac, materialuradac da ra vici rogor ar miWirs.

Teimuraz abulaZis bolo srul wignze vakeTeb recenzias da kargs izam, Tu mesame nomerSi momixerxeb rogorme.

mokiTxva rezos da Tqveni koleqtivis mSvenier wevrebs – ciras da ninos, nino da ciras. veli pasuxs.

maradis Seni arCil fircxa-lava.

10/IV-81.

№ 7 2010

8 ivlisi

ise sadaa,ise naTeli es rituali.

ase mgonia – locvas apirebsglexkaci –xnulSi rom Camdgara SiSvel fexebiT –quds moiSvlipavs,cas axedavs,Subls moimSralebs.

[1982 w.]

Tavisufali Tema:`erovnul-patriotuli motivi ilias mixedviT~

ver daaguba lelT Runiamsaukunis boRma-naRveli.ver gauZlo moxevis xorxmaxanjaliviT mobjenil saTqmels.

Senc ver gauZleb, erTxelac iqneba,Senc ver aitan, erTxelac iqneba,daam yinuleTssipi SubliT Seenarcxebi –rom gaarRvio, gaitano,gaiTaAviso,ganifino,ganivrcoqveynis irgvliveTSi,rogorc es mze,mze – daRaluli,berdedasaviTmitovebul koSkis yures dayudebuli.da dasvam kiTxvas:– rogor gveyudnis?

[1982 w.]

mzeo, suliviT TAavisufalo!

RvTis sapatiod locvis Jams Zveli kolxebi

miwas iyridnen Tavze, viTom cocxlad imarxebodnen.

ginda vedrebad CagviTvale,ginda Sekedlebad CagviTvale,ginda gandgomad CagviTvale,

* * *

Zmao levan,gamarjoba.ra ambebia.xom xar kargad.RmerTma kargad gamyofos.me vera var kargad.moviSale, daviRale.suli mtkiva.me rom werili Cagabare, ra

dReSia. iqneba ki?Seixede erTi meore oTGaxSi

da damizuste ras apireben Cems leqsebze.

Cems sikvdils xom ar ucdian, an imas, rom erTi yvelaferze xeli Caviqnio. aseTi meTodeb-iTac exerxebaT brZola zogi-erTebs. vicode mainc.

Zalian mtkiva. rogor, mainc-adamainc xiStiT unda vidge yoveldRe gamomcemlobaSi?

mokled, Tu Zma xar, ar da-izaro da macnobe, erTi Cemi Tqvendami Cabarebuli werilis da meorec Cemi leqsebis wignis Sesaxeb.

aba Zmurad, sul samiode kaci-Ra SemrCiT vxedav. ver iclian `Zmebi~, he...

maradis Seni arCil fircxa-lava.

20/IX-81.

ivlisi 9

№ 7 2010

ginda gandobad CagviTvale,mzeo, suliviT TAavisufalo.Cvena varT Cvenive mesaflaveebi,Cvena varT cxedrebic da Cvena varT saflavebic,TiTqos aTasi Sva zecam mTvareebi,Sen xar erTaderTi, Sen xar erTaderTi, mzeo, suliviT TAavisufalo.mogarTmevT – Tvalsacera xarebis qedebs,mogarTmevT – rqayanwala xarebis muxlebs,mogarTmevT – keris nacars, naRvlian dedebsSens molodinSi rom uxazavT wuxel.mzeo, suliviT TAavisufalo.mogarTmevT Wigos da mogarTmevT xardans,mogarTmevT saxniss da mogarTmevT erqvans,oRondac rac gvqvia, kvla igi gverqvas,laCari – laCars, gamtani – gamtans,mzeo, suliviT TAavisufalo.mogarTmevT – Tvalmercxala cirebis locvebs,mogarTmevT – Tvalmaxara vaJebis buxuns,sisxlidan rom modis, xorci rom uxurs,RmerTma saimaTo ulufa mogces,mzeo, suliviT TAavisufalo.mogarTmevT soxanes, mogarTmevT erdos,mogarTmevT zvars da mogarTmevT kalos,oRondac aqeTken ar daikvalosavma da macilma dReisa Semdgom, mzeo, suliviT TAavisufalo.mogarTmevT tabakonas rokapis kbilebs,mogarTmevT tabakonas rokapis xelebs,uRmerTo macilTa laquca mxevlebsgadugde sajijgnad da gaakvirve,mzeo, suliviT TAavisufalo.daswvi da daSube avi da macili,daswvi da dabange mkvdruli da Rrma ZiliT,niadag ugrZele Senamde manZili,godeba miage, imedi acile,sakuTar Zmaze da col-Svilze acine,mteriviT acine, TAavisufalo.... ginda vedrebad CagviTvale,ginda Sekedlebad CagviTvale,ginda gandgomad CagviTvale,ginda gandobad CagviTvale,Cven sxva anderZnamags arvis vubarebT,vivliT saflavebad, muxad da Zelqvad,oRondac kvla qarTvels qarTveli erqvas,qarTveli erqvas – TaAvisufali!

1982 w.

* * *

gamarjoba, Zmao levan!kidev da kidev gisurveb

yovelgvar sikeTGes cxovrebaSi.madlobeli var Cemi werilis

dabeWdvisaTvis. ukve naxevari weli gasrulda, rac gulrifSis mkvidri var. yvelaferi keTdeba operaciis TaAvidan asacileb-lad. amas wineebze didTov-lobis Jams zugdidSi viyavi da reJimi damerRva, Torem saqme ar iyo mTlad cudad. axla woliTi reJimi maqvs.

ZAmao levan, Zalian gTxov ar daizaro da gamomigzavno `kri-tikis~ is nomeri. aq ar Rebulo-ben. agreTve, Tu sadme groSe-bia gamowerili, gTxov naTela buRalters uTxra da aq gadmo-migzavnoT.

mokiTxva Tqvens koleqtivs da yvelas, visac jer kidev vaxs-ovar.

Seni arCil fircxalava.

11/IV-85.

№ 7 2010

10 ivlisi

poezia

anzor abJandaZe

xuTi leqsis balada

eWviani RimiliT vuZRvni

Cems gulSematkivrebs

misayvedures: `bolo xans leqsebs ar swero, ratom?..iqneb gagicvda kalami, an dagiJangda mTlad?..~`ra giTxraT-meTqi? – am mware sayvedurisTvis gmadlobT,Tund xvalve xuT leqss dagiwerT, – arad vargivar sxvad...~

davjeqi werad... xuTs? – vera! – yurs cudad xvdeba `xuTi~...oTxia wminda, RvTiuri... oTxi gamixsnis cas!..ajobebs, oTxjer damedos riTmis tkbil-mware xundi,oTxjer gavaRo guli da oTxjer Semovkra zars...

magram... es oTxic maeWvebs, – ra vi, – bevria, mgoni...vin uwyis neba gangebis?.. . uwyalod mihqris droc!.. swrafia bedis mdinare... vah, droni... droni... droni...gadawyda: sam leqss vikmareb, bevric gamqirdon romc.

sams?.. ara, ori sjobia!.. ki, – ori minda swored!ori – sicocxlis wyaroa, erTi bude aqvs ors...sinaTlec orTav Tvalisa gaedevneba SoreTsda mainc sadRac ipovis Tavis meores – swors... ho, magram... RmerTi erTia... saxe yovlisa tanis...ucnauri da uTqmeli...

Aanzor abJandaZe daibada 1941 wels.

gGamoqveynebuli aqvs poeziisa da prozis Targmanebi

(aleqsandr puSkini, mixail lermontovi, leonid

andreevi, vasil SukSini, riunoske akutagava da sxv.),

rusTvelologiuri naSromi `vefxistyaosani da misi

avtori~, publicisturi da literaturuli werilebi.

ivlisi 11

№ 7 2010

sasoeba da xsna...ho, erTi leqsic meyofa daTrgunvad me satanis,Tuki, ubralod, kargia, da... araferi sxva...

magram... ra vuyo am erTsac, ra gasaqani mivce?..irgvliv susxia... zamTari ukve momadga kars...xom ar sjobs davwva, rom Tundac patara cecxlad iqces,Tu – am gaZarcul totebSi gavasaubro qars?

ho, isini...

ho, isini, ara-Rirsni, netareben zeciuri sivrciT... me da Sen ki mivlaslasebT, daTrgunulni viris kurtniT – sibrZniT.

ho, isini dRes zeoben, xval ki zeca mouskdebaT risxviT... me da Sen ki mSvidada varT, da sad mivalT, da raca varT – viciT...

magram ase sanam gavZloT? – kvlav Soria samarTali zecis...puri gviWirs sulis sazrdod,Torem gvyofnis xorcis sazrdod – leqsic.

mosawvevi baraTi Tanakurselebs

eh, samocs gadavabijeT, ufro metisac vxdebiT,vberdebiT, da erTmaneTis ukve qelexSi vsxdebiT.muxlebi mogvifamfalda, gvzafravs siberis Wiri,xan fiqrebSi varT CanTqmuli, xan vjajRanebT da vyviriT.zogs guli gvtkiva, zogs – suli, zogs gvikankalebs xeli,Rvinos veRar vsvamT,

№ 7 2010

12 ivlisi

WiqaSi Cai gvisxia cxeli.gavTeTrdiT, dagvinaoWda loyebi, erT dros Tlili,zogs Tma gagvcvivda mTlianad, zogs – TiTqmis yvela kbili,Tvals mxedveloba dagvaklda, guls – siyvarulis ali,mSvidad vucqeriT, razedac gvebriceboda Tvali,survilic ukve xSirad gvaqvs loginSi marto wolis,zogs ar gvyavs, zogs – ramdenime, zogs – gagvisuqda coli.

dRes ase vcxovrobT... ar viciT, xval ras gvimzadebs bedi...mec Tqveni Wiri mawuxebs da bareorjer meti.CamovrCi yvela qaravans, yvela gzasa da Saras,dRes ra maqvs, magram imasac xvale mtacebs da mparavs.xval – daviZineb maradis, dRes – ZlivZlivobiT mZinavs,dRes ufanjro maqvs, xval melis ukar-ufanjro bina.dRes rom Ria maqvs yovelTvis, xval ver gagiRebT karebs,xvalisTvis nuRar gadadebT, dResve mestumreT barem.Tu purmarilsac moitanT, magra dagiwyebT qebas,Rvinos, mwvads, goWs da wiwilas... prasi ar gindaT – qe maqvs......maS, modiT, Torem dro garbis, samocze metis vxdebiT,vberdebiT, da erTmaneTis ukve qelexSi vsxdebiT.

qeba uimedobas

uimedobis yvavilebo,fiqrSi Rivdeba Tqveni Tesli,didxansac hyvaviT dauWknoblad.

me vTvrebi Tqveni surnelebiT,roca uRmerTod vixlarTebisadme, imedTa ekal-bardSi.

ivlisi 13

№ 7 2010

nuciko dekanoziSvili

werili klaras. 1943

meore msoflio omis dros Telavis hospitalSi erTi axalgazrda eqimiRa uvlida tifiT daavadebul germanel tyveebs. tifi gadaedo, rogorc mosalodneli iyo, da 35 wlis asakSi gardaicvala. es kaci gaxldaT Salva dekanoziSvili – Cemi didi papa.

Zvirfaso klara! vidre gvremas damiwyebs ferdi, an mesayvire StefaniviT gamezrdeba uceb muceli, mokled dagiwer: aq dilidan wvims Cvens dagebul qvafenilebze, mokirwylul quCas alag-alag emCneva bzari, Weqa-quxilze zanzareben Txeli minebi, da me sikvdilTan gavanaRde guSinRam zavi. Tu gaxsovs, – Cveni iadoni, Wrel galiaSi suls rom Rafavda, ai, ase, da swrafad, uriTmod farTxalebs guli, da kiolnis civi dekemberi mivlis terfebSi. hospitlis kedlebs sdiT iodis momwaro suni, da sadRac gaqrnen, mofarfate aqve, eqTnebi. `SobelZaRlebi~! – yovel diliT dudRunebs kaci – idealistis moqnili da grZeli TiTebiT. raRac aseTi ginebaa, mgonia, – `Svain~, radgan haerSi moqneuli msxvil-msxvili nemsi Cems dundulaSi aTi wuTi mainc ZagZagebs. Tumca, iseTi Tvalebi aqvs – paladinis an mRvdelmsaxuris. hoda, yvelani daifantnen, da Wers Sevyureb, aseT amindSi natyviari barZayTan mwiwknis. vinc gafrindnen da, xo gafrindnen, totze beRuras niskartiT mwvane CibuxiviT uWiravs wiwvi. ginda mowie, ai, axla, ginda iyvire, arc zarebia am qalaqSi, Zvirfaso klara! da mec amwapnis dRes an xvale daRlil suls tifi.

didxans mjeroda dedis moyolili ambavi: – rogor mnaxes SuamTis tyeSi man da mamam cisferi kabiT buCqSi mjdari gogo-ia, rogor movewone maSinve saocrad, da, Cemi nebarTvis safuZvelze, rogor wamomiyvanes saxlSi da nino damarqves. Yyvelas vuyvebodi amas sabavSvo baRSi, ubanSi, Sin da gareT... rasakvirvelia, am `legendis~ siuJeti momwonda yvelaze metad da amitom mjeroda ase didxans. saerTodac, axla vacnobiereb, rom mTeli cxovreba Cems mier mogonil legendebSi da ambebSi vcxovrob: vigoneb adamianebs, anturaJs, personaJebs... da mere vinaxav, an vxev.davibade TelavSi 1973 wlis 17 ivniss. skola `medalze~ davamTavre, instituti `wiTel diplomze~. davamTavre, agreTve, samusiko skolis Svidwledi, samxatvro skolis oTxwledi, qoreografiuli skolis oTxwledi qarTuli da evropuli cekvebis ganxriT, maqvs pirveli Tanrigi WadrakSi 12 wlis asakis bavSvTa Soris sabWoTa kavSirSi. sabWoTa kavSirze gamaxsenda, – me `wiTelyelsaxveviani Taobis~ warmomadgeneli

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14 ivlisi

ho, is eqimic – `SobelZaRli~ – guSin momkvdara.

saluti! vkocni ufafukes vardisfer TiTebs,

Seni nikola.

gzadidobebi

raRa vTqva kargi, saamuri, morRveuli kedlebis patrons

damrCa patruqi – mxrColavi da gacveTili dReebis dasta,

aq iyo lxinic, Wiric iyo, fqvili – blomad, da mere qatoc

gamogvadga da moxarSuli Suacecxlis sanTurze dagvrCa, –

xeluxlebeli, rom xelaxla SegveTbo da mogvesva CamCa.

mogvesva Cqari nabijebiT, bednieri briyvebis msgavsad,

saxeze muri mogvesva da kedlebi ki gvelesa kiriT,

qoxi – islebiT daxuruli, faratina da sxvisTvis Talxi,

amogveyvana, amogveqna, Segveria haeris iriss,

da mogvesmina balaxebis moCurCule wirvebi kviris.

axla raRa vqna, ra viRono, – romel sityvas vaxalo Tavi?

gzadidobebi – didi, didi, dasasruli – gvalva da Cixi,

ramdenjer frena movindome, ucnobebi dReebSi mrgaven,

rom vumkurnalo dedamiwis Wleqiani filtvebis xixins,

arada, ise mindoda, rom dameWeqa sikvdili rixiT!

arada, ise vlivlivebdi sadenebiT gakeril caSi,

da Cveni qatos oxSivari apurebda damSeul sofels.

omi sicocxlis, natyviari, Cveni grZeli – gabmuli marSiT

erTmaneTisgan gasaqcevad svla – mxedruli, gaTvlili orze,

morzes anbaniT gacemuli SeTqmuleba – kakuni morze,

kakuni qoxis SesasvlelTan, sxvisi mrude fexebi zRurblze,

da moCxarune borkilebiT aTreuli samyaros sevda.

rom gavugzavno Zveli lxini mociale, daleul Rrubels,

da qatos fafac mosaxarSad Suacecxlis kideze Sevdga,

aRar moxval da fqvilsac aRar momitan, neta?

raRa mogwero, – darbeuli sizmrebis patrons.

raRa mogwero, – daxvretili sityvebis meti.

Uusayuro qalis leqsi

icode,

arafrad dagidev

protokols, statuss da angariSs,

var, – skolaSi yovelTvis daWmuWnili yelsaxvevi

mekeTa, CanTidan amovacurebdi-xolme

SenobaSi Sesvlis win, – quCaSi rom mekeTa, ar mindoda, skolaSi ki yelsaxvevis gareSe ar gviSvebdnen. 7

aprils mitingze gavipareT ramdenime bavSvi Telavidan

matarebliT, 8 aprils ris vai-vaglaxiT dagvabrunes

mSoblebma saxlebSi. 9 aprils ki TvalebgafarToebulebi

da sisxlgayinulebi SevyurebdiT televizorebs...

mere sul maxsendeboda omis musika – papa rom mimReroda

ToTos Zilis win iavnanis nacvlad da arxeinad marwevda

Ronier mklavebSi Tavis monagars, – meore msoflio

omis qarcecxlgamovlili da gamobrZmedili meomari... aravis sjera, magram marTla

maxsovda es musika. mere Cveni omi daiwyo. Mmere me deda

gavxdi. axla Tekla 18 wlisaa. vmuSaobdi sxvadasxva,

radikalurad gansxvavebul samsaxurebSi. profesiiT

qarTuli literaturis specialisti da Jurnalisti

gaxlavarT. Yyvelaze didi xani vmuSaobdi televiziaSi,

radioSi da Jurnal-gazeTebSi. amJamad Telavis

universitetis doqtoranti da asistent-profesori

var qarTuli literaturis ganxriT.

arasodes mifiqria Cemi

ivlisi 15

№ 7 2010

Sendobas ar viTxov,

gagimxel,

rogor amitexes gangaSi

mkerdqveS SeyuJulma bartyebma,

alaznis Walebs rom movedeT,

mze rom wylis napirze ixdida,

da Cvens moalisfro manqanas

saqare minebze daasxdnen

beRura da boloqanqara.

ukabo,

xisti,

usayuro,

alublis kunwulis amara

vardisfer yurebze,

gavyureb

akrefil nislebs da

samyurebs

bolomdedaWrilfrCxiliani

ulaqo TiTebiT vagroveb.

egeba, ggonia (qali var,

mainc da) bedi, martooba

maSinebs,

da mewvis mariliT

naferi Wriloba,

omebi,

yuris bibilosTan Caxsnili

marjvena falangis iara.

sayuris arqoniT ki ara,

yurgauxvretelis saxeliT

gafrTxileb:

saSiSi zonaa,

aq periodulad isvrian,

Tan strategiuli zomebiT –

pirdapir gulSi da

isrebiT

sCveviaT Tavdasxma,

Tavxedebs!

amoisunTqe da gaxede –

rogor borZikoben

batknebi,

TeTr farebs marTaven

yoCebi,

ha da ha – qofakebs gadavrCeT,

ha da ha – leqsad Tu momrCebi,

ha da ha – Ramemde wagiRo –

aseTi saTuTi,

saCemo.

ludiviT SiSxinebs ganwyoba

da maRla viqaCav sayelos.

nawerebis gamoqveyneba, – wera ubralo da organuli momentia CemTvis, Tumca arastabiluri, – periodulad vwyvet da gadavdivar TviTgamoxatvis sxva saSualebebze. swored amitom literaturuli fsevdonimi SevarCie – bebiis gvariT.M mesame welia yvelaze intensiurad vwer da ar vici, sadamde gagrZeldeba es uwyveti faza, iqneb, – bolomde? Aar vici. aseT asakSi poetebSi naklebia Zlieri SemoqmedebiTi muxti, gamonaklisis garda, – me gamonaklisebSi aRmovCndi...

№ 7 2010

16 ivlisi

mxatvruli proza

saxlSi sibnele da sicive dax-vda... da siCume... `samariseburio~, – gaifiqra, `albaT, sabolood daides bina siCumem, sicivema da sibnelemo...~ da Tumca sxvas arc arafers moeloda, Tumca aRdgomis Semdeg zizi veRar Camovida, SeiZ-leba iTqvas, aqeT aRar gamouxe-davs, zafxulic moskovTan, rezos aga rak ze gaatares, magram igulisx-meboda, rom dRes ara, xval, an roca iqnebo da, rogorc liziko ambobda, roca gadaivlida es `наваждение~, Camovidoda da kvlav Congurs simebs gaubavdnen. Turme varau-dobdnen amaod, guSin del ma Sexla-Semoxlam, karebis gamojaxunebam da saboloo gadawyvetilebam, zi-zisken aRar miexeda da Tbilisisken piri ar eqna, axla `am bneli RamiT~ saxlSi mobrunebuls, es utyvi kedlebic, es gauvali siCumec ganSorebis macned da dasturad moeCvena.

`nuu irakli, nuu, Seni Wirime...~ evedreboda q-ni elene.

`deda! deda! Seni qomagoba ar Wirdeba, ara, gesmiis!?~ yvi ro da zizi.

`me bolos momiRebs es gaugonari ambavi...~ da q-ni elene gul ze ikrav-da momuStul mtevnebs, TiTqos taxikardia unda SeaCeroso.

`ase ajobebs... yvelasTvis ase ajobebs...~ aSoSminebda irakli, mxarze xels xvevda, cdilobda daerwmunebina: `xom ar SeiZleba am Sejaxebebs Seve wi roT!~ mere ki Tavqudmoglejili gamorboda, rom Telavis avtobusis Tvis mieswro.

Seuracxyofis, brazisa da saso-warkveTis miuxedavad, ecodebo-da q-ni elene, Ta naugrZnobda, yovelTvis kargi damokidebuleba hqonda Tavis sidedrTan, am aTi wlis manZlze ki, dedis sikvdi-

lis Semdeg, gansakuTrebiT SeeT-visa, dedas agonebda zrunviTa da moferebiT, iraklis dedas, maikos, romelsac yovelTvis ise axa rebda maTi Camosvla, ise mouTmenlad eloda; arada erT SabaT-kviras rom irakli midioda TbilisSi say-varel colTan, meore kviras isini Camo diod nen, xolo ardadegebisa da dResaswaulebis dros xom sul TelavSi iyvnen, – maiko gansa-kuTrebiT emzadeboda xolme, ico-da elene deteq tive bis Tvis giJde-boda da wina dReebSive wavidoda wignebiT gamote nil did saxel gam Si da aucileblad moiZiebda axalga-mocemul deteqtivebs, simenonisa iqneboda, agata kristis da Tu sxva ucnobi avtorebisa. `Cemo maiko,~ etyoda elene, `Sen rom maspinZloba ici, tyuilia, romeli erTi vTqva, nairnairi sa sus navebi, Tu es nair-nairi deteqtivebi. bedi hqonia Cems zizis, bedi, iraklis aRar vambob, SenisTana dedamTili rom Seaxve-dra RmerTma~.

`Cems Svilsac hqonia bedi, Cemo elene~, etyoda maikoc da iraklis da zizis Semxedva res guli siamiT evseboda, ra bednierebaa, rom ase uyvarT erTma ne Tio, amdeni wlebis manZilze ase SeinarCunes mRelva-reba da sinaze erT ma ne Tis mimar-To. `Cveni cxovrebis wesia, deida maiko, safuZveli Cveni urRvevi bednierebiso~. – eubneboda xolme zizi siciliT Tavis dedamTils da gu lis xmobda imas, rom maT Ta-vidanve ase arCies, irakli TelavSi darCeni li yo, sadac skolasa da institutSi istorias aswavlida, zizi ki, profesiiT filologi, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universi-tetSi, da cxrili gaenawile bi naT ise, rom kviris bolo ori ves Ta-visufali hqonoda. maikos kidev

zaira arseniSvili

`erTsa kacsa bliskinelsa~

(fragmenti moTxrobidan)

ivlisi 17

№ 7 2010

ra axa reb da da malxazic ase rom SeeTvisa zizis, namdvili dedasa-viT, pirve lad iraklim rom Camoi-yvana TelavSi, malxazi Svidi wlis iyo maSin da rogor eWvianobda, gamoikravda kopebs, gamobuStavda tuCebs da ganze gadgeboda, aki be-biasac Sestira: ra kargad viyaviT, bebi, Cven samni, rad undoda mamas, rada, am zizis Camoyva nao, albaT, me aRar vuyvarvar da imi tomo. ara, genacvalos bebia, amSvideb da maiko, ai, naxav, Tu ukeTesad ar viqnebi-To. da marTlac, sul male, ro gor Seuyvarda malxazsac, rogor elo-da xolme zizis Camosvlas: Camova da tyeSi wavalTo, Camova da karg wignebs Camomitanso, Camova da in-glisurs mame ca dinebso, bezeian torts gaa ke Tebso, naZvis xes er-Tad movrTavT, erTad viTamaSebT kidec da ra mxiaru lad viqnebiTo... q-n elenesac gamzrdel be bia Si la-mis aRar arCevda. didi zrunvac gamoiCines, gansakuTrebiT mal-xa zis studentobis dros, marT-la SviliviTa da SviliSviliviT uvlid nen, arc arsad gauSves Tavis-gan, arc saerTo sacxovrebelSi da arc RviZl biZas Tan, dedisZmasTan, rodamis, iraklis pirveli colis alal ZmasTan. mere aspirantur-aSic rom swavlob da, moskovSi, iqac zizis ZmasTan, rogorc namdvil bi-ZasTan, mosiyvarule da mzrunvel biZasTan, ise cxovrobda. zizis Zma revazi biologi iyo, genetikosi, da swored iman misca gza malxazs, misi me cadineobiTa da xel SewyobiT gag-zavnes malxazi amerikaSi, da ager ax lac, ise ar dare kavs bostonidan, pir vel rigSi zizi da bebo elene ar moikiTxos, mamas suli ar Cabe-ros, ra iqneba, CamoxvideT, ramdeni xniTac gin daTo... da gana malxa-zis zrun viT ar aris, Tavisianebs rom amags ufa sebs, da am sastiki gaWirvebis dros, TviTon sam-sami bavSvis patroni, amaTac xels atans da asuldgmu lebs. RmerTo, rom icodes malxazma... deda rom wa-moaxeda samaridan... ar dai je reben, ara... am saSinelebas... an rogor un-da daijeron! gagiJebul xar To, raRac sneba SegyriaTo... isedac dardi aqvs malxazs aqaurobis da

uTxras da dardze dardi mouma-tos? da siy ma w vilidan akviatebuli kiTxva ratom? ratom? ratom? si-beremde mohyva da axlac, dardiTa da balRamiT savse, isev am kiTxvas imeorebda. ratom aseTi dabneleba tvinisa, gadabru ne ba gunebisa! ra-tom ase acrueba gulisa? amdeni xnis erTobis Semdego...

veRar, veRar, veRarasdros zizis im amob ne lebul, sastiksa da gabo-ro tebul mzeras, aspitis gamyinav mzeras, sul cota xnis winac, usay-varlesi qmris, axla ki mtrad dasax-uli qmris danaxva veRar gaaqarwy-lebs da veRar gaanaTebs. ra zustia franguli andaza, siave silamazis mteriao. ra silamaze, ris sila ma ze, avad moqceuli saxe da asavsavebu-li, gafarCxuli xelebi! namdvilad qoqolas ayrida! `do cen ti qali~, mTeli sicocxle rom egona, ula-mazesi Tvalebi hqonda... da mTli-anadac, TaviT fexebamde... RmerTo, es ra naxa, es ra ganicada... Sem za ra-vi Tvalebi... lamis amouxta bu de e-bidan... da wyevla... wyev la... veras-dros rom ver warmoidgenda, Tu ase Ti wyev la SeeZlo... gaSra da gaS-eSda, sunTqva Seekra, guli mCvari-viT gaux da, TiTqos erTi wuTic da gaWrida wyevlis nes tari... vali-doli undoda amoeRo piJamis ji-bidan da ga dasZlia Tavs, ara viTari survili ar hqonda yuradRebis na-saxi gamoeCinaT... araviTari... Ta-visi fancifuncebis mokrefa dai-wyo da CanTaSi Calageba. q-ni elene xelebSi etaneboda, me Seminde, me Semindeo, emudareboda. zizi ki karebebis jaxuniT gadi-gamodioda abazanasa da sawol oTaxs Sua da at-kiebul TeZoze xels ibjenda. arc Secodebia, irbinos, irbinos ase Ta-vaRerilma, mouxdebao, boRmianad gaifiqra iraklim. magram zizisac sityva ar dascde nia, dedam rom uTxra iraklisTvis manqana waurT-meviaTo, ise iyo gamexe bu li wyev-la-krulviT, iqneb xeirianad verc gaigo da egona, Cveulebriv, Tavi-si manqaniT unda gabrunebuliyo ukan. odes Rac bavSvobaSi gagonili sityve bi amoutivtivda, gagania koleqtiviza ci is dros, soflis orRobeSi, CamorT meul xar-Zroxas

№ 7 2010

18 ivlisi

saxriT moerekeboda komkavSireli biWi da gaafTre bul pat ronebs mxarukuRma mosZaxoda: `wyev la mawyevarsa, wyevla mawyevar sa...~ eseigi wyevlis gamaneitralebel formulas mosZaxoda. gaaxsenda irak lis da calybad gaecina. Turme Capresilia adamianSi yvelaferi... civili za ci is sawyisebidan moyole-buli, pirvelyofili cru rwmenebi-dan, pirvelyo fi li religiebidan moyolebuli, da kacma ar icis, ra kataklizmebi, ra rye vebi da mi-wisZvrebi gaarRvevs napralebs, amoafrqvevs saukuneebis win Caq ves-kne le bul sityvebs... ase egona Sig gulSi gauyares Sxamiani nestari, mowamles da saZraoba daukarges...

rac Tavisuflebis talRa ago-rda, Tumca Tavidan orive erT-nairad iyo moculi Tavdatexili kataklizmebiT, sul male zizim ise ifeTqa, ise aRel da da siamayiT aivso, raRac ucnauri ampartavne-bac ki daeufla, erTi-or jer na-cionaluri moZraobis mxardamWer mitingze sityviTac gamovida da tribunidan gadmoiZaxa, rom `axla Sin jdoma da gulxelis dakrefa Rala tis tolfasia~, da aRinTo surviliT Tavisi sayvareli qmar-ic aqtiuri mo mitinge da tribuni gaexada. `me xom momismenia, ikakuna, Seni sajaro leq ciebi TelavSi, da ufleba ara gaqvs, Cemo Zvirfaso, aqac ar daimkvidro is saxeli, ra-sac imsaxureb da risi Rirsic xar~. irakli ki, Tumc Tela vidan Camos-vlisas, amoudgeboda xolme zizis mxarSi da dahyveboda mitingebze, aki xumrobiT dolores ibarur-sac eZaxda Tavis cols, es vin myo-lixar Turme da ar vicodio, mainc eWvebiT iyo moculi, ra iqneba da rogor ganviTardeba movlenebio, xolo rac Seexeba mitingebze sity-viT gamosvlas, arc surda da verc warmoedgina. `ra maxsendeba, ici? bloks, peterburgis universite-tis iuridiuli fakultetis stu-dents, amxanagebma lamis boikoti gamoucxades imis gamo, rom yvela mitingze wavida da mxolod is darCa auditoriaSi. bolos ki ise gamovi-da, rom bloki iyo maSin marTali,

da sul ar iyo saWiro im mitinge-bze siaruli, ramdeni sisxli daiR-vara... da im mitingebma Secvales qveynis istoria...~

`ar gamagiJo irakli, ra SuaSia axla sisxli! es yovlad mSvidobiani mitin gebia...~

irakli moiRrubla: `samwuxarod, sisxli yovelTvis SuaSia... da me ar minda erTi axalgazrdis sisxlic ki daiRvaros...~

9 aprilis Semdeg ki irakli kri-tikulad ganewyo nacionalistu-ri orientaciis momxre liderTa mimarT, da maTi xelisuflebis sa-Ta veSi mosvlis Semdeg, Tavisda samwuxarod, irakli da zizi dapi-ris pire bul Ta Soris aRmoCndnen, sxva dasxva napirebze da TavTavi-anTi napirebidan yvelafers sx-vadasxvanairad xedavdnen da sx-vadasxvanairad afasebdnen.

TandaTan maTi urTierToba jer kamaTad, mere kinklaobad, Cxubad, da bo los ki saSinel Serkinebadac ki iqca. iraklis TbilisSi wamosvla aRar axalisebda, iS via Tadac mo-dioda. zizic, romelic preziden-tis, xolo Semdeg eqs-prezi den tis Tavgadakluli mxardamWeri gaxda, umal samuSaos Tavs gaanebebda, vid-re mitingebs, Sekrebebs, msvlelo-bebs uRalatebda. da unda iTqvas, aRarc dro hqonda, aRarc survili Telavisken piri eqna.

imjeradac iraklis fexi ukan udgeboda, TiTqos grZnobda ra skan daluri, wyevla-krulviani apo Te oziT unda damTavrebuliyo ma Ti Sexvedra. magram wina dRee-bSi zizim daureka: `ar fiqrob, rom aseTi Znelbedobis dros colqmari erTad unda iyoso?! Tanac, Cveni leqtoris rZali Camovida bos to-nidan, malxazs 150 dolari gamou-tanebiao~. eWvi ar epareboda, fuli rom ara, arc daurekavda. civi xma hqonda. gamyinvarebaa Cvens Soris Camomd ga ri da albaT, veraviTari dolarebi ver gaalRobs am yinul-so, da Sina ga nad myis ve yalyze Sedga, dolarebi ki ara, `Znelbedo-ba~ CaeWra gulSi, undoda eTqva `gaaCnia qveynis `Znelbedobas~ vin rogor afasebso,~ magram iraklim Tavi Seikava: `manqanaa SesakeTe-

ivlisi 19

№ 7 2010

beli, vecdebi gavmarTo da Camovi-deo~. ase uTxra. stenokardiuli Setevis Sesaxeb ki, cota xnis win rom dae mar Ta, sity va ar dauZ-ravs... uguneboba hqonda moZa le bu-li, didi xania guli dae xu ra, aRa-raferi axalisebda, im kviras ki, 27 seqtembers, soxumis dacemam ga uval usasoobaSi Caagdo. es swored is lo di ao, imperiis ngrevidan gadmo-tyor cnili, pirdapir TavSi rom moxvda Cems qveyanaso, Cven yvelaso. oo, ro gor guljavrianad, rogori gulistkivi liT igonebda Cvens uWkvianes filosofoss, ase sava-lalod daRupuls sami wlis win, ro-melic daucxrom lad afrT xilebda Tavis msmenelebs, Tavis mraval aTa-sian auditorias: `ing re va imperia da Cven Tu ar movuxmeT Wkuas, Cven Tu ar davadeqiT Za lis xmevis mZime gzas, saSiSia, sabediswerod saSiSia! nangre veb Si ar aRmovCn de To~. me rogor Sevedrebi im sulmnaT ada-mianso, fiq rob da irakli, dardiTa da Wmun viT moculi, magram sxva si-tyvebiT, Ceme bu rad, gana imasve ar movu wo debdi mitingebis talRiT atacebul Cems studentebso? imas-ve ar veCiCine bo di urapatriotuli lozungebis yviriliT gayruebul Cems mowafeebso?! `daixsomeT, ymawvilebo, Tavisuflebis uReli monobis uRel ze mZimea, rad gan udidesi sulieri Zalebis koncen-tracias moiTxovs. Ta visuflebis gza narekliania da Tu gindaT iar-oT Tavisuflebis gzaze, ar unda daizaroT sakuTari xeliT am naris gleja. Tavisufleba CvenisTana pa-tara, gzaze gar Tx muli qveynisTvis aTi Tvalisa da aTi yuris gamobmas niS navs, anu warmoudgenel Zalisx-mevas, da Tqven mzad unda iyoT am Zalis xme visaTvis, Tqven mzad unda iyoT niadag Wkuis moxmobisaTvis. Cveni enis wiaRSi, aba, daa kvirdiT, ramdeni ram aris naTqvami Wkuaze: Wkua daebnao, Wkua daefan tao, Wkua dakargao, Wkua gamoecalao, Wkua danayao, da meore mxriv: Wkuas mouxmovo, Wkua moikribao, WkuaSi Cavardao, Wkua moematao, Wku iT gaivsovo, eseigi, Wkua ar aris iseTi ram, rac erTi da erTi ucvlelad arsebobs, SeiZleba Caido gulis

jibeSi tkbili kveriviT, da roca mogin de ba, amoiRo da CakbiCo, mud-mivi garjaa saWiro, ymawvilebo, Tavisuflad mo az rovne, `WkuaSi Ca-vardnil~, `Wkuamokrebil~ adamian-ebad CamoyalibdeT, rom ZalgiZ deT Tavisuflebis dacva da samSoblos gonivruli msaxureba~.

magram ra!! ijda axla gulgas-enili TavianTi tirifis qveS, dardisa da ugunebobis dros am tirifs Semoefareboda xolme, odes Rac, patara biWo bi sas, mamas-Tan erTad, sanergedan moitanes pawia nergi tirifisa, romelic am wlebis manZilze mgloviare qali-viT TmaCamoSlil, ulamazes xed iqca. da gansakuTrebiT uyvarda es xe, miTumetes, usamarTlod da-Rupuli mamis saxsovrad Tvli-da, dargvis Semdeg mamam garSemo sarebi Causva, maRalia da daculi iyoso, wyali uyvars da sanam pata-raa, aucileblad unda movrwyaT, me tadre gvalvisaso. frontidan gamogzavnil, depeSasaviT mciresi-tyvian, sam kuTxa baraTebSic ki, irakli aucileblad moikiTxavda, Cveni tirifi ro gor ariso. hoda, ijda axla TavianTi tirifis qveS, gverdiT celofanSi ga moxveuli comis gunda daegdo, saxeze xelebi aefarebina da vera da ver mSvid-deboda. im dRes dilidan comis rigSi idgnen. uSuqobis gamo puri veRar cxveboda da coms arigebdnen. rogorc yovelTvis didi rigi iyo. mas Tan axlos maTi ubneli, Sinauri kaci, SoTa CitalaZe idga. roda-mis kla se li iyo, amxanagobdnen kidec, maSinac, im ubedurebis dros pirvelma swo red SoTam miirbina maTTan da iraklis arasdros es ar aviwydeboda. isini erTnairad gan-icdidnen qveynis mdgomareobas da yovelTvis uziarebd nen erT-maneTs omis ambebs. SoTa nakiTxi da ganaTlebuli kaci iyo, amave dros wesieri da patiosani da irak-lis yovelTvis siamovnebda masTan urTi er To ba. dRes ki daRvremili misalmebis Semdeg, SoTa ganze gad-ga, patara tran zis tori hqonda wa-moRebuli da sul imas uCxikinebda. es rigebi yovel Tvis Sa vi iumoriT iyo xolme gaxalisebuli. im dRes

№ 7 2010

20 ivlisi

ki yvelas saxe Ca mos ti ro da, yvela moqufruli da mxrebCamoyrili idga, xmas aravin iReb da, TiTqos raRac saSinelebis molodinSi ari-ano... mxolod axalgazrda ymawvi-li, ase Teqvsmeti wlisa, drodadro daurbenda grZel rigs, gaiqceoda win da ma Ra ziis SesavalTan axlos mdgomebs sTxovda: comi rom mova, Tu SeiZ le ba uri god gamatareTo, rogor gavbedavdi amis Txovnaso, magram ala verd Si miv divar, dRes xom alaverdobaa, Cemi Zmaa, soxumSi ibrZviso. Zalian mZime mdgomareo-baao, da unda vilocoTo, alaver-dis wminda giorgis Seveve dro To, Cvenebi wuxelve wavidnen, cecxlebi eqnebaT danTebuli, comsac iq ga-mo vacxobTo... mTavaria movides comi da gagatarebT, maS, ras viza-mTo, eub nebodnen. wina rigebidan viRacam daiZaxa: SoTa, kaco, ra xdebao?! SoTa Ci talaZem tranzis-tori aswia maRla, TiTqos ise ver gaigonebdnen im sa be dis wero si-tyvebs, da TviTonve daumata: ̀ cudi macne var, xalxno, soxu mi dae ca!~

erTbaSad iseTma vaebam moicva, bedukuRmarTobis iseTma gancdam, egona aras dros ase ar gavmware-bulvaro, sunTqva Seekra, suli veRar moibruna, ma Ra ziidan pa-tara WiqiT wyali gamourbenines... am dacemamdec sul wuxda, Ta vis guls askdeboda, dauSvebelia es omio, Sens ZmebTano, Seni miwawy-lis xalx Tano... miuxedavad imisa, rom pirveli sisxli swored Cven ki ara, maT daRvares, yvelaferi unda gveRona, welebze fexi dagvedga... gvefiqra... gve fiq ra... gvefiqra... Tavis gaxeTqvamde gvefiqra... da arasdidebiT! aramc da aramc! fexi ar wagvcdenoda! ar Cavbmuliyav-iTo! rogorc unda daeyaCaRe bi-naT matareblebio, rogorc unda waeRoT fqvili da sursaTio... da agon de bo da bismarkis anderZi, Tavis Semdgom mesveurebsa da Ta-namemamuleebs rom ubarebda: ara-viTar SemTxvevaSi rusebTan omi ar wamoiwyoT da ar awarmoo To! da ra marTali iyo, Tundac kavkasiis magaliTze! axla ki wel mow yve ti li dabrunda Sin, zeviTac ar asula, tirifis qveS Camojda, baRis skamze,

comis gundac iqve daagdo, saxeze xelebi aifara da qviTini amoskda... aseTi miusafroba marTla aras-dros ugrZvnia, malxazi undoda gverdiT hyoloda, Tavisi vaJi, ara, nugeSisTvis ki ara, imisTvis, rom erTad evaglaxaT Tavisi qveynis ubedureba. RvarTqafiT moawyda sityvebi da saxeze xelebafarebu-li, gulamoskvniT swored malxazs Sestiroda okeanis gaRma: `malxaz, Cemo bi Wo, Sen xom ici, ramdeni Wiri da ubedureba gadamxdenia, romeli erTi Ca mov Tvalo, 37 wlis didi teroriT dawyebuli, romeli erTi giTxra... magram dRes... alaverdo-bas... soxumi daeca! gesmiis, malxaz! damijere, Cemo biWo, Se ni qveynis ubedurebaze uaresi sxva araferi yofila! Tavzec rom gadag di o-des qoneba da cxovreba, SeuZlebe-lia bednieri da dalxenili iyo... Tu Seni qveyana am dReSia... Tu Sens qveyanas ase uWirs...~ Sestiroda da Ses ti roda Ta vis Svils, da iqa-mde ivaglaxa, gulma Cxvleta dau-wyo, xalaTis ji bidan validolis firfita amoiRo da saxlSi avi da, navTqura aanTo, Ca id niT wya li dad ga saTburisTvis, validoli Ca ido enis qveS da iqve, sam za re-uloSi, viwro taxtze wamowva, mere barem comsac davagdeb tafaze da gamovacxobo. Tan guls miugdebda yurs, miwynardeba Tu arao. ameriki-dan malxazis gamog zav nil gulis abebs ufrTxildeboda, validoli Tu ar uS ve lida, Cxvletas ar moux-snida saTburTan erTad, maSin gaim-etebda xolme. am erTi Tvis win ki, Tbilisidan Camosvlisas, zizisTan Sexla-Semoxlisa da usiamovnebis Sem deg validoli da gulis abebi ki ara, promedolic ki gaukeTa ekam, ico de To, uTxra, aseTi Setevis Sem-deg, sul cota, sami dRe mainc unda iwveTo. ax lac, TiTqos frCxilSi Caixedao, eka movida. ar egona, Tu am Camobnele bul gunebaze raime esiamovneboda, arada ekas danaxvam, samzareulos kari rom SemoaRo da `aba, b-no irakli, rogor xarTo...~ wyna r ad uTxra da frTxi li nabi-jebiT misken wamovida, namdvilad Sveba da sia me agrZnobina. mos wonda eka, sul axalgazrda kardiologi

ivlisi 21

№ 7 2010

saswrafosi, mag ram iseTi da fiq-rebuli da dakvirvebuli, Tan Za-lian sandomiani, SeuZle be lia paci-enti ndo biT ar gamsWvaluliyo. `ai, daginaxe, Cemo eka, da sul gamiara Cxvle tamo~, uTxra.

