RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE ARTART

Middle Ages vs. Renaissance Middle Ages vs. Renaissance ArtArt

During the medieval period, the During the medieval period, the dominant theme of art was the glory dominant theme of art was the glory of God and his authority over of God and his authority over humanity.humanity.

During the Renaissance with the During the Renaissance with the influence of humanists, human influence of humanists, human beings were portrayed as the central beings were portrayed as the central figures in life on earth. figures in life on earth.

Art of the Middle AgesArt of the Middle Ages““Icon with the virgin Hodegetria” Icon with the virgin Hodegetria”

Thessalonike,Greece 1360-70Thessalonike,Greece 1360-70 ByzantineByzantine depiction of crucifixion, depiction of crucifixion, artist unknownartist unknown

More art of Middle Ages More art of Middle Ages (Romanesque)(Romanesque)

“Christ and the adoration of the Magi”, Master of Pedret. Spain 1100 CE

Gothic ArtGothic Art

Jean Pucelle, “The betrayal of Christ and Annunciation”, 1325-1328

Characteristics of renaissance ArtCharacteristics of renaissance Art

Influenced by artistic achievements of Influenced by artistic achievements of classical Greece and Rome, especially classical Greece and Rome, especially in sculpture and architecture.in sculpture and architecture.

Early Renaissance painters treated Early Renaissance painters treated religious themes with a lifelike religious themes with a lifelike approach. approach.

Later Renaissance painters also Later Renaissance painters also employed a realistic style and employed a realistic style and continued to recreate biblical events.continued to recreate biblical events.

Realism and PerspectiveRealism and Perspective

Painting in the Renaissance marked Painting in the Renaissance marked a dramatic change in the way artists a dramatic change in the way artists perceived their subjects.perceived their subjects.

Emphasized realism, attention to Emphasized realism, attention to detail, and desire for perfection.detail, and desire for perfection.

The technique artists used to achieve The technique artists used to achieve realism in Renaissance painting is realism in Renaissance painting is known as perspective. known as perspective.

Dimension and PerspectiveDimension and Perspective Through perspective, Through perspective,

artists created the artists created the illusion of a three-illusion of a three-dimensional world on a dimensional world on a two-dimensional two-dimensional surface. surface.

Through the use of light Through the use of light and shadow, artists try and shadow, artists try to make feelings and to make feelings and ideas show in the face ideas show in the face and body. and body.

Portrait of Jacopo StradaPortrait of Jacopo Strada

Renaissance PaintingRenaissance Painting

PerspectivePerspective: representing correct spatial : representing correct spatial relationships using various scientific relationships using various scientific methods and mathematics to correctly methods and mathematics to correctly show distance and proportionshow distance and proportion

In 1435, Leon Battista Alberti (1404-1472) credited In 1435, Leon Battista Alberti (1404-1472) credited with describing linear perspectivewith describing linear perspective

The painter is now painting The painter is now painting

for for the viewerthe viewer not for God? not for God?

Giotto di Bondone 1267-1337Giotto di Bondone 1267-1337 “the missing link”“the missing link”

Giotto introduced perspective to his Giotto introduced perspective to his art which was still dominated by art which was still dominated by Christian themes Christian themes

His work becomes more elaborate His work becomes more elaborate and both foreground and background and both foreground and background are given intense detail and tell more are given intense detail and tell more complex storiescomplex stories

Giotto, “Madonna Enthroned” 1310, Giotto, “Madonna Enthroned” 1310, Uffizi, FlorenceUffizi, Florence

Giotto, “Meeting at the Golden gate”, Giotto, “Meeting at the Golden gate”, 1304-13061304-1306

PerspectivePerspective: “Ceiling of Camera” Andrea : “Ceiling of Camera” Andrea Mantegna, Ducal Palace, Mantua 1471-74Mantegna, Ducal Palace, Mantua 1471-74

Humanism in the Art WorldHumanism in the Art World

““Humanism” also hit the art world Humanism” also hit the art world during the Renaissance.during the Renaissance.

New works of art were modeled on New works of art were modeled on classical Greek and Roman sculpture, classical Greek and Roman sculpture, and painting.and painting.

Authors and artists of the Authors and artists of the Renaissance took classical works as Renaissance took classical works as philosophical models of reason, philosophical models of reason, intelligence, and taste. intelligence, and taste.

Art of the RenaissanceArt of the Renaissance

Renaissance art is Renaissance art is uplifting because of the uplifting because of the expression of profound expression of profound emotion.emotion.

The subjects, both The subjects, both human and divine, show human and divine, show a new interest in a new interest in naturalism.naturalism.

When looking at When looking at Renaissance art, Renaissance art, landscapes are often landscapes are often used as background, used as background, and is rarely used as a and is rarely used as a main subject of a work main subject of a work of art.of art.

