“Automated control system of a dam andmonitoring for irrigation”

Presented by

RAHUL N DESHMUKH

Guided By DR. M. P. DESHMUKH

Department of Electronics & Telecommunication EngineeringSSBT’s College of Engineering and Technology, Bambhori

North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon2014-15

OBJECTIVES

• The main objective of this concept to provide water to the farmers on their

request & to maintain the water levels and flows in the canals using

programmable logic controller.

• The design and implementation of automatic canal control system is

achieved through Function Block Diagram (FBD) programming.

• The implementation is done by using controller, driver IC &

communication protocols.

• The water data logging system is done through microcontroller & PLC

interfacing.

CONTENT

1. Introduction.2. Literature survey.3. Proposed Concept4. Selection of PLC5. Requirements of Input and outputs6. Programming Language7. Simulation for designed project8. Internal blocks of model.9. Overview of Hardware & Software10. Interfacing of I/O Devices11. Experimental Setup12. List of parameters.13. Results.14. Conclusion.15. References

INTRODUCTION

• Now a days water crisis is major issue.

• 50% water lost to leakage & system inefficiencies.

• Only 16% of farmers aware of irrigation efficiency technologies.

• 80-84% of water consumed for agriculture in India (by-MoWR)

• In 2010, demand of water for agriculture was 813 billion cubic meter,

In 2025, demand of water for agriculture will be 1093 billion cubic meter.

(by- MoWR/Dept. of Agriculture & Cooperation)

• Canal automation is becoming widely used to improve the operation of

canal systems and to conserve water.

• Many older canals are being modernized with data collection, telemetry, and

control equipment that helps canal operators better manage their water.

• In this project we are focusing on above issues & to provide sufficient amount

water to farmers on their requirement automatically.

• In water canals & sub-canals, water levels are also maintained with the help of

PLC (Crouzet) & millanium-3ac software.

• Sensors, gates, PLC, Function Block Diagram (FBD) language, GSM module

etc are the main components/devices used for the project.

• The used water by farmer data is also logged through software.

• So water data logging system is also available, for used water data record.

LITERATURE SURVEY

• The first research program in canal automation began in 1966 by the Bureau's

Mid-Pacific Region.

• In 1970’s, an electromechanical relays were used in operation of canal

automation in western U.S.

• In 1990’s, very few successful operations of PLC based automation systems.

• In Arizona USA, on the Salt River Project Canal system an automatic control

system was proposed. This system automates and enhances functions already

performed by operators

• Today, canal automation field is being develop & SCADA can be installed for

controlling whole system.

OLDER & EXISTING SYSTEMS

Colvin controller

Little-Man controllerDrawback:

Devices are limited to controlling, only the smaller canal system flow can be controlled

OLDER & EXISTING SYSTEMS

EL-FLO (Electronic Filter level offset) controller

Drawback:

It can be maintain big canal system but fails to control upstream and downstream level of water

PROPOSED CONCEPT

Sensors:S-1: sense water level between G-1&G-2S-2: sense water level between G-2,G-3&G-5S-3: sense water level between G-3&G-4S-4: sense water level between G-5&G-6S-5: sense water level between G-6&G-7

Gates (Solenoid Valves):G-4: Farmer-1G-7: Farmer-2

PROPOSED CONCEPT

• In this concept, we have consider two farmers which demands for water.

• When farmer-1 is requesting for water, he will send his request through sms.

• As soon as request granted by PLC, water level of sub-canal will automatically

checked by software.

• If sufficient water level is available then gate-4 (for farmer-1) will automatically

open for specific time duration.

• For farmer-1 sufficient water in sub-canal is necessary condition & if there is not

enough water level in sub-canal then sensor-3 will send the signal to PLC &

gate-3 will open.

Comparison between existing canal control system and proposed canal control system

• Existing System:• Semi automatic.• Programming constraints are more• Data Control Unit (DTU),

Data Collection Unit (DCU) are available

• High cost• Maintenance is more• Fault detection is not easy

Proposed System:• Fully automatic• Programming constraints are minimum• DTU’s & DCU’s work simply done by remote station server (laptop)• Cost is low• Low maintenance cost as we have used PLC’s as compared to existing one.• Fault detection is easy as compared to existing system

Functional Interaction of PLC System

ARCHITECTURE OF PROPOSED CANAL CONTROL SYSTEM

SETUP

SYSTEM DESIGN

In system design

Step-1) Design of power supply-

Power Supply-24v DC,5Amp

Step-2) Selection of PLC

Step-3) Selection of inputs & outputs

SELECTION OF PLC

For the selection of PLC, the following considerations are important

i) Type of PLC- whether compact or modular?

In this we have used compact PLC, because it is cheaper & our

input & outputs are fixed. So we have selected CD-20 as on

requirement.

ii) Power Supply of PLC- 24vdc/12vdc/24vdc/230vac/24vac

We have used 24vdc power supply PLC

SELECTION OF INPUTS/OUTPUTS

• Depends on proposed concept we require five sensors & two gsm modules for

farmers notification. So total digital inputs required are seven.