`aq viyaviT, b-no irakli, Tqvens ubanSi, da vifiqre erTi wuTiT Se-virben da davxedav meTqi, dRes is-eTi dRea da...~

`saSineli... saSineli... aqeT visTan iyavi, mZime SemTxvevaa?~

`mZimea... yvelaferi gavukeTeT, magram ar vici... isev iq unda gav-brunde. iciT Tqven, SoTa Citala-Ze~. `uh, ra kargi kaci, dRes erTad videqiT comis rigSi Camowydo-mamde...~ dananebiT Tqva iraklim da ekas winaswar momzadebuli saT buri miawoda. ekam Caidnidan cxeli wy-ali Camoasxa, `navTqura Cavaqro?~ `ara, ara, barem avdgebi da coms davdeb... gana ara; Tqva kidec, ver vgrZnob Tavs kargado... mZime dRe gagviTenda, mZime...~ saTburi Caido gulTan da wamoiwia asadgomad. `kargiT raa, b-no irakli, comis dadebas raRa unda!?~ Ta rodan Rrma tafa CamoiRo, fqvilmoyrili comi gadmoagdo celofnidan, xeli miaSvela, msubuqad, TiTqos kla-viaturaze amoZravebs TiTebso, gaabr tye la da xufi daafara. xe-lebi daiferTxa da CanTa gaxsna, kolofi amoiRo abebisa. iraklim Tvali miadevna ekas xelebis moZ-raobas, mSvenieri xelebi hqonda, movlili, frCxilebi vardisferi laqiT dafaruli. ra myudroa qa-lis xelebio, gaifiqra, da maSinve isev SoTaze hkiTxa, ra mosvliao. `eli som gviTxra, colma, dana pirs ar uxsnidao, Tan erT adgilze ver Cer de bo da Turme, dadioda, dadio-da, dadioda... Cavidoda dabla ezo-Si, Seus ve neb lad gadi-gamodioda, mere amovidoda da adgils ver pou-lobdao, veraf riT ver davawynare, ver davamSvideo, davdevdi kudSi da xan wyals vawvdi di, xan wamals, Zlivs veweodi; cecxlwakidebuli gegonebo da To, sanam ai, es ar da e-marTa da taxtze ar gadavardao...~

`oh, RmerTo Cemo...~ amoioxra iraklim, `wadi exla, Cemo eka, wadi... da didi madloba. mixede im karg

kacs...~`RmerTmani, namdvilad ar mepa-

tieba ase dawvrilebiT rom giTx-ariT SoTas ambavi, magram Tqven iseTi xarT... gulSematkivari... yov-elTvis minda xolme gagiziaroT...~

`madlobT, madlobT, rom gamizi-areb xolme da moxedav berikacs...~

`kargiT raa, b-no irakli, wlebma xom gadaiwia, sibere axla oTxmoci wlis zeviT iwyeba, da TqvenTvis arc maSin ar daiwyeba, me miTqvams, endeT eqimis azrs!~ momxiblavad gauRima da alersianad gausva xelze xeli.

`ici, Cemo eka, rac Cemma gulma celqoba daiwyo, gamaxsendeba xol-me madam de-renali... Cven xom lit-eraturaze gazrdili xalxi varT da...~

`wiTeli da Savidan? gikrZala-vT, b-no irakli, gTxovT imaze if-iqreT, rac Tqvens cxovrebaSi gan-sakuTrebiT gagxarebiaT, kargiT? Savbnel fiqrebs nu miecemiT, Za-lian gTxovT~.

`eka, Cemo eka, rom icode, me gar-dasuli drois Secdomebs mivamt-kivneb xol me guls, da xSirad ise mwvaved, TiTqos axla xdebodes... ver warmoid gen, ro gor damnanebian is spiloebic ki, hanibalma alpebis bilikebsa da kor wo xebs rom gauy-ena, sanekre rom naxa da saxtomi ver mousinja... da Sen meub ne bi Cemi qvey-nis... Cemi... roca am dReSia... Savbne-li fiqrebi ar Semome si os?!~ irak -lis xma gaebzara, nikapi aukankalda, ekas SeeSinda, tirili ar daiwyo-so, da gamamxnevebeli, mtkice xmiT uTxra: `davibrunebT, b-no irakli, SeuZ le belia Cven amas SeveguoT, ai, naxavT, Tu ara! rogor! ranairad! visa aqvs ufleba, vis!~

`oooh! mTeli istoria kacobrio-bisa Zlieris uflebas RaRadebs! rom daipy ros, daimorCilos, Cawix-los da daimonos!~ da mRelvarebis axalma talRam gadauara.

`b-no irakli! axla ukve gi-brZanebT damSviddeT!~

ekam abi gauwoda: `aba axla, es abi gadaylapeT, dagawynarebT, dagamS-videbT da kargad dagaZinebT~. ekas gaecina da alersiani dayvavebiT ganagrZo: `Cemi ufrosi deida miam-bobda Tqvenze, omidan rom dabrun-

№ 7 2010

22 ivlisi

da, mTeli Telavis go goebi Seyvare-bulebi iyvnen b-n iraklizeo, merec, Cveni skolis ufroskla se lebi vgiJdebodiT da rom daqorwilda, Zalianac vieWvianeTo... institute-Si xom leqsebs uwerdneno, ai, ase...~ suridan wyali Camousxa WiqaSi, uwylodac SeiZleboda, magram Tu gnebavT daayoleTo. iraklim abi ga day lapa, wya li daayola da ekas gauRima: `oh, ra eSmakuna xar, Cemo eka~.

`xval aucileblad amoval, kar-diograma gadaviRoT... Casvlisas deida li zi kos SevZaxeb, amogxedoT, kargiT?~ xeli dauqnia da is iyo unda gasu li yo, Semobrunda, ba-rem purs gadmogibrunebTo, tafas mixeda, comi gadaabruna, saxuravi Taroze Semodo, isev dauqnia xeli, gauRima da wavida. da Tumca soxumis dacema lursmaniviT hqonda TavSi CaWedili da guls uklavda, Tum-ca SoTas ambavmac Zalian Seawuxa, ekas mosvlam, ekas naxvam am CamoR-amebul yofaSi Sveba mohgvara. ekas xma yurSi edga, ra rbili da sasia-movno xma aqvso, kiloc, xandaxan moRuRune da mokrZalebulio... aseT karg gogos, vin icis Sexvdeba ki Tavisi toli da sworio?.. bebia gaaxsenda, moarakebiT rom uyvarda laparaki: Citia Semomjdari Ro-beze da wivwivebso; kargs cu dio, cuds kargio, kargs cudio, cuds kargio, kargs cudio, cuds kargio, mere erTxelac iqneba da daiZaxebs: kargs kargio, msgavss msgavsio, da ai, maSin orive kargi da msgavsi Sex-vdeba erTmaneTs, kargadac Seewyo-bi an da Tavis wuTisofelsac bedni-erad galeveno. bebia yoveljerze darw mu ne buli iyo, rom Citma saim-edo sityva dasZaxa Tavis sayvarel SviliSvils. aki zi zis Tan erTad ramdenjer siciliT mougoniaT bebiis es naTqvami, Cven namd vilad Robeze Semomjdarma Citma `kargs kargio~ dagvZaxa da dagvlo cao. da ra gamovida!? axla rom wamoaxeda bebia da daanaxva es damartoebu-li saxlio... yvela rom wavida Cems metio... me Tu Semxvda Cemi toli da swo ri, mgoni imitom ar davrCi mar-tovo... da miuxedavad imisa, rom ekas mosv lamac, ekas wamalmac daamS-

vida, gulic Cauwynarda, TiTqos imedic Causaxa: marTla CaliT xom ar aris daxuruli qveyanao, mar-cxs gamarjveba mosdevs da tanj vas sixarulio, mainc ki ekas wasvlis Semdeg martoobis Wmunva Semoawva, mwva ve survili igrZno gverdiT hyoloda xmis gamcemi da Wmunvis gamqar vebeli, misi xeli sWeroda, misi siTbo egrZno... savaglaxoze erTad evag laxaT, erTad evaglax-aT am Tavsdatexil ubedurebaze da aler si Ta da siy varuliT dae-cxroT dardi da varami... survili... survili... si coc xlis Tan mde vi, rogorc sunTqva... adamianTan er-Tad rom ibadeba da adamianTan er-Tad kvdeba... mxolod fers icvlis dro-Jamis cvlasTan er Tad... da Wmunvis gasafantad warsulze dai-wyo fiqri, Tavisi axalgazrdoba daudga Tvalwin, is boboqari sur-vilebi, is gzneba da gataceba, is Jini aRma-daRma qrolvisa da dro-starebis, is SuSparoba da dauoke-beli vnebebi... rogorc muqafa, ro gorc jildo da saCuqari omis Semdeg, mTeli oTxi wlis Weqa-qux-ilisa da sisxlis niaRvris Semdeg, pirveli dRidan bolo dRemde, TvalismomWreli proJeqtorebiT gaWaxWaxebul, dangreul berlinam-de. omis zaTqiT iyo gay rue buli, sisxlisRvriT gaxevebuli da Ta-visi ga dar CeniT gaognebuli. Tun-dac qerCis cecxlsa da qariSxals rogor ga moaR wia, rogor gamoex-sna, ram deni xani sul amas hyveboda, is STabeWdileba mTeli sicocxle gahyva, ga Ji e buli SinliT, dambali CeqmebiT, did navs mi se ul jaris-kacTa jgroSi CaWyletilma, yvela rom idayvebis gaafTrebu li qneviT cdilobda srutidan Tavis daRw-evas da rogorme navSi abobRebas, rogor moaxerxa navis napi ris Tvis xeli Caevlo da aRar gaeSva, ara-viTar SemTxvevaSi, arasdidebiT, samkv d ro-sasicocxlod Cafreno-da, roca aqeT-iqidan eWidebodnen da maR lidan ki germanelebis mes-erSmitebi yumbarebs ayridnen... es iyo warmoud geneli iRbali, eniT auwereli da saarako, im cecxli-dan saRsalamaTad gamoRweva, vin moTvlis ramdenma hpova samare iq,

ivlisi 23

№ 7 2010

qerCSi... magram xdeba Tur me ase-Ti saocrebac, da fons gamosuli, samSvi do bos gamoRweuli, Ta visi save le tom ri dan amoRebul, mlaSe sruteSi dambal orcxobilas rom Seeq ceoda, ase egona Tavis sicocx-leSi amaze gemrieli araferi eWama. al baT, mama rom damiRupes 37-Si, ise uRmrTod da usamarT lod, RmerTs Cemi daRupva ar undodao, albaT, papasi da papas mrevlis locvamac gadamar Ci nao. papa mRvdeli iyo, de-dis mama, eklesia dauxures, ase vTq-vaT, gakriWes, magram mas RvTismsax-urebisTvis, ra Tqma unda, Cumad, Tavi ar daunebebia, naTloba iqne -boda, aRsareba-ziareba, Tu an-derZis ageba, hoda, momewia, mome-wia maTi loc va-kurTxevao... Tan ubralod ki ar gadavrCi, Turme araferi unda damkle bo dao, xe-ibrad dabrunebac sjobia sikvdils da xeibaric ki ara varo, arc davWrilvaro, magram ra Cemi bra-liao, TiTqos Tavs imarT leb so, me xom arasdros brZolisTvis Tavi ar amiridebiao... sikvdili, sikv dili, sikvdili... amdenma sikvdilma la-mis gaaxeva, magram erTi patara biWi ki, oh, rogor ebraleboda, mere arasdros ar daviwyebia da omisa da saSi nelebis simbolod ganicdi-da. jer Cvidmetis ar iyo, sami Tve miklia Cvid metso, norCi, saluqi saxe hqonda da mokled SekreWili, ja ga riviT yalyze mdgomi Tmebi, ra kargi, ra sufTa biWi iyo, ukrainis so fel Tan Seekedla maT aTe uls, guldawyvetiT ambobda jer qalTan ar vyofilvaro da koc ni Tac jer aravisTvis mikocniao, uh, Seyva-rebuli ro myavdes, iseT werilebs miv wer dio. yvelaferi wina gaqvso, eubnebodnen, mi li oni kocna, loy-awiTeli go go ebi, gulisZgera, cas qudad ro ar miiCnev da dedamiwas qalamnado, raRac nairad eRimeboda xolme, TiTqos sawylad, TiT qos Tan sjera, Tan arao. deda enatreboda, dedao, iseT galuS kebs akeTebso, Tu davbrundebi, ma Sinve galuSkebs gamikeTebso. ver dabrun da, vera, patara biWi, maleve daiRupa, yum-baris namsxvrevma imsxverpla. meka-vSire gogom akoca, ukve mok luls. TviTon ki dabrunda... dabrunda...

da pirvel xanebSi mainc ret dasx-mu liviT iyo, grgvinviT da grial-iT gayrue bu li da sisxlis suniT gaJRen Tili... ra iyo Svilo, wara-mara Tvali ro giSterdebao, gaix-are, genacvalos deda, gaixare, rom gadamirCi da damibrundio, SesZa-xebda xolme maiko Tavis Svils. Svilma ki mereRa igrZno sixaruli...TbilisSi wamovida, universi tet Si ambis gasagebad. omi rom daiwyo, ma-Sin abarebda saxelmwifo gamocdebs da ver moaswro. reqtoris saxelze gancxadebas Sevitan, rom Semod-gomis Tvis daminiSnon darCenili gamocdebis Cabareba, mTeli zaf-xuli wina maqvs, kargad movemza-debio, Ca va ba reb da diplomsac aviRebo. miTumetes, omidan dab-runebulebs, mas, ro gorc istor-ikoss, goga mexriSvilsa da Saliko mar ko zaSvils, fizi kosebs, maSinve SesTavazes seqtembridan skoleb Si pedago goba. da ai, TbilisSi yof-nis dros Wrel abanoSi wavida. did sarkeSi viRacis SiSveli sxeuli dainaxa, moewona. iyo raRac rene-sansuli am sxeu lis uzado aRna-gobasa da moy vanilobaSi, mkerdis kunTebisa da muclis pre sis biWur sisufTaveSi... irak lim fexi gadad-ga da gamosaxulebac misken wamov-ida, maSinRa mixvda, rom TviTon iyo, TviTon, da mis sxeuls na kaw ri arsad emCneoda, yvelaferi adgil-ze hqonda, gaocebuli misCereboda Tavis gamosaxulebas, TiTqos pir-ve lad xedavso... meqise rom zel-da da xexavda, wyliT savse saTls Tqafu niT gadaavlebda, netarebiT xuWavda Tva lebs, Rmer To ra bed-nierebaa si cocx leo... ra fantas-tiuri sixaruli da ne ta rebaao, da namdvilad uflis wyalobad miiCnia sicocxle. da daewafa si cocx lis siames... dros ar ac den da. imdeni vi-ome da vitanje, namdvilad mekuTv-nis TvalSi gamovixe do vo da sul ar fiqrobda daojaxebaze. `rodem-de, Svilo, rodemde,~ Seagonebda papa, `dro-droTi, Torem Jami yovelTvis iqnebao~. `xom gagi-gonia, genacvalos be bia, sworma swors riTi ajoba da coliTa da SviliTo,~ – waramara Cau nis kar-tebda bebia. deda xom: `sanam SemiZ-

№ 7 2010

24 ivlisi

lia da sanam jani momdgavs, minda giSvelo da mogexmaro Svilebis gazrdaSio~. aqeT-iqidanac, visac ekuTvnoda da ar ekuTvnoda, yvela amas ekiT xeboda da dasZaxoda: `ar daqorwi nebul xar? coli jer ar mogiyvania? raRac ucdi, adamiano, raRas!~ aki siciliT eubneboda xolme Tavisianebs: `albaT, marto amisTvis Rirs colis SerTva, rom aravin aRaraferi ar miTxraso~. xan vis gaacnobdnen, xan vis aCvenebd-nen, xan visze eubnebodnen, xan vis urCevdnen. ara da ara, mTeli Svidi weliwadi Zvra ver uyves. daoja xe-bisTvis, Torem Zvra ki ara, SuSxu-nasaviT iyo, mCqefare da daudgrom-eli. levan zautaSvils, mis umcros amxanagsa da amfsons, mamam, qalaqSi cnobil ma eqimma, amerikuli moto-cikleti `xarlei~ uyida, naviani. Caisvamdnen le gionis qalebs da herii, dahqrodnen aRma-daRma, Tu alazanze, Tu svianaze, Tu lopo-taze da fiqalebze, da sad aRar...

kidev kargi, Tavisi saqmec ase uyvarso, Tavs inugeSebda deda, Torem namdvilad xels gadahyve-bodao. magram sulac ar fiqrobda drostarebis gulisTvis Ta visi saqmisTvis eRalata, niWieri da in-teresiani iyo da yvelafers asw-reb da, da am Svid weliwadSi sanam rodams Sexvdeboda da daqorwil-deboda, sauc xoo pedagogisa da leqtoris saxelic daigdo da dis-ertaciac daicva. ins titutidan erTi wliT gagzavnes ruseTSi, qarTul-rusul urTierTo beb ze muSaobda kaxeTis mefe aleqsandre-dan dawyebuli, moskovisa da lLe-nin gra dis biblioTekebSi iZiebda ma sa lebs, da saintereso monogra-fiac da we ra. mSvenieri gadmoce-mis unaric hqonda da mis gakveTi-lebsa da leqciebs arc arasdros acdendnen mowafeebi da studen-te bi. da ai, erT mSvenier dRe sac, es iyo 52 wels, ivnisis dasawyisSi, kbilma Seawuxa (wlebis gavlis Sem-deg ambobda xolme kbili gaxda Cemi bediswe rao), da stomatologiur po lik linikaSi mivida cnobil sto-matologTan, va ria liCelTan. ro-gorc yo vel Tvis, variasTan rigi iyo, kabinetis Sesasv lel Si, grZel

skamze xalxi iyo Camwkrivebuli, fexzec idgnen da isic fexze gaCer-da. Seminuli karidan xedavda: gver-diT, axalgazrda qalTan ara vin ijda. qals qaTqaTa TeTri xa la Ti ecva, ijda carieli savarZlis gver-diT, maRal taburetze, sevdiT, Tu sulac sasowarkveTiT miepyro Tva-lebi vitrinasaviT didi minisTvis, rom lis gadaweuli fardidan quCa moCanda. qalma moixeda, Semosas-vlels gamo xe da, iraklim dainaxa faqizad morkalu li, SeWmuxnuli warbebi, da TiTqos ecno es axalgaz-rda qali. Seecoda. vinc modioda, yvela isev rigSi dgebo da, am axal-gazrda qalTan ki aravin WaWa nebda. iraklis isic ki moeCvena, rom qalma vedrebiT gamoxeda. varias mimarT protesti daeufla, nuTu ar SeuZ-lia, damwyeb eqims gverdSi amoud-ges da mouwodos Tavis klientebs, uan gariSod rom Carigebulan Semo-sasv lelSi, erTi mainc dajdes am axal be das Tano. ratomRac eWvi ar Seepara, vin mes Tu waucda fexi da am sawyali gogos savarZelSi Caj-da, Zalianac moiwa dinebs da kar-gadac gaukeTebs yve la ferso. qa-lma TiTqos igrZnovo, isev moixeda, gamoxeda rigs, mzera Sea yov na da isev moeCvena iraklis, rom me tad sevdiani mzera hqonda. iraklim ka ri SeaRo, varia Tavis manipu la-cieb Si iyo CarTuli, mainc RimiliT axeda iraklis, pacientze aniSna da gakvir vebuli darCa, rom gverdiT savarZeli vi Rac ucxom da ucnobma ki ara, misi kargi axloblis, maikos vaJma daikava. `arcki gkiTxeT, xom SeiZleboda TqvenTan?~ zrdilo-bisTvis hkiTxa, Torem SeiZleboda ki ara, qali Sinaga nad TiTqos Se-frTxialda, ise Searxia mxre bi da gaiRima: `o, ra Tqma unda, aba raa~.

`da davaRo piri?~ iraklimac gauRima qals, `kargiT aba~.

`oo, ra mSvenieri fasadi gaqvT!~ Tqva qalma da iraklis Camoxeda, aler sia ni kilo hqonda da sul pa-tara gogonas hgavda.

`fasadi?~`diax, Cven ase vambobT, kbilebis

wyoba da xarisxi~`da Tqven fiqrobT, rom kargi

fasadi maqvs?~ SeJuJunebis guneba-

ivlisi 25

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ze dadga irakli, gaxalisda.`fiqri ra SuaSia, es xom zedapir-

ze Zevs, yvelas dasanaxad~. da qalma mou lod nelad Subli Seikra, viTom siancisTvis ar mcaliao, `modiT saqmes Se vud geT, ai, meeqvse kbili gaqvT dasabJeni, didi kariesi ar aris, mgoni pul pam de ar miva saqme, Zalian vecdebi, ar gatkinoT~.

marTlac, Zalze frTxilad usuf-Tavebda kbils, esiamovna ki dec vardis fe ri, funCula xelis cacu-ni, Tan Tavis faqizad morkalul, mSvenier warbebs ise lamazad Wmuxn-ida, iraklim gaifiqra, siamovnebiT vakocebdio. da gau kvir da, rom stomatologiur savarZelSi mjdo-mi interesiTa da siamovnebiT Sehy-urebda am axalgazrda qals, da uceb mixvda saidanac ecnoboda, nam dvi -lad is iyo. am Svidi wlis win, omis damTavrebis Semdeg rom dabrund-nen, 45 wlis maisis bolos, mas, goga mexriSvilsa da Saliko markozaS-vils pedagogoba rom SesTavazes, epatiJebodnen dilebsa da saRamoe-bze, umar Tavdnen Sexvedrebs. da ai, rogorc momavali pedagogi pirve-li sko li sa, gamosaSveb saRamoze dapatiJes. es namdvilad is gogona iyo, maSin im saRa mo ze rom gamov-ida, axlad skoladamTavrebuli. iyo sityvebi, misalmebe bi, leqsebi, simRerebi. magram ai, swored es gogona Caaxsomda da raRac xa ni gah-yva kidec is STabeWdileba. gogona aSkarad amovardnili iyo sazeimo saRamodan Tavisi CacmulobiTac da ara-sazeimo leqsiTac. TavianTi mwiri Se saZleblobebis miuxeda-vad, yvela Seecada Turme sazeimod gamowyobili yo. gaxsnes bebiebis skivrebi, gadaikeTes, gadmoikeTes, marjved moirges da yvela koxtad gamocqrialda scenaze. am gogonas ki sruliad ubralo Savi satinis kaba ecva. Savi fildekosis wind-ebi da agreTve Savi, aseve ubralo, mgoni mejRanis SejRanuli, Custe-bi. Tumca keTilaRnag momcro sxeulze mox de nilad edga kaba, awvdil yelze ki, viTom mosarTavad gazis patara Sarfi hqonda mogde-buli, grZeli, msxvili nawnavi mx-arze gadmoegdo, bo lo Si Sebmuli Savi abreSumis didi bantiT. ratom

acvia ase TaviT fexamde Sa ve bio, dainteresda irakli, da gverdiT mjdomma nacnobma pedagogma uTxra: mar tis bolos mouvidaT mamis da-Rupvis cnobao. ar undoda aRlumSi monaw i le obis miReba, magram Zalian sTxoves, kargad icis leqsis Tqma, Tan fria do sania da daarwmunes, rom tolebs ar unda CamorCenoda, uTuod unda ga mo suliyo da an si-tyva eTqva, an leqsi. cxadia, swored glovis gamo iyo, rom sazeimo da saaRlumo ganwyobilebiT gamsWva-luli leqsis magivrad, ga lak-tionis sruliad ara-mxiaruli, ara-rixiani, magram gulSi Camwvdomi taepebi gaisma: `am bneli RamiT vi-Rac dadis saqarTveloSi, am bneli RamiT vi Raca kvnesis, vaxsenoT Cven is ukanasknel sadRegrZeloSi, sadRegrZe lo Si, vaxsenoT Cven is...~ mRelvared gaisma gogonas xma, mo-wodebasaviT, marT lac es iyo mo-wodeba, moraluri da Rrmad adami-anuri imperativi, yvelas, yve las, bnel RameSi moxetiale mkvnesavi martosuli gaxseneboda, vinc ar un da yofiliyo is, vin icis, es iyo suli daRupuli mamisa, gza rom ver ga u gv nia da versad damkvidre-bula... gogonam luft-pauza gaa-keTa da Semdeg uk ve mwuxare xmiT ganagrZo: `am bneli RamiT sadRac ismis xma dairisa, Tva li mevseba cremlebis wamiT, ukve ciskarma Sori mTebi daairisa, is kii... kvlav kvnesis am bneli RamiT~. gogonas marTlac cremliT hqonda Tva lebi `danamuli~.

`iciT, me Tqven gamaxsendiT,~ Tqva iraklim, `gamosaSveb saRamoze galaktio nis leqsi rom TqviT... ai, didi nawnavi ki mogiWriaT.~

qalma dasabJeni fxvnili gad-moyara minis pawia filaze, siTxe daasxa da are va daiwyo. mereRa aiRo Tavi da iraklis Sexeda: `me is leqsi mamis xsov nas mivuZRveni... arc mi-viRebdi saRamoSi monawileobas... im leqsis gareSe~. mesmis Tqveni, Zalian kargad... mec Cvidmeti wlis asakSi davkarge mama... da, un da giTxraT, mZimed ganvicade~.

`mec, mec,~ aRmoxda qals, `si-cocxle aRar mindoda, warmogidge-niaT?~ da TiT qos amaze sakvirveli

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26 ivlisi

araferi iyo, ise ganagrZo: `Tvenax-evriT adre omis damTavrebamde, kurskTan ar daiRupa... stalin-gradTan ar daiRupa...~ `Tqven am-bobT kurski da stalingradio, omis bolo dReebSi, ai sul bolos, iciT ramdeni daiRupa? ramdeni?!~ `saSinelebaa! me Tmac imitom Se-viWeri, gavS mag de bodi xolme da erTxelac Sevugde makrateli. oo, ra mZimed gadavitane...~

`da nawnavze iyareT javri, ara?~`diax~. mowafesaviT daeTanxma

qali, Tan nikelis patara niCbiT zelda da zelda dasabJen gundas. irakli siamovnebiT misCereboda qalis saqmianobas. mere gaumSrala kbilis Rru rezinis baloniT, gunda Caudo, daubJena, mere dautkepna da narCenebis gawmendas mohyva... irak-li ki Sehyurebda qals da fiq robda: TavisdReSi ver warmovidgendi, Tu stomatologs SeeZlo Cemi yu rad-Rebis mipyrobao, arada, ra sisule-lea, winaswar imisi dadgena, vin Se iZ-leba mogewonos da vin arao.

`ra aris, iciT,~ uTxra qalma, `es meeqvse kbili, mTavari saReWi kbilia da albaT, sjobs oqro ga-daikraT, rom kargad SegenaxoT, ... geqnebaT da geq nebaT.~

`Tu Tqven gadamakravdiT?~ irak-lim gauRima, `maSin iqneb kidevac gadamekra. mag ram me ufro is main-teresebs, cekva Tu giyvarT?~

`RmerTo Cemo, romel axalgazr-das ar uyvars cekva?!~ lamis Seicxa-

da qalma.`maSin wavideT saRamos nadikvar-

ze da vicekvoT, kargiT?~`oo, ra Tqma unda...~ siamovnebiT

daeTanxma qali.`marTla, ra gqviaT?~`rodami~.`ra kargi saxeli gqoniaT, Zvele-

buri~.`me gvaric Zveleburi maqvs, sol-

oRaSvili. mamaCemis bebias rqmevia rodami da mamas uTxovia dedaCem-isTvis, marTalia modaSi aRar aris Zveleburi sa xe lebi, magram ar min-da bebiaCemis saxeli daikargoso. me kidev patarao bi sas ganvicdidi, ra-tom bela an leila ar mqvia meTqi~.

`rodami sulxan-sabas mamidas er-qva, Sahnavazis meuRles~. Tqva irak-lim da savarZlidan wamodga.

`gamaxsenda, gamaxsenda!~ gauxar-da rodams, `rom mefis Zeni sulxan-sabas ma mi da Svilebi iyvnen, ase ki ar aris saqme, mec raRac vici...~ da Taflis fe ri Tvalebi momxiblavad gaaJuJuna, Tumca maSinve saqmi-anad daumata, `Tu agtkivdebaT, ar SegeSindeT, axalma dabJenilma icis zogjer da maleve ga giv liT~. `kargiT aba, nadikvarTan dagicdiT Svidi saaTisTvis~.

Tvali gaayola gabrunebul pata-ra qals da Tavisda moulodnelad gai fiq ra: `vin icis, SahnavaziviT Cems meuRlesac rodami unda er-qvaso~.

nikolo miwiSvili

`haji muratis moWrili Tavi~

`inteleqti~ gTavazobT

`ocdaeqvsi wlisa var... Cemi angariSiT me kidev gavZleb TxuTmet wels...~ – werda nikolo miwiSvili 1922 wlis 11 dekembers. igi zustad TxuTmeti wlis Semdeg – 1937 wels daxvrites.

`inteleqtis~ miniaturul gamocemaSi `haji muratis moWrili Tavi~ Sesu-lia cnobili poetisa da cisferyanwelis, publicistisa da moazrovnis rCeu-li nawarmoebebi – poezia, miniaturebi, dokumenturi proza, gaxmaurebuli werili `fiqrebi saqarTveloze~, romelsac didi vnebaTaRelva mohyva mwer-lis sicocxleSi da ufro gvian, XX saukunis 90-ian wlebSic.

wigns erTvis galaktion tabiZis, mixeil javaxiSvilis, tician tabiZis, Salva afxaiZis, grigol robaqiZis, akaki baqraZisa da levan bregaZis mo-sazrebebi nikolo miwiSvilis pirovnebasa da Semoqmedebaze.

ivlisi 27

№ 7 2010

eseistika/dokumenturi proza

rogorc cnobilia, `axali aRTqmis~ kanonikuri teqsti, Ta-visi sabo loo saxiT, ZiriTadad, Cveni welTaRricxvis I–IV sau-kuneebSi rom yalib deba, 27 wig-nisagan Sedgeba: 4 saxareba (`wmi-da oTxTavi~), wmida mociqulTa saqmeni, 7 kaTolike epistole, pavles 14 epistole da ioane RvTismetyvelis `gamocxadeba~ (`apokalipsis~).

maT garda, met-naklebad sru-li Tu naklulevani saxiT, Cve-namde moaR wia e.w. `apokrifulma~ saxarebebma (berZnuli sityvidan `apokrifos~, rac `faruls~, `da-faruls~ niSnavs, TviT es zed-sarTavi saxeli ki warmosdgeba zmnidan `apokripto~ – `vma-lav~, `vfarav~). marTalia, qris-tianuli eklesiebi ar aRiare-ben, magram arc krZalaven maT, radganac isini gvamcnoben ieso qristes cxovrebis bevr iseT de-tals, rac ucnobia kanonikuri saxarebe bisTvis.

Cvens wignTsacavebSi amaod daveZebdi maT berZnul ded-nebs da ucxour Targmanebsac. 2002 Tu 2003 wels `sajaro bib-lioTekaSi~ gaxsnil `fran guli wignis maRaziaSi~ SeviZine fran-gi swavlulis frans keres (France Quéré) wigni “Evangiles apocriphes” (`apokrifuli saxarebebi~), ga-mocemuli 1983 wels, saidanac vTargmne erT-erTi yvelaze Zveli da yvelaze mniSvnelovani apokrifuli saxareba, romlis av-toradac istoria TviT macxovr-is `Zmas~ (iosebis Zes) miiCnevs. Targmani gamoqveynda 2007 wlis 8 noembers, ilia WavWavaZis tragi-

kuli sikvdilidan 170 wlisTavis aRsaniSnavad `ilias fondisa~ da Sps `kalasis~ mier gamocemul gazeTSi `ilias gza~ (gv. 6-7).

iakobi (iosebis Ze) istoriuli pirovnebaa. oriode fragmenti saxel ganTqmuli iudeveli mwer-lis ioseb flaviusis (37-100 w.) wignidan `iudeuri siZveleni~, romelTaganac pirveli ieso qristes, xolo meore – mis `Zmas~, iakobs exeba:

I. `daaxloebiT am dros cxov-robda ieso, brZenTa-brZeni adamiani, Tuki marTebulia misi miCneva adamianad, radganac is axdenda saswaulebs da iyo maTi moZRvari, vinc xalisiT iReb-da da aRiarebda WeSmaritebas. man miizida uamravi ebraeli da warmarTi. is iyo qriste, da roca pilatem, Cveni Tavkacebis waqe-zebiT, miusaja jvarcmiT sikvdi-li, iesos moyvareni ar gandgo-mian TavianT moZRvars, radganac mesame dRes cocxali moevlina maT, Tanaxmad winaswarmetyvel-Ta winaswarmetyvelebisa, am da aTi aTasobiT sxva saswaulze rom laparakoben, romelTac ukavSireben mas. xolo qristian-Ta tomi, misgan rom miiRo sax-eli, dRemde arsebobs~ (`iudeuri siZveleni~, XVIII, 33).

II. ai, meore fragmentic, sadac ioseb flaviusi exeba iudeve-li mRvdelT mTavris – ananas `Rvawls~:

`xolo umcrosi anana, ro-melic, rogorc mogaxseneT, mRvdelTmTavari gaxda, mtkice xasiaTisa da udreki bunebis kaci iyo. is ekuTvnoda saduke velTa

baCana bregvaZe

maradisobis mociquli

fotoze

mariam RvTismSobeli

yrmasTan (1900 wlis

bibliis ilustracia)

№ 7 2010

28 ivlisi

partias, romelnic, rogorc ukve giCveneT, yvelaze sastikni da mkacrni arian. da raki ananas amnairi xasiaTi hqonda, gadaw-yvita... moewvia msajulTa kreba, romlis winaSec sxvebTan erTad warsdga iakobi, iesos, egreT wo-debuli qristes Zma. kanonis dar-RvevaSi rom daadanaSaula isini, ananam qvebiT Caqolva miusaja maT~ (`iudeuri siZveleni~, XX, 91)...

anonim avtors marjved ki SeurCevia fsevdonimi: Tavis `saxarebaSi~ ise dabejiTebiT da damajereblad gadmogvcems yofiTi xasiaTis calkeul deta-lebs Tu epizodebs, TiTqos, Ta-visi prototipiviT, piradad yo-filiyo maTi TviTmxilveli. avi-RoT Tundac `iakobis pirvelsax-arebis~ XII Tavi (`saxareba~ sul 25 momcro Tavisagan Sedgeba), romelic uSualod markozis sax-arebidan (T. II) unda aeRo avtors:

I. markozi, II, 1-7:1. im dReebSi gamoqveynda kei-

sar avgustusis brZaneba, aRwera Caetarebi naT mTels qveyanaSi...

3. da yvelam Tav-Tavis qalaqs miaSura Casawerad.

4. wavida iosebic galileis qa-laq nazareTidan iudeaSi, davi-Tis qalaq Si, romelsac hqvia be-Tlemi, vinaidan daviTis saxlisa da gvarisa iyo.

5. raTa Caweriliyo mariamTan, Tavis daniSnulTan erTad, rome-lic fex mZimed iyo.

6. da iq yofnisas moawia misi mSobiarobis Jamma.

7. da Soba Ze, Tavisi pirmSo, CvrebSi Seaxvia da bagaSi Caawvi-na, vinai dan fundukSi adgili ar iyo misTvis.

II. iakobis pirvelsaxareba, XVII, 1–3 – XVIII, 1:

1. imxanad gamoqveynda mefe avgustusis ediqti aRweris Ta-obaze, Casawe rad rom uxmobda

iudeis beTlemis mkvidrT. ioseb-ma Tqva: `avdgebi da Cems Svilebs Cavwer; magram ra vuyo am ymawvil qals? Cems colad Cavwero? ra ufleba maqvs? Cems qaliSvilad? magram yvelam icis, rom qaliSvi-li ara myavs. rac aris, aris. dae, dRes ufalma gadawyvitos, ro-gorc TviTona nebavs.

2. Sekazma viri da qali zed Ses-va. sadave mis vaJebs eWiraT...

3. Sua gzaze mariamma uTxra: `xeli SemaSvele da viridan Ca-momsvi. mgoni moawia Cemi mSo-biarobis Jamma~. iosebma Zirs Ca-mosva da hkiTxa: `sad wagiyva no, an ras Sevafaro Seni simorcxve? xom xedav, trial mindorSi varT.