The Human FigureThe Human Figure Artists began to Artists began to

look at the human look at the human figure as an object figure as an object of beauty.of beauty.

Renaissance artists Renaissance artists sought to convey sought to convey the illusion of the illusion of movement movement

Realistic Realistic representation was representation was importantimportant

The Human FigureThe Human Figure Correct symmetry Correct symmetry

and proportion were and proportion were essential in essential in Renaissance Art.Renaissance Art.

People were People were measured with measured with calipers to get the calipers to get the right proportions.right proportions.

Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci worked with worked with physicians to dissect physicians to dissect cadavers.cadavers.

Fire in the Borgo by RaphaelFire in the Borgo by Raphael

MichelangeloMichelangelo Sculptor, painter, Sculptor, painter,

architect….he is the best architect….he is the best example of a tortured example of a tortured artist. artist.

The Pope commissioned The Pope commissioned Michelangelo to paint Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel which the Sistine Chapel which took 4 years to took 4 years to complete. complete.

Sistine Chapel is a fresco Sistine Chapel is a fresco (painted on plaster. (painted on plaster.

Michelangelo Buonarotti “The Sistine Chapel” 1508-1512, Vatican, Rome

Michelangelo’s design Commissioned by the papacy,

Sistine Chapel – Adam & EveSistine Chapel – Adam & Eve

Sistine Chapel – Creation of sun and Sistine Chapel – Creation of sun and moonmoon

Michelangelo – Michelangelo – DavidDavid

MichelangeloMichelangelo

RaphaelRaphael

The “Rock-Star” of The “Rock-Star” of Renaissance Renaissance painters. He was a painters. He was a party-boy who party-boy who loved life. Died at a loved life. Died at a young age.young age.

Two of his principal Two of his principal teachers were teachers were Michelangelo and Michelangelo and LeonardoLeonardo

RaphaelRaphael

The Madonna and The Madonna and child was the child was the number one number one subject matter subject matter during this time during this time period. period.

Post famine art, Post famine art, people are shown people are shown healthier, largerhealthier, larger..

Raphael – School of AthensRaphael – School of Athens

Leonardo da VinciLeonardo da Vinci

The ultimate The ultimate Renaissance ManRenaissance Man

Scientist, artist, Scientist, artist, architect, inventorarchitect, inventor

Was known for his Was known for his use of light and use of light and dark in his art.dark in his art.

Two of his greatest Two of his greatest works: Mona Lisa works: Mona Lisa and The Last and The Last SupperSupper

Leonardo’s GeniusLeonardo’s Genius Leonardo was the quintessential “Renaissance Leonardo was the quintessential “Renaissance

man”, a polymath who excelled at many things man”, a polymath who excelled at many things

including painting, music, anatomy, sculpture.including painting, music, anatomy, sculpture.

The last supperThe last supper

Renaissance ArtRenaissance Art

One aspect of the Renaissance that One aspect of the Renaissance that made artwork so popular, was that made artwork so popular, was that new wealthy merchants and princes new wealthy merchants and princes of the Italian cities supported artists.of the Italian cities supported artists.

They served as patrons to artists and They served as patrons to artists and philosophers, supporting them with philosophers, supporting them with approval and money.approval and money.

In some cases, patrons invited artists In some cases, patrons invited artists to live and work in their palaces. to live and work in their palaces.

Additional ArtistsAdditional Artists El Greco – Greek who settled in Spain El Greco – Greek who settled in Spain

– Painted religious scenes such as the – Painted religious scenes such as the Assumption, and portraits of church Assumption, and portraits of church officials.officials.

Rembrandt – Dutch – considered Rembrandt – Dutch – considered greatest painter of northern Europe; greatest painter of northern Europe; effectively used contrast of light and effectively used contrast of light and shadow to depict everyday life. shadow to depict everyday life.

Rubens – Flemish – noted for brilliant Rubens – Flemish – noted for brilliant colors, known for Adoration of the colors, known for Adoration of the MagiMagi

Hieronymous Bosch “The Garden of Earthly Delights” 1510, Netherlands

Jan Van Eyck “The Arnolfini Portrait” 1434

Hans Holbein, the younger “The Ambassadors” 1533

The Art todayThe Art today

Renaissance art continues to evoke Renaissance art continues to evoke admiration today, as it attracts admiration today, as it attracts tourists to western Europe to visit tourists to western Europe to visit museums, churches and galleries to museums, churches and galleries to view these beautiful works.view these beautiful works.

In 1967 a da Vinci painting was In 1967 a da Vinci painting was purchased by Washington’s National purchased by Washington’s National Gallery of Art for a reputed record Gallery of Art for a reputed record price of between $5 and $6 million.price of between $5 and $6 million.