• And we have total seven gates on canals & sub-canals, we have placed

solenoid valves, these are also digital types, so total digital outputs required are

seven.

• By considering above inputs/outputs, we require PLC having minimum seven

digital input & seven digital outputs.

• So we have to select Crouzet Make PLC with minimum 7-DI & 7-DO

• After going through catalog , we find CD-20 is perfect PLC for our

requirement.

Technical Specifications for Crouzet CD-20 PLC:

Type- CD-20 Power Supply-24VDCInputs- 6 DISCR+ 6(0-10V)Outputs- 8 RELAY

PARAMETER WINDOW AFTER SELECTING INPUTS & OUTPUTS

FRONT PANEL VIEW OF PLC ON SIMULATION WINDOW

In the front panel of PLC,

Inputs are at upper side- 123426 (DI) BCDEFG (AI)Outputs are at lower side- 12345678 (DO)

SIMULATION WINDOW VIEW WITH FRONT PANEL & TIME PROGRAM JUMP EVENT

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

• In different types of PLC’s, different programming languages are used-

Sr No PLC Programming Language

1 Siemens i)Ladderii)FBD (Function Block Diagram)iii)IL (Instruction List)iv)ST (Structured Text)v)SFC (Sequential Function Chart)

2 Allen Bradley i)Ladder ii)FBD

3 Modicon i)Ladder

4 Crouzet i)Ladder ii)FBD

5 Schneider Electric i)Ladder ii)FBD

6 Mitsubushi i)Ladder ii)FBD

7 Delta i)Ladder ii)FBD

8 Messung i)Ladder ii)FBD

VIEW OF FUNCTION BLOCK DIAGRAM (FBD)

INTERNAL BLOCKS OF MODEL

• Timer A-C: This timer is used in programming for controlling On/Off time of gates

Selection of timer block in software window Function A-C Timer:

FUNCTION A-C TIMER:

Double clicking on timer block we got this parameter window on programming screen, from this we can set ON delay & OFF delay

TIMINGS DIAGRAM FOR A-C TIMER

OR,AND FUNCTION BLOCKS

OR function block:

AND function block:

OVERVIEW OF HARDWARE & SOFTWARE

• Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)

Hardware- Crouzet PLC (Compact)

Type- CD-20

No of Inputs- 12 (6-DI/6AI)

No of Outputs- 08 (8-DO)• GSM Module• Sensor• Solenoid Valves-12VDC.1Amp• Power Supply

24 VDC, 5 amp

Software:

Millanium-3 AC

Programming languages-

1) Ladder Language 2) Function Block Diagram (FBD)

FBD PROGRAMMING SIMULATION WINDOW

Step by step development of programming environment in FBD language

Step by step development of programming environment in FBD language

I )When Farmer-1 & Farmer-2 Both Requested For Water Simultaneously

II) when Farmer-1 is requested for water (Condition- if water is available in canal)

when Farmer-1 is requested for water (Condition- if water is not available in canal)

III) when farmer-2 requested for water (Condition- if water is available in canal)

AUTOMATED DATA LOGGING SYSTEM

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

RESULTS

11/09/2014 12/09/2014 13/09/2014 14/09/201405

101520253035

Time Water

Reuest for water datewise by farmer

Tim

e of

requ

set b

y fa

rmer

Date 11/09/2014 12/09/2014 13/09/2014 14/09/2014

Time 9.12 12.03 16.05 22.4

Water 32 32 32 32

REFERENCES

1. Syed Muhammad Umar Talha, Syed Sheraz Mohani, Syed Hassan Ahmed and Mansoor Ebrahim , “Design for an Irrigation and Monitoring System of an Automated Dam”,Proceedings of the International MultiConference of Engineers and computer scientists,pp-14-16, vol-II, Mar-2012.

2. Anil B. Mandavia, “Modernization of irrigation system operational management by way of canal automation in India,” Chief Engineer, Management Information Systems SardarSaroar Narmada Nigam Limited, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.

3.P. O. Malaterre, D. C. Rogers, and J. Schuurmans, “Classification of canal control algorithms”, J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 3–10,Jan./Feb. 1998.

4.V. Ruiz-Carmona, A. J. Clemmens, and J.Schuurmans, “Canal control algorithm formulations”, J. Irrig. Drain. Eng., vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 31–39,Jan./Feb. 1998.

5.I. Mareels, E. Weyer, S. Ooi, M. W. Cantoni, Y. Li, and G. N. Nair, Systems engineering for irrigation systems: Successes and challenges,” Annu. Rev. Control, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 191–204, 2005.

6.A. J. Clemmens, R. J. Strand, and E. Bautista, “Field testing of SacMan automated canal control

systems,” in Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. USCID: Water District Manage. Governance, pp. 199–209, San Diego, CA, 2005.

• 7.José V. Aguilar, Pedro Langarita, Lorenzo Linares, and José Rodellar, Senior Member, IEEE,

“Automatic Control of Flows and Levels in an Irrigation Canal”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON

INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL. 45, NO. 6, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2009.

THANK YOU