XVIII, 1: magram male miagno mR-vimes. Sig Seiyvana da mcvelad Tavisi vaJe bi miuCina. TviTon ki beTlemisken gaswia bebia qalis saZebnad~...

magram aq anonimi avtori anazdeulad wyvets sityvas da Tavis magivrad sakuTar gmirs – iosebs alaparakebs. mTxrobelis es moulodneli Senacv leba da iosebis TvaliT danaxuli uCveu-lo suraTi ufaqizesi da uRr-mesi mistiuri azris Semcvelia, romlis badalic iSviaTad Tu moiZebneba mTel qristologiur da ara marto qristologiur li-teraturaSi:

XVIII, 2-3:`mivdiodi me, iosebi, da arc mi-

vdiodi. Tvali mivapyre cis TaRs da uZravi meCvena igi. TiTqos ga-xevebuliyvnen caSi mofrTxiale Citebi. mere dabla davxare Tva-li da veeba jami vixile. sasadi-lod wamowolil muSebs Sig Car-CenodaT xeli. vinc ilukmeboda, TiTqos arc ilukmeboda, da vinc axla iRebda lukmas, TiTqos arc iRebda mas. xolo visac pirTan mihqonda, TiTqos arc mihqonda igi. yvelas zecad aRepyro saxec da Tvalic.

fotoze

`dideba maRalTa

Sina RmerTsa~

(karavajos naxati)

ivlisi 29

№ 7 2010

mere vixile cxvris fara, ro-melsac mierekebodnen, magram adgilidan ki ver daeZraT. mw-yemss maRla SeemarTa xeli Sol-tis gadasaWerad, magram haerSive gaSeSeboda. Tvali gavayole mdi-nares da davinaxe Txebi, wyals rom ucmacunebdnen pirs, magram smiT ki ver svamdnen.

anazdeulad cxovreba kvlav Tavisi gziT waremarTa~.

ai, uCveulo pasaJi:marad moZravi, dinamiuri,

wamiTi-wamad cvalebadi samya-ros nacvlad, gancvifrebuli iosebis winaSe iSleba uCveulod garindebul-gaxevebuli, uZravi da statiuri sinamdvile, TiTqos Sewyda drois dineba, yvelaferi gaSeSda, gaxevda, gayuCda da gai-rinda, rogorc zRaprul `qvaTa qalaqSi~. magram aq zRaprul si-namdvilesTan rodi gvaqvs saqme. swored am wams beTle mis maxlo-blad mdebare mRvimeSi ibadeba RvTaebrivi yrma, romelmac unda ixsnas codvis morevSi danTqmu-li wuTisoflis mkvidrni. iba-deba, magram jer ar dabadebula. jerjerobiT is ori sxvadasxva – `saukuno soflisa~ da `wuTi-soflis~ mkvidria da misi droc jer kidev maradisobis niSniTaa aRbeWdili. es maradisoba ki ra-dikalurad rodi gansxvavdeba maradisobis rogorc antikuri, ise qristianuli (platoni, neta-ri avgustine da sxv.) gagebisagan.

droisa da maradisobis ori-ginaluri koncefcia platonis genialuri `timeosidan~ iRebs dasabams. `timeosis~ mixedviT, kosmosis mowesrigebuli da har-moniuli moZraoba, grZnobad-konkretuli samyaros dinamizmi sxva ara aris ra, Tu ara idealuri sinamdvilis uZraobis, misi sta-tiurobis proeci reba qmnadobis wiaRSi; zustad aseve, droc – amqveyniur saganTa da movlena-

Ta arsebobis, maTi moZraobisa da cvalebadobis forma – ucvleli da uZravi maradisobis analo-giur proeqciad gvevlineba. `ma-radisoba~ (aijwvn) platonisa Tvis Zireulad gansxvavdeba am sit-yvis Cveni Tanadrouli gagebisa-gan. am ter miniT `timeosSi~ aRi-niSneba ara calsaxad da ukumou-qcevlad medini drois (crovno") usasrulo grZlivoba, romelic win uswrebs an mosdevs awmyos, ara med erTgvari eqstratempo-raluri (drois miRmuri, drois gareSe arsebuli) ucvleli re-aloba (rusTvelis `uJamo Jami~, albaT, yvelaze srulad da amom-wuravad gamoxatavs am cnebis Sinaarss). dRevandeli gagebiT, `dro~ sasru lia, `maradisoba~ ki usasrulo, maSin rodesac, pla-tonis azriT, am or cne bas Soris raodenobrivi (kvantitaturi) ki ara, Tvisobrivi (kvalitaturi) sxvaoba arsebobs.

`timeosis~ maradisoba inte-graluri, calkeul momentebad (warsuli, awmyo, momavali) ga-nuwilveli droa, Tu SeiZleba ase iTqvas, maradiuli, waruva-li awmyo, romelic xasiaTdeba erTaderTi predikatiT – `aris~ (ejstiv). da piri qiT, sakuTriv dro calkeul momentebadaa ganwilu-li. mas Tavisi nawilebi (mhvrh) da Tavisi saxeebi (ei[dh) aqvs. drois nawilebia dReebi da Rameebi, Tvee bi da wlebi, saxeebi ki – ̀ iyo~ da `iqneba~ (ese igi, warsuli da momavali). `aris~, platonis mi-xedviT, martooden maradisobis atributia. rac Seexeba drois im moments, romelsac awmyos vuwodebT Cven, is TiTqos kidec arse bobs da arc arsebobs, raki-Ra mxolod da mxolod warsuli-sa da momavlis erTmaneTisagan gammijnav zRvrad, mswraflwar-maval wamad Tu drouli naka dis erTgvar `atomad~ gvevlineba.

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30 ivlisi

Seadare aristotele: `amrigad, ramdenadac `axla~ (aristote-les ̀ axla~ – nn – igivea, rac pla-tonis `aris~. – b.b.) sxva ara aris ra, Tu ara zRvari, is ar aris dro da mxolod TanxvdomiTaa niS-neuli droisaTvis, vinaidan zR-vari ekuTvnis mxolod imas, ris zRvradac is gvevlineba~. aseve aRiqvamda `awmyos~ Zveli berZe-ni sofisti fsevdo-arqita (zo-gierTi elinistis azriT, fse-vdo-arqita Zv.w.a. III saukuneSi cxovrobda, zogi ki ax.w.a. III sau-kunis mwerlad miiCnevs mas), visi azriTac, dro, saer Tod, ararea-luria, radganac `axla~, anu awm-yo, misi aRqmisTanave ukve aRar arsebobs, da Tumca drois naka-di uwyvetia, mis nawilebs – war-sulsa da mo mavals arsebulad ver miviCnevT, radganac pirveli ukve aRar arsebobs, xo lo meore jer kidev ar ziarebia arsebobas. fsevdo-arqita `axla~-s moments samkuTxedis wveros adarebs, ro-melic Tanabrad ekuTvnis erTi gverdis da sasruls da meoris dasawyiss. marTalia, amnairad gagebuli `axla~ gamudme biT icv-leba ricxobrivi TvalsazrisiT, magram Tavisi struqturiT ucv-leli rCeba. samkuTxedis aRmava-li gverdi momavals gamoxatavs, daRmavali – war suls, gardama-vali wertili ki – `axla~-s, anu awmyos. magram warsulisa da mo-mavlisa ar iyos, arc awmyo ar-sebobs, radganac mas, rogorc ganzomilebis armqone wertils, araviTari vrceuloba ar gaaC-nia...

aqve movixmob erT epizods V–VI s. saxelganTqmnuli roma-eli moazrov nis boeciusis br-wyinvale wignidan “De consolatione philosophiae”, – `filosofiiT nu-geScemisTvis~, misTvis Cveuli ostatobiT rom gadmogvcems

didi argenti neli mwerali xor-xe luis borxesi:

`mayurebeli hipodromze zis da Tavisi tribunidan erTimeo-ris miyole biT xedavs starts, rbolis peripetiebs da finiSTan pirvelad misul cxens. magram boeciusi warmosaxviT xedavs ki-dev erT mayurebels, mzeriT rom aRi qvams pirvel mayurebelsac da rbolasac. es, ra Tqma unda, ufali RmerTia. ufali xedavs mTel rbolas, xedavs maradi-sobis erTi wamis ganmavlobaSi. Tavisi wamieri maradisobidan xedavs starts, rbolis peripe-tiebs, finiSs. myi sieri mzeriT aRiqvams uklebliv yvelafers, maT Soris, mTel msoflio isto-riasac. ase Semoaqvs boeciuss ori cneba: Tavisufali nebisa da provi denciisa. im mayureblis ms-gavsad, Tvals rom adevnebs mTel rbolas, magram aranair zemoqme-debas ar axdens masze (garda imi-sa, rom mkacri Tanmimdevro biT aRiqvams mas), RmerTi mTlianad xedavs Cvens rbolas – dabadebi-dan sikv dilamde. is gavlenas ar axdens Cvens moqmedebaze; Cven Tavisuflad vmoqme debT, magram ufalma icis, anda, vTqvaT, swo-red am wams icis yvelaferi, risi atanac mogviwevs. ufali Rmer-Ti aseve xedavs msof lio isto-riasac da imasac, rac mosdis msoflio istorias; yvelafers xedavs erT Tavbrudamxvev wamSi, romelsac saxelad hqvia maradi-soba~.

*`anazdeulad cxovreba kvlav

Tavisi gziT waremarTa~.am sityvebiT mTavrdeba iose-

bis xilva.qriste iSva. RmerTi gankac-

da... riTi miagebs sanacvlos ada-miani?

fotoze

`wminda iosebi

axalSobil iesosTan~

(gvido renis naxati)

ivlisi 31

№ 7 2010

iyo simyudrove TiTqos, magram afxazuri marcxis Semdegi, mom-devnodroindeli saqarTvelo im SeCveul saqarTvelos aRar hgav-da. xom gagigonia, – CvenSi saaqaos tyvil dunias veZaxiT. Cven ki imJa-mindel mamul-memleqeTs tyvili saqarTvelo davarqviT.

ar vambob, xSirad Camodioda-meTqi, magram ise, guram fanjikiZe, miuxedavad mweralTa kavSiris sax-elis jer isev SenarCunebuli say-ovelTao maRalpativcemulobisa, romlis Tavmjdomarec iyo (Taname-droveobis marTlac marTlad aRm-wereli) isev miseburi ubraloebiT, sisadaviT, TavmdablobiTa da kai-biWobiT gvamaxsovrebda Tavs.

hoda, 1993-is gazafxulis erTi dRea. damirekes, guramia fanjikiZe, geZebso. qobuleTi uyvarda. iqaur `iveriaSi~ vikiTxe, CvenTan araao. davelode. Tu meZebs, mnaxavs.

gurami gulis da sulis wamali kaci iyo. laparaks ra saganzec moiwadinebda, is Zirfesvianad icoda. erTi sityviT, fizikosic iyo da lirikosic, erTad (`Что-то физики в почете, что-то лирики в заго-не~, boris slucki). proza, gura-misa, im ajanyebis mowadine droSi, Cveni wuxiliani yofis yvelaze marTal mTxrobelad gvegule-boda. saocrebaa, – Zalian magrad akritikebda im dros sabWour wyo-bas, magram mis pirovnebaSi mowi-naaRmdeges mainc ar xedavdnen. ar ujavrdebodnen. sxvisi kal-mis odnavi xitinic ki partelitas aRizian-aforiaqebda xolme. gu-ram fanjikiZesgan ki, maincdamainc ar iwyenden. is eTavisianebodaT, eSinaurebodaT. yvelasTan erTad yvelafris Tanamonawileobas ar aerideboda, yoveldRiurobaSi aq-

tiurobda. zogjer, `respublikis pirveli piris mier mowonebul~ wamowyebebsac, `pirveli piris~ ndobamoxveWilebTan ise Wkuamax-vilurad miaqilik-moaqilikebda, gamoRmel-gaRmeli erTad gaerTo-boda.

mgoni samocdaaTis maxlobel wels, maCablis 13-s mivadeqi Tu ara, gurami sasaxlidan gamomavali Se-momefeTa. naSuadRevia. martoa.

– oho! – da wamavlo xeli, – wamodi. erT alagas mivalT. Zalian saWiro xar iq Senao. mTawmindis zemoubni-sken avuyeviT. iq, Zveli saxlis Ria fanjridan, maxsovs, viRac biWi, TiTqos beso JRentiviT fiTri sax-iT, xels gviqnevs. Tan TiTiT gur-ams uCvenebs, ai, im karebSi Semoxval da iqidan zemoTo.

avediT. Sin marto dagvxvda ta-lik-Tvalwinwkala axalgazrda, sul kiskis-Rimilad rom iRvre-boda. cota Caiangl-Caiimerules da Tamaz wivwivaZea esao, guramma gamawodebina xeli. jer kidev stu-denti, Tamaz wivwivaZe, rogorc Sevatyve, literaturaSi karga ga-Sinaurebuli da mwerluri yofis oRro-CoRrovan xaTqa-xuTqebze ukve kaimagra Tvalmidevnebuli Canda.

axlavena giTxrana, Cemo emin, mere, kiRam TlaT daSlil-dafel-ergebul saqarTveloSi, gaWirve-bul `literaturul saqarTvelos~ redaqtorobasa da mweralTa mo-famfalebuli kavSiris Tavmjdo-mareobisas, iseTive wamoweul-ga-faqizebuli yuradRebianobiT da axloblurobiT uvlida Tamaz wiv-wivaZe Cvens urTierTobas.

hoda, varT me da gurami fanjik-iZe student wivwivaZesTan, albaT, naqiraveb oTaxSi. devs modablo ma-

8 ivliss, Tavis mSobliur sofel gegeliZeebSi (qedis raioni, aWara) 85 wlis asakSi gardaicvala gamoCenili qarTveli mwerali fridon xalvaSi, mravali poeturi da prozauli krebulis avtori, rusTavelis premiis laureati (1975 w.), Tbilisis sapatio moqalaqe (1999 w.). batoni fridoni Cvens JurnalTan siamovnebiT TAanamSromlobda. es fragmenti mogonebaTa (`omri~) jer gamoucemeli meore wignidan Tvenaxevris win gamogvigzavna. samwuxarod, mis gamoqveynebas igi veRar moeswro. RmerTma naTelSi amyofos misi suli, msubuqi iyos misTvis mSobeli miwa.

fridon xalvaSi

gadaRmeTel (TurqeTel) CveneburebSi guram fanjikiZesTan erTad

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32 ivlisi

gidis SuagulSi axalmoxarSuli ox-Sivaradenili, barklebaSverili in-dauri. iqve mTvaresaviT savse Wads TvaliT vWam. gverdiT ki, – tkeCiT moqsovil aTlitrianSi albaT im-eruli colikauria.

maxsovs, odesRac, sad, ar vici, Jurnal `droSa~-s garekanze danax-uli naxati, – mwyemsi biWi kameCebs midenis, – momewona. axla ki, aq, gadakrulSi rom varT, gurami ix-senebs da mpirdeba: is naxati, orig-inali... vici sadaao. Seni iqnebao. moJamuli droJami Tumc yvelafers angrevda, aTi wlis Semdeg, ^baTumSi, gurami marTlac Sin momitans dina-ra nodias im naxats. xom dagpirdio.

iseTi carieli, fuxara dRe iyo. `kuxnaSi~ nasoflar kardals qe-nerebze fxallobiis gadmonalafe-bi ecxo mxolod. da swored am dros, gurami fanjikiZe, ukve mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomare, moplaku-nobs kibeze.

karTan miviWeri. SemomefarTqa-la. aio, es dapirebuli mogitaneo. kedlis erT cariel alags miazoma, aq mouxdebao. gamexarda, gamik-virda. gamikvirda is armogonili Sinauruloba da ara mogonili is siqibre, ramac ise gamoabJutura socialisturi maSindeloba, xolo dasacodavebuli saqarTvelos ax-landelobas, axla, rac Wirs, amaze viRas SevCivloT, – politbiuro mkvdaria.

Sin martvai var. Tbilisidan mwer-alTa kavSiris Tavmjdomare mest-umra. randa vqna? hoda, soflelo-bam mixsna. CleCila yveli da Wadis gaficxebuli natexi, cota Rvinoc movaWyatune.

* * *dRes ki, axla sul sxva droa, ax-

alfexadgmuli damoukideblobaa, mara TlaT fexadgmuli veraa. mzia da levani gvavaxSmeben. mTavari stumari guramia fanjikiZe.

sarfis karis gaxsnaze sadRegrZe-lo vTqviT. arTvinis meri, yadir xalvaSi, da masTan Cveni stumaro-bisac movigone.

– au, rogor minda, biWo, erTxel vnaxo iqauroba! – Caisevdiana gur-amma.

– mere? wavideT! movsinjav-meTqi. xom jer iqnebiT aqeT? – vkiTxe. vfiqrob. aslan abaSiZe, fanjik-iZes Tu vuxseneb, albaT, wamox-marebaze uars ar gvetyvis, serveTi verZaZe Cemia. manqana icis, manqana hyavs, kinokamerac aqvs. gaRmur Sexvedra-saubrebs gadaiRebs, rac, mere, mjera, saintereso da iqneb gamosadegic gaxdeba (windawin getyvi: mTeli orsaaTiani Canawer-Canaxati maSindeli TurqeTuli Sexvedrebisa gauxsnel-gaumJRavne-beli dResac serveTTan inaxeba. ver davainterese Cveni vercerTi tele-vizia. arada, amisTana namdvili nedli sinamdvile Cveni erovnuli awewildawewilobisa sxva sadaa).

avuxseni aslans, ase da ase-meTqi. fanjikiZe, saqarTvelos mweralTa kavSiris Tavmjdomareao, CemTan laparakisas, gverdiT, vatyob, viRa-cas eubneba yurmilmouSoreblad. or kacze gaakeTe, xval, dilas mova batoni xalvaSio. raRaca kais rom gvifeSqaSebda, naRdi iyo.

hoda saRamos levan Turman-iZisas, doqtor triandafilidis yofil saxlSi, SevikribeniT. mzia xalvaSis naxatebs interesiT da pativiT moavlo guramma Tvali da Tqva, esao, yvelgan gamosaCeni namuSevrebi yofilao. gavakeToT gamofena TbilisSico. mere, erT naxatTan sagangebod SeCerda. Cemi ezos fiWvebi exata. sofeli, saxli, sitiale, simeCxre. ca fiWvebis wi-wviani TiTebiT Caxutebuli; im wi-wvebSi Cacrili silurje laJvar-disa. simyudrove, sevda, sinaTle da saocari sixarulic im sevdiT moyudebuli. guram fanjikiZe uceb moSorda naxats, monaxa oTaxSi mzia da uxmod, usityvod moexvia, arao, es naxatebi Tbiliss vaCvenoT un-dao, gaimeora.

sufra naucbaTevi gvegemriela.Suqi Cveulebriv gamoirTo (93

welia!), navTis lampa Cveulebriv ainTo. Rvinom, merisulma Cxaver-

misioneri

fridon xalvaSi – gamorCeu-li saxeli Tanamedrove qarTul literaturaSi, Txe miT ter-famde poeti, Semoqmedi da kidev odnav meti imaze, vidre TviTon aris an Cven warmogvidgenia.

man Seqmna Tavisi saxe, Tavisi stili da, maRalfardovnebaSi Tu ar CameTvleba, Tavisi miTi, romelic Cven Tvalwin arsebobs rogorc saxasiaTo forma da Si-naarsi, rogorc advilsacnobi istoria, rogorc tradicia, wi-naparTa kvalis gamgrZelebeli.

aris mis bunebaSi raRac is-eTi, rac SeiZleba misioneris xasiaTs mogvagonebdes. ara mar-to imitom, rom bedma Tavidanve daakisra sagangebo poeturi roli qarTul sinamdvileSi, aramed imitomac, rom praqti-kuli inteleqtis amouwuravi SesaZleblobebi uboZa RmerTma da am potencials dRemde cxeb-ulis zeSTagonebiTa da Tanmim-devrobiT axorcielebs qveyni-sa da eris interesebisaTvis.

es aris adamiani, romelic mudmivad iwyebs raRac axals, raRac moulodnels, mniS-vnelovans. zogjer iwyebs iseT ramesac, risi Sesrulebac, erTi SexedviT, ar ZaluZs, magram Sem-deg aRmoCndeba, rom swored es yofila misi saqme, misi xvedri, misia, vali.

misi cxovrebis umaRles miznad kvlavac rCeba qarTv-elobis samsaxuri da samSob-

fotoze fridon xalvaSi,

guram fanjikiZe,

dali fanjikiZe

ivlisi 33

№ 7 2010

ma, gurams lampis SuSa moaTxovia. moinaxa sufTa meore SuSa. daiy-ena SuSa wveriT xelis gulze, pir-Tamde waapipina da wamodga. mzia-levanis ojaxobac Cems ojaxad Tqva da yvelani zeaRmavlobis zavTiT agvwia. ai, am Cxavris mSobel mi-was vlocavo, Tqva. nametani esavsa lampis SuSa, tuCiT mosvripa co-taze da ganagrZo. hoda, am Cxavris miwis saxelSi nagulisxmev mTlian miwas, qarTuls, vadRegrZelebo.

am dros guramis win, sufraze, levanma sagangebod raRac kon-verti dado, meorec iseTive Cem win gaCnda. guramma piri odnav gauxsna konverts da maSinve jibisken gaaqa-na, amisTana Zvirfas werils Cumad wavikiTxavo, (konvertebSi, rogorc mere gavigeT, 300-300 dolari ido, saCuqari samgzavrod).

08.08.08.mZime da gulisdamCagvrelia imis

Segneba, rom mowinaaRmdeges (am-jerad russ) kidev erTxel Tavi da-vamarcxebineT.

mZime da gulisdamCagvrelia, 6 agvistomde rac iyo, isic rom sana-treli gagvixda. vin dagvmarTa, vin wagvkida esa?! moikiTxaven, gaar-Ceven. mere raRac gviSvelis mizez-is Cxreka. samSoblo kvnesis. saxle-bi iwvis. qalbaRana tiris. sisxli iqceva.

da mainc, am yiameTSi, kinaRam mTe-li msoflios am mxardaWera-Tanad-gomas Tu Wkvianurad gamoviyenebT, SeiZleba damarcxeba gamarjvebad vaqcioT.

erTi aucilebeli da gulsat-kenic gavamJRavnoT: Cveni saxelm-wifos winakacebi (iqneb meCveneba) sruliad ugulebelyofen ufrosi Taobis gamocdilebas, ar aqvT moTxovnileba mousminon xandaxan mravalWirgamovlil patriotTa rCeva-darigebebs. rac, vfiqrob, miutevebelia.

miwa wyenas gavs, muxa – godebas

caSi yorani qris da qoria?

eh, ra xania, – wuxan totebi, –

gamarjvebis qars ar uqrolia.

05.09.09am wuTas beloruseTSi kalaT-

burTSi belarus-saqarTvelos na-krebebis Sejibrs vuyureb. Cvenma gundma gaimarjva. dResve, Tbilis-Si, italiis nakrebs, msoflio Cem-pions fexburTSi, vxvdebiT. vnaxoT. burTi mrgvalia. magram...

mwarea ara wageba, aramed mowi-naaRmdegis magier Sen rom Seigdeb burTs sakuTar karSi. aseTi daimar-Ta im dRes kaxi kalaZem. Cveni na-krebis kapitanma, TaviT, mere fexi-Tac, Tavis karSi Seisrola orjer burTi. ras hgavs es?

es ruseT-saqarTvelos SarSan-del oms magonebs. riT da ratom? – Tavad iangariSe.

* * *ici randa giTxrana?.. (nu gamam-

tyuneb, sityvis Cvenebura miRrek-moRreka Tu damewyeba).

serveTma Tavisi `Jiguli~ mor-To-moakapiwa. rac samogzauro sa-Tadarigoebi momacria, sul mise-bura Caabargibarxana. guramma marto erTi porTfeli gamoaCina. iq raebi ewyo arvin icoda.

xalaTi, anu perangi, sayelo-Caxsnili uyvarda. agvistos mi-wuruli iwriteboda. cxeloda, sarfelebi da misi `tamoJnelebi~ mogvacvivdnen. viRacam duqnidan, saidanac Sepiwkinebuli Tevzis ner-wyvmomgvreli surneli gamoqroda, gamomZaxa, aqeT, fridon, Semoixe-deTo. vici es rasac niSnavda. gu-rammac bage moiloka, magram am dros win WiSkari gagviRes da sare-gistracio sarkmel-fortoCkisken sabuTebis migviwvies. mere, gaRma, Turqmac kaixans gvayuryuta. imaTi mxridan dRevandlisnairi Saragza jer sarfamde moRweuli arc iyo, magram iseTi samuSaoebi gaeCaRebi-naT, gurami mjinqvavs, gaxede ras buRarobeno. gazomil-gaxazulo-biT Tu mixvet-moxvetilobebiT karqa mixvdebodi ra yovlisgamapo-beli wyvili Sara TeTr striqonad moarRvevda lazur ReleRurdnebs da zRvispiriTebs, raTa stambu-lidan Turqul sarfamde, mere,

losaTvis maqsimaluri xelSew-yobis statusis mopoveba.

samSobloze zrunvis gareSe erTi dRe ar dauRamebia.

saqarTvelo aris misi ma-cocxlebeli wyaro, imedi da arsebobis gamarTleba.

amqveynad movida imisaTvis, raTa Tavisi ad gili daekavebina, damdgariyo iq, sadac mis garda veravin dadgeboda, ekeTebina is, rasac sxva ver gaakeTebda, eTqva is, rasac sxva ver ityoda.

icis, ra unda da ras akeTebs.amitomac ar kargavs Sinagani

Zalis SegrZnebas, SemoqmedebiT aqtivobas, poeturi eqstazis motivebs. yovelTvis axerxebs iyos gansxvavebuli, axali da stereotipebisgan Tavisufali.

misTvis poezia ar aris mxo-lod wyobili sityviT gadmoce-muli emocia, es aris, upirveles yovlisa, yofierebis Sinaarsi, arsebobis forma, cxovrebis azri da mizani, romelic, ra Tqma unda, samSoblos ukav-Sirdeba.

movaleobis Segneba da maRali pasuxismgebloba gamoarCevs fri don xalvaSis sityvas da saqmes.

mas aqvs unari erovnuli en-ergia Sekribos Tavis TavSi da TviT yvelaze Zlieri emociac ki raciod, samomavlod gasaT-valiswinebel azrad Camoayali-bos.

rogorc Cans, dabadebidan mosdgams zomierebis gasaocari SegrZneba, romelsac yovelT-vis amJRavnebs, roca saWiro xdeba oqros Sualedis dacva TviT Sefasebasa da obieqtur re a lobas Soris.

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Cvenze gadavliT, idinos da idinos mTelma evraziam. yovel mTagoraks sagvirabe saburRavebiT Sexoxole-bulebi ukve Signavdnen. ismoda brawabruzi da mimofeniliyo mt-verbuRebimT iqauroba.

naxe, naxe, ra qvalodebi mouzid-CaugorebiaT zRvis samagrebisTvi-so, – maCvenebs fanjikiZe.

– Cveni nangrevebiT eseni iSeneben.ramdenjer viyavi TurqT mxareSi,

vin daTvlis, magram axla, radgan gurams vaxldi, axalad mivdiodi TiTqos. mindoda iqauri Cvenebure-bi, rogorc ufro Cemianebi, misTvis ufro Signidan gamecno. vatyobdi, Tavadac albaT amitom CemTan er-Tad moisurva gamgzavreba. (me da serveTi am mgzavrobas fanjikurs veZaxiT). me xom aqeTur-iqiTurSi marto wign-gazeTuri enaqavila atexilobiT ar miblayulia. erT-gvarad is ubedurnaxevari samyaro Cemi yofacxovrebacaa da Cemi bed-iRbalic. icis guramma es.

17.09.09mirekavs gogi gigauri, poeti,

megobari, Tbilisidan. `asaval-dasavalSi~ viRac Cemi sexnia wer-so, fridon xalvaSi, baTumSi ilia WavWavaZis Zeglis sxvagan gadata-nas moiTxovso. ar momewona. kacs egoneba, Sen ilias Zeglis aReba mo-gindomebiao.

da, raRaca iseTma wyen-simwa-rem mimomiTuTqa gul-tansxeuli, galaxulma Tavi davxare. ese igi, me, fridon xalvaSi, Cemi qalaqi-dan, romlis qarTuli sicocxlis gadarCenas iliam mTeli sicocxle moaxarja, misi Zeglis aRebas vapir-eb?! aseTis, ara Tqmas, gafiqrebasac ki, mgoni, ubralo marto Cemdami siZulvili ar eyofoda, etyoba ra-Raca ufro masStabur siZulvils flobs amis damweri.

ormocdaaTi wlis winaT, aWaris gadarCenaze fiqrisas iliasadmi leqsad miTqvams:

im erTaderT gzas xedavda igi,

rom movyevi da vervin maSinebs,

Cven mas veZaxiT samSoblos sindiss,

suls da qveyanas vinc akavSirebs.

da Tu madloba ekuTvnis kacs,

Cemi gulisa da Cemi kuTxis,

igi ekuTvnis vinc sulSi dgas,

igi ilias uwin ekuTvnis.

me Cemi xalxis da Cemi enis si-yvarulisaTvis rac migemnia, `omri~ waikiTxon, kmara!

Cveni fanjikuri mgzavroba ki, im dRes Sebindebulze, pawia qalaq fa-cas miuaxlovda.

qvebian CoRro napirebs zRva mo-qneul kalTebs afenda, eTamaSe-boda, hava marilian blondebidan gamocril simsubuqed gvesunTqe-boda. faca sul mgonia Turqulad Targmnili qobuleTia. zustad ver vambob, magram iq mcxovrebTa kiRam asi procenti Curugsue-lia (qobuleTeli). nu damZraxav, – Cveneburana gigimeorona: rav-arcki rusi Samovida, 1878-Si, im dRidan raRja or-sam TveSi, aWara samuhajiroT moskvdao, metyoda babai. hemac (Tanac) zorisgan Tva-lebi uuyirmizdeboda. zegnelebi, qeda-Svaxev-Wvanel-xulvelebi, umfo zegan CvenisTana alagebisken guupiries Turmi: bursa-inegol-izniq-izmiTebisken. amaT ki, qobu-leTuraebma, zRvis felukadan fa-cias etrafebs Tvali rom mohkres, Turmi ayvirden, es memleqecs gavs Cvensas, aq gigviyvaiT, aqna vimosax-loTnao? TavSesanax sarCos hel-beT, aqavri miwa ar digviSliso da miayenebies felukai zRvispirais fenCqvebTan.

da, ai, Cvenc, iqiT, boloSi, zRvas-Tan, wanaxevarkunZulebulze, erTi Cveneburi, gvarmiviwyebul (maTe-bura, – gvargadamqarTulebul gadamqarTulda. – gadamaviwyda.) gogitiZis hotels mivadeqiT. cari-eloba etyoboda ezokars. vTqviT, aq gavaTioTo ameRami. mara vin ga-cala SiT Sesvla. mogveyuda viRac, kevriviT brtyeli, Tavze grZel-kozirgebriani, Seaxela kaci da Cemi saxelic amoiZaxa.

suleimanai var inaiSvili, ba-tonebo, ravar veRar micaniTo. sayvedurgareuli siciliT mogvex-

Tavisi Tavis kargad mcno-beli kacia rogorc poeturi, ise praqtikuli TvalsazrisiT. albaT amanac SesZina xasiaTis gamokveTili Tviseba – swrafva siaxleebisa da moulodnelo-bebisaken, risi TvalsaCino Sedegic aris SemoqmedebiTi aqtivobis bednieri gradaciebi poeziidan prozaSi, prozidan – memuarebSi, memuarebidan – poe-ziaSi (`omri~).

mis poetur qveyanaSi Ta-naarsebobs ori sawyisi – liri-kuli da oratoruli.

oratoruli sawyisis gamokve-Ta sulac ar arRvevs poeturo-bis sazRvrebs, piriqiT, Tavise-bur xiblsac ki matebs publi-cistur kreSendos. mas hyavs adresati, hyavs msmeneli da poeturi azris sworad gamgebi.

fridon xalvaSis poeziis lirikuli nakadi wlebis ganma-vlobaSi icvleba, ivseba da mra-valferovndeba, Tumca ucvle-li rCeba mTavari – gamoxatvis uSualoba, siwrfele da sila-maze, anu is, rac maRali poetu-ri kulturis maCveneblad miiC-neoda yvelgan da yvela droSi.

fridon xalvaSi saxeobrivi poeziis mimdevaria. igi xatavs, Zerwavs, aqandakebs ferwerul da plastikur saxeebs, romelTa daviwyeba SeuZlebelia. poetu-ri naTelxilvis Sedegad Seqm-nili es saxeebi CvenSi badeben iseT emocias, romlis axsna ad-vili ar aris, magram sagrZnobia, sacnobia, gulmisavalia.

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via TiToeuls calcalke da Tva-lebamde amogvikocna pirsaxeze yvelaferi. CamogvarTva CanTebi. amfer Cem xisimebs (naTesavebs) ra-vai gekadrebian hotelSio. haiT, ax-laven, CemTan, Sinao. Cayara CanTebi isev serveTas manqanaSi, mogvabruna Cvenc ukan, dagvixoxolda wina saj-domze da, haiTo, xelmeored daiZa-xa. Tan lavaSiviT xeli win gabzika. vatyobdi, gamovliliT ki ara, mis mier amorCeuli sxva quCiT mivy-avdiT. wiflis teziviT xoSori mx-ari gareT gadaeyo, gaRma-gamoRma mimaval-momavalebs lafera xelis qneviT Tan esalmeboda, Tan epaije-boda, – Cveneburebi mimyavs da Cem-Tan amoiTo.

mec, TiTqos ki mecno, mara, mainc TlaT ar mecno. Tumca, roca miTxra, Senao Cemi leqsi rom gimis-tore da Tiflisis gazeTSi damibe-Wdeo... im wuTSive yolisferi moma-gonda.

uCumarad Seswavlili qarTuli anbaniT Tavisi gulis oxSivari amoeTqva da qaRaldze, oRro-CoRrod, magram saguldagulo sifaqiziT aeTespa (krialosani). leqsi viRacisTvis, facelisTvis gamoetanebia. esao aWaris mwerleb-Si gadaeci Wkvian mekalmes, yuris mTxovebelso. leqsis saTauri maxsovs axlac – `saqarTvelos su-lis did babas, ilia meores~.

alag-alag imnairi sityvaT si-wrfel-simduRare momecxuneboda, dawerilSi sityvas ki ara anbansac mosaglejad an misawev-mosawevad ver vimetebdi. raRacebi qener-qen-er mainc vuwamle, mivaqan-movaqa-ne da racxafraTac Camezard-Camigorgvalda, iseTi, Cavutane Tamaz wivwivaZes, `literatu-rul saqarTveloSi~. CaikiTxa da miTxra, modi amas patara wauwere, sadauria avtori, vin mogitana, an rame amnairi da zegis nomrisTvis axlave gadavcemo. daibeWda, ki. is nomeri gazeTisa, Cans, suleiman facelis xelSic moxvedrila. quCa rom gaTavda da duberferdobis miRrekil-moRrekil SeRmarTs nel-

nela avuyeviT, mxrebi odnav Cven-ken moabruna, pirzec, albaT arvin gaigonoso, gverdidan xeli aifara da CagviCurCula, – amis memre, (e. i. leqsis gamoqveynebis Semdeg) Tbiliss Ceveli, ilia meore – wvin-dac vnaxevi, hemac iqave mevnaTle qristianulaTo. hama aqavro-baSi ar vambobo. gedemekidebian, ojaR-sac gimilanZRven da... ra vqna aba!..

Tan, bolos, im Tavisi babaRauca ToTo leqsidan ramdenime striqo-ni ZvilZvilai mogvaxara:

saqarTvelos cocxal sulis

didbabai xar,

memleqeTis qiTabi xar, ambavi xar.

Soreli var, mara maic var

axlobeli,

maRlobelo, Cvenic Sen xom xar

mSobeli.

Cvenebuli CemSi vinmem mokla

viTam?

mosla minda, Sen muxlebTan

Coqva minda.

ukana sajdomidan, guram fanjik-iZe, mgoni odnav, usityvod, Zlivs wamoiwia da Tavmobrunebul sulei-mans loyaze emTxvia.

ezoSi rogorc ki SevediT, sulei-mani Semobrunda, isev ise, bageebze xeliszurgmifarebuli gvetyvis, – Sin, ColuR-CojuRTan (qal-ba-RanasTan) jer ar gamamJRavnoT, mei-naTlao... magas, memrena mena muuva-ronao.

Sin Sevlisas, winakarTan, muslim-ura, fexgaxdaa. Sewuxda gurami. da-Runva uWirda mgoni.

– biWo, es fexi gaxdili ufro binZuri araa?! CaiCivla, CaiCoqa da orive tufli muyaiTad waiZro. iqve Clartebi SeniSna, TiTebi Zlivs Seetia, magram wamoiqirdila mainc da Clarta-ClurtiT Segvyva oTax-Si.

– musafirebi, musafirebi! (stum-rebi, stumrebi) – gvesmoda ezodan bavSvebis xmebi.

Semovida gogona da xelebze ra-Racnairi wyalsunamoiani siTxe Segvafrqvia. guramma daisuna, ar moewona, wyali moZebna, gadavibano. iqiT onkani Canda, magram wyali ar

igi warmatebiT iyenebs qar-Tuli leqsis sxvadasxva saxe-obebsa Tu kombinaciebs, salit-eraturo enis tradiciul struqturasac srulyofilad flobs da arc sityvis asoci-aciuri veli aqvs SezRuduli, magram maZiebelma bunebam Ta-visi gaitana da moiTxova raRac axali, gansxvavebuli, sakuTari arsis uSualod da originalu-rad gamomxatveli formis Se-qmna.

ase gaCnda samyurebi – fri-don xalvaSis eqskluziuri mi-gneba, axali qarTuli saleqso nairsaxeoba, romelsac Tavisu-flad SegviZlia vuwodoT `aWa-ruli tercetebi~, radgan si-tyvier da intonaciur masalad umTavresad aWarul dialeqts, am ucnaurad mJRer da keTil-sasmen kilokavs iyenebs.

mxatvris fxizeli, dakvirve-buli Tvali igrZnoba samyureb-Si. es aris aWaruli koloritiT dawerili bgeriTi peizaJebi, sadac azric ki raRac grZneuli tonalobiT aris Seferili.

es tonaloba winamdebare kre-buls Tavidan bolomde gasdevs da Cvens sayvarel poets war-mogvidgens iseTs, rogoric jer ar gvinaxavs da rogoric gvin-doda gvenaxa – mravalferovani, mravalxmovani, mravalwaxnago-vani, WeSmaritad Rirssacnobi Sem o qmedi, romelic dReis-dRis matianes wers tkiviliT, gancdiT, momavlis TvalTaxed-viT.

ivane amirxanaSvili

(fridon xalvaSis ukanaskneli poeturi krebulis – `bendis~ (inteleqti, 2010) winasityvaoba)

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gamodinda. serveTi eca kuTxeSi Camwkrivebul WurWlebs. erTi es-avsa, aiRo, moxsna sacob-saxuravis-nairi da miiwvia gurami, dagisxamo. SeuSvira, magram sulmTlaT aulo-pianda gurams xelebi. ra siTxes aTqaSunebda serveTi veravin avx-seniT. amasobaSi Tavad suleimani gamoCnda. Sexeda gurams, Sebrunda, moitana namdvili wyali, gadaavlo xelebze da saxocic umal gauwoda. raRaca Zalian daircxvinasaviT Tavi, Tumca, ratomRac, ar gagvimx-ila ra wyali iyo weRandeli siTxe. wyali, saden milSi, gvian muvao. mi-vida mere, taxtze dafenili fosti (salocavad saxmari Txis tyavi) aiRo, – axSanamazis vaxtia (saRamos locvis dros), dedaberi Cemi ilo-cavso da gaafriala meore oTax-isken. male Semobrunda, meo, gapar-Wkla xelebi, ra vqna, Tavidanac ver vimuxlebodi am namazebizao. xameSi umfo ki, Sin – verao.

vaxSmad marTlac, rogorc ityvi-an, zulbieTebi mogvarTves. mom-cro boTliT Turquli `rakic~ (raxi) gamoCnda.

meore dilaze stambulisken ga-vudeqiT. sanam goraks mivefareT, suleimani Tavis ezodan veeba lav-aSa xels maRla-maRla gviqnevda da gviqnevda.

