w w w. g e o k n o . c o m

Role of Geo-spatial techniques for

Urban Watershed Management with

focus on Restoration & Preservation of

Water bodies

Dr. B. Sakthivel

Head – Water Resources

Geokno The LiDAR Company

Spinoff from IIT Kanpur (2009)

Introduced LiDAR technology to Infrastructure

Industry

Awarded Best Startup 2011 by

ISBA

Only company in India to own high end equipment in

all the three platforms

Most experienced LiDAR company

in India

Providing end to end solution for Infrastructure

projects

Engineering Grade LiDAR Platforms

Geokno HeliMapper: Only company in India with Aerial LiDAR capability

Geokno Mobile Mapper: Only machine in India with 1 cm accuracy

Terrestrial LiDAR: 7 mm accuracy

Verticals Solutions

SMART Cities &

AMRUT

Mapping of complete city to ensure that most efficient

planning for infrastructure is undertaken

Police Information System (Safe City GIS)

Municipal Services (Garbage disposal, Property Tax)

Utility Management

Interlinking of

Rivers, Irrigation

Planning, Water

Management &

Agriculture

Identifying the potential reservoir location

Development of minor and major irrigation projects

Identification of areas where crops can be easily

grown

Crop Monitoring & Crop Insurance

Disaster

Management

Flooding Analysis, Planning & Mitigation

Cyclone Mitigation & damage Assessment

Disaster Simulation

Power

Transmission &

Distribution

Accurate topography survey to ensure efficient power

transmission line deployment

Mapping & Asset Management of all Power Resources

Benefits - For development of States, the Aerial LiDAR

data will help the following verticals

3D Point Cloud of Small

Town in Mizoram

Verticals Solutions

Roads &

Railways

Get accurate Survey even under forest cover

Efficient route can help save upto 20% to 30% of project

cost (eg route length reduction in hilly terrain itself will

help in major savings)

Construction Management during construction phase

Asset Management and O&M after construction

Land Records

(NLRMP

Program)

Complete mapping of all land parcels (Digital - National

Land Records Modernization Program)

Digitization of existing land records and Geo-referencing

Super-imposition of LiDAR survey data and geo-

referenced land parcels to create up to date Land

records

Forest

Carbon Mapping of the state so as to ensure carbon

credits which can help fund infrastructure projects

Efficient mapping and management of forest areas

Benefits - For development of States, the Aerial LiDAR

data will help the following verticals

People and Water

Asia: 60% of world population, 36% of world’s water

INDIA: >17% of world population 4% of world’s water

Large cities 2005

Large cities 2015

The urban water challenge Growing - and thirsty - mega cities

What is ailing urban water sector in India

• Consumers are charged flat fee per year as water tax irrespective of

consumption of water.

• There is no Asset Management system i.e. any computerised

inventory and MIS to keep the records of assets available with

Municipal Corporation which makes it difficult for operation and

maintenance. Operation and maintenance of assets is given to local

contractors for whole city.

• Many times there are no taps or ball valves at the consumer end,

which leads to excess use/misuse of water by consumers than

required.

• Consumers are unaware about water conservation habits

What are the priorities of a city in an Urban

catchment ?

1. sufficient and Safe drinking water

2. Sanitation / sewers

3. Wastewater treatment & reduction of flooding

4. Reduction of pollution in recipients

5. Recreative values of water

Drought

Water for

food Energy

Domestic

water Water

quality

Challenges

Institutional and

human capacity Flood

Ecology

Groundwater

Navigation

Climate change

Cyclones

Coastal

erosion

Climate impacts on sewer systems We just witnessed in Chennai more precipitation,

but in shorter and more heavy bursts!

Result: Flooding

Action: Intelligent modelling, forecast and control

Adapting to climate change And urban Flood Management

Hydrological modelling

Conceptual model

Ensemble based uncertainty estimation in Watershed Management

Seamless weather generation and prediction

Future History

Weather radar

nowcast

Short-range, limited

area NWP forecast

Medium-range,

NWP forecast

Seasonal, long-range

forecast (NWP, WG)

Multi-decadal forecast

(Climate model, WG)

GPM satellites – a new and promising data source

• Rainfall in 0.1 degree grid

• Every 30 minutes

• Available after 6 hours

• Replaces TRMM

Integrated

urban water

plan

Other

facilities

Urban

developme

nt master

plan

City plans

City management

Public

Legislation

Institutional

framework

Basin Management

FRAMEWORK FOR INTEGRATED URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT AND LAND USE PLANNING

Planning

Scenario

Analysis

Economics

Presentation

Reporting

WEB - Mobile

Modeling

Optimization

Forecasting

Automation

Real Time Operations

Data and Information

Real Time

GIS

Smart Urban Water Management

Smart Urban watershed Management

Integrated Control and Operations - collection, treatment, discharge systems

resilient systems for the future

Being Prepared – Build Resiliency

DURING

PLANNING &

PREVENTION

EMERGENCY

RESPONSE

RECOVERY &

REHABILITATION

EARLY WARNING

Urban catchment management through water bodies restoration

• Change in drainage pattern

• Over exploitation of groundwater

• Pollution

• Encroachment of water spread

and hydraulic structures

• Change of land use

• Solid waste dumping

• Ecological and biodiversity

problems

Smart City Planning for Water(shed)Management

Water Management should be at the heart of all Smart city planning

Present planning is limited to treatment of waste water, quality monitoring and

smart metering.

No clear plans on how the proposed smart cities are linked with their urban water

catchments to ensure sustainable provision of water

Lakes, ponds and wetlands in urban areas are being reclaimed for building and

development instead of water sources of GW recharge

Better recycle and reuse methods using geospatial technologies shall be needed.

Immediate priority to ensure better watershed management both in the basin that

supplies water to urban areas and in urban areas

Intelligent watershed management in cities

• Strategies for “Handling more water at less costs”

• Seeing storm water as a resource and not as a problem.

• Using the urban landscape

for storing water

• Development of Green

Roof technologies

• Other rainwater harvesting

methods

• Treatment of rainwater for

secondary use

Waste water management-Shouldn’t we move from Sewer

Centric Approach to River Centric Approach for domestic

sewage? • Treat water in the bed of Nalas itself before discharge into water bodies

instead of transporting to a large sewage treatment plant

• Faster construction

• Stink free stretches

• Various options:

− Submerged Aerobic Fixed Film Reactor (SAF)

− Moving Bed Bio-form Reactor (MBBR)

− Conventional Activated Sludge (CAS)

− Filter Media

− Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)

− There is a Strong case to start building packaged STPs in Nalas rather

than conventional large STPs in Indian cities.

Technology Landscape: Packaged STPs Example

24

• Submerged Air

Systems are

generically low

cost.

• Very few moving

parts translate

into low

maintenance.

• No monitoring,

or chemical

dosing translate

into very low

opex.

© Waterneer, 2015. All Rights Reserved - Confidential

Restaurant over SAF based STP in Thailand

What can be done:

• Remove all or part of the subsidies on water in a phased manner

• Increase the awareness of the value of water

• Increase the understanding that safe water is an economic good for

the people

• We are used to pay for everything else!!

Intelligent utilisation of the urban areas !

With the aid of technology you can:

• Preserve water, when it is there!

• Avoid loss of water in piping systems

• Consider recharging the groundwater resources!

• Handle floodings intelligently

• Prepare the urban areas to handle floods

What is expected shortly:

Jan 2017

Water Revolution 2020