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Page 1: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Role of Diffusion in Cells 

Bio311 

con2nued… 

Page 2: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Bibliography Books •  Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg •  Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs & Newman •  Molecular Biology of the Cell‐ Alberts, et al. Papers 1.  A. M. Turing, (1952) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B237, 37 2.  Sinha DK, et al. (2008) Biophys J. 95, p5432 3.  H. Meinhardt et al. (2001) PNAS 98, 14202 4.  Meacci G. et al. (2006) Phys Biol. 3, p255 5.  Loose M, et al (2008) Science, 320, p789 6.  Kaláb P, et al. Nature.(2006) 440, p697 7.  Athale et al. (2008) Science, 322, p1243 

Page 3: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Diffusion based transport Transcrip2on compartments (TCs) dynamics affected by chroma2n structure 

Uridine 5’‐triphosphate (UTP) labelling 

RNA polymerase II 

Chroma2n compac2on  

Sinha DK, et al. (2008) Biophys J. 95, p5432 

Page 4: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Outline 

The role of diffusion in cells 

•  Transport •  Pabern forma2on/Cellular geometry 

•  Signaling 

Page 5: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Mobility of TCs affected by Local DNA packing 

Sinha DK, et al. (2008) Biophys J. 95, p5432 

Page 6: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Different Modes of Mobility 

Measure of anomalous diffusion 

normal 0.8<α<1.2 

Sub‐diffusion α<0.8 

Super‐diffusion α>1.2 

Independent of size Sinha DK, et al. (2008) Biophys J. 95, p5432 

Page 7: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Finding the Centre in E. coli 

Z‐ring 

Division 

Polymeriza2on 

Septa2on 

Centre finding 

Forma2on of a ring of FtsZ 

1.  Min inhibi2on of FtsZ 2.  Nucleoid Occlusion 

Page 8: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Finding the Centre 

The Min cycle  MinC inhibits FtsZ polymeriza2on 

Meacci G. et al. (2006) Phys Biol. 3, p255 

Page 9: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Diffusion Reac2on Paberns 

Loose M, et al (2008) Science, 320, p789

Min protein waves. MinD  (1 μM), doped with 20% Bodipy‐labeled MinD  (green), MinE  (1 μM), doped with 10% Alexa647‐labeled MinE (red).  

Scale bar is 50 μm, frames are 9 s apart 

MinE  MinD  Merge 

Page 10: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Signalling Protein Diffusion‐Reac2on Gradients 

Page 11: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Visualizing the RanGTP Gradient using FRET 

Page 12: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Gradient Range 

Page 13: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Role in Spindle Assembly 

Athale et al. (2008) Science, 322, p1243 

Page 14: Role of Diffusion in Cellscathale/lects/20091005_bio311.pdf · Bibliography Books • Random Walks in Biology‐ Berg • Biological Physics of the Developing Embryo‐ Forgacs &

Conclusions 

Role of  Diffusion in 1.  Transport 2.  Pabern forma2on/geometry 

3.  Signalling gradients 

Complex mechanisms combined‐ not in isola2on