– ra eSvelebaT am Senebur Cvene-burebs, Tu ici?.. – odnav naRvli-anad, ar mobrunebula, ise mekiTxe-ba, fanjikiZe.

TiTqos mesiamovna es SekiTxva. mesiamovna misgan, didi azrebis kacisgan, Tvara sul amgvari kiTx-vebis koRoebiT ar var dakbenili? magi rom vicode, ra gveSveleba, an riT eSvelebaT iqaur Cveneburebs, ra jobs magas.

Cemi dumili isev Tavad gafriwa. sanaxevrod Semobrunda (is win, ser-veTis gverdiT, ijda).

– jer Cvenebur Cveneburebs ra eSvelebaT, es vTqvaTo ratom ar mekiTxebi?! – meubneba. – verc amaze vTqvi veraferi. imitom, rom kiTx-vaSi cota pasuxic ikiTxeboda.

Zalian miyvarda guram fanjikiZis

mosmena. romeli dargi cxovrebisa unda xsenebuliyo, rom mas amom-wuravi, mecnierulad, uwvrilmanes-ad gaanalizebuli, awonili pasuxi ar hqonoda. xSirad, ubralod, in-Jiner-metalisti (meliTone) varo, ityoda. erTxel Sevekalambure, – batono guram, meliTone ki ara, Tqven meimdone inJineri xarT, zo-gierT astrofizikosTan Sefardeb-iT fardobiTobis Teoriasac ukeT gvagebineb-meTqi. sportis, gansa-kuTrebiT fexburTis xom marTla TavSewiruli qomagi, trfiali da gamomdgari baSusta iyo.

benzem, anu baTumis navTobqarxa-nam pirdapir agvimyrala baTumi (sabWoeTis boloJamnobaa), gavbe-deT da am autanlobaze xma amo-viReT. zogierTma baTumelma, ege-bao Sen es Cveni sixleTi (gasaWiri) gaaxmovano farTodo, masmenila. me amas ver SevZlebdi. SevCivle guram fanjikiZes. TbilisSi, mweralTa kav Siris kabinetSi ijda. mifiqria mec magazeo, miTxra. da, maSindel `komunistSi~ male mTeli ori gver-di eWira, maRalinJinrul-teqniku-ri pro fesiulobiT ganWvretil da ufa qizesi mwerluri emociebiT Se-kazmul, gamanadgurebel werils, rasac guram fanjikiZe awerda xels. SeiSmuSna mTeli is sabWoTa elita. magram, male, Cvenma umwifarma, baRnur xoxolasnairma damoukide-blobam ise daangria `benze~ da ise gayida jarTad, Cven, aqaurebs, rki-nis nafxekic ki ar gvinaxavs. maxsovs, ambobdnen, benze aslanma daangria da jarTad Turqebs mihyida Tla-To. ar ikadrebda amas aslani-meTqi, – mipasuxnia. aba, aslanis unebarT-vod benzes rkinebze xelis wakare-bas vin gabedavdao, momixazavdnen.

yofil benzes midamoebSi, mi-wis siRrmeebSi, wlebis manZilze, Cawurul-Cabudebul-CaCaTlaxeb-uli imdeni navTobwumpea, saSineli suni axlac Segawuxebs, Tanac im e. w. wyeul wuwunebian warsulsac gagaxsenebs. hoda, axlandelobiT gadilxorebuls raRacebs kido mo-ganatrebs.

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– o, ra qveyana amoides iRliaSi, biWo!.. – amoigvneSa guramma, sadRac sinopis maxlobel sanapiroebTan roca mifSukunebda Cveni `nolsed-moi~. momcro qalaqunebic ki aWeW-lebul-acicinaTelebuliyvnen, amis mnaxvelT Cveni maSindeli Cab-Jukul-Cawyvdiadebuli mSobeli quCebis gaxseneba guls ufro gvi-WigWkavda.

amferobaSi sulis mosaTqme-lad mwerlobaze, mis sacodao-baze laparaks SemoviSveliebdiT. gvewada gvecada stambulSi Turq mwerlebTan Sexvedra-saubari, ra-menairi kavSirebis Tu urTierT Targmnis SesaZleblobebis mosin-jvebiT samomavlod. aziz nesin-Tan SarSan Senaxvedri viyavi, misi telefonis nomeric vicodi. xolo, Cveni, qarTuli mwerloba rom aRa-ravis axsovda saqarTveloSi, esec moviCivl-movitireT (dResac egre araa?).

qalbatoni dali kokaia-fan-jikiZe (uniWieresi da uspetakesi meuRle guram fanjikiZisa) ratom ver movipatiJeT am Cvens mogzauro-baSi-meTqi, dadanaSaulebuliviT vikiTxe, sxvaTaSoris. amisTvis sad ecala daliso, – gavigone. albaT Semoqmedeba, ojaxi igulisxmeboda? im wuTas kiRam ocdaaTi wlis winan-deli (1970, `xomli~-s me-4-5 wigni) maqs friSis daliseuli Targ-mani gavixsene, mwyurvaliviT rom

davacxri maSin, magaria-meTqi. fri-Siseuli stili da miseuli Txroba ra moxvewili qarTuliTaa moTik-ruli, ai, aman momxibla-meTqi.

– iCagreba, biWo, Cemi iq yofnis gamo... (albaT kavSiris Tavmjdo-mareoba) megrelebi gaunawyendnen cota, fanjikiZes daiwera da... ra vqna, Svilebi ra gvarisac arian, mec isa varo.

zafxulis dRe ileva. zRva xan gviaxlovdeba, xan gviSoravdeba. alag-alag, kortoxze, odasaxli, ezo-beRel-naliiTac ki, gadmogvd-gomia. dagificeb-meTqi, vTqviT, rom daviZaxoT qarTula, qalbaR-nebi im odidan aq Camocvivdebian.

uSvelebeli, umSvenieresi istan-buli Soridanve gxiblavs. qalaqis Tavze mimoRenkilad gabizinebul moSavo nislebs sakvamurebidan ak-laknil-azozinebuli futebi kidev ufro asqelebs da abindbundbs. amitom gegoneba, zafxulis mze iq odnav uferulia, magram horizon-tebSi, alag-alag, mainc eSxianad kaSkaSeben, kosmosur raketebiviT bevrad sworferdeba zeaziduli minareTebi. sadRac sivrceSi aiaso-fiis oqrosferi gumbaTic gamonaT-da. guramma icno, mgoni pirjvaric gadaiwera. egao marTlmadidebel-Ta dedoeklesiaao.

dasasruli Semdeg nomerSi

selesten frene

`pedagogiuri invariantebi~

`inteleqti~ gTavazobT

XX saukunis gamoCenili frangi pedagogi selesten frene (1896-1966) av-toria originaluri pedagogikuri sistemisa. misi Sexedulebebi Sors dgas fsevdomecnieruli, abstraqtuli, spekulaciuri Teoriebisagan.

selesten frenes axali skolis meTodikam aprobaciis ocdaaTwliani gza ganvlo da farTod gamoiyeneba rogorc safrangeTSi, ise mis farglebs ga-reT. sakuTar gamocdilebasa da axal Rirebulebebze dafuZnebuli swav-lebis freneseuli sistema gmobs avtoritarul pedagogikas.

saqarTveloSi mimdinare ganaTlebis reformasTan dakavSirebiT, naSromi saintereso unda iyos qarTveli pedagogebisa da mSoblebisTvis.

rusulidan Targmnes ciala kalmaxeliZem da kaxmeg kudavam.

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manana amirejibi

ori etiudi

isev da isev `suliko~

poeziaze laparaki iseve Znelia, rogorc leqsis TxrobiT moyola. daz-epirebac didad ar Svelis saqmes, Tu ar Caxvdi ra grZnobam daawerina po-ets leqsi. Ees imitom, – ucxoTa citatebs ar moviyvan, mSobliur fesvebs gavixseneb, rom poezia `saRmrTo saRmrTod gasagonia~ da `grZeli sityva (Rrma azri. – m. a.) mokled iTqmis~.

Salva dadianma gviTxra:`poezia patarZalia, Tu yoveldRiuri Wir-varamis proziT Seexe, igi

CamosWkneba~.Hho, `foTlebi mihqrian qardaqar~, magram es rom mxolod foTlebsa da

qars Seexebodes da ara sanukvari adamianis gareSe sicocxlis uazrobas, is qari iqneboda, romlis gamoc, xSirad usiamovno wuxils vgrZnobT-xolme.

Ees ki tariel Wanturiam Tqva:`romel qarTvelsac unda uTxra `suliko~ ar gesmiso, ironiuli Ri-

miliT mogaCerdeba...~Dda esec:`Tu poetebs idumaleba Rirsebad eTvlebaT, akaki Tavisi `sulikoTi~

erTi yvelaze `bundovani poetia~.am leqsze bevrs aqvs seriozuli mosazreba. SejibrebasaviT rom ar ga-

momivides, maT ar Sevexebi da arc CamovTvli – ise gamovTqvam Cemsas.modiT, bolo strofidan daviwyoT:

`isev gamexsna sicocxle

dRemde rom mwared krul iyo,

axla ki vici sada xar,

samgan gaqvs bina, suliko!~

rogori adamiani ityvis, isev gamexsna sicocxle dRemde rom mwared krul iyoo? moviSvelieb erT samedicino termins, am bolo dros Zalian xSirad rom viyenebT: rogori da – depresiaSi myofi! xolo ratom vardeba adamiani am nacrisfer, notio RrubelSi, mgoni Zneli misaxvedri ar aris: im ZiriTad da yovladaucilebel unarTa dakargvis gamo, risganac Sedga da ratomac daerqva mas adamiani. niavmac xom uCurCula, samgan gaqvs bi-nao, da dRemde daveZebT am `binebs~.

TviTon akakim brZana: ` ...… magram radgan poeti xar, unda iyo gamocanao~.me es gamocana ase amovxseni:Dda, ai, niavisgan miniSnebuli binebic:1. vardi – silamazis da siyvarulis simbolo. amis aRqma da SegrZneba

rom ar gvqondes, arc primitiuli suldgmuloba agvcdeboda. xom ipova, maS ratomRa da raRas daeZebs?

2. bulbuli – SeTxzvis, Semoqmedebis RvTaebrivi niWi, uromlisodac sicocxle blanti Waobi iqneboda.

3. varskvlavi – ocnebis deda.A arsebobs vinme, Tavi rom ar daviwyebia varskvlavebiT moWedil caSi xetialisas? uamisobas xom Sav miwaSi wola sjobia.

ivlisi 39

№ 7 2010

aqedan erT-erTic rom dakargo, xom iqvea sanimuSo erTgulebiT Casaf-rebuli apaTia da `gulamoskvnili~ tirili?

hoda, rogorc Cans, akakis cxovrebaSic iyo periodi, roca Tvlida, rom arsebobas azri ekargeboda da rogor gadaitanda amas pirovneba, romelsac erTi naTeli wami erCivna bnel, ugrZnobel saukunes (`rac ar iwvis, ar anaTebs~)?

`suliko~ ormocdaTxuTmeti wlis akakim dawera da amiT yvelaferi Tqva, – aRar gavSifrav, am asakis yoveli adamianisTvis isedac naTelia. `isev gamexsna sicocxleo~, brZana da swored amis Semdeg dawera mravali Sedevri da maTSi gansakuTrebulia poema `gamzrdeli~, romelic akakis irao-frazis gamo ise iolad ikiTxeba, rogorc aTaswleulebSi gamov-lili xalxuri sityvierebis nimuSi, sinamdvileSi ki rTulze urTulesia da msoflioSi arsebul poema-Sedevrebis rigSi – aucileblad erT-erTi pirveli Tavisi filosofiuri arsiT, iseve, rogorc leqsi `suliko~, rom-lis mimarTac interesi dRemde gaunelebelia.

ori demonis dueli(fiqrebi `gamzrdelze~)

`es is nawarmoebia, romelic ara mxolod agvirgvinebs akakis Semoqmede-bas, aramed axal perspeqtivebsac xsnis qarTuli realizmis mxatvruli evoluciis gzaze~ – aseTi sasiamovno WeSmariteba Tqva qarTuli kritikis raindma da inteleqtualma guram asaTianma.

swored amiT gaTamamebulma da frTaSesxmulma gadavwyvite sakuTari azri gamomeTqva am urTules poemaze.

Uukve Sors varT winaT skolebSi danergili komunisturi iluziebis-gan da viciT, rom ar arsebobs adamianSi mxolod sikeTe da arc mxolod boroteba. tatomac icoda lamis orasi wlis win, rodesac idumal xmas hkiTxa, angelozi xar CemSi Tu demonio, riTac daadastura ori sawyisis arseboba, romlebmac es epiTetebi adamianTan gamarjvebis Tu damarcxebis mixedviT SeiZines.

poemaSi, ra Tqma unda, erT-erTi mniSvnelovani frazaa `rTul cxovrebis uarmyofi~, romelic baTus dasaxasiaTebladaa gamoyenebuli. `rTuli cxovreba~ kargis gverdiT arsebuli Ralati, erTisgan meoris Seuracxyofa da, arc Tu iSviaTad, sicocxlis xelyofaa. Ees icis baTum, rac ar icis, imas xom ver uaryofs!

Aaxalgazrda afxazi sxeulsulianad mSvenier nazibrolasTan erTad casTan axlos dabinavda da amiT Tavis samyaroSi Seamcira demonis moq-medebis are. Ees ar qna unebisyofo safarma da vnaxoT ra gamovida aqedan.

iq mimsvlels, maSinac ki, roca cicabo gzas Tu biliks mze da mTva re dah qaTqaTebs, marjve Tvali da mtkice guli sWirdeba, cxeni-raSi ki – kldidan kldeze gadamfreni. am yvelafers srulad flobs baTu, rogorc namdvili Cubini.

xolo rodesac kunapeti sibnelea, kokispiruli wvima da mexTatexaa da `TviT eSmakic eZebs ZrwoliT TavSesafars~, aseT gzas rogori adami-ani daadgeba? Aaucilebelia keTili mamaci iyos da boroti – mSiSara? Tu dameTanxmebiT, rom es ase araa, gamodis, rom safarsac (ar memeteba, magram faqtia) ar aklia simamace. mSvidobianad Sedis facxaSi, xmac da Sexumrebac mSvidobiani aqvs da ar icis, rom TavSesafris ZrwoliT mZebneli eSmakic Tan Sehyva, romelic jerjerobiT dums, Sesaferis moments ucdis.

baTus cecxli ukve daunTia. ciTmowyvetili, iavardiani nazibrola su-fotoze akaki wereTeli

(korneli sanaZis naxati)

№ 7 2010

40 ivlisi

fras Slis. mis natif moZraobas eSmakic SeniSnavs da SemdegSi, misgan dam-arcxebul, qalTan pirispirdarCenil kacs, yovlad uwmawur azrebs utria-lebs TavSi.

Mmosvlis mizezi, cxenis moparva, stumrisgan ukve gamxelilia da Se-fasebulic: `...Tumc ki sxva dros ar ikadrebs, amas kaci Tavmomwone~. pa-suxic aseTia: `... vwuxvar, rom es saqme ukadrisi gikisria~.

erTi azris arian... brZeni ZiZiSvili moZRvravs batoniSvils (safari xom begia, glexis

ojaxSi gaZiZavebuli), Tumca udreki da mamaci xar, aqaurobas radgan ar icnob, sifrTxile ar geqneba Sesaferisi, `SiSi sxvaa, sifrTxile sxva, ise rogorc sxvadasxvaa RvTis wyaloba da RvTis risxvao~. RvTis risxva – SiSi, RvTis wyaloba – sifrTxile.

stumari cxenis patrons ase axasiaTebs: `vaJkacia Tvaltanadi, cxenos-ani uebari~, `biWobiT da silamaziT qalebic ki gadaria~. metoqis siamayes-ac ki usvams xazs da amiT mis upiratesobas aRiarebs. momxibvlelma ziam icis, `rom sxvasaviT imas is ver imsaxurebso~. am SesaSuri uSurvelobiT yvela qalis saocnebo rainds xatavs da arcerT uaryofiT sityvas ar am-bobs Tavisi ganzraxvis gasamarTleblad. zia-xanumi erTi ubralo qalia, romelsac TayvanismcemelTa damcireba arTobs, mas mxolod daumor-Cilebeli inalifa ainteresebs da sxva aravin... `mec momxibla jadosanma, damamarcxa, damimona da Tu qali majobebda, ar vfiqrobdi, ar megonao~, – uyveba maspinZels.

safari Sejibrebis JiniT aris Sepyrobili da ara siyvarulis jadoTi, is almasxitsa da zias Soris brZolis ugunuri msxverpli gamxdara. Aarc isea `savse grZnobiT~, rom Tavis an sxvis arsebobas safrTxe Seuqmnas da metoqes, Tundac raime mizeziT, pirispir Seebas.

baTus ki aseTi siyvaruli swams: `mis ocnebas, mis gulisTqmas unda mi-hyve, daemono, gind sicocxle Seni tkbili, mware sikvdils Seuwono~.

da baTu ZiZiSvilis magivrad midis cxenis mosaparad.da baTu brundeba lurji lafSiT.imis gamo, rac Sin daxvda, risxva mkvdars gaacocxlebda. baTu didxans

iyo retdasxmuli, nazibrolas tanjva-wamebas uyurebda da albaT aTas-nair Surisgebas gegmavda.

iqneb gabrazdnen qalebi, magram mainc vambob: zogi ar etyoda qmars, im-itom, rom ar etyoda, zogi imitom ar gaumxelda, rom SeeSindeboda. zogi – sayvareli adamianis dakargvis eWviT daimarxavda momxdars gulSi. sxva zogTa Sorisaa nazibrola, romelic, Tundac yvelaze cud dasasrulSi darwmunebuli, `cis da miwis Suamavlad~ miCneul qmars sicruesa da Ra-lats ver akadrebda. safarisTvis arTqma iyo namusis Senaxva, nazibrolas-Tvis – Tqma! Aam yvelafers xom baTuc ifiqrebda, ̀ rTul cxovrebis uarmyo-fi~; ifiqra da kidec miiRo kacuri gadawyvetileba colis mimarT, magram, iakob xucess davesesxebi, radgan `eSmaki Txrida mis guls~, ase ver moiqca safarTan. apirebda ki: `…... dReidan Cven ors Sua mociquli aris tyviao~, mere gadaifiqra, ver mogklav, dedaCemis gazrdili xaro.

mkvdrisferdadebuli, gaqvavebuli, Tavisi nebiT tyviaze mkerd mi-Sverili safari exveweba: `Cem sicocxles sikv di li jobs, momkal, tanjuls ram miSvele, mazRvevine...~

Zi Zi S vilma ubrZana: amisrule ueWvelad, wadi Sens moZRvarTan da mouyevi ra sircxvilic dagemarTa, `pasuxs misgan movelioO~. iqneb amiT niSns ugebs haji-usubs – ai, esec Seni gazrdilio! sakiTxavia, safaris cocxlad datoveba visTvis iyo SeRavaTi – misTvis? nazibrolasTvis? safarisTvis? Ggana momxdarze asjer ufro mtkivneuli ar aris cocxlad egulebodeT adamiani, vinc maTi siyvaruli, Zalian rbilad rom vTqva,

fotoze akaki wereTlis

biusti (moqandake

iakob nikolaZe)

ivlisi 41

№ 7 2010

Seuracxyo? safari uyoymanod emorCileba, arc ufiqria gzidan gadaex-via, sadme gaqceuliyo, midis masTan, vis gareSec `Wiri, lxini ar iqneba~. Tavdaxrili da daTrgunuli miuyveba codvabralian gzas.G

rogor aRar hgavs axla es naZirala Tavis Tavs…... `arc gvariT, arc vaJkacobiT, arc simdidriT, arc qonebiT, haji-usub

cnobilia mxolod WkuiT da gonebiT~. Ees arc…... arc…... aucileblad aris im Sinaarsis damtevi, rom Tumca gvaric kargi aqvs, simdidrec da vaJkacobac (sxva SemTxvevaSi Tavadebi Svilebs ar miabarebdnen, Tan hajic iyo, – meqa-Si namyofi, laCari da Rataki iq ver wavidoda), magram saxelmoxveWili da cnobili mxolod WkuiTa da gonebiT aris, rogorc yvela didi pirovneba. safari uyveba gamzrdels `uneburad rac SeemTxva~. cisa da qveynis mnax-velma `sidiade am muxTlobis Tvalwin gaisigrZegana~ da bolo wuTs, mor-CilebiT Tavdaxril da sikvdilisTvis mzadmyofi gazrdilis nacvlad TviTon miiWeda safeTqelSi cxeli tyvia. baTum miiRo pasuxi, romelic, Tu vinmem ar icoda, es iyo safari.

sxva mravali sakiTxis gverdiT, mudam sakamaTo iqneba – TviTmkvlelo-ba vaJkacobaa Tu laCroba, magram am SemTxvevaSi axalgazrdis dandoba da moxucis gawirva, laCrobas raRac ar hgavs. ise, am pasuxiT gamzrdelmac metismetad mkacri sasjeli daakisra gazrdils.

Ggatyda baTu, masac ajoba demonma da Tanac rogor – yvelaze tragi-kuli finaliT, razedac Tu vinme msubuqad mainc ieWvebda, baTu unda yo-filiyo. Mam Tavsdatexil ubedurebaSi sruliad udanaSaulo adamiani Cai-Tria da ratomRac ar ifiqra, rom aRzrda yvelaferi ar aris, ̀ Tu bunebamc ar uSvela~. TiTqos erTi medlis or mxaresTan gvaqvs saqme: erTi sufTaa, meore – SebRaluli da mere ra? erTis aqtiurma demonma duelSi gamoiwvia meoris mTvlemare demoni da miaRebina kidec saSineli gadawyvetileba, – kuTvnili tyviis nacvlad, mTeli sicocxlis manZilze saaqao jojoxeTis mduRare kuprSi kvnesa. rogorc Cans, es is SemTxvevaa, roca sasjeli dana-Sauls aRemateba. Ges araadamianurad sastiki ganaCeni am oTxidan visTvis iyo saSveli? Aarc erTisTvis! Aaris zogi Secodeba, Sendoba rom ar uxerx-debao, Tqva baTum da aki arc Seundo. Sendoba, am SemTxvevaSi, tyvia iqne-boda, miT ufro, rom, gavimeoreb, ukve naTqvami hqonda, `...dReidan Cven or Sua, mociquli aris tyviao~…. Mmxolod poemis farglebSi vfiqrob ase, Torem WkuaTmyofeli vin gaixarebs Tundac raime suldgmulis sikvdil-iT. gamodis, cis maxloblad ki ara, cas rom gascdes kaci, amiT sakuTar de-mons sabolood da samudamod albaT ver Camoicilebs, miZinebuli ki, roca iqneba, aucileblad gaiRviZebs da swored maSin aris saWiro Tavganwiruli brZola masze gasamarjveblad.

Aarada, Zalian codoa cocxladdarCenili safari…...da Sedegis gamo pasuxi mxolod erTs moeTxoveba?

* * *iseTma cnobilma pirovnebam da fasdaudebelma literatorma, rogor-

ic batoni akaki baqraZe iyo, Tqva:`kritikas maSin aqvs fasi, Tu kritikosma mxatvrul nawarmoebSi

waikiTxa is, rac sxvam ver waikiTxa. Eeg sul erTia, uaryofiTi Tvalsaz-risiT iqneba wakiTxuli Tu dadebiTiT, imitom, rom kritikam sxva Janris nawarmoebs, romelsac igi ganixilavs, raRac unda Sematos~. pretenzia ara maqvs rames an vinmes raRac Sevmato, miT ufro genialur akakis. es yvelaferi ase vifiqre da, Tundac erTi adamiani dameTanxmos, sananeblad ar meqneba Cemi azris gamomzeureba am urTules poemasa da leqsze.

fotoze akaki wereTlis

`gamzrdelis~ axali

gamocema qarTul da

afxazur enebze

(artanuji, 2008)

№ 7 2010

42 ivlisi

nino xoferia

aristokratiuli saga

drois distancia aristokratiis cnebas oden sityvis sazRvrebSi aqcevs. mis socialur Tu pirovnul statuss ki paradigmul da, ro-gorc yovelives, warsulSi arse-buls, inerciulad nostalgiuri intonaciiT warmogvidgens.

aristokratia, rogorc araerT-mniSvnelovani cneba da rTuli metafizikuri movlena, Sesabamis-ad araerTmniSvnelovan ganmarte-bas gulisxmobs...

gasuli saukunis dasawyisSi, fa-seulobaTa stiqiuri gadafasebis Semdeg, roca sazogadoebis es fena mxolod socialuri statusiT ga-nixileboda, Camoyalibda azri, rom istoriuli aristokratia apriorulad ar niSnavs `saukeTe-sos~ an `keTilSobils~.

sayovelTao Zaladobis da uar-yofis fonze, epoqis maxasiaTebel niSnebTan erTad, sxva diferen-ciac gaCnda: aristokratia – so-cialuri gagebiT da aristokratia – sulieri gagebiT.

Tu ramdenad gulisxmobs aris-tokratiis socialuri statusi, anu STamomavlobiTi faqtori, adamianTa pirovnul Tvisebebs, Tundac, TvisobriobaTa maRal xarisxs, amis Sesaxeb sxvadasxva tipis literaturasa Tu saarqivo dokumentebSi sxvadasxvagvaradaa miniSnebuli, rac kidev erTxel gvarwmunebs, rom SeuZlebelia konkretuli cnebiTi niSnis, Tun-dac istoriulad kristalizire-bulis, upirobo ganzogadeba.

aristokratiis nikolai ber di a-eviseuli ganmarteba, rome lic ru -suli filosofiisa da yo fis wi aRSi iSva, aristokratizms personaliz-misgan radikalurad mijnavs, ro-gorc individualur-pirovnuls STa momavlobiT – kasturisgan. iqve mo cemulia Tvalsazrisi, rom aris-tokratias Zalian uZneldeba axlo-

bluri (sakuTari donis simaRlis gaTvaliswinebiT) urTierToba sxva wris adamianebTan, rac vfiqrobT, nawilobriv mainc, gansxvavdeba qa-rTuli istoriuli sinamdvilisgan, Tundac, e.w. ZiZiSvilobis insti-tutis magaliTiT, roca maRali war-momavlobis ojaxi sakuTar pirmSos socialurad dabali wris ojaxs an-dobda aRsazrdelad da emociurad viTardeboda maTi axloblobis, da-naTesavebis, erTgulebis gamoxat-ulebis araCveulebrivi formebi...

da mainc, realurad arsebobs da istoriis kulisebsa da kuluareb-Si TamaSdeba aristokratiisa da plebosis dapirispireba.

aristokratia, nebismieri gziT da saSualebiT ar miemarTeba mizni-sken, ar miiltvis maRla. garegnu-lad mainc inarCunebs etikets, gne-bavT, pozas, rom am tipis brZola araaristokratiulia, radgan is-edac garkveul simaRleze grZnobs Tavs maSinac ki, roca socialuri niadagi sruliad gamoclili aqvs.

misi kasturi Caketiloba erTgva-ri Tavdacvis saSualebacaa, izo-lirebaa maTgan, vinc iolad xel-hyofs sxvaTa Rirsebas...

* * *gustav floberis prototipi

(`bovari me var...~) nazad iRebs xel-Si `lamazad dakazmul, satinisyd-ian wigns~ da umetesad warCinebul-Ta gvarebs akvirdeba... `caxcaxiT Seuberavda suls graviuraze da-farebul Txel qaRalds, odnav rom wamoiSleboda da mere nazad isev graviuras daecemoda... aivnis moajirTan, mokle mantoSi gax-veuli yma gulSi ixutebda TeTrad Cacmul qalwuls... an kidev, es iyo qerakululebiani, ingliseli uc-nobi ledi, Wilis mrgvali qudiT daCrdiluli, didroni, naTeli TvalebiT rom Semogvcqeroda...~.

ivlisi 43

№ 7 2010

ema bovari, erT Cveulebriv dRes, uamrav vercxlis fuls urigebs maTxovrebs. misgan amgvari wyalo-ba fsevdoaristokratiul, saval-debulo Jests ufro emsgavseba, vidre dabali wrisadmi TanagrZno-bas, rasac mwerali Taviseburad ganmartavs: `Tumca, Sembrale ar iyo, rogorc glexobidan warmomd-garTa umetesoba, romelsac gulSi raRac uZevs mama-papaTa dakoJri-li xelebis sisastikisa~...

istoriulad, igive frangul sinamdvileSi, uamravi mona gaxl-daT ganTavisuflebuli, magram bunebrivia, ganTavisuflebulni ar iyvnen miRebulni, rogorc Tanasworni...

paraleli isev qarTuli qroniki-dan:

is Tavadaznaurobam airCia, ma-gram saxelmwifo saTaTbiroze mTeli qarTveli xalxis saxeliT ilaparakebs, vinaidan Tavadac nawilia mTelisa – pozicia Tavi-danve ase gansazRvra ilia WavWava-Zem. man saqarTvelos damoukide-blobis ideasTan erTad pirvelma Camoayaliba socialuri erTobis Tema.

`mose, – wers ilia Tavis mouravs, mose memarniSvils, – mand, sagu-ramoSi, jari movida... Tavadazn-auroba cdilobs jarebis miseva rogorme aacdinos glexobas... Tu vinicobaa, maSinve faetoni ga-momigzavne, me TviTon amoval da me TviTon vTxov ufross, xalxi tyuil-ubralod ar gaafuWon...~

saiubileo milocvaSi, romelsac 78 odeseli qarTveli muSa aw-ers xels, mwerals da sazogado moRvawes, Tavad ilia WavWavaZes `SenobiT~ mimarTaven. es `Sen~ ar gaxlavT familarobis gamomxatve-li niSani, aramed axloblobis, zRvardaudeblobis, `Tavisianad~ aRiarebis gamomxatveli formaa:

`tvirTmZimeni da maSvralni~ gigzavniT Cvens uRrmes madlobas im TanagrZnobisaTvis, romliTac ganm sWvalulni arian Seni qmnile-bani. Sen gvamxneveb, gviZliereb ada-mianur Tavmoyvareobas da suliT gvamaRleb mowamlul garemoze. Seni nawerebiT kars gviReb Cven,

gadmokargulT, danarCen qarTvel-Ta krebulisagan, gvagrZnobineb Cvens qarTvelobas, gvacnob saqa-rTvelos warsuls da awmyos, gvay-vareb mas da amiT ixsni bevr Cvengans daRupvisagan~...

1965 wels, parizTan axlos mde-bare qalaq isi le mulinoSi (saf-rangeTi) gamomavali frangule-novani gazeTi `la nasion JorJien~ (redaqtori m. kerueli) kavkasiis xalxTa istoriul genotips da fsiqologias politikuri aqcen-tebiT ganixilavs. Tvlis, rom saqa-rTvelos glexobas `ruseTisgan okupaciamde ar ugrZvnia mebato-neTa Zalian mZime uReli da Tavi-suflebis gansakuTrebuli Sez-Rudva~...

da mainc, miuxedavad analogiuri magaliTebisa, aristokratiis Cam-oyalibebis da ganviTarebis pro-cesebi cxadyofen, rom distancia faqtobrivad ase Tu ise arsebobs, anu ufro maRali kulturuli done, ufro daxvewili manerebi, didsulovneba, keTilSobiluri aRzrda, rac e. w. sisxlis fatal-urobiT (aleqsandre bloki) aris safuZvelSive mocemuli.

* * *grigol robaqiZis romanSi `gve-

lis perangi~ gaingliselebuli qarTveli aristokrati arCibald mekeSi (mayaSvili) evropidan saqa-rTvelosken moemgzavreba. is ar kargavs, piriqiT, samudamod itovebs, iTavisebs evropul Rire-bulebebs.

sisxlis informacias is sam-SobloSi Camohyavs da sakuTar aristokratiul, patriarqalur warsulSi dabruneba siamayis, gamorCeulobis gancdas uRviZebs.

ambobs: `CemSi yvelaze xmamaRla sisxli metyvelebs... sisxlSi didi misteriaa... sisxli amoZravebs mTe-li msoflios majiscemas. sisxli akavSirebs. sisxli TiSavs...~

gza, romelsac arCibald mekeSi inglisidan saqarTveloSi (dasav-leTidan aRmosavleTSi) mihyavs, mravali simboloTia datvirTuli da aRiqmeba, rogorc dinamiuri modeli, sadac erTmaneTs xvdebian

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44 ivlisi

apolonuri da dionisuri Zalebi. `uZRebi Svilis dabrunebis~ ale-goriiT, arCibald mekeSi sakuTar sisxls mamiseuli (winaprebis) modgmis statuss ubrunebs, radgan `sisxli yovel sabuTze ukeTesia~... (gr. robaqiZe).

* * *Zveli qarTuli aristokratiis

erT-erTi ukanaskneli warmomad-geneli qalbatoni babo dadiani Ta-visive cxovrebis wesiT ganmartav-da, rom amqveyniuri arsebobis Tvis miniWebul dros damajereblo bas warsulisadmi damokidebuleba ani Webs.

igi sionis taZarSi muxlmodrekiT idga maSinac, roca epoqaTa mijnaze, omebisa da revoluciebis tlanqi zemoqmedebiT, warsulisadmi anu droSi gamocdili faseulobebisad-mi, uCveulo gulgrilobas gamoxat-avdnen.

analogiuri mkacri xana evro-pul cnobierebaSi `krizisis~ sax-eliTaa Sefasebuli, upirvelesad, `evropuli elitis gaJletis~ gamo (pol valeri)... magram sayovelTao sasowarkveTilebis Jams evropis uecari gamofxizleba daiwyo. war-sulis teritoriebidan gamoixmes TavianTi wmindanebi, erovnuli gmirebi, aristokratebi, nacio-naluri poetebi Tu winaswarme-tyvelebi... gansakuTrebuli dain-tereseba daiwyo genotipebiT da genetizmiT, rac sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis TiTqmis arqeologiur Seswavlas gulisxmobda.

`axali drois yvelaze aSkara msxverpli es gaxlavT aristokra-tia – TanagrZnobis namdvili gamoxatulebiT werda pol valeri, – gansakuTrebiT ki franguli aristokratia, daqveiTebuli, daq-ceuli, damdablebuli riSelies mier, damonebuli lui meToTx-metes mier, garxwnili regentis mier, TavmokveTili, gandevnili revoluciis mier, angarebiani qor-winebiT pativayrili, gayiduli... aRaraferi saxelis garda... aRarc Zalaufleba, aRarc avladideba... da Zalian cota sisxli...~

aleqsandre pirvelisagan bo-

Zebuli instruqcia acnobebda pe terburgs, rom saWiro iyo qa-rTvelTa mefis da mefis ojaxis izolacia saqarTvelodan. ruseT-ma bagrationebs arsebobis eko-nomikuri baza gamoacala. odesRac suverenobaze meocnebeni saso-warkveTilebaSi vardebodnen...

eqvTime TayaiSvils krebulSi `saqarTvelos siZve leni~ dabeW-dili aqvs is masalebic, romelic erekle mefis STamomavlebis uki-duresad umweo mdgomareobas ga-mo xatavs. erT-erT baraTSi mefis asul mariamis Txovnaa, naTesavi qalisadmi miwerili: `...vici mwya-lobeli brZandebi da amisTvis vi-kadniere moxseneba. viTxov, cota brinji miboZoT Tavisi erboTi, egebis mec magieri samsaxuri Sevi-Zlo~...

qarTveli aristokratebi, evro-pelebisagan gansxvavebiT, samSob-los dakargvis SiSiT SeZrwune-buli sazogadoebaa, magram maT socialur statuss TiTqmis yov-elTvis sakuTari qveynis mtris wi-naSe loialoba gansazRvravda.

saqarTveloSi samefo taxtis ga-u qmebis Semdeg Camoyalibda gar-kveuli tipis msoflmxedveloba, roca qarTuli nacionalizmis ideis paralelurad ruseTis im-peratoris erTgulebasac gamox-atavdnen. am pirovnebaTa Soris akaki baqraZe cnobil sazogado moRvawes, tragikuli bedis perso-nas – dimitri yifians moixseniebs (`erovnebiT qarTveli, profesiiT – rusi moxele~).

Tuki konkretuli magaliTs gan-vazogadebT, rac ar unda paradoq-sulad mogveCvenos, saqarTveloSi feodalizmis krizisTan erTad gaCnda e.w. msaxuri aristokratiis tipic...

maSinac ki, roca evropis aris-tokratia, rogorc socialuri struqtura da rogorc iuridi-ulad gaformebuli klasi, Zvele-burad aRar arsebobda, `keTil-Sobilis~ eqvivalenti arasodes daukargavs. droTa ganmavlobaSi maTi privilegiebis reabilitaci-ac daiwyo.

evropisgan gansxvavebiT, sab-

fotoze

aleqsandre ioseliani,

mamia gurieli, giorgi

SarvaSiZe

ivlisi 45

№ 7 2010

WoTa realoba, Zaladobrivi, anti-istoriuli daskvnebiT, warsuls, upirvelesad ki aristokratiis an-tikur da Suasaukuneobriv gagebas (RirseulTa mmarTvelobas) sasti-kad daupirispirda.

garda STamomavlobiTi titule-bisa da qonebisa, aristokratia qcevisa da moralis garkveul nor-mebs da Sesabamisad, avtoritets flobda. `keTilSobilTan~ erTad sityvebi: `mxedari~, `mxedruli Rir seba~, `siamaye~, `mxedruli aR zrda~, `darbaiseli~ da sxv. am wri dan gamosul adamianebTan aso-cirdeboda. gansakuTrebuli dat-virTva SeiZina sityvam `mxedari~.

gaCnda sityvaTa SeTanxmeba `Ta-visufleba aristokratiulia~.

warsulis sxva RirebulebebTan erTad, am wris mospobas da asi-milirebas (rac yvela SemTxvevaSi identuria), sabWoTa oficialuri struqturebis ara erTi meqanizmi anxorcielebda. iqmneboda axa-li ter mi nologia iseve, rogorc postre voluciuri adamianis ax-ali, warsulis uarmyofeli tipi, `axali ideebiT~ da qcevisa da moralis gansxvavebuli normebiT.

vinaidan aristokratia, rogorc klasi, erTgvari Caketili wrea, gasabWoebis Semdgom is veRar axerxebda daculad, Tavdapirve-li simyariT egrZno da odindeli RirsebiT Seenaxa Tavi.

axal pirobebTan Seguebis fonze daiwyo maTi integracia – aris-tokratiis inteligenciaSi ga-dasvlis procesi. didi nawili in-teleqtualur elitaSi aRmoCnda maSin, roca maT winaaRmdeg sabWo-Ta oficiozis brZola kidev ufro gamwvavda.

vinaidan WeSmariti inteligen-tizmi, aristokratizmis msgavsad, socialuri niSnidan pirovnulSi gadadis, am wris adamianTa reaqcia arsebulisadmi, protestis Sina-gani Tu deklarirebuli formiT, mravaljer gamoixata. paralelu-rad xelisuflebam daiwyo maTi sazogadoebisgan izolirebis mcd-eloba represiebiT, dapatimre-bebiT, sisxlisRvriT, Zaladobis ukiduresi saSualebebiT.

* * *xorxe luis borxesi ganmartavs:

`aRorZinebis xanaSi kacobriobas miaCnda, rom mowifulobis asaks miaRwia. me-XVII saukuneSi ki igi si-beris SegrZnebam SeaSina. epoqaSi, romelic jer kidev aRorZinebis SuqiT iyo ganaTebuli, adamianebma igrZnes, rom drosa da sivrceSi arian dakargulni...~

usasrulo Sedegebis usasrulo mizezTa mxolod analizi mar-toobisgan Tu gaucxoebisgan vera-vis ixsnida.

`Cemi samoqmedo asparezi droa~ – sakuTari droebis saxeliT ambobs goeTe da XIX saukunis, rogorc Tvisobrivad axali epoqis, su-liskveTebas gamoxatavs. es imasac niSnavda, rom gasulma saukuneebma faseulobaTa Skala dagvanaxa da arCevani, rogorc aseTi, ukve mo-cemuli iyo.

XIX saukunis dasasrulis da XX saukunis dasawyisis procesebis Se-Zlebisdagvarad obieqturi kvleva postsabWoTa istoriografiaSi daiwyo. saqarTvelos istoriisT-vis es aris erTgvarad gardamavali xana (aristokratiis Tu WeSmariti inteligenciis devna, politikuri emigracia, represiebi... Rirebule-baTa gadafasebis da axleburad saxeldebis dro)...

qalbaton babo dadianis saojaxo arqivSi, romelsac, moculobis da masStabis gaTvaliswinebiT, albaT ufro ikonoTeka unda vuwodoT, saukunis mijnaze mcxovrebi, sx-vadasxva TvalsazrisiT, mniSvne-lovani pirovnebebis portrete-bia warmodgenili. Tuki adamianis saxe da Tvalebi marTlac sarkea misive sulisa, fotoebze maT su-lier biografiasac amovikiTxavT da im epoqis sulsac, romelic am sazogadoebam Seqmna.

qalbaton babos sicocxleSi ga-mar Tul aristokratTa galeri is gamofenebs swored misi Tandas-wreba aniWebda unikalurobas. gi -dobasac Tavad swevda. damTvali-erebelTa ganuwyveteli nakadi ar Rlida.

`uzarmazari pativi damdo qal-batonma babom, Tavad wamZRolo-

fotoze

telemaq gurieli

№ 7 2010

46 ivlisi

da gamofenis dasaTvaliereblad. ga xa rebuli var. gaxarebuli da aRelvebuli...~ – Cauweria STabe-WdilebaTa wignSi mweral rezo inaniSvils...

wlebis Semdeg, personaliebze dakvirvebiT, cdiloben epoqalur kiTxvebs gascen pasuxi. ra kavSir-Sia erTmaneTTan sulierebisa da materialuri arsebobis kanonebi? socialuri, politikuri da kul-turuli cvlilebebis dros, roca mudmivi Seusabamobaa sityvebsa da movlenebs Soris, konkretuli garemos ieri adamianebze ise, ro-gorc sagnebze, sxvadasxva kvals stovebs. gacrecil fotoze Se-Cerebuli wami swored im mara-diulobas gamoxatavs, romelic pirovnebaTa sulierebiT Tu maTive cnobierebis niSniTaa aRbe-Wdili....

* * *1998 wlis oqtomberSi saqarT-

velos kaTalikos-patriarqma, uw mindesma da unetaresma ilia II-m, sakvirao qadagebaSi, Tavisi erTi mrevlTagani, sakuTari aris-tokratiuli warmomavlobisa da sam Soblos erTgulebisTvis rep-resirebuli qalbatoni moixse-nia: `me vicnob erT adamians. is 95 wlisaa da rodesac masTan mqonia saubari, ambobs xolme, rom guSin-deli dRe hgonia Tavisi axalgazr-doba. Tqven icnobT mas. es gaxlavT qalbatoni babo dadiani, Zalian keTili pirovneba, romelmac Za-lian mZime jvari atara. igi or-jer iyo gadasaxlebuli, mTeli ojaxiT, arafris gamo da rodesac me vkiTxe, im gadasaxlebaSi rogor cxovrobdiT-meTqi, mipasuxa, rom cxovrobdnen erT patara oTaxSi, misi adgili iyo magidis qveS da Tqven warmoidgineT, ai, am tanjul-ma adamianma, mravali gansacdelis miuxedavad, mainc Rirseulad at-ara Tavisi jvari, ar dakarga arc rwmena, arc siyvaruli RvTisa da moyvasis. miuxedavad imisa, rom bolo wlebSi veRar dadis wirva-locvaze, is mainc cdilobs akeTos sikeTe, ilocos da imoRvaweos sam-SoblosaTvis...~

erTi wlis Semdegac, ukve janmr-TelobaSeryeul qalbaton babos, `barbarobas~ miulocavs saqarT-velos patriarqi da qvemoT siyvar-uliT miawers – `qalbatono babo, sions Zalian aklia Tqveni Tavi~...

sololakis ubanSi, patara, ufan-jrebo binaSi, kedlebze, magidasa Tu taxtis qveS, Zvel sakvoiaJebsa da CemodnebSi Calagebuli isto-riuli relikviebi – aTeuli wlebis manZilze tabudadebul pirovne-baTa saojaxo fotoebi, episto-laruli memkvidreoba Tu calkeu-li, TvalismomWreli portretebi, albaT ufro WaRebiT ganaTebuli, salonuri darbazebisTvisaa gan-kuTvnili... isini, qarTveli aris-tokratebi, socialuri kuTvnile-biT Tu fsiqologiiT, sulieri wyobiT Tu azrovnebis wesiT, gene-tikur srulyofilebamde misuli qarTuli jiSis ukanaskneli warmo-madgenlebi aRmoCndnen... Tumca, vin icis, ganmeoradobis diadi kanonis Tanaxmad, `rac iyo, igive iqneba~.

qalbatoni babo, did Tu patara auditoriaSi, pirad saubrebsa Tu werilebSi, dauRalavad ganmar-tavda, rom am pirovnebaTa ad-gili maRal sazogadoebaSi ara mxolod warmomavlobiT iyo gan-pirobebuli, aramed urTierTo-bis stiliT, keTilSobilebiT, maRali idealebisadmi erTgule-biT. swuxda, rom Zalian Seicvala qarTvelebis cxovrebis wesi, rom dRes veRar axerxeben usaxur yo-faze maRla dgomas. gviambobda maTi biografiis detalebs: `sadRa naxavT imgvar iers da stils, rac asrerigad amSvenebdao telemaq gu-riels, giorgi SarvaSiZes, jansuR da TaTarxan dadeSqelianebs, ni-ko bagration-muxranskis, qaquca ColoyaSvils, gogita faRavas, dimitri amilaxvars...~ Tavis su-lier moZRvarTan xSirad gamox-atavda amgvar wuxils, gamudmebiT loculobda maT sulebze...

cnobilia, rom proletaria tis, muSaTa da glexTa saxelmwifom aristokratebi klasobriv mtre-bad gamoacxada.

didi istoriuli dramis es per-sonaJebi, `qarTuli raindobis mim-

fotoze

babo dadiani

ivlisi 47

№ 7 2010

wuxris Svilebi~, patriarqaluri ojaxebis simyudroveSi Tu brZo-lis velze, aSkarad grZnobdnen maTTvis arasasurveli droebis moaxlovebas...

* * *1863 wlis gazeTi `kavkazi~ iu-

wyeboda, rom XIX saukunis or-mocian wlebSi, mas Semdeg, rac dagerotipis Seqmnidan sul Tx-uTmetiode weli gavida, TbilisSi moRvaweobdnen fotografiuli xe lovnebis msoflioSi ganTqmuli ostatebi: kerneri, barti, konra-di, gaupti...

pirveli mniSvnelovani foto-ga -mofena, Tbilisis kavkasiis mu ze umSi, 1867 wlis 2 ianvars gaimarTa. saqa-rTvelos da qarTul ti paJebs war-moadgendnen ukve `Tbi liselebad~ monaTluli ucxoeli fotografebi: golSteini, l. dubeliri, e. veste-li da sxv.

Tbilisis foto-salonebSi arCe-vanis saSualeba gaCnda, anu visTan, rogor, ra fonze da romeli foto-grafis reJisuriT gadaeRoT su-raTebi.

fotogadaRebebma erTgvari ri-tu a luri xasiaTic miiRo, roca sazeimod gamowyobili qarTve-loba, ojaxis wevrebTan erTad, saTanado pozirebiT, TiTqmis Teatralizebulad afiqsirebda sakuTar Tavs.

fotogadaReba rom aristokrat-Ta wreSi arcTu umniSvnelo mov-lenad iTvleboda, amaze ilia WavWavaZis baraTic mowmobs – mo-mavali meuRlisadmi, Tavad Tad-eoz guramiSvilis qaliSvilisadmi gagzavnili: `oloko, Seni suraTe-bi miviRe, gadasayrelia. Sen ki marwmunebdi, kargad var gamosu-lio. rogor SeiZleba vestelTan suraTis gadaReba? ici, ras gety-

vi? Tuki damijereb, Sen SegiZlia kargi suraTebi SeiZino ranesagan. wamohyvebi trotuars, marjvniv, pirvel alayafSi Sexval. mere iare pirdapir da dubileris foto-grafiis kars miadgebi... Sen naxav, rogori portreti gamova~...

dubileris Tu dubeliris (p. in-goroyva) gvari, ukve sxva konteqst-Si, qarTuli literaturis isto-riis erT Zalian sevdian furcels ukavSirdeba: maRali aristokra-tiuli gvaris – baraTaSvilebis saojaxo albomebSi didxans eZe-bes, magram ver miagnes jer kidev auRiarebeli poetis, nikoloz baraTaSvilis foto. sabolood erTaderTi da ukanaskneli sura-Ti-dagerotipi dasTan, nino bara-TaSvilTan aRmoCnda, romelmac is ilia WavWavaZes,nikoloz bara-TaSvilis leqsebis pirvel gamom-cemels, aTxova. Tanamedroveni igoneben,rom misi poeziiT aRta-cebuli ilia `bodavda baraTaS-viliT...~ Tumca,aqac fatalizmi an iqneb qarTuli xasiaTi TamaSobs sabediswero rols. SegviZlia warmovidginoT,Tu rogor mimn-dobad iRebs gulis jibidan ilia baraTaSvilis fotos, poetis gamo-saxulebis erTaderT fotodedans da aslis gadasaRebad, misi azriT, yvelaze karg fotografTan mi-aqvs. Iigi,ra Tqma unda, ar fiqrobs arasasurvel SemTxveviTobaze da fotografs, SeTanxmebisamebr, ba-ra TSvilis fotos dilamde uto-vebs... im Rames dubileris ate-lieSi xanZari gaCnda, yvelaferTan erTad, nikoloz baraTaSvilis is ukanaskneli fotosuraTic ganad-gurda da dRemde, qarTvelebi-sTvis esoden Zvirfasi poetis garegnoba mxolod mkiTxvelis war mosaxvas aris mindobili....

dasasruli Semdeg nomerSi

fotoze

babo dadiani saqarTvelos

kaTolikos-patriarqTan,

ilia meoresTan erTad

№ 7 2010

48 ivlisi

problema

lali avaliani

gadarCenis rwmeniTa da imediTmeoce saukunis qarTuli mwerlobis gamo

sxvaTaSoris, Cven Tu gadagvarCens, mxolod ganuwyveteli brZola gadarCe-

nisaTvis. sakmarisia davmSviddeT, davdumdeT,

ise gaviTqvifebiT droJamis dinebaSi, verc ki SevamCnevT.

oTar WilaZe, 1994 w.

garduvali globalizaciis karibWesTan vdgavarT. amaze arcvin davobs. Cvenebr patara qveynisaTvis globalizacia orsaxiani ianusiviT aris, erTi qarTuli andazisa ar iyos, is kidec agvaSenebs da kidec dag-vamxobs. saocnebo evropeizaciisadmi swrafvac ufro sxvagvarad war-mogvedgina: Tavad evropas uWirs dRes globalizaciis (amerikanizaciis) lavasTan gamklaveba.

qarTuli msoflaRqma SeuTavsebelia sakuTar naWuWSi gamomwyvdevas-Tan. qarTvelobas, mdgrad kulturul mexsierebasTan erTad, uxvad aqvs momadlebuli siaxlis wyurvili, `marad dabrunebasa~ da fesvebis Zie-basTan erTad, – novaciaTa mZafri moTxovnileba. Zvelad, roca msofli-os bevr qveyanas karCaketiloba xsnad miaCnda, inteleqtualuri saqa-rTvelo Tvalsawiers ifarToebda da sasuliero-mwignobrul kerebs ucxoeTSic aarsebda.

moyvrad mosuli mtris oraswlovanma batonobam paradoqsuli nayofi gamoiRo: rusifikatorulma politikam Cvens mwerlobas winaaRmdegobi-sa da erovnuli meobis SenarCunebis survili gaumZafra. mefis ruseTis `samarTalmemkvidrem~ sabWoTa kavSirma velikoderJavnikuli politika kidev ufro maxinji da ulmobeli meTodebiT ganavrco; mwerlobam ama-sac gauZlo, rasakvirvelia, didi ZalisxmeviTa da didi danakargiT.

`gadarCenisaTvis ganuwyveteli brZolis~ mewinaveoba 19-e saukunis did samocianelTa xeldasxmiT, qarTulma mwerlobam itvirTa. am mxriv arc 20-e saukunis literaturas Seurcxvenia Tavi (dasabamidan 90-iani wlebis CaTvliT).

erovnuli Cagvris, totalitaruli reJimisa Tu umkacresi repre-siebis miuxedavad, aw ukve istoriis kuTvnilebad qceuli 20-e saukunis qarTuli literatura Cveni TxuTmetsaukunovani mwerlobis Rirseuli gagrZelebaa. Tumca, dRevandeli gadasaxedidan, mas aSkarad ar gaumarT-la. televiziiT Sevityve, rom oqsfordSi erTi ucxoeli mkvlevari dis-ertacias icavs quTaiseli kanonieri qurdebis istoriaze! am dros Cven 20-e saukunis srulyofili literaturis istoriac ki ar gvaqvs.

21-e saukuneSi, saqarTvelos damoukideblobis meoce wlisTavze unda vaRiaroT, rom sityvis Tavisuflebam qarTul literaturaTmcodneo-bas didi gasaqani misca, magram warsulis inerciis daZleva ufro Zneli aRmoCnda, vidre movelodiT. gasuli saukunis 60-80-ian wlebSi dawerili 20-e saukunis `literaturis istoriebs~ Cveni droeba, sruliad samar-Tlianad, angaJirebulad da dromoWmulad miiCnevs, obieqturi krite-riumis uqonlobisa da mcdari ideologiuri meTodologiebis gamo. usaSvelod gaiwela faseulobaTa gadafasebis procesic: 90-ian wlebSi dastambul gamokvlevebSi uamrav sabWour kliSes aRmovaCenT, rac aSka-

ivlisi 49

№ 7 2010

ra Seusabamobaa, radgan maSin cenzura saerTod aRar arsebobda; samwux-arod, amgvari ram dRemde gvxvdeba.

imTaviTve warmoiSva meore ukiduresoba: faseulobaTa gadafasebis naCqarevma, gaSmagebulma da dauokebelma vnebam aranakleb daazarala 20-e saukunis literaturis kvleva; sabWoTa periodis qarTuli mwerlo-ba, xelaRebiT, erTianad, `sabWouri~ damRiT dadaRes; naklebad wignier-ma `nacional-nihilistebma~ prokurorisa Tu arbitris mantia moirges da ise Caebnen aqsiologiur TamaSebSi.

es procesi (destruqciiT aRtkineba), met-naklebad, dRemde grZel-deba. zog samTavrobo Tu arasamTavrobo uwyebaTa garda, beWdur medias Tu televiziasac uZevs amaSi lomis wili.

ucxouri literaturaTmcodneobis Tanamedrove Teoriebsa da meT-odologiebs rom davewafeT, Zalian kargia, miT umetes, rom internetis epoqaSi es did Zalisxmevas ar moiTxovs; ucxo enebis (ara mxolod sakom-piuterod daswavlili sayvelpuro inglisuris) safuZvliani codnac da sazRvargareT swavlac, gadauWarbeblad, didi bednierebaa, magram is, rom saqarTveloSi qarTvelologia vera da ver gaxda `prioritetuli~, kargs aras gviqadis. kerZod, es exeba qarTuli literaturis istoriis kvlevasac: cota utrirebulad Tu vityvi, is `modaSi~ ar aris, `aragay-idvadia~, misTvis grantebsac aravin imetebs.

savalalo ufro is gaxlavT (Tumca, raRac ar maxsendeba, ganaTlebis romelime morigi reformatori valalebdes amis Taobaze), rom 20-e sau-kunis qarTuli literaturis istoriis srulyofili da sruli korpu-sis uqonloba Cveni didi erovnuli sircxvilic aris da, imavdroulad, evropasTan kulturuli integraciis xelisSemSlel faqtoradac gves-axeba.

`evrostandarti~ rom agviCemebia, is marto `evroremonti~ xom ar aris! aTobiT mSobliuri literaturis istoria, aTobiT gamowvlilviTi monografia 20-e saukunis mwerlebze (ara mxolod korifeebze), uamravi literaturuli enciklopedia, cnobari, mwerlis TxzulebaTa akademi-uri Tu saarqivo gamocemebi da yovelive es eleqtronuli versiebiTurT – aseTia `evrostandarti~ – misabaZi da samagaliTo CvenTvisac.

interneti qvevriviT aris: rasac CasZaxeb, imas amogZaxebs. rac ar unda acmacuno mausi da awkapuno klaviatura, 20-e saukunis qarTuli m werlobis mkvlevars dids verafers SesZens kompiuteri: rac ar Cagit-virTavs, ras moeli...

Tanamedrove literaturuli periodikisa Tu samecniero krebulebis eleqtronul versiaTa arseboba ufro momavals waadgeba, gasuli sauku-nis literaturis mkvlevars, dResdReobiT, interneti umniSvnelod Tu daexmareba.

axla, rogorc Cans, forsirebuli muSaoba gvmarTebs 20-e saukunis ukuRmarTi memkvidreobis, – `TeTri laqebisa~ Tu `Savi xvrelebis~ amo-savsebad.

uzarmazari da Sromatevadi samuSaoa Sesasrulebeli.mciredi gamonaklisis garda, ar arsebobs sruli anotirebuli biblio-

grafiebi, universaluri literaturuli Tu dargobrivi enciklopediebi, cnobarebi da leqsikonebi; sacnauria 20-e saukunis klasikosTa cxovreba-Semoqmedebisadmi miZRvnili monografiebisa da maTive Txzu lebebis aka-demiur gamocemaTa saocari simwire da, arcTu iSviaTad, – simdare.

arcerTi qveynis literatura ar SeuqmniaT erTeulebs. mas mTeli mwerloba qmnis – korifenic da meorexarisxovannic. dRes zogi garda-suli mwerlis biografiuli wvrilmanebis dadgenac ki did Zalisxmevas saWiroebs.

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50 ivlisi

momavlis saqmea 20-e saukunis mwerlobis mTlianobaSi gaazreba da misi mimarTebis dadgena Tanamedrove qarTul kulturologiur sivrcesTan. dasaCqarebelia aqsiologiur procesTa uRimRamo tempi. zemoTqmulis gaTvaliswinebiT, aucilebelia da saSuric, axlave daiwy-os muSaoba 20-e saukunis qarTuli literaturis istoriis SeqmnisaTvis, rac yvela Taobis literatorTa erToblivi, gacxovelebuli Zalisxme-viT Tu moxerxdeba.

sikeTesTan erTad, sityvis Tavisuflebis `Tavisebur~ gagebas upa-suxismgeblo da vulgarizatoruli gamoxdomebic mohyva. aseTad mimaC-nia `sabWouri mentalitetis~ wamoyvedreba, anda gasuli saukunis saqa-rTvelosa da misi mwerlobis warmoCena `homo sovietikusebis~ bestiari-umad. is vinc `ideuri~, `partiuli~ niSniT, xelaRebiT iwunebs dRes 20-e saukunis mwerlobas, iseTsave Secdomas uSvebs, rogorsac Tavis droze – literaturis partiulobisa Tu klasobriobis adeptebi; radgan, sul-gayiduli Tu sulwawymedili medroveni, an, ubralod, mwerlebad `dan-iSnuli~ bobolebi Tu `literaturuli generlebi~ ar gansazRvravdnen 20-e saukunis gezs.

gvinda Tu ara, Cven yvelani 20-e saukunidan movdivarT. samSoblos, iseve rogorc mSoblebs, aravin irCevs; miT umetes ver airCev, romel `reJimSi~ daibado. 20-e saukunis `gadagdeba~ dRes sakuTar identobaze uaris Tqmasac niSnavs. maSin isRa dagvrCenia, sakuTari nebiT, TaviT ga-daveSvaT globalizaciis goglimoglSi.

saqarTvelo Cveni erTaderTi samSoblo iyo maSinac, roca mxolod virtualurad arsebobda da ruseTis imperiis Tbilisisa da quTaisis ganapira guberniebad moixsenieboda; roca ssrk-is `damoukidebeli~ re-spublika, faqtobrivad ki ruseTis mier aneqsirebuli teritoria gaxl-daT da, Cveni `ufrosi Zmisa~ Tu ucxoelTa TvalTaxedviT, kvlav ruse-Tad moiazreboda.

saqarTvelos istoriuli Znelbedobis gaTvaliswinebiT, maSin Cvens politikur kalos galewilad vTvlidiT da, momavlis imediT, erovnuli TviTmyofobisa da kulturuli identobis SesanarCuneblad, – mwer-lobasa da xelovnebas vetanebodiT. politikuri damoukideblobis xanmokle (1918-1921) da warumatebelma periodma, Cvenda sabednierod, swored qarTuli kulturis aRorZinebisaken mimarTa gezi. am inerciam didxans gastana, – TiTqmis 30-iani wlebis dasawyisamde, roca grigol robaqiZis mier 10-ian wlebSi deklarirebulma ̀ saqarTvelos renesansis~ ideam Cailuris wyali dalia...

Cakluli suli, Cakluli azri, ganadgurebuli gvarovnuli Tu suli-eri aristokratia, – SemoqmedebiTi inteligencia; qarTvelTa (maT So-ris mweralTa) umagaliTo msxverpli meore msoflio omSi, – yovelive aman didi laxvari Casca qarTul literaturas.

dRevandeli Tvalsawieridan, 1937-is momdevno, Semzaravi repre-siebisa da totaluri SiSis aTwleuli yvelaze tragikulia e. w. sabWoTa mwerlobis istoriaSi. magram daRmarTs aRmarTi mosdevs: balaxis Re-rom gamoaRwia nacrisfer asfaltSi, damzrali miwidan enZelam amohyo Tavi... ase `metaforulad~ moevlina qarTul poezias ana kalandaZe. re-alurad ki, droebiTi ̀ daTboba~ Tu ̀ gamodareba~ 50-iani wlebis Suawels, keTilismyofeli aRmoCnda: qarTul literaturas daubrunda `xalxis mtrebis~ fasdaudebeli memkvidreoba, cenzuris susxis SesustebiT Cinebulad isargebla yvela Taobis mweralma.

e. w. `samocianelTa~ uniWieresma Taobam da maTma imJamindelma erTo-bam siaxlisa da Tavisuflebis xibli moitana.

kvlav gacxovelda `saqarTvelos renesansis~ minavluli miTi qar-

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Tul cnobierebaSi: xan sifrTxiliT, Sefarulad, xanac narTaulad da Caqaragmebulad, zogjer, – aSkarad da daurideblad. Tavisufalma azr-ma formis mravalferovneba da formaluri srulyofilebisaken swraf-vac ganapiroba.

mogvianebiT, kidev erTi ucnauroba gacxadda. 80-iani wlebis meore naxevridan, sajaroobis deklarirebis Semdeg, rusuli Jurnal-gazeTebi da gamomcemlobebi ver audiodnen cnobil avtorTa e. w. `Taroze Semode-buli~ anu cenzuris mier uaryofili Txzulebebis beWdvas. CvenSi amgvari ram TiTqmis ar momxdara. rogorc Cans, maSin `periferias~ naklebi yur-adReba eqceoda, radgan CvenSi ara marto SeiTxza, aramed gamoqveynda mra-vali iseTi nawarmoebi, rusi mwerlebi `ujraSi~ rom inaxavdnen. paradoq-sia, rom damonebul saqarTveloSi bevri mwerali ise laRad da ostatu-rad werda, TiTqos `socrealizmis~ dogmati da totalitaruli cenzura saerTod ar arsebuliyo. sxva sakiTxia, rom Cvenda savalalod, didma qar-Tulma mwerlobam rusul jebirs vera da ver gadaabija.

TiTqos simboluri iyo da imedismomcemic, rom didi Tanamedrove mwe rali oTar WilaZe nobelis premiis nominanti swored 1999 wels gax-da; es uprecendento ambavi ise Caikarga politikur vnebaTa WidilSi, rom verc ki gavacnobiereT saTanadod.

`qarTveli xalxis istoria ocdaaTi saukunis istoriaa. asureT-bab-ilonis momswreebs telefonisa da eleqtronis xanamde mogviRwevia da dRes garemoeba iseTi dagvidga, rom iZulebuli varT Cveni vinaobis Ses-axeb vilaparakoT: icodeT, Tanamedrove xalxno, rom Cvenca varT... – ve-mudarebiT yvelas. ocdaaTi saukunis istoria ki sadRac Caiylapa~ – es tkiviliani sityvebi arCil jorjaZem 1909 wels gamoaqveyna.

`iqneb iwamos msofliom silamazisaTvis jvarcmuli eri!~ – es 20 wlis tician tabiZis naocnebaria.

globalizaciis pirispir vdgavarT da axla, 21-e saukuneSi gvix-deba zrunva ara mxolod imisaTvis, rom unikaluri qarTuli kultura davicvaT da SevinarCunoT, aramed imisaTvisac, rom, bolos da bolos, msofliom ki ar `gvcnos~ – gagvicnos!

`msoflio civilizaciiis ferxulSi Cabma~ TuTiyuSis gulmodginebiT gadmoRebuli maskulturiTa da `popsaTi~ ar moxerxdeba. gana imsax-urebs civilizebuli samyarosagan pativiscemas udardeli, `taSfan-dura~ eri, romelsac sakuTari sulieri memkvidreoba ver Seuswavlia da ver daufasebia saTanadod?

komunisturi totalitarizmis yvelaze Savbnul periodSi mixeil ja-vaxiSvils ubis wignakSi CauniSnavs: `qarTvelebs meore oqros xana mogve-lis da vinc amas daijerebs, is im xanisaTvis raRacas Sehqmnis, Seamza-debs~... swored momavlis rwmeniTa da imediT Seiqmna 20-e saukunis didi qarTuli mwerloba. gvijobs, davafasoT aw ukve literaturul memkvi-dreobad qceuli es saganZuri, rogorc klasikosebi ityodnen, – eris suli da fizionomia.

globalizaciam yvelaze mZime gansacdeli qarTul enas mouvlina (ar-amarto qarTuls: aRiarebuli TvalsazrisiT, internetma sakmaod Seryv-na da gaaRariba inglisuri – saerTaSoriso ena).

`ganuwyveteli brZola gadarCenisaTvis~ enis siwmindisaTvis brZo-lasac gulisxmobs. ra Sav dReSia qarTuli ena dRes, – yvelas moexseneba. amitomac eniWeba gansakuTrebuli misia qarTul mwerlobas, – dedaenis damaunjebel Zvirfas salaros.

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52 ivlisi

kritika

nino vaxania

laSa gaxarias marTali poezia

gamomcemloba `inteleqtma~ seriiT `asi leqsi~ laSa gaxarias krebu-lic dastamba. Semdgeneli poetis meuRle – natifi gemovnebis qalbato-ni, roza berikaSvilia, SesaniSnavi winasityvaobis avtori ki – ere kle saRliani. kaxmeg kudavas am wamowyebam didi xania miipyro mkiTxvelis yuradReba da aRiareba daimsaxura. mjera, arc es krebuli datovebs gulgrils poeziis moyvarulT.

poeti uflis mociqulia dedamiwaze, sagangebo davalebiT gamogza-vnili. yvelani uflis winaSe vagebT pasuxs, magram rCeuls pasuxismge-blobac meti aqvs xolme... es pasuxismgebloba kargada aqvs gacnobiere-buli laSa gaxarias, romelic aq werda, magram caSi kiTxulobda. igi Soridan Sehyurebda sakuTar Semoqmedebas da didi samzeridan mkacrad afasebda. `viT SemogkadroT es nasufrali?~ – ukvnesda guli poets, Tumca sul amaod.

laSa gaxariasTvis ena yvelaferia, ena Tavad RmerTia. poeti efereba, esaTuTeba qarTul asoebs, qarTul sityvas, qarTuls saerTod... xuce-sis, rusTavelis, sabas... qarTulis memkvidred yofna advili ar aris, kaci Tavisi surviliT Znelad aiRebs amodena tvirTs, magram roca bedisweras Tavidanve ase ganusazvravs, sxva ra gza rCeba – unda zidos mtanjveli da Tan sapatio da sasiamovno Wapani. laSa gaxaria Rirseuli patronia qarTuli enisa. aRsaniSnavia, rom poets Zalian frTxilad, faqizad, zo-mierad Semohyavs megrulZiriani sityvebi da amiT amdidrebs, alamazebs, akeTilSobilebs leqssa da enas. urSvina, kurcxe, Tanafa, oxvamuri... qa-rTulisTvis axali ki ara, didi xnis daviwyebuli Zvelia da dasakargavad vergasametebeli.

poetma icis, rom leqsis erTi striqonic SeiZleba mTel cxovre-bas udrides – erTi, gulisgulSi gamotarebuli, marTali, cremliani striqoni. xom yvelas gaxsovT lado asaTiani:

radgan amqveynad misTvis movedi,

rom unda mxolod leqsebi vwero,

radgan sxva rame, leqsebis garda,

axlac ver Svelis tkivilebs Cemsas,

mjera, am diad bunebis karTan

me TviT sikvdilsac gardavqmni leqsad.

axla laSa gaxarias mousmineT:

radgan me leqsiT vcocxlob da vsunTqav,

radgan me leqsis saflavs moveli...

es ar aris arc gavlena, arc reminiscencia, es monaTesave sulebis Sex-vedraa.

laSa gaxarias leqsebis Tematika tradiciul-qarTulia. didi qa-rTvelebis msgavsad, masac samive dro – warsuli, awmyo da momavali er-Tian gancdaSi aqvs mocemuli. didgori amitom warsuli ar aris, xolo samSoblosTvis TavdadebulT sanTels ki ara, TiTo taZars unda vun-TebdeT, rom ar davlaCrdeT, rom ar CavqreT, rom ar movisraT, mxneoba, maga liTi, orientiri ar unda davkargoT.

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da borotebis, sikvdil-sicocxlis, Ralatisa da erTgulebis mara-diul sakacobrio wyvilebs poetis mzerac miswvdenia da ise sulSi Cam-wvdomad, sadad da ubralod ganumartavs, rom daviwyeba SeuZlebelia...

lado asaTianis `bardnalas~ Tamamad udgas gverdiT laSa gaxarias `muxuri~.

`xemardianSi nanaTa,

muxebiT gadamuxluli,

mTaze miwnuli kalaTa –

Cemi laxara muxuri...~

samSoblos siyvaruli sakuTari soflis, orRobis, ojaxis siyvaruliT iwyeba. ̀ werili dedas~ erTgvarad paolo iaSvils gvagonebs. Camodi, – ex-veweba deda, Camoval, – irwmuneba poeti. dedaSviluri siyvaruli soflis idiliis fonze simbolur mniSvnelobas iZens, zogaddeba da samSoblos gancdas uigivdeba. xolo `muxuris mTvareSi~ lamazi metafora Semogva-naTebs: ̀ mzem ToTo TuTa amoiyvana da SeamSrala svel cas xelebi~ da gamW-virvale cidan uflis yovlismxedveli Tvali dagvyurebs da gvanugeSebs. aliteracia ar qmnis leqss, magram leqsis samkauli, damamSvenebelia. `atens irTveba atami – Sindisel Sindze Txovdeba~, `bondze bodavs ablabuda nisli~, `wyalgamSrali bRavis xobiswyali~ da mravali kidev sxva iseTi aliteraciebia, romlebic marto garegnul efeqts ar qmnis. yoveli maTgani Sinaarsis gaxsnas, saTqmelis zustad gadmocemas, nafiqr-naazrevisa da nanax-gancdilis mkiTxvelis gulamde mitanas emsaxureba. amitomacaa yoveli mxatvruli saSualeba, poetis mier gamoyenebuli, ase mniSvnelovani da Rrma datvirTvis mqone.

am patara wignSi sakacobrio safiqrali erovnuls SeTanadebia, moy-mis dedisa da vefxvis dedis dards gausenavs striqonebi.

aq samyaros harmonia irekleba. sicocxle Tavisi mravalferovnebiT uflis saCuqaria, amitom unda Zal-Rone mis Rirseulad tarebas. qarT-veloba ki saamayocaa da saSiSic erTsa da imave dros. imitom, rom ici: `nislze mCatea qudi svanisa, magram... mZimea misi tareba~. imitom, rom kiTxulob: `marTla oTxia kvla saxareba, Tu erTiT meti – `vefxistyaos-niT!~ imitom, rom natrob: `netav, am Tvalebs CaeqceT fskeri, rom Cai-tion es silamaze~... da ase dausruleblad.

poets SeuZlia yoveldRiuri yofis nacrisferoba gagviferados, poeziad aqcios sruliad arapoeturi, miwieri, wvrilmani movlenebi; poets SeuZlia Cvenive tkivilebi xelisgulze dagvidos da saxierad SegvgrZnobinos. yvela qarTvelis satkivari ase gadmogvces:

`da menaneba sxvis TiTze riwa –

gawbilebuli sasZlo beWedi~.

da Tumca iq isev wvims an qaria, dRe dRes mihyveba, weli wels. magram... dro dgas, dro ar midis, dro gayinula. `yvelas Tavisi dro aqvs amqvey-nad – didi saqmeebisTvis mcire, wvrilmanebisTvis Tavze sayreli~ (besik xaranauli). visTvis ra aris drois aTvlis wertili da sazomi, laSa gax-ariasTvis ki Tamaris mere dro sul dgas, amitom svams poeti leqsis bo-los cremlis wertilebs da, bolos da bolos, poetobac xom sxva arafe-ria, garda imisa, rom:

`poeti... erTi sanTliT metia,

erTi saflaviT sxvaze naklebi~.

`nurc svel leqsebze damemdurebi, sul wvimda... suli sadRa gameS-ro!~ – mogvmarTavs mkiTxvels da Tavis gaSiSvlebul, saTuT, svel suls ganZad da saxsovrad gviZRvnis.

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54 ivlisi

1.peterburgi ukve aRar arsebobs, am qalaqis cxovreba biurokratiuli

iyo, biurokratiuli iyo misi dasasrulic. gaCnda CvenTvis gamoucnobi, Cveni yurisTvis ucxod mosasmeni petrogradi. gaqra ara mxolod Zveli sityva da mis adgilas iSva ara mxolod axali, aramed dasrulda mTeli istoriuli periodi da SevdivarT axal, CvenTvis gamoucnob xanaSi. iyo raRac ucnauri, raRac SemaZrwunebeli peterburgis warmoSobaSi, mis bedSi, mis damokidebulebaSi mTel am uzarmazar ruseTTan, xalxis cxovrebisgan mis mowyvetaSi, mis gaucxoebaSi, mis rogorRac erTbaS, mbrZaneblur dampyroblobasa da moCvenebiTobaSi. petres magiuri neb-elobiT, peterburgi arafrisgan, Waobebis nislidan iSva. puSkinma Tavis `spilenZis mxedriT~ saSualeba mogvca peterburgis cxovreba gvegrZno. slavianofil-meniadage dostoevskic ucnaurad aris peterburgTan da-kavSirebuli, ufro metad, vidre moskovTan, masSi igi ruseTis SeSlil stiqias xedavs, misi gmirebi umeteswilad peterburgelebi arian, pe-terburgis janRsa da TovlWyapTan dakavSirebulni. mis nawerebSi ipovi gasaocar furclebs peterburgis Sesaxeb, misi moCvenebiTobis Sesaxeb. raskolnikovi sadavoisa da senni rinokis axlomaxlo daexeteba da Ca-denil danaSaulze fiqrobs. rogoJini danaSauls goroxovoize sCadis. meniadage dostoevskis uyvars uniadago gmirebi, romelTac SeiZle-boda mxolod peterburgis atmosferoSi earsebaT. es qalaqi, gansxvave-biT moskovisgan, katastrofuli qalaqia. asea gogolis peterburgul moTxrobebSic – iq igi peterburgul saSinelebebze gviyveba. moskovel slavianofilebs peterburgi sazRvargareTul qalaqad miaCniaT da eSin-iaT misi, risTvisac aqvT kidevac safuZveli, vinaidan peterburgi mosk-ovur-slavianofiluri didsulovnebisTvis mudmivi muqara, saSineleba iyo, Tumca is, rom slavinofilebs peterburgi sruliad ararusul qa-laqad eCvenebaT, maTi provinciuli cdomileba, maTi gamijnulobaa, Tumca mere da mere dostoevskim Tavidan aicila es dabneuloba.

peterburgis efemeruloba wminda rusuli efemerulobaa, rusuli warmosaxviT Seqmnili moCveneba. petre didi TaviT fexamde rusi kaci iyo, xolo peterburgis biurokratia peterburgis biurokratiasTan germanulis mimynobam Seqmna. es iseve zustia, rogorc is, rom rusuli aristokratiis Taviseburi franguli aseve rusuli nacionaluri stil-ia, iseTive rusuli, rogoric rusuli ampiri. peterburguli ruseTi Cveni sxva nacionaluri saxea, moskovuri ruseTis raobis, misi xasiaTis gverdiT.

peterburgze romanis dawera mxolod im mwerals SeeZlo, visac kos-miuri cxovrebis gansakuTrebuli SegrZneba hqonda, SegrZneba efemeru-li yofisa. diax, Cven gvyavs aseTi mwerali! es is aris, vinc romani `pe-terburgi~ dawera, dawera zustad peterburgisa da ruseTis istoriis peterburguli periodis dasasrulis win. romani Cveni esoden ucnauri dedaqalaqisa da misi ucnauri istoriis erTgvar Sejamebas warmoadgens. `peterburgSi~, dostoevskisa da tolstois drois SeiZleba erT-erT yvelaze SesaniSnav rusul romanSi, marTalia, ar aris am qalaqis cxovre-

nikolai berdiaevi

astraluri romani

(fiqrebi andrei belis romanis – `peterburgis~ gamo)

cnobili rusi filosofosi nikolai berdiaevi (1874-

1948) mimoixilavs rusi simbolistebis niWieri

warmomadgenlis, Aandrei belis (1880-1934) erT-erT

yvelaze mniSvnelovan da saintereso romans

`peterburgs~. mMwerali gvixatavs erTgvar

analitikur suraTs. Ees aris gardamavali periodi, roca

xelovneba garkveul krizisSi Sedis, gauferulebas iwyebs

klasikurad mSvenieri xelovnebis ideali, xelovneba

aRar qmnis silamazes, Cndeba rRvevis tkiviliani gancda,

axali gzebis Ziebis survili.belis, rogorc am axali epoqis warmomadgenlis

Semoqmedeba ar aris simSvidis, sixarulis

momgvreli, adamiani aq gaorebulia, aRar aRiqmeba, rogorc erTi mTliani, igi

kosmiuri mgrZnobelobiTaa Sepyrobili, sadRac iyureba,

xan sulierad ecema, xan sadRac eZebs, elodeba, magram

kaTarzisamde verasodes midis.

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ba mTeli sisavsiT warmodgenili, mTelma peterburgma ver pova iq adgi-li, vinaidan avtorisTvis es yvelaferi arc ise advilad xelmisawvdomi iyo, magram am saocar romanSi srulad aris Secnobili da warmosaxuli raRac Zalian damaxasiaTebeli peterburgisaTvis. es aris gogoliseuli tipis mxatvruli Semoqmedeba, amitomac advili SesaZlebelia gagviC-ndes avtoris dadanaSaulebis survili ruseTis mimarT ciliswamebis, misi ukeTurobisa da simaxinjis gansakuTrebuli aRqmis gamo, vinaidan masSi Znelia ipovo adamiani, vinc RmerTis xatad iqneboda Seqmnili. da mainc, andrei beli am bolo literaturuli epoqis erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani mweralia, originaluri mxatvruli prozis sruliad axa-li formis, axali ritmis Semqmneli. Cvenda samarcxvinod, is jer kidev ar aris saTanadod dafasebuli, Tumca eWvi ar mepareba, rom gava dro da misi genialoba aRiarebuli iqneba, rogorc mwerlisa, visac SeiZleba srulyofili qmnileba ar gamouvida, magram axleburad SeigrZno raRac saocrad ganmacvifrebeli da igi axali, aqamde ararsebuli musikal-uri formiT asaxa. dadgeba dro, roca mas did rus mwerlebs dauyeneben gverdiT, rogorc gogolisa da dostoevskis WeSmarit gamgrZelebels. es adgili man ukve Semoifargla Tavisi romaniT – `vercxlis mtrediT~. mxolod belisTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli is Sinagani ritmi, romelic mis mier aRqmul axal kosmiur ritmTan aris srul SesabamisobaSi. misma mx-atvrulma zeSTagonebam gamoxatuleba mis simfoniebSi, mis im formebSi pova, romelic literaturaSi aqamde arasodes Segvxvedria. beli, ro-gorc movlena, xelovnebaSi SeiZleba skriabinis gverdiT iqnes dayeneb-uli. SemTxveviTi ar aris, rom, rogorc erTTan, ise meoresTan SeimCneva midrekileba Teosofiisa da okultizmisaken, rac axali kosmiuri epoqis SegrZnebasTan aris dakavSirebuli.

2.mxolod belisTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli samyaroseuli yovelgvari

sagnis ganfrqvevis, dekristalizaciis, sagnebs Soris dadgenili saz-Rvrebis rRvevisa da gaqrobis mxatvruli SegrZneba. masTan TviT adami-anTa saxeebic dekristalizdeba, ikargeba erTi adamianis meore adamianis-gan gamyofi myari sazRvrebi, ikargeba garemomcvel samyaroSi arsebuli sagnebis ganmacalkevebeli xazebi, ingreva Cveni sxeulebrivi samyaros simyare, misi SemosazRvruloba, misi kristalizebuloba. erTi adamiani gadadis meore adamianSi, erTi sagani – meore saganSi, fizikuri sibrtye – astralur sibrtyeSi, gonebrivi procesi – yofierebis procesSi. xde-ba gadaadgileba da gadaadgileba sxvadasxva sibrtyeebis. romanis gmiri – nikolai apolonoviCi aris qedmaRali biurokratis, kogenianelisa da revolucioneris vaJiSvili, vinc sakuTar samuSao oTaxs gasaRebiT ket-avs, roca eCveneba, rom isic, oTaxic, im oTaxis farglebic da samyaroseu-li realuri sagnebic erT wuTSi gonebisTvis misawvdom simboloebad gar-daiqmneba, wminda logikur azrTawyobad... oTaxis sivrcec da Tavad misi mgrZnobelobadakarguli sxeulic yofierebis im saerTo qaosSi ireva, ra-sac is samyaros uwodebs. nikolai apolonoviCis sxeulidan gamocalkeveb-uli cnobiereba eleqtronaTuriT im sawer magidas uerTdeba, rasac ̀ cno-bierebis mze~ ewodeba. iketeba ra Tavis samuSao oTaxSi, awon-dawonis ra nabij-nabij sistemis erTobamde ayvanil Tavis mdgomareobas, `samyaroSi~ anu oTaxSi ganfenil Tavis sxeuls grZnobs. sxeuls, romlis Tavi lamazi abaJuris qveS eleqtronaTuris minaSi inTxeva. aq aRwerilia nikolai apo-lonoviCis meditacia, romlis meSveobiTac xdeba misi sakuTari yofi-erebis gaxleCa. amis ukan andrei belis mxatvruli xedva imaleba da am xed-vaSi, rogorc misi sakuTari, ise mTeli samyaroseuli raobis gaxleCa xde-

fotoze

andrei beli

(leon baqstis naxati)

№ 7 2010

56 ivlisi

ba. irRveva sazRvrebi, romelic efemeruls yofiTisgan gamoacalkevebs. romanSi yvelaferi biurokrati mamis, senatoris, dawesebulebis xelmZR-vanelis, saidumlo mrCevlis – apolon apolonoviC ableuxovis da misgan Zlivs gamocalkevebuli revolucioneri Svilis, piruku biurokratis – nikolai apolonoviCis gonebrivi TamaSia. Znelia gansazRvra, sad Tavdeba mama da sad iwyeba Svili. es mtrebi, biurokratiisa da revoluciis urT-ierTdapirispirebis sawyisis warmomadgenlebi, rogoriRac arakristal-izebul, uformo mTelSi erevian. sazRvrebis rRvevisa da urTierTSere-vis msgavsebaSi simbolizdeba isic, rom Cveni revolucia – biurokratiis xorci-xorcTagani da sisxli-sisxlTagania da isic, rom masSi xrwnisa da sikvdilis Teslia Cadebuli.

yvelaferi yvelaferSi gadadis, yvelaferi erTmaneTSi ireva da iSle-ba. icvleba materiis ganmamtkicebeli sazRvrebi. belisTvis, rogorc mwerlisa da mxatvrisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia is, rom masTan yovelTvis iwyeba sityvebisa da sityvaTSewyobis triali da sityvaTSewyobis am gri-galSi xdeba yofierebis ganfrqveva, gadanacvleba sazRvrebisa. belis gamomxatvelobiTi xerxebi, misi stili, rogorc wesi, bolos yovelTvis gaSmagebul wriul moZraobaSi gadadis. mis xelweraSi aris raRac Solt-iseburi stiqia. es grigaliseburi moZraoba a. belim kosmiur cxovrebaSi SeigrZno da saamiso adekvaturi gamoTqma sityvaTSewyobis qariSxalSi pova. andrei belis ena ar aris kosmiuri cxovrebis miseul SegrZnebaTa warmosaxvis sxva, ucxo enaze Targmani, rogorc amas Curlianisis mxat-vrulad ususur mxatvrobaSi vxedavT, aramed es aris sityvebiT kosmiuri grigalebis pirdapir asaxva. mwerals SeiZleba mxolod TavSeukavebeli stilis gamo vusayveduroT, vinaidan am mxriv is xSirad gadadis sazR-vars. belis, rogorc mxatvris, genialoba kosmiuri ganfrqvevisa da kos-miuri grigalebis TanxvdomaSia, sityvebis ganfrqvevis, sityvaTSewyobis grigalebis TanxvdomaSi. sityvaTSewyobisa da Tanxmierebis grigalis-mier nuJrebSi cxovrebiseuli da kosmosiseuli daZabulobis is kvanZebi Cndeba, romelsac katastrofisken mivyavarT. andrei beli alRobs da ganafrqvevs sityvis kristalebs, sityvis myar formas, romelic maradi-uli geCveneba da amiT gamoxatavs yoveli sagnis, `sagnobrivi samyaros~ kristalebis lRobas da ganfrqvevas. kosmiuri grigalebi TiTqos gaTa-visuflda da angrevs, ganafrqvevs mTel Cven damjdar, kristalizebul samyaros. `samyaros qsovili iq furinul qsovilad aris warmodgenili~, – am sityvebiT a. beli kargad axasiaTebs im atmosferos, sadac romanis mixedviT moqmedeba xdeba. ai, rogor warmoudgenia mas qalaqi peterbur-gi: `peterburgo, peterburgo, nisliT garemoculo, mawvaleb, mosvene-bas ar maZlev fuWi gonebiTi TamaSiT, Sen, gulqvav da daundobelo, Sen, mSfoTvare moCvenebav, Sen, vinc didxans, mTeli wlobiT mesxmodi Tavs da mec gavrbodi da gavrbodi Sens saSinel prospeqtebze, gaqanebuli avfrindebodi im Tujis xidze, romelic dedamiwis dasalierSi iwyeba, raTa ukidegano SoreTSi wageyvane. novois iqiT, demimindenSi, iq, sadac odnav ganaTebuli mwvane SoreTia, isev aRorZinda kunZulTa da SenobaTa aCrdilebi, im fuWi imediT cdunebulni, rom es mxare namdvilia da rom es is aramozuzune ukideganobaa, romelic peterburgis quCaSi Rrublebis uferul kvamls gamoafrqvevs~.

3.literaturaSi andrei belis SeiZleba kubisti vuwodoT, xolo mxa-

tvrobaSi formalurad SeiZleba pikasos davuyenoT gverdiT. kubis-turi meTodi gulisxmobs sagnebis analitikur da ara sinTetikur anu mTlianobaSi aRqmas. ferweraSi kubizmi eZiebs sagnebis geometriul

fotoze

peterburgi (XIX s.)

ivlisi 57

№ 7 2010

ConCxs, igi sxeuls cru safars xdis da eswrafis kosmosis Sinagan wyobas Caswvdes. pikasos kubistur ferweraSi kvdeba xorcSesxmuli samyaros silamaze, yvelaferi ixrwneba, yvelaferi Sreebad iSleba. literatur-aSi kubizmi Tavisi zusti mniSvnelobiT ar arsebobs, magram iq SeiZleba kubisturi ferweris raRac analogiuri, raRac paraleluri iyos. be-lis Semoqmedeba aris swored kubizmi mxatvrul prozaSi, rac ase Tu ise SeiZleba pikasos ferwerul kubizms mivusadagoT. andrei belisTan sa-myaros sxeuls mTliani safari exdeba, organuli saxeobebi misTvis ukve mTliani aRar aris, igi literaturaSi organuli materiis fenebad daS-lis kubistur meTods iyenebs, Tumca SeuZlebelia vilaparakoT belize kubisturi ferweris gavlenis Sesaxeb, vinaidan darwmunebiT SeiZleba iTqvas, rom igi mas TiTqmis ar icnobda. misTvis kubizmi aris misi sa-kuTari, Taviseburi aRqma samyarosi, rac ase damaxasiaTebelia rusuli gardamavali epoqisaTvis. andrei beli, garkveuli azriT, erTaderTi WeSmariti, yuradsaRebi futuristia rusul literaturaSi. masSi kvde-ba Zveli kristalizebuli silamaze samyarosi da ibadeba axali samyaro, romelSic jer kidev ar aris silamaze. andrei belis mxatvrul xelwer-aSi yvelaferi iseve gadaadgildeba Tavisi Zveli adgilebidan, romelic maradiuli gveCveneba, rogorc es futuristebTan xdeba. igi ar wers futuristebis saagitacio manifestebs, is sxva rames – simbolistur manifestebs wers da mTeli Tavisi arsebiTa da Tavisi SemoqmedebiT an-grevs yvela Zvel formas da axals qmnis. belis originaloba imaSia, rom igi Tavis kubizmsa da futurizms uerTebs namdvil, uSualo simbolizms, maSin rodesac futuristebi simbolistebs, rogorc wesi, kategori-ulad upirispirdebian. magaliTad, wiTeli domino, romelic yvelgan gvxvdeba kubistur-futuristul `peterburgSi~, aris SesaniSnavi, Sina-ganad dabadebuli simbolo revoluciisa, romelic mocemul viTarebaSi ararsebuli, magram moaxloebadia. SemoqmedebiTi xerxebis mixedviT be-lis winamorbedad evropul literaturaSi SeiZleba davasaxeloT hof-mani, romlis genialur fantastikaSi aseve ingreva yvela sazRvari, yvela sibrtye, aseve ireva erTmaneTSi yvelaferi, aseve iyofa da aseve gadadis sxvaSi. andrei beli pirdapiri gamgrZelebelia gogolisa da dostoevs-kis. msgavsad gogolisa, adamianis cxovrebaSi isic ufro met simaxinjes, met saSinelebas xedavs, vidre silamazes da WeSmarit, myar yofierebas. gogoli beber, organulad mTlian samyaros danawevrebulad aRiqvams, misTvis adamianis saxe iSleba, nawevrdeba, cxovrebis siRrmeSi igi im max-injebs da urCxulebs xedavs, romlebic SemdegSi sxvagvarad Cndebian pi-kasos naxatebSi. gogolma sruliad gawyvita kavSiri puSkinis yovelTvis mSvenier, harmoniul msoflSegrZnebasTan, mis msoflmxedvelobasTan. asea andrei belic.

belis ar SeiZleba ar vusayveduroT is, rom `peterburgSi~ zogjer me-tismetad hbaZavs dostoevskis, metismetad aris damokidebuli mis romanze – `eSmakebze~. zogierTi scena, magaliTad, scenebi traqtirisa da policiis agentis Sesaxeb pirdapir dostoevskisagan aris kopirebuli. am adgilebSi beli Ralatobs sakuTar stils, arRvevs Tavisi roman-simfoniis ritms. marTalia, dostoevskisTan Sinaganad aris dakavSirebuli da amis gamo ar SeiZleba usayveduro, magram uTuod Tavisufali unda yofiliyo Tavis mxatvrul xerxebSi, mtkiced daecva sakuTari stili. da mainc didi gansx-vavebaa belisa da dostoevskis Soris, isini sxvadasxva epoqas ekuTvnian. cxovrebis aRqma-SecnobiT beli ufro kosmiuria, xolo dostoevski ufro fsiqolog-anTropologi. dostoevskisTvis ufskruli adamianis siRrmeSi, mis sulSi ixsneba, magram adamianis xati gamoyofilia, calke dgas kosmi-uri ufskrulisagan. igi adamians aRiqvams rogorc organul mTels, adami-anSi igi yovelTvis RvTis xats xedavs. beli ki im axali epoqis Svilia, roca

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58 ivlisi

eWvqveS dgeba adamianis mTlianobaSi aRqma. andrei beli adamians kosmiur usasrulobaSi Ziravs, kosmiur grigalebs dasafleTad aZlevs. ikargeba adamianis eleqtronaTurisgan gamyofi sazRvari. ixsneba astraluri sa-myaro. fizikuri samyaros myari sazRvrebi adamianis damoukideblobas sapirispiro mxridan icavs, icavs mis sakuTar myar sazRvrebs, mis krista-lur moxazulobas. astraluri samyaros, sulisa da materiis am Sualeduri samyaros Wvreta ki wmends sazRvrebs, axdens rogorc adamianis, ise misi garemomcveli samyaros dekristalizacias. beli astraluri planis, as-traluri mimarTulebis mxatvaria, romelSic SeumCnevlad gadadis Cveni samyaro, kargavs ra Tavis simyaresa da gamokveTilobas. yvela es grigali – astraluris grigalebia da ara fizikuri samyarosi. `petrogradi~ as-traluri romania, romelSic yvelaferi ukve gadis am samyaros fizikuri sxeulis sazRvrebidan, yvelaferi ufskrulSi inTqmeba. senatori ukve or da ara erT sivrces xedavs.

4. andrei beli mxatvrulad xsnis rusuli biurokratiis gansakuTrebul

metafizikas. biurokratizmi – es is efemeruli yofaa, is goniTi TamaSia, romelSic yvelaferi swori xazebiT, kubebiT, kvadratebiT aris Sedge-nili. biurokratizmi ruseTs centridan geometriuli meTodiT marTavs. biurokratiis moCvenebiToba moCvenebiT revolucias Sobs. SemTxveviTi ar aris, rom nikolai apolonoviCi kogenianeli xdeba, anu Tavisi filoso-fiuri msoflxedviT yofierebis realurobas ver SeigrZnobs, swored ami-tom ar aris SemTxveviTi, rom igi suliT xorcamde biurokratiasTan aris dakavSirebuli. im efemerulobamde, romelic `peterburgis~ astralur planSi gadadis, ruseTis siRrmidan, xalxis cxovrebis wiaRidan araferi aRwevs. revoluciuri komitetis centralizmi iseTive efemerulia, ro-gorc biurokratiuli dawesebulebebis centralizmi. lpobis procesi biurokratizmidan revolucionizmSi gadadis. provokacia sazizRar burSi xvevs revolucias, aSiSvlebs mis moCvenebiT-efemerul xasiaTs da yvelaferi satanisebur grigalebSi ireva.

andrei beli ar aris revoluciuri ideis mteri. misi TvalTaxedva su-lac ar aris is, rac dostoevskis ̀ eSmakebia~. misTvis boroteba, romelic revolucias sdevs, Zveli ruseTis borotebidan modis. arsebiTad, misi survilia, mxatvrulad amxilos peterburgis periodis rusuli istori-is moCvenebiTi xasiaTi, Cveni biurokratiis dasavluroba, dasavluroba Cveni inteligenciisa, iseve, rogorc `vercxlis mtredSi~ amxila aR-mosavluri stiqiis sibnele rusi xalxis cxovrebaSi. andrei beli, msgav-sad gogolisa, mowodebuli ar aris gamoaSkaraos da asaxos dadebiTi, na-Teli da mSvenieri. igi erT-erT Tavis leqsSi, Tavis ruseTs, romelic mas aseTi ucnauri siyvaruliT uyvars, mouwodebs ganibnes sivrceSi. ruse-Tze dawerili misi romanebidan grCeba kidec STabeWdileba, rom ruseTi ganibneva sivrceSi, rom igi astralur mtvrad iqceva. mas uyvars ruseTi gamanadgurebeli siyvaruliT, uyvars da sjera, rom is mxolod sikvdi-lis Semdeg aRorZindeba... diax, axasiaTebs aseTi siyvaruli rusul bu-nebas.

mTeli biurokratuli, revoluciuri da kantianur-gnoseologiuri moCvenebiToba Tavs nikolai apolonoviCSi iyris. garda amisa, avtori masSi kidev erT saSinelebas warmoaCens. andrei belis SiSi monRoluri safrTxis winaSe masSi vladimir soloviovisagan modis memkvidreobiT. igi monRolur stiqias Tavad ruseTis SigniT, rus adamianSi SeigrZnobs. nikolai apolonoviCi, ise, rogorc misi biurokrati, senatori mama – monRolia, Turanelia, ruseTs monRoluri sawyisi marTavs, is ki ara, TviT ruseTis dasavleTSic aSkarad monRoluri aRmosavleTi ikiTxeba.

ivlisi 59

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kantianelobaSic ki mas Turanul-monRoluri sawyisi elandeba. beli peterburgis dasasruls, mis saboloo ganbnevas warmosaxavs. spilenZis mxedarma gasrisa adamiani peterburgSi. spilenZis mxedris xati ba-tonobs `peterburgis~ atmosferoze da yvelgan Tavis astralur oreu-lebs agzavnis.

5.beliSi ar aris rusuli ideologia da arc misi moZieba sWirdeba. mas-

Si ufro didi, ufro meti ramaa, vidre rusuli ideologiuri cxovre-baa, masSi rusuli buneba, rusuli stiqiaa, igi mTeli arsebiT rusia. mis sulSi rusuli qaosi trialebs, misi mowyveta ruseTisgan, iseve, rogorc gogolisa, moCvenebiTia. mas kidevac uyvars ruseTi da kidevac uaryofs mas. Caadaevsac xom uyvarda ruseTi! sul cota xnis win belim gamoaqveyna leqsi, sadac aseTi striqonebia:

`Cemo qveyanav,

mSobliuro qveyanav Cemo,

Seni var!

me Seni var!..

mkerdSi Camikar moqviTine da arasmcodne,

gadamafare

dacvaruli Seni balaxi...~

es leqsi imis aRiarebiT mTavrdeba, rom mas swams, rusuli Ramis iqiT `is~ aris, rom ruseTis saSineli wyvdiadisa da qaosis iqiT qristea. man icis, Sinaganad grZnobs, rogori saSineli, rogori SemaZrwunebeli da saxifaToa rusuli qaosi, magram Zala ar Seswevs Tavis TavSi rusuli neba, rusuli cnobiereba gaaRviZos. nebelobisa da cnobierebis disci-plinebs igi sul dasavleTSi eZebs, Tumca SeiZleba eWvic Segeparos, ipo-vis ki iq imas?.. vfiqrob, bolos da bolos beli daubrundeba ruseTs da sinaTles mis siRrmeSi dauwyebs Zebnas.

`peterburgs~ mxatvrulobis mxriv erTi didi nakli aqvs, masSi esTe-tikurad mravali ram miuRebelia – stili zomierebas aris moklebuli, dasasruli moulodneli, Sinaganad nakleb saWiro da SemTxveviTia. ad-gil-adgil igrZnoba, rom metismetad aris dostoevskize damokidebuli. mis mxatvrul SemoqmedebaSi ar aris kaTarzisi, aris yovelTvis raRac me-tismetad gamawvalebeli, vinaidan, rogorc mxatvari, arc TviTon maRl-deba im stiqiaze, romelsac warmosaxavs, vinaidan igi Tavad kosmiur gri-galsa da ganfrqvevaSia CanTqmuli, vinaidan igi Tavadac koSmarSia. mis romanSi ar aris ara mxolod ideologiuri, gacnobierebuli gamosavali, ar aris arc kaTarzisuli gamosavali. is ki ar gaTavisuflebs, aramed umZimes koSmarSi gtovebs. igi mSvenieri, srulyofili xelovnebis saz-Rvrebidan gadis. misi xelovneba misi yofaa, misi qaosia, misi grigalise-buri moZraobaa, misi kosmiuri SegrZnebaa da masSi swored es aris axali da uCveulo. es unda miiRo da damSvideba ar unda eZebo. mis Semoqmedebas ar SeiZleba Zveli kritikuli xerxebiT miudge, vinaidan igi gardamavali kosmiuri epoqis mxatvaria, vinaidan literaturas Zveli rusuli liter-aturis Temebs axleburad ubrunebs, misi Semoqmedeba ruseTis bedTan, ruseTis sulTan aris dakavSirebuli. beli pirveli iyo, vinc WeSmaritad astraluri romani dawera, romani, romelic ase ar hgavs Zveli mxatvruli xerxebiT daweril sustsa da aramxatvrul okultur romanebs. andrei beli Teurgi ar aris, magram Teorgiuli xelovneba misi tipis Semoqmede-baSi SeiZleba astraluri daSlis, danawilebis gzaze dgas.

rusulidan Targmna

lili mWedliSvilma

№ 7 2010

60 ivlisi

axali Targmanebi

o’ henri

dakarguli recepti

mas Semdeg, rac samRvdeloebam bari akurTxa da warCinebuli sazoga-doeba sadils koqteiliT iwyebs, salunze1 saubaric nebadarTulia. Tu sasmelTan mwyralad xarT, yurisgdebiT SegiZliaT Tavi ar SeiwuxoT. TqvenTvis dagvilocnia savaWro avtomatebiT savse restornebi, – CaagdebT aTcentians civi bulionis RreCoSi da umal mSral martinis2

miiRebT.kon lenTri kinilis kafes barSi muSaobda, daxlSi Camdgariyo da maT

emsaxureboda, visac sasmeli didad ar izidavs. daxlis wina mxares ki Cven, werosaviT cal fexze mdgarni, kviris jamagirs nebiT veTxovebodiT xolme. TeTr JiletSi gamowyobili, gakrialebuli da Tmadavarcxnili koni, – zrdilobiani, mokrZalebuli, gulisxmieri, pasuxismgeblobiT savse, sando Wabuki, – Cvens pirdapir daxtoda da fuls iRebda.

saluni, kaci ver ityvis, kurTxeuli Tu dawyevlili, gaxsnili iyo erT patara dabaSi, quCebis nacvlad kvadratebad rom daeyoT. samrecx-aoebiT mofenil am samosaxloSi binadrobdnen gaRatakebul nikerboker-Ta3 ojaxebi da bohemuri adamianebi, romelTac erTmaneTTan ara esaqme-bodaT.

kafes Tavze kinili ojaxTan erTad cxovrobda. mis qaliSvils, ketrins muqi irlandiuri Tvalebi rom hqonda,.. Tumca, gWirdebaT ki amis codna? gana umjobesi araa, kvlav Tqveni jeraldina Tu eliza en-niT darCeT aRfrTovanebuli?! ketrini ki kons davuTmoT, – Wabuki masze Wkuas kargavda. qaliSvili rom ukana kibis safexurze gadmomdgari m Svidad sTxovda, sadilisTvis TungiT ludi aetana, sabralos guli ise ufancqalebda, ise aud-Caudioda, rogorc rZis punSi saTqvefelSi.

romanuli istoriebi ucvleli da erTmaneTis msgavsia. Tqven Rarib-debiT da ukanasknel Silings baris daxlze isvriT viskisTvis, barmeni ki mas xels stacebs, bosis qaliSvilze qorwindeba da keTildReobas ezi-areba.

magram kons es ar exeba. qalebTan is erTTavad wiTldeboda da ena eb-moda. Wabuki barSi wesrigs advilad amyarebda, Tvalis erTi gadavlebiT amSvidebda moyayane, wiTeli RviniT aybedebul axalgazrdobas, urCT limonis sawurs uTavazebda da mogniaseT quCaSi, Txrilisken auRelve-blad moisroda xolme.A am yvelafers ise mSvidad akeTebda, rom TeTri batistis yelsabami odnavadac ar Seerxeoda xolme. qalTa winaSe ki es yoCaRi barmeni ise frTxeboda, enaborZikobda da munjdeboda, rom ge-gonebodaT, mtanjveli dabneulobis raRac cxeli zvavis qveS Caimarxao. axla Dar ikiTxavT, ketrinTan ra mosdioda? SeSinebuli sityvis Tqmas veRar axerxebda da samaris lodad, im enaCavardnil Seyvarebulad ga-daiqceoda xolme, visac Tavisi RvTaebis gverdiT amindzeRa Tu SeuZlia luRluRi.

erT dResK kinilisNbarSi ori mziT garujuli kaci, raili da makkver-ki gamoCnda. axalmosulni mepatrones daelaparaknen da iqiraves ukana oTaxi, romelic sul male boTlebiT, sifonebiT, tolCebiTa da men-zurebiT gaavses. salunis mTeli inventari da sasmeli iq aitanes. ar ifiqroT, dasalevad an savaWrod, ara. momaragebuli sasmelisagan isi-ni aTasgvar ucnob nayensa Tu naxarSs amzadebdnen da mTel dReebs maT

1 saluni – amer. igivea, rac bari, bufeti, sasauzme, patara restorani.

2 martini – koqteili, romelic mzaddeba vermutisa da ing-lisuri aryis, agreTve mwvane forToxlis wvnisa da zogi sxva komponentisagan.

3 nikerbokeri – Kniu-iorkis mcxovrebi, Tavdapirvelad aR-niS navda amerikaSi holandiel mosaxleobas.

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gadasxma-gadmosxmasa da SerevaSi atarebdnen. am gulmodgine Sromisgan erTTavad xviTqi sdiodaT. raili naswavli kaci Canda. qaRaldis xveule-bze is sul angariSobda, galonebi1 unciebSi2, kvartebi3 draqmebSi4 gada-hyavda. makkverki ki, wiTelTvala pirquSi kaci, yoveli dasrulebuli, magram warumatebeli cdiT miRebul miqsturas niJaris milSi Ronivrad da Rrmad gadauSvebda da bilw sityvebsac zed miayolebda xolme. Ees mZime jafa maT ar RlidaT, radgan atacebulni iyvnen diadi surviliT, rogorme raRac sanukvari siTxe mieRoT. amiT or alqimikoss damsgavse-bodnen, oqros miRebas rom eswrafvian elementebisagan.

erT saRamos, samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg, baris Aam ukana oTaxSi kon-ma Seiseirna. mas Pprofesiuli cnobismoyvareoba aRuZra orma ucnaurma barmenma, romelTa barSi aravin svamda, arada yoveldRiurad kinilis sawyobidan ahqondaT da ahqondaT sasmeli da mTlianad DdanTqmuliyvnen TavianT uSedego eqsperimentSi.

ukana kibeze mas ketrini Semoxvda. is dabla eSveboda Cveuli Rimil-iT, gvibara beis5 mzis amosvlas rom moagonebda kacs.

`saRamo mSvidobisa, mister lenTri~. – miesalma qaliSvili kons. – ̀ ax-als ras ityviT, geTayva?~

`iseTi piri uCans, g-g-gawvimdeba~. – SeSinebul Wabuks ena daeba da ke-dels mieyrdno.

`Zalianac kargi~. – miugo ketrinma. – `cota wylis pkureba ar gvawy-enda~.

oTaxSi kons raili da makkverki dauxvdnen. wverosani jadoqrebiviT isini kvlav qancgawyvetiT irjebodnen sasurveli miqsturis misaRebad. ormocdaaTiode boTlidan siTxes asxamdnen, railis gamoTvlebiT xelmZRvanelobdnen, frTxilad wonidnen porciebs, minis did WurWelSi urevdnen da anjRrevdnen. Semdeg makkverki miRebul narevs baknis milSi erTi wyevla-krulviT gadauZaxebda xolme da yvelaferi Tavidan iwye-boda.

`dajeqi, raRac unda giambo~. – uTxra railim kons.`gasul zafxuls me da timi im azrze davdeqiT, rom Tu nikaraguaSi

amerikul bars gavxsnidiT, karg mogebas vnaxavdiT. iq, erT zRvispira qa-laqSi, sadac qinaqinis meti saWmeli ara aris ra da romis meti sasmeli, adgilobrivnic da ucxoelebic gamudmebiT cieb-cxelebiT itanjebian. am tropikuli sneulebisaTvis ki veravin inatrebs gemriel koqteilze ukeTes bunebriv wamals~.

`niu-iorkSi movimarageT sasmeli, baris inventari, SuSis WurWeli da qalaq santa palmisken gemiT gaveSureT. gzaze me da timi kargad gaver-TeT, mfrinav Tevzebs Tvals vayolebdiT, kapitansa da stiuards banqos veTamaSebodiT da Tavs ukve Txis rqis tropikis6 sasmelebis mefeebad mi-viCnevdiT~.

`xuTi saaTiRa rCeboda aRTqmul qveynamde, sadac sasmelebiT vaWro-bis sarfiani biznesis wamowyebas vapirebdiT, rom kapitanma marjvena bortis naktouzTan7 gvixmo da raRaceebi gaixsena~.

`biWebo, damaviwyda, gamefrTxilebineT~, – gviTxra man, – `erTi Tvea, rac nikaraguaSi yoveli boTlis importze ormocdarva procentiani baJi dawesda. ase iyris javrs iqauri prezidenti mas Semdeg, rac ori boTli erTmaneTSi aeria da sawebelis sousis nacvlad cincinaturi8 Sam-puni igema. rac Seexeba kasrebSi Casxmul siTxes, is yovelgvari baJisagan Tavisufalia~.

`netav adre geTqvaT~, – SevwuxdiT Cven. kapitnisgan ori ormocd-aor galoniani kasri SeviZineT, boTlebi gavxseniT da maTi SagTavsi er-Tianad kasrebSi movaqcieT. ormocdarva procentiani baJis gadaxda xels

1 galoni – inglisSi, amerikis SeerTebul Statebsa da rig sxva qveyanaSi Txevadi da fxvieri sxe ulebis sawyao sxvadasxva te-vadobisa (3,5-dan 4,5 litramde).2 uncia – siTxis moculobis zo-mis erTeuli amerikis SeerTe-bul StatebSi, udris 0,2957 litrs.3 kvarta – siTxis moculo-bis zomis erTeuli. amerikaSi udris 0.95 litrs. 4 draqma – siTxis moculobis zomis erTeuli, udris merved uncias.5 gvibara bei – yure irlandiaSi, donegolis sagrafos dasavleT zRvis sanapiroze.6 Txis rqis tropiki - igivea, rac samxreTi tropiki, dedami-wis rukebze datanili xuTi ZiriTadi paralelidan erT-erTi. ganlagebulia ekvatori-dan samxreTiT 23° 26′ 22″ gra-dusze da gansazRvravs ufro samxreT ganeds, romelzedac mze SuadRisas SeiZleba aiwios zenitSi zamTris buniaobis dros. saxelwodeba warmoiSva Txis rqis Tanavarskvlavedi-dan, romelSic `Sedioda~ mze ori aTasi wlis winaT zamTris buniaobisas.7 naktouzi – yuTi gemis kompasi-saTvis.8 cincinati – qalaqi aSS-is Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT, ohaios StatSi.

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62 ivlisi

namdvilad ar gvaZlevda da gadavwyviteT, aTas orasi dolari amgvarad dagvezoga. siTxis gadaRvras varCieT ase miRebuli koqteiliT gvevaWra da gvecada bedi~.

`xmeleTze rom gadavediT, erTi kasri gavxseniT da Sig CavixedeT. miqstura imedis momcemi Canda, boveruli1 bostneulis wvnianis feri dahkravda, gemo ki im yaviani nugbarisa hqonda, deida rom gvTavazobs xolme sayvareli cxenis moparviT danaRvlianebuls. roca erT adgilo-briv zangs oTxi ylupi gavasinjeT, is umal qoqosis palmis qveS gaiSx-larTa, sami dRe quslebiT qviSa tkepna da uari gviTxra, CvenTan saqme daeWira~.

`magram Cven xom meore kasric gvqonda! erTi miTxari, barmeno, gxure-bia odesme yviTellentiani Calis qudi da lamaz qaliSvilTan erTad gi-seirnia haerburTiT, Tan ise, rom jibeSi 8 000 000 dolari gdeboda? ai, is gancda, am RvTaebrivi siTxis erTi ylupis daleviT rom eufleba kacs. misi oriode ylupi ki saxes xelebSi Cagargvevinebs da simwriT gayvirebs imis gamo, rom Zalebis mosasinjad Sens siaxloves aravinaa, garda erTi sacodavi jim jefrisisa2. diax, ser, am meore kasrSi Casxmuli sasmeli brZolis, simdidrisa da saamuri cxovrebis dawmendili eleqsiri aR-moCnda. mas oqrosferi dahkravda, minasaviT gamWvirvale iyo da wyvdi-adis mzis sxiviT gaciskrovnebas hgavda. erTi scade da Tavad daamzade amgvari ram, aTas wels ver eRirseba Seni bari amas~.

`ase rom, biznesi am erTaderTi koqteilis imediT wamoviwyeT da, unda giTxra, gagvimarTla. iqauri Wreli jentri futkris jariviT dagvesia. merwmune, Cveni erTi kasri mTel qveyanas rom gaswvdomoda, is umal dedamiwis uZlieres saxelmwifod gadaiqceoda. dilaobiT, roca savaWro farduls vxsnidiT, mis win generlebis da polkovnikebis, eqs-prezidentebis da revolucionerebis wyeba gvxvdeboda, isini adrianad iWerdnen rigs Cvens molodinSi. Tavidan vaWroba ormocdaaTi vercxlis centiT daviwyeT. bolo aTi galoni ufro iolad, ylupi xuT dolarad gasaRda. es saswaulebrivi sasmeli adamianebs mxneobas matebda, samoqm-edod ambiciebs da nebisyofas uZlierebda, Tan arc imaze anaRvlebda, WuWyis suni sdioda Tu ara naSovn fuls. roca kasri naxevramde daicala, nikaraguam erovnuli vali uaryo, sigaretze baJi moxsna da cota daak-lda, omi ar gamoucxada SeerTebul Statebsa da ingliss~.

`ai, ra SemTxvevis wyalobiT aRmovaCineT sasmelTa mefe! ra iqneba, bedma kvlav gagviRimos! ukve meaTe Tvea, amas veswrafviT. TiTqmis yvela ingredienti movsinjeT, rac ki sasmelTa profesiaSia cnobili, patar-patara porciebiT erTmaneTs SevurieT, magram saxarbielo veraferi mi-viReT. imdeni viskiT, brendiT, liqioriT, jiniT da RviniT, me da timi rom vRvriT, aTi baris gaZRolas SeZlebda kaci. ra dasanani da samwux-aroa, romD am saucxoo sasmels ar icnobs msoflio. es xom auracxeli fu-lis kargvaa. SeerTebuli Statebis saxelmwifo unda miesalmos da xeli Seuwyos mis warmoebas!~

Txrobis dros makkverki saqmes ar cdeboda. didi sifrTxiliT wonida da urevda sxvadasxva spirtiani sasmelis porciebs, railis fanqari mo-emarjvebina da gamoTvlil proporciebs karnaxobda Tavisi Sedgenili bolo receptidan. miRebuli miqstura erTTavad ugemuri, Sokoladis-feri da amRvreuli gamodioda. makkverki mas gemos usinjavda, uSveri epiTetebiT amkobda da niJaraSi asxamda~.

`ucnauri istoriaa, Tu marTalia~. – Cailaparaka konma. – `axla ki unda wavide, vaxSmobis droa~.

`Sesvi, romelic gnebavs~. – SesTavaza railim. – `yvelanairi sasmeli gvaqvs garda im erTisa, romlis receptic davkargeT~.

1 boveri – igive bavri, quCisa da mcire ubnis saxeli niu-iorkSi, manhetenis samxreT nawilSi, sai-uveliro xelobisa da savaWro duqnebis istoriuli centri. SemdgomSi aRiqmeboda rogorc qalaqis `fskeri~ – narkomanebis, loTebis da sxva antisocial-uri elementebis TavSeyris da RamisTevis adgili.2 jim jefrisi – jeims jekson jefrisi (1875-1953), amerike-li profesionali boqsiori, msoflio Cempioni zemZime wo-naSi.

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`magar sasmelebs ar geaxlebiT“. – miugo konma. –E`cota xnis win mis ketrins Sevxvdi kibeze da Mman utyuari WeSmariteba mamcno: `ylup wyals qveyanaze araferi Seedrebao~.

datova Tu ara konma isini, railim ise Zlier Cascxo xeli zurgSi makkverks, rom kinaRam Zirs dasca megobari.

`gaigone, ra Tqva?~ – daiRriala man.O– `ram gamogvaCerCeta ase? Cven xom eqvsi duJini boTli sufris wyali gvqonda!.. Sen ar gaxseni isini?.. romel kasrSi Caasxi wyali, romel kasrSi, Se briyvo?~

`mgoni, meored rom gavxseniT, imaSi.~ – upasuxa makkverkma duned, – `maxsovs, gverdze lurji qaRaldis iarliyi hqonda mikruli~.

`axla ki mivaRwevT sawadels~, – SesZaxa railim. – `wyali, ai, ra gvak-lda, saswaulmoqmedi wyali! Aaba, Cqara, gaqusle da baridan ori boTli sufris wyali amoarbenine, sanam me proporciebs gamoviTvli fanqriT~.

erTi saaTis Semdeg koni kinilis kafesken trotuars miuyveboda. erTguli mosamsaxureebi dasvenebis saaTebSic ase moinaxuleben xolme im aremares, sadac muSaoben. MmaTTvis am adgils raRac idumali mimzid-veloba aqvs.

gverdiTa karTan Ppoliciis sapatrulo manqana idga. samiode marjve policiels raili da mikkverki manqanisaken Zliv-ZlivobiT mihyavda da cdilobda, rogorme mis safexurebze Seeyenebina. maT saxe da Tvalebi CalurjebodaT, Zlieri sisxlismRvreli Cxubis niSnad Wrilobebi das-tyobodaT. jer kidev ar damcxraliyvnen, ucnaurad mxiarulobdnen da policias eCxubebodnen SeSlilni.

`erTmaneTs daerivnen ukana oTaxSi da amRerdnen!~ – ganumarta ki-nilim kons. – `es cudad meniSna. yvelaferi milew-molewes. magram isini mainc kargi xalxia, samduravi ar meTqmis. vici, yvelafrisTvis gadaix-dian. raRac axali koqteilis gamogonebas cdilobdnen Turme.A ai, naxav, xval diliT uvneblebi dabrundebian~.

koni ukana oTaxisken gaemarTa brZolis velis sanaxavad. holSi rom gadioda, Tvali mohkra ketrins, qaliSvili kibeze eSveboda.

`kidev saRamo mSvidobisa, mister lenTri~. – miesalma qaliSvili. – `rame axali xom ar SegityviaT amindisa?“

`kvlav w-wvimaa mosalodneli~. – miugo konma da ukan daixia. gakri-alebuli loyebi wiTlad SeRebvoda.

railisa da makkverks marTlac xelCarTuli megobruli brZola gae-marTaT. yvelgan damtvreuli boTlebi da Wiqebi eyara. oTaxis haeri alkoholis suniT gaJRenTiliyo. iataki spirtiani sasmelebis laqebiT aWrelebuliyo.

magidaze ocdaTormetunciiani, dagraduirebuli Wiqa idga. Mmis fskerze ori sufris kovzi mbzinavi oqrosferi siTxe esxa, TiTqos pati-mars saknis ZirSi mzis Suqi Seukavebiao.

konma siTxes dasuna. gemo gausinja. dalia.roca holSi brundeboda, ketrini zeviTken miuyveboda kibes.`kidev araferia axali, mister lenTri? – gamojavrebiT da RimiliT

hkiTxa man.konma qaliSvils xeli dastaca da aiyvana.`axali is aris, rom male davqorwindebiT~.`damsviT, ser~, – iyvira aRSfoTebulma qalma, – `Torem,.. oh, kon, ra-

tom ver bedavdi amis Tqmas aqamde, ratom?~

inglisuridan Targmna maia cercvaZem

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64 ivlisi

saRamos lenci isev mobrunda, roca oTaxs ukve bindi efineboda. qal-

baton oberlins miaSura, gverdiT daujda da uambo:

– ymawvilqali oTaxSi mimodioda da RiRinebda, misi yoveli mixra-

moxra simRera iyo, mis bageTagan bedniereba ifrqveoda da Cems sulSi

iRvreboda. Semomxedavda, Tavs momayrdnobda da mec myisve davmSvidde-

bodi... sulmTlad bavSvia. samyaro albaT nametnavad didi eCveneboda,

saxlis yvelaze viwro kunWulSi SeiyuJeboda, TiTqos mxolod im cicqna

adgilas egeboda gancda netarebisa. mec igive memarTeboda; sulmTlad

bavSvad viqceodi, TamaSis Jins ayolil bavSvad. axla ki rogor damivi-

wrovda, damemcro Tvalsawieri! iciT, xandaxan meCveneba, xeli rom aviq-

nio, cargvals momixvdeba-meTqi. vixrCobi, meti Cara aRara maqvs. amas zed

erTvis fizikuri gancda tkivilisa, ai, aq, marcxena mxares, mklavSi, ro-

melsac mas movxvevdi xolme. magram axla gogonas xati ganmiqarda, Cems

warmodgenas ganerida da amis Segneba mtanjavs. aTasSi erTxel, goneba

rom gaminaTdeba, maSin Tu vigrZnob xolme Tavs Zalian kargad.

Semdeg kidev ramdenimejer wamoiwyo qalbaton oberlinTan saubari,

magram sul nawyvet-nawyvet, mieTmoeTi. qalma bevri vera nugeSi uTxra,

Tumca misi naTqvami lencs mainc odnav miesalbuna.

amasobaSi grZeldeboda TviTgvema religiuri. Sinagani sicivis, si-

carielis da sikvdilis gancdis matebisdakval izrdeboda misi wadili

sakuTar sulSi daegzno cecxli. im xanebs igonebda, roca duRda da gad-

modioda, ros grZnobaTa korianteli moeWreboda xolme da gaTangavda.

axla ki mkvdars daemsgavsa. imedi sulmTlad gadaewura, pirqve daemxo,

xelebs imtvrevda, TiToeul nakvTs atokebda, magram sul tyuil-

ubralod, – kvlav sicive, sicariele! Semdeg RmerTs Seevedra, momiv-

lineoO niSani wyalobisa. sakuTar Tavs igvemda, marxulobda, dawveboda

iatakze da ocnebas ahyveboda.

surwyunisis sams Seityo, fudeis TemSi bavSvi daiRupao, gogona. idea

fiqsad gadaeqca es ambavi. Tavis oTaxs miaSura da mTeli dRe imarxula.

oTx ricxvSi igi qalbaton oberlinTan gamocxadda naxSiriT pirgamuru-

li da qali daafeTa. uTxra, Zveli tomara momeciTo. Txovna ausrules.

tomara tanze Semoixvia monanie codvilis msgavsad da fudeisaken mima-

val gzas gaudga. xeobis binadarni, mis oinebs miCveulni, aTas ucnaur ra-

mes hyvebodnen masze. lenci miadga saxls, saca bavSvi esvena. damxvdure-

bi iq gulgrili saxismetyvelebiT fusfusebdnen. oTaxi aCvenes. bavSvi

ficrul magidaze dafenil Tivaze esvena, perangisamara.

Sezara gacivebuli sxeulis Sexebam da odnav Riad darCenili Tvale-

bis xilvam. yvelasgan mitovebuli eCvena sacodavi da Tavis Tavic sao-

crad martoeuli daigula. igi daemxo cxedars. sikvdilis eldam Seipy-

ro, mwvave tkivilma gaTanga. nuTu es pawia, mSvidi saxe unda gaixrwnas?

muxli moiyara da mwuxarebiT sasowarkveTili Seevedra ufals, hyav sas-

wauli da gaacocxleo bavSvi... mere sulmTlad Caiketa sakuTar TavSi da

erTi punqtisaken warmarTa srulad Tvisi neba-survili. didxans ijda

garinduli, mere wamoimarTa, bavSvis xels CasWida xeli da izraxa xma-

maRla, STamagoneblad:

georg biuxneri

lenci(dasasruli. dasawyisi #6)

ivlisi 65

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– adeq da gaiare!1

magram pasuxad gaCqamda oden kedelTa eqo, dacinvisdari, xolo bavS-

vis cxedari kvlavindeburad civi iyo2. maSin lenci gonmixdili ganerTxa

miwas; mere wamoxta da gavarda mTaSi.

mowanwale Rrublebi JamiJam gadaefarebodnen xolme mTvares da

MmwuxrSi gaaxvevdnen garemos, mere gamoWiatdeboda Ramis mTiebi da mis

Suqze gakrTeboda burusmoburuli bunebis xati. lenci aRma-daRma da-

hqroda da mis gulSi zarzeimobda jojoxeTis sagalobeli. qari titanis

sagalobels agugunebda. lenci hgonebda, xels Tu aRvmarTav, zecas av-

awvden, RmerTs CavWideb, Tvisiv RrublebSi gavtyorcni, mere samyaros

kbilebiT davRrRni da RmerTs saxeSi mivafurTxebo. ificebda, mkrex-

elobas iqmoda. mTis Txemze aaRwia, naxa, undili Suqi dabla TeTr tinebs

efineboda, zeca SteriviT aWyetda cal Tvals da mTvares sasacilo Suq-

ze aCenda. lencma xmamaRla gaicina, RvTis rwmenisagan sulmTlad gani-

Zarcva, urwmunobam dahria xeli da gaTanga. weRandeli mZafri gancdebi

ukvalod gauqra, Seamcivna. Tavisi sawoli moenatra, gulgaciebuli,

yovelT grZnobaTagan ganZarculi gaudga gzas Sinisaken. ukan, wyvdiadSi

mtkice nabijiT midioda. sirbiliT mivida Sin da Tavis logins miaSura.

meore dRes lenci SeaSfoTa guSindeli gancdis gaxsenebam. axla

ufskrulis pirad idga giJur Jins ayolili, kvlav zecisken Tvalapyro-

bili, raTa xelaxla egrZno igive tanjva. mere TandaTan Seipyro SiSma,

vai Tu damZalos wadilma suliwmindis SebRalvisao.

gavida ramdenime dRe. oberlini Sveicariidan bevrad ufro adre da-

brunda, vidre elodnen. lenci Secba mis danaxvaze. magram mere gamxi-

arulda, rodesac Tvisi elzaseli megobrebis ambavi Seityo. oberlini

oTaxSi bolTas scemda da ixsenebda mTis da barisas. pfefilic3 moixse-

nia, soflis mRvdeli, da xotbiT Seamko igi. mere lencs mimarTa, dahyevi

Seni mamis nebas, Sin dabrundi da isev Sens saqmes, mwerlobas mokide xeli,

ded-mamas saTanado pativi unda mivagoTo, urCevda. arigebda, misma sity-

vebma lenci aaforiaqa. man mwared amoigmina, cremli aRrCobda, nawyvet-

nawyvetad ambobda saTqmels.

– ho, magram amas ver gadavitan. gindaT Tavidan momiciloT? RmerTis-

ken mimaval gzas uTqvenoT ver gavigneb. Tumca me xom gzas acdenili kaci

var, Cemi wirva gamosulia, maradi uria4 var, samudamod dawyevlili.

oberlinma upasuxa: – amisTvis evno ieso qriste! gulmxurvale locva

aRavline da ufali Segiwyalebs!

lencma Tavi aswia, xelebi moifSvnita da uTxra:

– oh, oh, RvTis wyaloba! – mere uceb Tavazianad SeekiTxa, is ymawvili

qali rasa iqmso. oberlinma qalisa araferi uwyoda, magram rCeviT da

saqmiT Tanadgoma aRuTqva yvelaferSi, oRond misi saxeli da samyofeli

miTxari da saqmis viTarebaSi gamarkvieo. lenci luRluRiT gaepasuxa:

– o, RmerTo, nuTu momikvda angelosi? Tu cocxalia? rogor miy-

varda da masac vuyvardi. Rirsi iyo Tayvaniscemisa Cemi angelosi. Cems

ukuRmarT eWvianobas5 gadavayole. qals kidev erTi ymawvili uyvarda, me

miyvarda qali, igi Rirs iyo siyvarulis, mere Cemi kargi dediko, masac

vuyvardi. me mkvleli var!

oberlinma miugo:

– iqneb es xalxi cocxalia da kargad aris?! Tu gangebam ineba da

RmerTma mogvxeda, igi SeniSnavs Sens cremls, Seismens Sens Txovnas da

imodena sikeTes miagebs Sens saTayvanebel adamianebs, rom gadaaviwyebs

Sengan miyenebul yovelgvar wyenas...

lenci TandaTan damSvidda da Tavis ferwerul tilos mi ubrunda.

1. ase mimarTa ieso qristem dav-rdomilT (maTe 9,5; markozi 2,9; luka 5, 23) am didebul epizods SaravandiT mosavs markozis alu-zia: `man aiRo bavSvis xeli da uTx-ra: taliTa kumi!~ rac niSnavs `Sen geubnebi, gogona, adeq!~ (markozi), aseve lazares aRdgineba (iovane 11).

2. es epizodi biuxners STaagona pastor oberlinis mier gadarCe-nili bavSvis ambavma, ris gamoc mas saswaulmoqmedi uwodes.

3. gotfrid konrad pfefeli (1736-1809), elzaseli germanu-lenovani mwerali, dramaturgi, meigave. biuxneri icnobda pfe-felis Semoqmedebas. biuxneris dramatul fragmentSi `voiceki~ kapitanTan saubarSi mTavari gmi-ri erTgan ambobs: `Tu zecad av-maRldebiT, ufals Weqa-quxilis darisxebaSi davexmarebiT~ – es sityvebi warmoadgens Tavisufal parafrazas pfefelis social-kritikuli leqsis, `iostis~ erTi pasaJisa.

4. ahasferma, ierusalimelma me-waRem, golgoTaze jvriT mimaval iesos uari uTxra Txovnaze da ar darTo neba qari amoeRo misi sax-lis win. maSin uTqvams iesos: `me ganvisveneb da Sen iare!~ amis Sem-deg ahasferi gauTaveblad mog-zaurobs am qveynad da sikvdili ar ekareba. maradi ebraelis Tema mravalma mweralma daamuSava Su-asaukuneobrivi saxalxo wignebis mixedviT (haine, Subarti, Samiso, arnimi, anderseni, hamerlingi, lagerkvisti).

5. ukuRmarT eWvianobas ga-daayola lencma Tavisi satrfos keTilganwyoba, igi Tavbeds iwyev-lis da hgonia, rom amrigad mokla qali. ufrore cxadad da dramis Janrisdakval ufro meti simZaf-riT warmoCinda eWvianobis moti-vi biuxneris `voicekSi~, aq len-ciseul avadmyofur warmodgenas enacvleba tragikuli WeSmarite-ba – eWvianobis niadagze voiceki klavs sayvarel qals, Tavis erTa-derT qomags, marias.

№ 7 2010

66 ivlisi

naSuadRevs isev gamoCnda. marcxena mxarze qaTibi hqonda gadafenili,

xelSi epyra wnelis kona, rac oberlinma werilTan erTad Camoutana. gauwo-

da wneli da uTxra, amiT gamwkepleo. oberlinma wneli gamoarTva, ramdenime

kocna aRbeWda mis tuCebze da upasuxa:

– me mxolod amgvari dartyma SemiZlia mogayeno. Sen daimSvide guli

da Tavad mimarTe RmerTs. arcara dartymas ZaluZs arcerTi Seni cod-

vis gaqarwyleba, amas ieso iqms mxolod da mxolod, imas mimarTe! – Tqva

oberlinma da ganeSora.

vaxSmobis Jams lenci odnav sevdiani iyo rogorc yovelTvis, musai-

fobda, SiSneuli aCqarebiT hyveboda saTqmels. SuaRamisas oberlini

xmaurma gamoaRviZa. lenci darboda ezoSi, mqise, yru, sasowarkveTil

kiloze uxmobda friderikes, mere Wispira varclSi Caxta, ifarTxala,

adga, Tavis oTaxSi airbina, Semdeg isev varcls miaSura da ase ramodeni-

mejer. da Zlivs, TandaTan daSoSminda. moaxle gogonebi, romelTac misi

samyofos qvemoT, gamdelis oTaxSi eZinaT, Ciodnen, RamRamobiT zemodan

iseTi Rriali gaismis, TiTqos naRaras ayvirebeno. wuxandeli lencis go-

deba ki gansakuTrebiT xafi iyo, amazrzeni, sasowarkveTilio.

momdevno dilas lenci kargaxans ar gamoCenila. oberlinma Tavad

aakiTxa oTaxSi da naxa mwoliare, uZravi, mSvidi. kargaxans ekiTxeboda,

vidre pasuxi daacdenina. lencma bolos amoTqva, rogorc iqna:

– diax, batono pastoro, iciT, momewyina, diax, mowyeniloba dameu-

fla! axla saTqmelic aRaraferi gamaCnia; ai kedeli ki aTasnairi aRnaqv-

siT mivxate!

oberlinma urCia, RmerTs mimarTeo. lencs gaecina da miugo:

– eh, me rom TqvensaviT bednieri viyo, Tqvennairad kai dros rom va-

tarebde, maSin me marTla movixelTebdi saCemo saqmes. yvelaferi mo-

clilobisgana gvWirs. erTni mowyenilobis gamo loculoben, meoreni

siyvaruls eZeben mowyenilobisgan, zogni qvel saqmeT, mavanni ki mkrex-

elobas kisruloben mowyenis gamo, xolo me ki, sacodavi, ra maqnisi var, –

sulac arafris, Tavis mokvlis Tavic ara maqvs mowyenilobis gadamkide!

RmerTo, maRalo, Sens sxivTa CqerSi,

Seni SuadRis sikaSkaSeSi

damevso Tvali,

gvaRirse Rame!

oberlini ukmayofilo ieriT usmenda. is iyo wasvla daapira, rom len-

ci mivarda, SiSneuli mzera miapyro da uTxra:

– iciT, guliT mwadia gavarkvio, Tu kvlavac SemomrCa unari sizmar-

cxadis garCevisa. modi, vimsjeloT! – Tqva da isev Sewva loginSi.

oberlinma saRamoxans coli samezobloSi gaistumra da Tavadac wasv-

lis Tadarigi daiWira. is iyo gasvla daapira, rom karze kakuni Semoesma.

lenci Semovida welSi mokakuli, TavCaqindruli, muriT saxegaTxupnu-

li, tansacmelzedac ecxo aqa-iq muri, marjvena xeli marcxenaze hqonda

wavlebuli, movida da oberlins mimarTa TxovniT:

– Tu SeiZleba mklavi gamiWime, albaT fanjridan gadmoxtomisas viRr-

Ze es dalocvili. mgoni, aravis davunaxivar da arca vis minda gavumxilo!

oberlini dafeTda. magram krinti aRar dauZravs. Txovna Seusrula.

mere werili dawera belefoseli maswavleblis, sebastian Saidekeris

saxelze, Txovda, Camodio, rom morCa, lenci daariga, cxenze amxedrda

da wavida.

dabarebuli maswavlebeli gamocxadda. lencs igi adrec ramdenime-

jer unaxavs da Tanadgomac uTxovia. stumari ise moiqca, TiTqos mxolod

oberlinTan sasaubrod iyo mosuli. wasvla rom daapira, lencma Txova

ivlisi 67

№ 7 2010

darCio, datova da fudeiSi qveiTad gaseirnebaze daiyolia. iq im bavS-

vis saflavi moinaxules, visi mkvdreTiT aRdgenasac Seecada lenci. man

ramdenimejer moidrika muxli, saflavis miwas kocnida, guldaTuTquli

loculobda Cumad, TavisTvis; saflavze gaxarebul yvavilis varjs pa-

wia rto mowiwkna samaxsovrod valdbaxisken mimaval gzas daadga da mere

isev gamobrunda. sebastiani gverdidan ar Sordeboda. lenci drodadro

nabijs Seanelebda, saocari sisuste vigrZeni kidurebSio, etyoda Tanmx-

lebs da xanac Tavqudmoglejili gaiqceoda win. bunebis suraTi akrTobda,

eSinoda, vaiTu am siviwroveSi rames davejaxoo. eniT uTqmelma melanqo-

liam daria xeli. Tanamgzavrmac Tavi moabezra, aRar icoda, ratom aikida

da amitom cdilobda xelidan daZvromoda. sebastianic viTom yvelaferze

kvers ukravda, Tumca moaxerxa da Tavis Zmas Seatyobina, saSiSi mdgomare-

oba Seiqmnao da lencs erTis magivrad ukve meore zedamxedvelic amoudga

mxarSi. lencs mainc jiutad mihyavda orTave Tavisi gziT. bolos, rogorc

iqna valdbaxisken Semobrunda. sofels rom miuaxlovdnen, uecrad el-

vasaviT mowyda adgilidan da qurcikiviT gavarda ukan, fudeisaken. ze-

damxedvelebi daedevnen. fudeiSi maT mewvrilmane SemoxvdaT, erT saxlSi

viRac ucnobi hyavT gabawruli, amtkicebs, mkvleli varo, Tumca zedve

etyoba, rom mkvleli ar ariso. mividnen zedamxedvelebi da lenci naxes

bawriT Sekruli. erT ymawvilkacs miadga Turme da aRar moeSva, vidre

bawriT ar gaakoWina Tavi. megzurebma xel-fexi Seuxsnes da mSvidobianad

Caiyvanes valdbaxs. oberlini da misi meuRle amasobaSi dabrunebuliyvnen

da xizans elodebodnen. lenci Secbunebuli Canda. Tavazianma, gulTbil-

ma daxvedram kvlav daubruna mxneoba, sandomiani saxismetyveleba. Tavis

orive Tanxlebs didi madloba moaxsena. saRamom mSvidobianad Caiara.

oberlini Seevedra, Ram-RamobiT Wyumpalaobas moeSvi, iweqi SenTvis wyna-

rad loginSi da Tu Zili gagityda, RmerTTan imusaifeo. ase moviqcevio,

dahyabulda lenci da kidevac Seusrula Txovna. moaxle gogoebs mTeli

Rame CaesmodaT Turme misi locva.

diliT kmayofili ieriT Camovida oTaxSi oberlinTan. sxvadasxva sa-

ganze saubars rom morCnen, lencma didi TavaziT moaxsena:

– Cemo keTilo batono moZRvaro, me rom vaxsene, is ymawvilqali gar-

daicvala, is angelosi!

– Tqven saidan iciT?

– ieroglifebi, batono Cemo, ieroglifebi! mere zecas axeda da dasZina:

– diax, momikvda! – ieroglifebi!

amis Tqma iyo da meti krinti aRar dauZravs. dajda, ramodenime werili

dawera, oberlins gadasca da Txova, erTi-ori striqoni Senc aqve miawereo.

misi mdgomareoba TandaTan sul uardauar midioda. gaqra simSvide,

oberlinis siaxloviTa da xeobis xilviT mogvrili. UuSvelebeli bzari

daaCnda6 samyaros, TavSesafrad dagulvebuls. aRar ebada arca zizRi,

arc siyvaruli, aRarc imedi, sulSi Semzaravma sicarielem daisadgura

da tanjavda verqmna imisi Sevsebisa. sul aRaraferi ebada. cnobierebis

karnaxiT ki ara, aramed oden Sinagani instinqtiT moqmedebda. mxolod

DdaSTenils moeWreboda usaSvelo grZnoba martoobisa, qadagad davarde-

boda, yviroda, mere sakuTari xma sxvisad moeCveneboda da SekrTeboda, wi-

nadadebis daboloebas veRar movaxerxebo; mere ifiqrebda, bolo sityvas

davixsomeb da mis gameorebas movyvebio; didi Zalisxmeva sWirdeboda am

wadilis dasaZlevad. keTil maspinZlebs gulis siRrmemde SeZravda xolme

mSvid, Zaldautanebel saubris dros stumars uceb rom zafra aeSlebo-

da, gverdiT mjdoms CasWidebda xels da karga xnis Semdeg moegeboda gons.

martoobaSi wignis kiTxvis dros uaresi emarTeboda, mTeli misi gonebrivi

6. Sdr. biuxneris drama `dan-tonis sikvdili~, 111, 1. `ici, me ratom vevne? – ai aq gaxlavT aTeizmis Tavi da bolo. tki-viliT qmnili odnavi qrol-vac, Tund erT atomsac rom aatokebs, TaviT bolomde ga-mWol bzars daaCnevs xolme samyaros~. metafizikuri meta-fora samyaros gamxleC bzarisa xSirad gvxvdeba bidermaierisa da (1848 wlis) martis revolu-ciis winaxanebis kazmulsityva-obaSi, magaliTad, `vinc daiqad-nebs, Cemi guli mTeli darCao, igi gagvimxels, rom prozauli, Sors gandgomili, xeneSi gulis patroni yofila~. hainrix hai-ne, `mogzaurobis suraTebi, lu-kas abanoebi, Tavi IV~.

№ 7 2010

68 ivlisi

aqtivoba erT azrs Seacivdeboda xolme. Tu ucxo adamianze dafiqrdebo-

da da mas cocxlad warmoidgenda, maSin is kaci egona Tavi. Tavgza sulmT-

lad aebneoda da zmanebebSi gadasaxlebuli Tavis Semogarens, bunebasa

da adamiansac udierad, civad epyroboda, suyvelas, garda oberlinisa.

siamovnebda saxlebis Tavdayira dayeneba, adamianis gaSiSvleba da kvlav

Semosva, ukiduresad damTxveuli oinbazoba. drodadro mouvlida dauZ-

leveli HJini imwams aCemebuli kvimati azris ganxorcielebisa da saSinel

manWva-grexas mohyveboda. erTxel oberlinis gverdiT ijda oTaxSi, mis

pirdapir skamze kata mokalaTebuliyo. lenci erTbaSad gamoSterda da

Tvali jiutad miapyro katas, mere skamqveS Casrialda da katac Caiyola,

mzeriT monusxuli kata SiSisagan aiZagra, bewvi aeSala, lencic katasaviT

akrutunda da daimanWa. kaci da kata gaafTrebiT ecnen erTmaneTs, Zlivs

gaaSvela qalbatonma oberlinma isini. mere lencma daimorcxva. Rameuli

gamoxdomebi usaSvelod gauxSirda. sicarielis amovsebis amao mcde-

lobis Semdeg Zalian uWirda xolme daZineba. koSmaruli Zil-RviZilis

motevnisas amazrzeni, giJuri zmaneba aitacebda, sakuTar Rrialis xmaze

oflSi gawuruls gaeRviZeboda; gons mogeba umartives saganTa gaTavise-

biT ewyeboda, Tumca Tavad ki ar iqmoda amas, aramed TviTSenaxvis mZlavri

instinqti ubiZgebda: egona ori varo da TiTqos SeSinebuli erTi nawili

SemouZaxebda, meoris gadasarCenad wamovidoda da ambebis Txrobas, leq-

sebis mxatvrul kiTxvas mohyveboda.

dRisiTac emarTeboda amgvari da uaresi Setevebi, rac misi janmrTe-

lobis gauaresebas mowmobda, adre sinaTle ifaravda maTgan. ucabedad

moeCveneboda, martodmarto var da samyaro oden Cemeul warmodgenaSi

arsebobso, TavaT wyeuli satana varo, sakuTar warmodgenebTan ganmar-

toebuli. tyviis uswrafes gauelvebda Tvalwin Tavisi sicocxle da bo-

los ityoda – logikuria, batono, logikuri! – da Tu vinme Seesityve-

boda, maSin: – alogikuri, alogikurio. sigiJis ufskruli afCenda xaxas,

sigiJe maradisobas gadawvdenili.

sulieri TviTSenaxvis instinqti wamoagdebda, gadaexveoda oberlins

da ise magrad Caixutebda, ToTqos mis sxeulSi SeyuJvas apirebso. ober-

lini erTaderTi arseba iyo, vinc misTvis cocxlobda da mis sicocxles

sacnaurhyofda. oberlinis sityva nelinel ubrunebda lencs cnobiere-

bas; lenci akankalebuli dauCoqebda, xelSi xels CasWidebda da mego-

bris kalTaSi Caamxobda civi ofliT danamul saxes. oberlini suliTa da

guliT TanaugrZnobda, mTeli ojaxi muxlmodrekiT evedreboda RmerTs

satanjvelisgan daexsna ubeduri, moaxle gogoebi lencis danaxvaze

gafrTxebodnen xolme, – giJad Seracxes. cotaTi rom dawynardeboda,

bavSviviT gulamomjdari qviTinebda, Zalian ecodeboda Tavi. Tumc amave

dros es misi gancxromis wuTebic iyo. oberlini RmerTze Camoagdebda

sityvas. lenci wynarad miubrundeboda da ukiduresad tanjuli saxisme-

tyvelebiT etyoda:

– magram me, yovlisSemZle rom viyo, gesmiT, gesmiT aseTi rom viyo,

me aravis movuvlendi tanjvas, me vuSvelidi, gadavarCendi. me simSvidis

meti ara minda ra, simSvide da kvlavac simSvide, mcire simSvide, rom Tva-

li mainc mivlulo!

oberlinis SeniSvnas, – mkrexelobas Tavi anebeo, lencma uimedo Tavis

gaqneviT upasuxa.

amasobaSi gaumravlda Tavis mokvlis uniaTo mcdelobani. isini imde-

nad sikvdilis surviliT ki ar iyo nakarnaxevi, – sikvdili misTvis arc

imeds moaswavebda da arc damSvidebas, igi Tavze xels aiRebda xolme

SiSis zarsa da ararsebobasTan wilnayar simSvidis wamSi, rom gons moh-

ivlisi 69

№ 7 2010

geboda fizikuri tkivilis zemoqmedebiT. jerac siames hgvridnen is wa-

mebi, odes misi suli, Slegur ideebs ayolili, danavardobda. maSin od-

nav daSoSmindeboda da misi amRvreuli mzera ise avadsanaxavi aRar Canda,

viT gamometyveleba marad tanjuli, Svelis mavedrebeli kacisa. xSirad

kedels uCaCqunebda Tavs, anda sxvagvarad igvemda sxeuls.

rva ricxvSi diliT loginidan ar amdgara da oberlinma aakiTxa oTax-

Si. is TiTqmis sulmTlad SiSveli, aforiaqebuli iwva sawolze. oberli-

ni Seecada sabani daefarebina. lencma SesCivla:

– memZimeba, sulyvelaferi memZimeba, arc mgonia, Tu fexze dadgomas

SevZleb, axla rogorc iqna vigrZeni, ra usaSvelod damZimda haeri!

oberlini amxnevebda, magram lencma poza mainc ar Seicvala da dRis

umetesi nawili isev sawolSi gaatara, arc saWmlisTvis uxlia xeli.

saRamoxans oberlini avadmyofTan gaiwvies belefoseSi. amo amindi

iyo, mTvariani. ukan mimavals lenci Semoxvda. sulmTlad gonieris STa-

beWdilebas tovebda, wynarad, TavaziT musaifobda. Sors nu waxvalo,

Txova oberlinma da daiyolia. lenci gzas gaudga, magram uecrad mo-

brunda, oberlins mieWra da uTxra:

– iciT, batono pastoro, es xma rom aRar gamagona, iqneba meSvelos!

– mainc ra xma, Cemo kargo?

– nuTu Tqven ar gesmiT, ar gesmiT sazareli gniasi, mTels horozonts

gadawvdenili, siCumes rom uwodeben Cveulebriv, Tqvens wynar xeobaSi

mosvlis dRidanve Camesmis yurSi, Zili warmiRo savsebiT! eh, batono pas-

toro, erTxel mainc rom damaZina! – Tqva da Tavis qneviT gaSorda.

oberlini marto mibrunda valdbaxSi, fiqrobda vinmes davadevnebo,

magram kibeze nabijis Cqami gaigona da naxa, rom lenci Tavis oTaxSi adio-

da. wami gamoxda da ezoSi raRacam yru bragvani moiRo. adamianis dacemis

xmovaneba ar iqnebao, gaivlo gulSi, magram movarda ZiZa. gafiTrebuli,

akankalebuli...

gulgacivebuli, damorCilebuli ijda lenci xeobidan dasavlis mi-

marTulebiT mimaval etlSi. axla misTvis sul erTi iyo, saiT mihyavdaT.

etli gzis saxifaTo monakveTs rom gaivlida, is mainc srul simSvides

inarCunebda. am ganwyobiT gaiares mTianeTis gza. saRamos ukve rainis

xeobaSi Cavidnen. neli-nel SordebodaT mTagrexili, daisis muqlurj

tatnobze Zowisfer Zewkvad gabmuli. dablobis mijnaze aburcul mTis-

Zirs cisferi maqmani efineboda. strasburgs rom miuaxlovdnen, ukve

bneldeboda. maRla ekida badri mTvare, mrumed ilandebodnen Sori

sagnebi, oden mTagrexilis konturebi Cinobdnen mkveTrad. dedamiwa

mohgavda mTvaris sxivTa varayiT Semkul oqros Tass. lenci, TiTqos

yovelT vnebaTgan daclili, TvalgaSterebuli imzireboda, magram rac

ufro iTqvifebodnen bnelSi sagnebi, miT ufro metad eufleboda gauc-

nobierebeli SiSi. iZulebulni gaxdnen sastumrosaTvis miekiTxaT Ramis

gasaTevad. igi kvlav ramodenimejer Seecada Tavis mokvlas, magram fxiz-

lad darajobdnen zedamxedvelebi.

wvimiani, amRvreuli dila Tendeboda, strasburgs rom Cavidnen.

lencs sakmaod gonivrulad eWira Tavi. damxvdurebs gamoelaparaka,

yvelafers iqmoda, rasac sxvebi akeTebdnen; magram sazarelma sicari-

elem daisadgura mis sulSi, SiSs aRar grZnobda, wadili aRar gaaCnda

araviTari da savaldebulo tvirTad eqca sicocxle.

ase miaTrevda amieridan wuTisofels.

germanulidan Targmna zurab abaSiZem

№ 7 2010

70 ivlisi

ukvdavi saxelebi

Tekle (Tekla) batoniSvili (1776-

1846) erekle II-isa da darejan (daria)

giorgi dadianis asulis nabolara

qaliSvili iyo, simkvircxlis gamo

pataraobisas `Tekla biWs~ eZaxdnen

da es metsaxeli oTxiode wlisas er-

ekle II-m saxalisod gacemuli da be-

Weddasmuli sigeliT `daumkvidra~

kidevac: ̀ giboZeT es sigeli Sen, Cvens

qals Teklas biWs. Tumcaa aqamdis Sen

yvelasagan qalad iyavi cnobili, ma-

gram amieriTgan giwyalobebT biWis

saxels da vubrZanebT yvela Sens

Zmebs da debs, amieridan giwodon

Tekla biWi~. sigels `amtkiceben~

Teklas biZa anton kaTalikosi da Zma

iulon batoniSvili (kakabaZe 1914:

133). SemorCenilia agreTve erekle

II-is ramdenime werili Teklasadmi,

romlebSic Cans mamis gansakuTreb-

uli siTbo da mzrunveloba gamor-

Ceulad sayvareli asulis mimarT:

`Teklas, mamisa da dedis sixaruls

madli, wyaloba da mSvidoba RvTisa

mier...~, `Cemo Sinagan gulis naTelo

Teklav...~, `diaR mejavreba Seni mo-

Sorveba da kinaRar verc gamiZlia da

RvTiT am ors dReSi gnaxav...~ da a. S.

(kakabaZe 1914: 136). TviTon Tekla, –

mamis gardacvalebiT SeZruli, – 1798

wlis 15 maiss Telavidan peterburg-

Si swers garsevan WavWavaZis meuRles

mariam (maia) avaliSvil-WavWavaZes:

`me gtkiode, me gewyalvode, me mi-

wuxe, me Semibrale...~ da a. S. (`cis-

kari~ 1860: 443).

Tekla batoniSvili ymawvilobi-

danve SesaniSnavad xmarobda Tof-

iaraRs, iyo ganTqmuli mojiriTe

da, vaJurad gamowyobili, Tavis sax-

elovan mamas zogjer nadirobasa da

laSqrobebSic axlda xolme; mamamve

1796 wels daniSna vaxtang dimitris

Ze orbelianze (uTuraSvili 1991:

14). erekle II-is sikvdilis Semdeg

Tekla giorgi XII-is TanxmobiTa da

kurTxeviT daqorwinda Tavis daniS-

nulze (p. ioselianis mixedviT, 1799

wlis 7 seqtembers – ioseliani 1936:

203; generali lazarevi sxva TariRs

asaxelebs – 1800 wlis 7 seqtembers.

es ukanaskneli TariRi 1800 wlis 8

seqtembers Sedgenil oficialur

werilSi gvxvdeba da, udavod, ufro

sworia: `Вчерашний день совершился брак царевны Фекли... за к. Вахтанга Орбе-лиани~ – aqtebi, I: 150; Teklas mziTvad

ergo `mTeli sololaki, sadac meor-

moce wlebSi man daidga sasaxle da

cxovrobda mSvidobianaT~ – wereTe-

li 1897: 110; namziTv mamulSi Teklam

gaaSena SesaniSnavi baRi da, sxvaTa

Soris, am baRSi SeTqmulebi xSirad

ikribebodnen xolme. Teklas saxli

ki idga policiis, – amJamad erekle

II-is, – moedanze).

umamacesi meomari vaxtang orbe-

liani (wyaroebSi yaflaniSviladac

ixsenieba), rbilad rom vTqvaT, wi-

naaRmdegobrivi bunebis adamiani

iyo da, rac mTavaria, taxtis erT-

gulebiT ar gamoirCeoda arc manam

da arc mas mere, rac samefo ojaxis

siZe gaxda. mas erTob saZraxisi roli

aqvs Sesrulebuli Tavisi sidedris,

darejan dedoflis gadasaxlebis

mogvarebaSi – mTavarmarTebel pav-

le cicianovis davalebiT darejani

ruseTSi wasvlaze swored vaxtang

orbelianma daiyolia, moxucebuli

da avadmyofi dedofali 1803 wlis

Semodgomaze amaliTurT muxranidan

mozdokSi Caiyvana da am davalebis

`keTilsindisierad~ Sesrulebi-

saTvis polkovnikis xarisxi da didi

jamagiric miiRo, rasac ciciano-

vi sagangebod auwyebs imperator

aleqsandre I-s (aqtebi, II: 90; ber-

ZniSvili 1983: 143). 1812 wlis martSi

rusebis mxardamxar mebrZoli 43

wlis polkovniki vaxtang orbeli-

ani ajanyebulma glexebma sofel

Tamaz jologua

SeTqmuli qalebiTekla batoniSvili

ivlisi 71

№ 7 2010

CumlayTan mokles (al. orbelianis

versiiT, gaorebuli sindisiT gaw-

amebulma erT-erT ajanyebuls Tavi

Segnebulad Seakla – orbeliani 1992:

165-172; berZniSvili 1983: 144).

vaxtangis xsovna mtkivneulad

SemorCa mis STamomavlobas. am mxriv,

sagulisxmoa elisabed elizbaris

as. erisTavis memuarebis erTi mon-

akveTi: `erTxel Sevedi maSasTan

(mariam orbeliani, ufrosi vaxtan-

gis SviliSvili da poet vaxtang or-

belianis qaliSvili – T. j.) da vnaxe

Tekle batoniSvilis didi suraTi

molbertze TirmalamiT morTuli

da misi meuRle ki sxva oTaxSi iyo

Camokidebuli. me vuTxari maSas: – ra

aris-meTqi, rom papaSeni egre gaTax-

sirebul gyavs-meTqi, ra dagiSava?

iman miTxra: – samSoblos Ralatob-

dao!~ (erisTavi: furc. 3).

Tekla batoniSvilze ilia WavWavaZe

wers: `...zedmiwevniT mcodne yofila

mis droindel qarTul mwerlobisa,

saRmTo werilisa, kargad ganaTle-

buli maSindel kvalobaze, WkuiT,

sibrZniT da saTnoebiT Semkuli,

amasTan sakvirveli mxne da gamWri-

axi~ da iqve imowmebs giorgi iases Ze

erisTavis mier araerTgzis naTqvams

– erekle II xSirad ambobdao: `Cems

vaJiSvilebs Cemis Tekles sikeTe

ro sWirdeT, bednieri viqnebodio~

(WavWavaZe 1953: 236). saqarTveloSi

1812 wels myof germanel diplomats

vilhelm fon freigangs (1783-1845) ki

uweria: `maTSi (qarTvel aristokrat

qalTa Soris – T. j.) yvelaze ufro

uSesaniSnavesad me mimaCnia sax-

elovan mefis iraklis qali Tekla...

is marTlac amtkicebs Tavisis mag-

aliTiT – Tu ra jiSisa da modgmisac

aris~ (papava 1990: 26).

1832 wlis SeTqmulebaSi Teklas

mTeli ojaxi monawileobda – ara

marto Svilebi: aleqsandre (1802-

1869; gadaasaxles orenburgSi), dimi-

tri (1808-1882; gadaasaxles kaluga-

Si) da vaxtang (1812-1890; gadaasax-

les kalugaSi) orbelianebi, aramed

rZalic (aleqsandres coli) – ekat-

erine (katina) baraTaSvili (1807-

1873; dakrZalulia sionis taZarSi,

meuRlis gverdiT), romelsac SeTq-

mulTagan bairaRis Sekerva hqonda

davalebuli [`Cemi katinac eria Cvens

saqmeSi, sxvani qarTvelni qalebic

bevri, romelTaca Cems katinas va-

laT dasdes revaluciis bairaxi See-

kera~ – ambobs erT Tavis mogonebaSi

al. orbeliani (gozaliSvili, I: 123)].

erTi sityviT, patriotulad gan-

wyobil sazogadoebaSi arcTu mo-

sawoni reputaciis mqone vaxtang

orbelianis qvrivs Tekla batoniS-

vilsa da mis ojaxs qarTl-kaxeTis

taxtis aRdgenisaTvis Tavi hqondaT

gadadebuli, magram am sasiqadulo

survilsa da ganzraxulebas iase fa-

lavaniSvilis Ralatma dausva wer-

tili – 1832 wlis 11 dekembris Rames

Tekla batoniSvilis saxlSi Tbili-

sis komendanti da policmaisteri

rusi jariskacebis TanxlebiT mivid-

nen da aleqsandre da vaxtang orbe-

lians, agreTve, maTTan myof giorgi

revazis Ze erisTavs gamoucxades –

mTavarmarTebeli rozeni gibarebT

da, amas garda, rac ram qaRaldebi

mogeZevebaT, Tan unda waviRoTo (go-

zaliSvili, I: 122-123; g. r. erisTavi

iyo Teklas disSvili, peterburgSi

adreve gadasaxlebuli anastasia ba-

toniSvilis Ze, romelic SeTqmule-

baSi monawileobisaTvis arxangel-

skSi ganaweses).

didi mixvedra ar dasWirdeboda

imas, rom SeTqmuleba gacemuli iyo

da Tekla batoniSvilmac Svilebi

da disSvili ojaxidan am sityvebiT

gaistumra: `magisTana patiosans

ganzraxvasTan sananurad nuRar

migaCndebaT Tavi. Seni colSvilebi-

sTvis (aleqsandres mimarTavs – T. j.)

Sen nuRaras inaRvli. me imaTi momv-

leli da patroni viqnebi, oRond rac

ubedureba mogadgesT, moTminebiT

miiReT. kargi. wadi. RvTisaTvis mimi-

barebixarT erTob Tqvena~ (gozaliS-

vili, I: 124).

SeTqmulebaSi Teklas kvali saga-

momZieblo komisiam maleve aRmo-

aCina. 1832 wlis 13 dekembers zaqaria

ColoyaSvilma Tavis pirvel Cveneba-

Sive aRiara: `saRamos wavedi al. or-

belianovTan da radgan adre mivedi,

masTan damxvdnen Tekla batoniSvili

da aleqsandres meuRle... batoniS-

vilma ineba CvenTvis eTqva, rom Cvens

msaxurebTan frTxilad iyaviT, imaT

aleqsandre orbeliani

dimitri orbeliani

vaxtang orbeliani

№ 7 2010

72 ivlisi

rusulad yvelaferi esmiTo; maS ase,

iyaviT frTxilado... batoniSvilis

mier naTqvamma sityvebma Zlier ga-

makvirva da ganmimtkica is azri, rom

isic monawilea an, ukidures Sem-

TxvevaSi, icis yvelaferi is, rac me

gavigone~ (gozaliSvili, I: 146).

mogvianebiT, sxva CvenebaSi, igive z.

ColoyaSvili ambobs – SeTqmulebis

Sesaxeb al. orbelianma gamomicxada

da SeTqmulTa Soris Tekla batoniS-

vilic daasaxelao (gozaliSvili,

II: 242). analogiuri Cveneba misca

luarsab orbelianmac (al. orbeli-

anma miTxra: dedaCemic SeTqmulebis

wevriao – gozaliSvili, II: 384), Tvi-

Ton aleqsandrem ki es yvelaferi

kategoriulad uaryo: `dedaCem Tek-

la batoniSvilTan amaze laparaks

verc gavbedavdio~ (gozaliSvili, II:

92).

sagamomZieblo komisia, romelic

umetes SemTxvevaSi SeTqmulTa

CvenebebSi arsebul Seusabamobebs

maincdamainc siRrmeSi ar mihyvebo-

da, TiTqos amas unda dasjereboda,

magram viTareba gaarTula giorgi

revazis Ze erisTavma, romelmac ver

gamoiCina Sesaferisi simtkice da sx-

vebTan erTad 1833 wlis 7 marts Tavis

moamage deidasac daado xeli: `erT-

xel Tekla batoniSvilTan Sevedi da

iq damxvdnen Tavadi aleqsandre or-

belianovi da Tavadi biZina erisTavi.

Tavadma aleqsandre orbelianovma

uTxra batoniSvils, Cveni ganzraxva

Tavad aleqsandre WavWavaZes unda

gamovucxadoTo da ar vici, Tanaxma

Seiqmneba Tu arao. batoniSvilma ki

upasuxa, sjobia aseT sisuleles nu

izamT, arc Tavadi WavWavaZe Seiqmne-

ba Tanaxmao... me mgonia, man (Teklam

– T. j.) es uwinac icoda~ (gozaliSvi-

li, II: 430-431).

yovelive amas daerTo komisiis

eWvi, rom Tekla sparseTSi myof ale-

qsandre batoniSvilTan mimoweraSi

monawileobda. kerZod, luarsab or-

belianma uCvena: `al. orbelianovma

ganacxada, rom dedamiss Teklasac

aqvs mimowera al. batoniSvilTanao~

(gozaliSvili, I: 188; Sexvedris mo-

nawile elizbar erisTavi amas ua-

ryofs – gozaliSvili, III: 404-405),

mTavarmarTebeli grigol rozeni

ki ruseTis samxedro ministrs al.

CerniSovs oficialurad atyobinebs:

aleqsandre batoniSvilisTvis miwe-

rili werilebidan pirveli `miagavs

Tekla batoniSvilis xeliT nawers~

– gozaliSvili, III: 451; g. gozaliSvi-

lis azriT, `pirveli werili aleq-

sandre batoniSvilisadmi marTla

Tekla batoniSvils dauweria, magram

aleqsandre orbeliani TviTon ibra-

lebs amas, raTa Teklas monawileoba

SeTqmulebaSi damalos~ – gozali-

Svili, III: 451). komisiam zemoaRni-

Snul Cvenebebs es eWvic Seukeca da

1833 wlis 8 seqtembers oficialu-

rad moaxsena gr. rozens: `batoniSvi-

li Tekla iraklis asuli qarTvelTa

danaSaulebrivi SeTqmulebis mona-

wilea, magram sagamomZieblo komisia

ar sTvlis aucileblad, im saqmis ga-

sarkvevad, rac ukve sakmarisad aris

gamoZiebuli, dakiTxul iqnas bato-

niSvili Tekla~. rozeni komisiis am

winadadebas daeTanxma (gozaliSvi-

li, III: 410).

ase iyo Tu ise, Tekla batoniSvi-

li SeTqmulebis sagamomZieblo ko-

misiam dakiTxvis gareSe da saqmis

gaurTuleblad `damnaSaveTa~ meSvi-

de kategoriaSi moaqcia (`vinc ico-

da SeTqmulebis Sesaxeb, magram ar

eTanxmeboda~), Tumca sasjeli mesame

kategoriis mixedviT ganusazRvra

(`SeTqmulebaSi aqtiurad monawile-

obda da eTanxmeboda ajanyebis ide-

as~), sabolood ki daaskvna: `Tekla

batoniSvili gaZevebul iqnas saqar-

Tvelodan samudamod qalaq kaluga-

Si~ (gozaliSvili, III: 429).

1834 wlis 21 agvistos Tekla Tavis

SvilTan, vaxtangTan, erTad Tbili-

sidan gaiyvanes. gadasaxlebulebi 9

oqtombers Cavidnen kalugaSi, sadac

maT daxvda ufro adre kalugaSive

gamwesebuli kidev erTi vaJi Tekla

batoniSvilisa – dimitri [`netav

Tqven, rom kaxur Rvinosa svamTo~

– swers Tekla Tavis rZals katinas

kalugidan TbilisSi (uTuraSvili

1991: 42)]. nikoloz I-ma, romelsac

qarTuli aristokratiis gulis mo-

geba surda da amitomac SeTqmulTa

TandaTanobiTi Sewyaleba hqonda

damowmebani:

asaTiani 1935: asaTiani levan, Zveli saqarTvelos poeti-qa-lebi, `literaturuli memkvi-dreoba~, wigni I, Tb.: 1935.

aqtebi: Акты, собранные Кавказ-ской археографической комиссиею, т. I, Тфл.: 1866; т. II, Тфл.: 1868; т. XI, Тфл.: 1888.

berZniSvili 1983: berZniSvi-li maqsime, masalebi XIX sauku-nis pirveli naxevris qarTuli sazogadoebriobis istoriisa-Tvis, II, Tb.: 1983.

gozaliSvili: 1832 wlis SeTqmuleba, I, Tb.: 1935; II, Tb.: 1970; III, Tb.: 1976.

erisTavi: erisTavi elisabed, mogoneba, g. leoniZis saxelo-bis qarTuli literaturis sax-elmwifo muzeumi, #13480, furc. 3.

Tekla batoniSvili 1860: ucxoebaSi myofi saqarTvelos mefis iraklis meoris asuli Tekla, ianbiko RvTismSobli-sadmi, `ciskari~, 1860, #1.

ioseliani 1936: ioseliani platon, cxovreba giorgi meca-metisa, a. gawerelias Sesavali werilebiT, redaqciiTa da SeniSvnebiT, tf.: 1936.

kakabaZe 1914: kakabaZe sargis, werilebi da masalebi saqarT-velos istoriisaTvis, wigni I, Tb.: 1914.

orbeliani 1949: jambakur-orbeliani mariam, mogonebani, `literaturis matiane~, wigni 5, nakveTi I, 1949.

vaxtang orbeliani

(Tekla batoniSvilis meuRle)

ivlisi 73

№ 7 2010

gadawyvetili, 1834 wlis dekember-

Si Tavisi `keTilmosurne~ mzera

Tekla batoniSvilsac miapyro – mas

samSobloSi dabrunebis neba darTo,

magram mkacri zamTris gamo Teklam

mxolod 1835 wlis 8 maiss datova ka-

luga, xolo TbilisSi imave wlis 6 iv-

niss CamoaRwia (berZniSvili 1983: 38).

Tekla batoniSvilma xandazmulo-

baSic SeinarCuna gamWriaxi goneba da

SesaniSnav Cubinad da mojiriTedac

darCa. misi SviliSvili mariam vaxtan-

gis asuli orbeliani TviTmxilvelis

naambobze dayrdnobiT wers, Tu ro-

gor moatanina axlobelTa daJine-

buli TxovniT moxucebulma Teklam

sololakis baRSi Tofi da rogor

Camoagdo Citi erTi gasroliT (or-

beliani 1949: 66; imave istorias gad-

mogvcems giorgi wereTelic, oRond

mas `Citis~ nacvlad `niSani~ uweria:

`...esrola da kidev marjveT moaxve-

dra niSans~ – wereTeli 1897: 110). ama-

sTanave, Teklas poeturi niWic hqon-

da da romantikuli ganwyobilebisa

da suliskveTebis leqsebsac Txza-

vda: `he gulo, rad gaqus esden wyine-

ba,/marad sisxlisa cremlTa dineba,/

guSagT simravliT TualTa Sineba,/

maTgan uwyalod WirTa hsmineba?/

radgan CrdiloT mzem esreT ineba,/

krZalviT iTmine saxmilT gznebani...~

– leqsad swerda Tekla Tavis das,

qeTevan batoniSvils, TviTonac po-

etsa da saintereso leqsebis avtors

[Teklas esa da kidev ori leqsi Semo-

gvinaxa daviT reqtoris (aleqsi-mes-

xiSvilis) mier 1815 wels gadaweril-

ma krebulma. am leqsebis publikacia

ix.: asaTiani 1935: 453-456; kalugaSi

dawerili Teklas leqsi – `ianbiko

RvTismSoblisadmi~ – ivane kerese-

liZem gamoaqveyna `ciskarSi~ (Tekla

batoniSvili 1860: 63-66)].

Tekla gardaicvala 1846 wlis 11

marts, TbilisSi. mefisnacval mi-

xeil voroncovis TaosnobiTa da

monawileobiT batoniSvilis Sesafe-

risi pativiT (xelisuflebis farTo

warmomadgenlobiT, jariT, grena-

derTa polkis sasule orkestriTa

da sxv.) gaasvenes sionis taZridan

da sveticxovelSi, – 1807 wlis 8 no-

embers peterburgSi gardacvlili

da peterburgSive, wm. aleqsandre

nevelis lavris xarebis eklesiaSi

dasaflavebuli darejan dedofli-

saTvis gankuTvnil samarxSi, – da-

krZales (sxvaTa Soris, Tekla bato-

niSvilma sikvdilis moaxloeba rom

igrZno, eziara, Semdeg ki masTan mix.

voroncovisa da misi meuRlis eli-

sabed branickaia-voroncovas misv-

la iTxova, daaxloebiT erTi saaTi

esaubra maT, Tumca am saubris Sina-

arsi CvenTvis ar aris cnobili. es

faqti da Teklas gasvenebasTan da-

kavSirebuli ambebi ix.: Semioti 1846;

Targmani – `ciskari~ 1869: 96-102; aq

isic unda aRiniSnos, rom Teklas da-

krZalvis xarjebi mTlianad voron-

covma gaistumra mis xelT arsebuli

eqstraordinaruli Tanxidan – aqte-

bi, XI: 625).

Tekla batoniSvilis saflavis

qvaze, – unda vifiqroT, Svilebma,

– aseTi epitafia amoakveTines: `aqa

ganisuÀnebs saqarTuÀlos mefisa

irakli meorisa asuli Tekla, meu-

Rle vaxtang dimitris Ze jambaku-

rian-orbelianisa, romelic iSua

k[20] sekdembers CRov[1776] welsa

da aRsrulda ia[11] marts Cymv[1846]

welsa. aha ese ra R[merT]i Semwe Cem-

da da u[fal]i Semwynarebeli sulisa

Cemisa~ (xuciSvili 1961: 52; uTura-

Svili 1991: 6-7). yofila epitafiis

sxva variantic, romelzec ojaxs

ratomRac uari uTqvams: `aha amaoman

da tkbil-mwareman sofelman nasesxi

vali Tvisi mesamocdaaTsa weliwadsa

myofsa mTxova, romelic swrafaT da

gansvenebulis guliT miveci, garna

moniWebuli suli RmerTsave mivarT-

vi sixaruliT da ukanaskneli xorci

ama saflavsa davmiwe saukunoT. kaco

warmavalo, nuraraiTa nu gaamaydebi,

simdidre, pativi da dideba yoveli

sikvdilTanve Cagivlis amaod, ukeTu

keTilad ar moixmareb mas. keTiliT

SeiZineb kacTa da ufros RmerTsa

misis zeciuris ukvdavebis didebi-

Ta~ [xuciSvili 1961: 53; uTuraSvili:

130-131; dedani daculia xelnawerTa

erovnul centrSi (S-1658, furc.1) da

axlavs al. orbelianis minaweri: `ba-

toniSvilis dedi Cemis saflavis epi-

tafia, magram veRar-ki davawereT~].

orbeliani 1992: orbeliani aleqsandre, mogoneba, wignSi: qarTuli mwerloba (ocdaaT tomad), Semdgenelni: a. baqraZe, r. TvaraZe, t. 9, Tb.: 1992.

papava 1990: papava Tamar, didi saxeebi patara CarCoebSi, gamosacemad moamzada da bo-losityvaoba daurTo g. Sara-Zem, Tb.: 1990.

uTuraSvili 1991: uTuraS-vili ioseb, Tekla bagrationi, Tb.: 1991.

Semioti 1846: Шемиот В. Тиф-лис, 14 Марта. `Кавказ~, 1846, #11.

`ciskari~ 1860: batonis-Svi-lis Teklasagan miwerili wig-ni..., `ciskari~, 1860, #11.

`ciskari~ 1869: saqarTuÀlos mefis iraklis asulis Teklas gardacvalebazed da dasafla-vebazed ramdenime sityva, `ci-skari~, 1869, #9.

wereTeli 1897: wereTeli giorgi, Tekle batoniSvili, `kvali~, 1897, #5.

WavWavaZe 1953: WavWavaZe ilia, mokle biografia vaxtang vaxtangis Zis Tav. jambakur-or-belianisa, TxzulebaTa sruli krebuli aT tomad, p. ingoroy-vas redaqtorobiT, t. III, Tb.: 1953.

xuciSvili 1961: qarTvel moRvaweTa nekropoli, Sead-gina, winasityvaoba, SeniSvnebi da saZieblebi daurTo s. xuciS-vilma, wigni I, Tb.: 1961.

ekaterine baraTaSvili

№ 7 2010

74 ivlisi

Teatri

`sisxli daiRvara, rogorc uwin

da sazareli mkvlelobebi dResac

xdeba... iyo dro, roca tvini Cerde-

boda, adamiani kvdeboda da amiT

yvelaferi mTavrdeboda, magram

axla isini kvlav cocxldebian,

zurgze akidebuli codvebiT gvir-

gvins idgamen da skamidan gvagdeben.

es mkvlelobaze metad ucnauria~,

– ambobs mTxrobeli warmodgenis

dasawyisSi da pirvelive sceni-

dan ikveTeba saTqmeli, romelsac

iraneli reJisori reza servati

gvTavazobs. man erT speqtaklSi bev-

ri ram SeZlo da gaiazra. Seqspiris

`makbetis~ mTavari personaJebi ise

gaacocxla, rom jer gardacvlilni

gvaCvena, Semdeg ki mkvdreTiT aRmd-

garni. amiT sakuTari Tavi `aiZula~

makbetisa da ledi makbetis cnobili

istoria axleburad gaeTamaSebina.

Teiranis universitetis warmo-

madgenelma yvelaferi erT saaTSi

Caatia. piesidan amoarCia sul ram-

denime personaJi, romlebic xuTma

msaxiobma (hesam menzuri, mahmud

aRazade, beruz kazemi, asRar pi-

rani, meh di mohamadi) ganasaxiera

da amoiRo fragmentebi dunkanis

mkvlelobamde, ramdenadac reJiso-

ris mizani iyo warmoeCina makbetisa

da ledi makbetis urTierToba, maTi

gancdebi da emociebi. ra emarTeba

adamians, romelic cdunebas ver

uZlebs? am kiTxvaze pasuxobs reza

servati, romelmac Canafiqris ganx-

orcieleba minimalisturi mxat-

vruli xerxebis gamoyenebiT SeZlo.

am saqmeSi mas profesionalTa Semo-

qmedebiTi jgufi daexmara. `MAX Teatris~ warmomadgenlebis `mak-

betma~ ramdenime gamarjveba moipo-

va da 2010 wlis ivnisSi amsterdamSi

gamarTul ITs FESTIVAL-Sic miiRo

monawileoba.

`makbeti da misi coli kudianebis

daxmarebiT cocxldebian imisaT-

vis, rom kvlavac gaiTamaSon vneba

da siyvaruli, Caidinon danaSauli...

isini kudianebis wyalobiT mmarT-

velobis umaRles safexurs aRw-

even, magram isev da isev jojoxeTSi

xvdebian da amaoebis wredic brun-

vas ganagrZobs... am SemTxvevaSi, mak-

beti da misi coli sicocxlis gaxan-

grZlivebas ori meTodiT cdiloben:

pirveli – ledi makbeti dunkanis

xarWa xdeba da misgan Svils aCens,

xolo meore – makbeti klavs dunk-

ans, am ukanasknelisa da misi colis

naSieris miReba ki uWirs~, – ambobs

reJisori, magram speqtakls axsna ar

sWirdeba, isedac yvelaferi gasage-

bia da piesaSi Carevis miuxedavad,

SenarCunebulia mTavari, rac dadg-

mas tragediad aqcevs. rogor aRw-

even amas? amaze gacilebiT meti Sei-

Zleba iTqvas, vidre siuJetze, ro-

melic ramdenime scenisgan Sedgeba.

scenebi dasaTaurebulia Semdegnai-

rad: `ledi makbetis gagiJeba, wameba

da nayofis sikvdili~, `makbetisa

da kudianebis pirveli Sexvedra~,

`makbetis werili colisadmi~, `de-

dofalis makbetTan SeTanxmebuli

gadawyvetileba, rom bavSvi, qm-

ris unayofobis gamo, samefo gva-

ris warmomadgenlisgan gaaCinos~,

`dunkanis mkvleloba~, `xelis da-

bana da briliantis beWedis dakarg-

va~, `jojoxeTis daraji da dunkanis

uTao sxeuli~, `samefoSi misvla da

erTi RamiT mmarTveloba, Sexvedra

dunkanis sulTan~, `makbetis uZi-

loba da ledi makbetis sizmrebi~,

`dabruneba mosawyen jojoxeTSi,

Tamar kiknaveliZe

reza servatis `makbeti~ saqarTveloSi

sinTezuri xelovnebis iranuli nimuSi

nawili II

ivlisi 75

№ 7 2010

nayofis kvdoma da momavlis gareSe

darCenili samefo~. piesis pirveli

nawilidan amoRebulia mTavari, misi

verbaluri mxare ki iseTive `TavSe-

kavebulia~, rogorc makbetisa da

ledi makbetis urTierToba. ledi

makbets speqtaklSi mahmud aRazade

ostaturad ganasaxierebs da is faq-

ti, rom ori personaJis erTmaneTi-

sadmi damokidebuleba erTi sqesis

warmomadgenlebisas ar gavs, msaxio-

bebis damsaxurebaa da kidev, tradi-

ciis, romelic iranSi arsebobs. am

TavSekavebulobasa da scenaze qal-

Tan Sexebis akrZalvaSi igrZnoba is,

rac aklia evropul Teatrs, kerZod:

Sinagani gancdisa da emociis aseTi

siZlieriT warmoCena. iraneli msax-

iobebis mzera imdenad metyvelia,

rom raimes warmoTqma saWiro aRar

aris. maTi Sinagani energia darbazis

bolo rigSi mokalaTebul mayure-

blamde aRwevs. Semsruleblebi ise

floben sxeuls, rom maTi plastika

Sinagan ritmsa da gancdebs eqvemde-

bareba. xuTive msaxiobi kargad muS-

aobs, magram ori mainc gansakuTre-

bulia. maT SerCevas reJisorma didi

dro moandoma, sabolood ki airCia

hesam menzuri da mahmud aRazade,

romlebmac davalebas saukeTesod

gaarTves Tavi da saintereso sax-

eebi Seqmnes.

ra gviqmnida ganwyobas? upirve-

lesad, musika, rasac speqtaklSi

gansakuTrebuli adgili uWiravs da

saerTod, iranuli Teatri musikis

gareSe warmoudgenelia. `makbetis~

magaliTze kidev erTxel davrw-

mundi Tu ramdenad Zlier emocias

badebs warmodgenis cocxali musi-

kaluri gaformeba... urTulesi

misia itvirTa orma musikos-Sem-

srulebelma, bambdad afSarma da

ruzbeh Sahgaldma, romelTa xe-

lovnebac dadgmas organulad Seer-

wya. maT gamoiyenes rogorc erovnu-

li instrumentebi, ZiriTadad sime-

biani, aseve sxvadasxva xelsawyoebi

da speqtaklis musikaluri Txroba

gaaZlieres.

aranakleb mniSvnelovani aRmo-

Cnda xerxi, riTac reza servatim

zemoT CamoTvlili scenebi aago. man

piesaze muSaobisas gadawyvita, rom

dadgmaSi kinoxerxebi gamoeyenebina.

speqtaklSi iranuli kinos gavlena

igrZnoba, magram es Cemi TviTmizani

ar yofila, nawarmoebidan gamomdi-

nare moxda aseo, miTxra reJisorma.

`am mokle da masiurma scenebma Cven

kinos teqnikis gamoyenebis idea

mogvawoda, magaliTad: warsulis

gaxseneba, movlenebisTvis gas-

wreba, neli moZraobebi, kadrebis

miaxloeba-daSoreba, e. w. zumi,

Sori kadrebi, romlebic filmSi

perspeqtiviT miiRweva da a. S. Cveni

minimalisturi xedvis miuxeda-

vad, naklebi xrikebiT ufro metis

gamoxatvas SevecadeT. msaxiobebi

mayurebelTan axlos miviyvaneT,

raTa maT personaJebis yoveli moZ-

raoba daenaxaT da Jestikulaciis

klasikuri stili droebiT daivi-

wyebinaT... Cven gamoviyeneT sxe-

ulis enas da ar mivyeviT Txrobas.

aq tragizmis, komikurobisa da fan-

tastikis kombinacia groteskulia.

vfiqrob, rom speqtaklSi Seqspiris

`makbetis~ axali, individualuri

xedva gadmoveciT~, – aRniSna serva-

tim, romelmac kudianebi samxedro

samosSi gamoawyo da personaJebs

komikuri elferi SesZina.

MAX Teatris warmomadgenlebis

saqarTveloSi yofnisas maTi muSao-

bis process veswrebodi da Tbili-

sis, foTis, baTumisa da WiaTuris

TeatrebSi warmodgenili speqtak-

lebic vnaxe. dadgmis qoreografiu-

li nawili skurpulozuri sizustiT

iyo damuSavebuli da improvizavias

gamoricxavda. personaJTa sada kos-

tiumebi (mxatvari Sima mirhamidi)

moTeTro, Sav da wiTel ferebSi

gadaewyvitaT. msaxiobebi iyeneben

grims da sul ramdenime rekvizits.

zemoT CamoTvlili ferebis garda,

ganaTebisas sWirdebaT lurji, mo-

qmedeba ki viTardeba ZiriTadad sam

planad, romelTagan Sua xSirad `ga-

TuSulia~ da mayureblis yuradReba

wina da ukana planzea gadanawile-

buli.

vin iyo iranelebis saqarTveloSi

№ 7 2010

76 ivlisi

Camosvlis iniciatori? niderland-

ebis saerTaSoriso fondi `kavka-

sia~ da saqarTvelos regionaluri

Teatrebis qseli (GRTN). proeqtis

ganxorcielebas mxari dauWira: ira-

nis islamuri respublikis saelCom

saqarTveloSi, iranis dramatulma

centda, ilias saxelmwifo univer-

sitetma, 25 wuTiani speqtaklebis

festivalma, samefo ubnis Teatrma,

baTumis, foTisa da WiaTuris sax-

elmwifo dramatulma Teatrebma,

gazeTma `24 saaTi~.

saqarTveloSi `makbeti~ pirvelad

27 maiss, ilias saxelmwifo univer-

sitetis TeatrSi warmoadgines,

Semdeg ki samefo ubnis TeatrSi

da 1 ivnisamde speqtaklma zemoT

naxsenebi regionuli Teatrebic

moiara. `makbetze~ daiwera da iTqva,

magram arsad aRniSnula is, rasac

Jurnal `qarTuli mwerlobis~ saSu-

alebiT vityvi: am Teatrebis xelmZ-

Rvanelobis garda, gansakuTrebul

madlobas imsaxurebs yvela Teatris

teqnikuri personali, adamianebi,

romlebmac Zalisxmeva ar daiSures

imisaTvis, rom iranelebisTvis xeli

operatiulad SeewyoT. regionul

TeatrebSi aucilebelia aparatu-

ris, ZiriTadad ganaTebis, Secvla,

rasac, vfiqrob, saqarTvelos kul-

turis, ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis

saministros mier TeatrabisTvis

gamoyofili Tanxa moxmardeba. Wia-

TuraSi TiTqmis mwyobridan ga-

mosul teqnikas amuSaveben. amis

miuxedavad, speqtaklma xarveze-

bis gareSe Caiara, radgan pultTan

profesionalebi idgnen. WiaTuris

Teatrze saubrisas, ar SeiZleba ar

vaxsenoT mayurebeli, romelic das-

wrebis kulturiT gamoirCeva. vim-

edovnebT, rom teqnikis ganaxlebis

SemTxvevaSi maT nebismieri Teat-

raluri dasis maspinZloba SeeZle-

baT.

reza servatis `makbetis~ saqarT-

veloSi warmodgenam dagvarwmuna,

rom iranSi axleburad azrovneben

da Teatraluri dargi axalgazrda

niWieri xelovanebis wyalobiT vi-

Tardeba. speqtakliT moixiblnen

qarTveli iranologebic, romleb-

mac `makbeti~ samefo ubnis TeatrSi

naxes. samwuxaroa, rom warmodgenas

ar daeswrnen 25 wuTiani speqtak-

lebis festivalis, saxelwodebiT

`ardi FEST~, monawileebi, romlebi-

sTvisac maTi ucxoeli kolegebis

namuSevris naxva saintereso da sa-

sargeblo iqneboda. am speqtaklSi

kargad Cans iranuli SemoqmedebiTi

jgufis damokidebuleba da pro-

fesionalizmi. reza servatim moax-

erxa is, rom sinTezuri xelovnebis

saintereso nimuSi Seqmna. man yvela

komponenti gaTvala. aiRo cnobili

piesa, magram axleburad gaiazra da

sakuTar saTqmels moargo. moZe-

bna forma, riTac saukeTesod gad-

mosca TiToeuli monawilis Sesa-

Zleblobebi. marTalia, didi xani

eZeba msaxiobebi, magram saukeTe-

soebi ipova, anu SeiZleba iTqvas,

rom yvela piroba Seiqmna imisTvis,

rom Canafiqri warmatebiT ganex-

orcielebina. man dadga speqtakli,

romelsac qveynis farglebs gareT

advilad gaitans. am yvelaferTan

erTad ki SeinarCuna da warmoaCina

erovnuli folklori, ulamaz-

esi iranuli ena, romelic kargi me-

tyvelebiT gaacocxles. reza ser-

vatim damarwmuna, rom saintereso

speqtaklis ganxorcielebisTvis

reJisoris arCevani umniSvnelova-

nesi da gadamwyvetia.

fotoebze

scenebi reza servatis

speqtaklidan `makbeti~

ivlisi 77

№ 7 2010

prezentaciebi

zogjer ise xdeba, rom mTeli

eris istorias, mis cnobierebas,

miToss, simboloebsa da xat-sax-

eebs erTi romelime artefaqti

iTavsebs xolme. aseTia svet-

icxoveli. warsuliT, awmyoTi da

momavliT is saqarTvelos erT-

gvari simboloa (zurab kiknaZe

wers, rom `simbolos~ gageba Ta-

namedrove sazogadoebaSi ise da-

kninda, inteleqtualur varjiSs

daemsgavsa. arada, simbolo bevrad

Rrma msgavsebas, identobas ufro

niSnavs, vidre sqemas, makets...).

sveticxovels Tavisi sakral-

uri mniSvneloba aqvs eris awmyosa

da momavlis gansazRvraSi. fun-

qciurad msgavsi, magram Sinaarso-

brivad gansxvavebul simbolodq-

ceuli meore artefaqti – `vefx-

istyaosania~. is cdeba Cveulebrivi

wignis funqciebs da qarTveli eris

istoriisTvis sxva mniSvnelobis

nimuSs warmoadgens. Tuki erovnu-

li xasiaTi da cnobiereba abstraq-

tuli fenomenia, `vefxistyaosani~

am fenomenis materialuri saxea. am

nawarmoebs uamravi raritetuli

tradicia da ganwyoba ukavSird-

eba. samziTvod igi aerTianebda

yofiT da mxatvrul-filosofiur

sferoebs. `vefxistyaosnis~ isto-

ria (farTo gagebiT) krZalvisa da

pativiscemis istoriaa. ualter-

nativo filosofiur-esTetikuri

Rirebulebis am nawarmoebs ara-

sodes, arcerT epoqaSi daukargavs

upiratesoba. amis magaliTia is,

rom sxvadasxva epoqasa, sxvadasxva

enaze da sxvadasxva qveyanaSi is

400-ze metjeraa gamocemuli. Tu

dro dros ebmis anu awmyo warsu-

lis logikuri gagrZelebaa, erTx-

el mainc usaTuod unda gamoices

`vefxistyaosani~. Tu es xdeba –

imas niSnavs, rom Sedga epoqa! amaSi

namdvilad araferia gadaWarbe-

buli!

es epoqa Sedga! 2010 wlis 23

ivniss xelnawerTa erovnuli cen-

tris ilia abulaZis saxelobis sag-

amofeno darbazSi `vefxistyaos-

nis~ 105 - e gamocemis prezentacia

Sedga. wigni gamomcemloba `bak-

mma~ gamosca. sa gamofeno darbazSi

`vefxistyaosnis~ narCev xelnawer

nusxebTan erTad, gamofenili iyo

misi pirvelnabeWdi egzemplare-

bic.

buba kudava, xelnawerTa erov-

nuli centris direqtori: `vefx-

istyaosanis~ es gamocema namd-

vilad gamorCeuli proeqtia. Tu

kategoriulobas ar gamoviCenT

da ar vityviT, es `vefxistyao-

sanis~ yvelaze kargi gamocemaao,

usaTuod aris erT-erTi saukeTe-

so. es proeqti imiTac aris mniS-

vnelovani, rom samecniero da

kerZo dawesebulebebis erTobli-

vi proeqtia. es TanamSromloba

jer kidev xelnawerTa instituts

hqonda dawyebuli am dawesebule-

basTan. Tavidan gvqonda bevri

saintereso idea, bolos arCevani

`vefxistyaonis~ gamocemaze SeCer-

da, Tanac am nawarmoebis erT-erTi

yvelaze gamorCeuli, yvelaze ux-

vad ilustrirebuli e. w. `wereT-

liseuli~ nusxis mixedviT.

`vefxistyaosnis~ wereTli-

seul nusxas saintereso istoria

aqvs. is Seqmnilia XVIII s-is I nax-

evarSi, mas Tavisi materialuri

simdidriTac da mxatvruli mniS-

vnelobiTac samefo dinastiis kva-

li etyoba. droTa ganmavlobaSi es

wigni abaSiZeebis, gurielebis da

bolos wereTlebis xelSi moxved-

rila. XIX saukuneSi ki daviT sara-

esma mania

`vefxistyaosniT~ Semdgari eri da epoqa

№ 7 2010

78 ivlisi

jiSvils simbolur fasad SeuZenia

da misi Cuqeba frangi mogzaurisT-

vis baron de baisTvis gadauwyve-

tia. vidre qarTveli mewarme Ta-

vis survils aasrulebda, eqvTime

TayaiSvils misgan es xelnaweri

aRsawerad uTxovia. Zalian male

imdroindel erT-erT periodul

gamocemaSi gamouqveynebia cnoba

imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor Seswira qa-

rTvelTa wera-kiTxvis gamavrce-

lebel sazogadoebas es xelnaweri

didma qarTvelma mecenatma daviT

sarajiSvilma. dRes es nusxa xel-

nawerTa erovnuli centris xel-

nawer wignTa sacavSi inaxeba.

levan TaqTaqiSvili, saqarT-

velos parlamentis erovnuli bib-

lioTekis direqtoris moadgile:

`maqvs `vefxistyaosnis~ msoflio-

Si yvela dros gamocemuli 400-ze

meti gamocemidan 336 nimuSi. es ga-

mocema maT Soris yvelaze maRali

xarisxisaa. aTeulobiT ilustra-

ciidan qarTveli mkiTxvelisTvis

mxolod 7-8 iyo cnobili. saintere-

soa, rom dRemde saukeTeso gamo-

cemad sabWoTa periodSi afxazur

enaze qarTuli SriftiT gamoce-

muli `vefxistyaosani~ miiCneoda~.

rogorc gamomcemloba `bakmis~

xelmZRvanelebma ganacxades, am ga-

mocemiT safuZveli Caeyara qarTu-

li kulturisTvis erT mniSvnelo-

van serias saxelwodebiT – `ganZi

rCeuli~. aseve SesaZlebelia `ve-

fxistyaosnis~ am gamocemis sax-

elobiTi egzemplarebis SekveTa da

miReba.

`vefxistyaosnis gamocemebs

Soris saukeTesod aRirebuli es

gamocema dRemde arsebulTagan

yvelaze mdidruli da uxvad ilus-

trirebulia. Tumca ilustraciebi

`vefxistyaosnis~ wereTliseuli

nusxidan aSkarad ganicdis aR-

mosavluri xelweris zegavlenas,

magram mainc inarCunebs TviTmyo-

fadobas. amaSi mkiTxveli uSualo-

dac darwmundeba.

yvela epoqaSi ase iyo da asea

dResac – `vefxistyaosani~ erT-

gvari duRabia warsulisa da awmy-

osi... roca is Sesabamisad fasdeba,

eric Semdgaria da epoqac!..

wignebs xSirad lodebs ada-reben – waikiTxaven Tu ara, Taroze Camodeben da unda idos saukuneobiT. es, erTi Sexed-viT, logikuri Sedareba, cota ar iyos, zerelobis gancdasac badebs, radgan ewinaaRmdegeba `lodisa~ da `wignis~ cnebebs. lodi myar reliefur safuZ-vels uqmnis dedamiwas, iseve rogorc wigni – azrovnebasa da cnobierebas. am cnebebis arsi-dan gamomdinare, maTi stati-kuroba Zalian Sorsaa maTive stagnaciisagan. maTi Sinagani energia, erTi SexedviT, uCi-nari, magram saocari Zalis mqo-nea. am TvalsazrisiT, marTlac hgavs isini erTmaneTs.

mziT adRvebili xelisgulebi-dan leqsebi unda avafrinoT... erTi fiqriT meti saRamo, erTi sunTqviT meti, erTi filtviT meti moZraoba gavSaloT droSi... moZraoba sisx-lidan gulSi, gulidan SenSi, Senidan masSi, maTSi da mere... midi da kere usazRvroebis daukemsavi fuRuroe-bi... Seni guli xom ifeTqebs ise, ro-gorc me davwere… – ho, ase ifeTqebs Tundac saaTi da 30 wuTi. droaxeuli afiSebiviT gavekraT cas da gavuSvaT yvelam Cven-Cveni gvirilebmibmuli frani... es dRe iqneba franis da gvir-ilebis dRe...

…`ivnisis 29, samSabaTi dRe, 19:30 wuTi… kinoTeatr `amiranis~ liter-aturuli kafe... nino nadiraZis… wig-nis prezentacia…. gamocdi saxls...~

aseTi poeturi anonsiT miiwvia axalgazrda poetma nino nadiraZem poeziis moyvarulebi Tavis rigiT mesame wignis wardginebaze. axali kre-bulis redaqtori mwerali mixo mo-

suliSvili gaxlavT, romelmac Sem-degi sityvebiT gaxsna saRamo: `wigns rom xelSi aiRebT, magrad CasWideT ydaze Sebmul Toks xeli, radgan fra-nia da uceb caSi ar gagifrindeT... es aris wigni, romelic SeiZleba xeli-dan gagvifrindes!~ man am sityvebiT SekrebilT yuradReba gaumaxvila wignis rogorc Sinagan, ise garegnul mxareze (wigns Zalian originaluri gadawyvetiT Sesrulebuli franis forma aqvs).

saRamoze, romelic uamravi gvi-riliTa da franiT iyo gaformebu-li, poetma Tavisi leqsebi violinos TanxlebiT waikiTxa. leqsebs aseve kiTxulobdnen axalgazrda poetebi: giorgi arabuli, nukri bereTeli, kato javaxiSvili, Tea Tabagari, nika CerqeziSvili, qeTi CxartiSvili da gvanca jobava. maT erTad `aafrines mziT adRvebili xelisgulebidan~ poetis bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi dawerili leqsebi.

caSi afrenili leqsebi

nino nadiraZe

ivlisi 79

№ 7 2010

wignebi

gamovida SoTa rusTavelis qar-Tuli literaturis institutis „galaktionis kvlevis centris“ mier momzadebuli morigi samecnie-ro-literaturuli krebuli „gal-aktionologia V“, centris xelmZ-Rvanelis Teimuraz doiaSvilis re-daqtorobiT.

krebuli aerTianebs uaxles gamokv-levebsa da werilebs. mkiTxveli gaecnoba poetis ucnob Tu naklebad cnobil leqsebsa da Canawerebs ubis wignakebidan, rostom CxeiZis vr-cel naSroms „TvalRia saflavebi“. „artistuli yvavilebis“ problema-tikas eZRvneba akaki baqraZis, le-van bregaZis, nino darbaiselisa da Teimuraz doiaSvilis gamokvleve-bi. rubrikaSi „konteqsti“ irakli kenWoSvili da kostantine bregaZe aSuqeben romantizmis tradiciasTan poetis mimarTebas. galaktionolo-giis istoria warmodgenilia repub-likaciiT akaki gawerelias werili-sa „galaktion tabiZis lirika“ (1938). leqss „ukanaskneli matarebeli“ eZRvneba daviT weredianis esse da gizo zarnaZis mogoneba. rubrikaSi „kritikuli diskursi“ Teimuraz doiaSvili ganixilavs inesa mera-biSvilis wigns „galaktionis enigme-bi“. totalitaristuli reJimisadmi galaktionis mimarTebas ikvleven Tamaz vasaZe da bela wifuria. ru-brikaSi „EEEEssai“ mkiTxveli gaecnoba vaxtang javaxaZis, ivane amirxanaS-vilisa da parmen margvelaSvilis statiebs. galaktionis lirikaSi

bavSvis mxatvruli koncepti gaSuqe-bulia emzar kvitaiSvilis werilSi. roland beriZis leqsmcodneobiT gamokvleva warmoaCens dasavluri myari saleqso formebis poetiseul transformacias. iaponeli mkvl-evari hirotake maeda Tavis werilSi gvacnobs iaponur enaze galaktionis lirikis pirvel, miseul Targman-sac. galaktionis poetur enaSi sim-bolistur sityvaTwarmoebas exeba naTia sixaruliZis gamokvleva. erTi leqsis teqstologiuri isto-riaa warmodgenili juli gaboZis werilSi. rubrikaSi „wignebi galak-tionze“ levan bregaZe, Tedo iaSvi-li da naTia sixaruliZe ganixilaven akaki xinTibiZis, nodar tabiZisa da zeinab sarias wignebs. „gamoxmaure-bani, Tvalsazrisi da informacia“ Seicavs guram barnovis, vaxtang rodonaiasa da mamuka Selegias statiebs. galaktionis cxovrebis epizods mkiTxveli gaecnoba el-guja berZeniSvilis moTxrobaSi. poetis Tavgadasavals acocxlebs lidia megreliZis mogonebebi, nana kobalaZis vrceli komentarebiT.

wignis dasasruls, tradiciis-amebr, rubrikebSi „dReebi brunavs“ da „mogonebaTa Tovis“ warmodge-nilia vrceli Tu mcire mogonebani, romlis avtorebic arian: lado asaTiani, lado gudiaSvili, niko kecxoveli, korneli sanaZe, Tamaz Cxenkeli, Sermadin oniani, gulbaT toraZe, nana dimitriadi da sxvani.

galaktionologia V

ivane liqokeli

`xevsureTis sisxliani 37~

komunisturi ruseTis mier saqa-rTvelos xelaxali okupaciisas me-11 wiTelma armiam 1922 wels xev-surebTan brZolaSi aTasobiT jaris-kaci dakarga.

xevsurTa opoziciuri ganwyobile-ba grZeldeboda 30-ian wlebSic.

1936-1937 wlebis saerTo komunis-

turi represiebis msaxvrali xeli Seexo xevsureTsac. gansakuTrebuli sisastike gamo iCines liqokelTa Te-mis mimarT. swored am sakiTxebsa da liqokelTa gvaris warmomavlobaze mogviTxrobs es axali istoriuli narkvevi, romelic gamomcemloba `artanujma~ axlaxan gamosca.

0179, Tbilisi, ilia WavWavaZis gamziri #17 b

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