quinsigamond community college

Q u i n s i g a m o n d C o m m u n i t y C o l l e g eCreating an Entry Experience through Sustainable Design

Worcester, Massachusetts

Lucie Martin & Sarah MitchellConway School of Landscape Design

Spring 2009

Index of Sheets

Project Overview

IntroductionContext & Base Map with Design Focal Area

HistoryNearby Parks & Open Spaces

Site Analyses

Views & SurroundingsWestern Drop-off Focal Area Analysis

Access, Circulation, & Lighting AnalysisWind & Slope Analysis

Detail: Slope & Circulation Cross-sectionHydrology in Context

Drainage AnalysisSun & Shadow Analysis

Soils AnalysisVegetation & Wildlife Analysis

Summary Analysis

Designs

Design PrinciplesAlternative: Formal Meets Informal

Alternative: Boylston BermsAlternative: Tapestry

Preferred Design: Framed ContrastsPreferred Design Detail: Western Drop-off

Preferred Design Detail: Northwestern Slope Preferred Design Detail: Sledding Hill

Planting PlanPlanting Plan Detail: Western Drop-off

Planting Plan Detail: Rain GardenDesign Precedents

Construction DetailsCost Estimate & Phasing

Preferred Design in Context

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The landscape of Quinsigamond Community College (QCC) is in a time of major transition. Following a highly damaging

winter ice storm, an infestation of the Asian longhorned beetle, and the current construction of a new loop road, the campus is unusually exposed to wind, sun, and traffi c from West Boylston Street. More specifi cally, due to beetle infestation, approximately twenty maple trees were removed from the streetscape along West Boylston Street, bordering the western edge of campus. Tree canopies were compromised from the winter ice storm and many damaged limbs had to be removed. Current construction has caused many trees and other plants to be transplanted or removed.

QCC contacted the Conway School of Landscape Design to create landscape designs for the western edge including the sledding hill and western drop-off area. This area is referred to as the focal area in this plan set.

Introduction

Quinsigamond Community College seeks to create spaces that improve sustainable land use and resilience against

uncertain future landscape changes on campus. The college hopes to communicate the importance of sustainability through campus design by using durable, environmentally appropriate materials, reusing materials on site as feasible, and creating environmental awareness.

Goals for Focal Area

• Create a legible and welcoming main gateway and front yard for visitors, local residents, and the college community along the western side of the property

• Soften and green the streetscape for the western edge bordering a commercial zone

• Provide a protected and welcoming commons for commuters gathering near the western drop-off

• Increase stormwater infi ltration

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190

Worcester, Massachusetts

Context & Base Map with Design Focal Area

Weasel Brook

Downtown Worcester

Indian Lake

.5 1 mile0 Not for construction. This drawing is part of a student project and is not based on a legal survey.

0 100 200 ft.

Assumption Road

Burncoat North Driveway

Western Drop-off

Common Area Eastern

Drop-off

Sledding Hill

Fuller Student Center

Administration Building

Main Entrance

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Residential

Residential

AdministrBuildin

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nistrildin

Commercial

Weasel Brook

Harrington Learning Center Athletic

Center

Surprenant Hall

Ahlfors Hall

Maintenance Building

Child Study Center

Quinsigamond Community College is a 50.4-acre campus located in the northern part of Worcester, Massachusetts.

Worcester is the second largest city in Massachusetts and the third largest in New England with a population of approximately 176,000 according to the 2006 U.S. census. The college serves 7,000 commuter students weekly. In addition, the college is in proximity to Interstate 190 and borders heavily traffi cked West Boylston Street, a commercial strip to the

west. Weasel Brook lies 200 feet to the west of campus. The other three sides are urban residential neighborhoods. Within the campus, the design focal area, in pink on the base map above, consists of the western edge and western drop-off, including the popular sledding hill and common area south of the Fuller Student Center.

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QCC

QCC Campus

Focal Area

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History

The earliest European settlement around the seven hills of Worcester and Lake Quinsigamond began in the seventeenth

century and in 1722 the town of Worcester was incorporated. During the fi rst hundred years of European settlement the predominant land use pattern was agricultural, but by the mid-eighteenth century the area became increasingly industrialized with textile mills and other industries established along the Blackstone Canal, which was constructed in 1828. The Blackstone River Watershed has been recognized as the birthplace of the American Industrial Revolution, giving it the reputation of the hardest working river in the United States.

By 1873, 41,000 inhabitants resided in Worcester and tax records show there were 373 farms in thirty-six square miles. Land use patterns indicate 2,700 acres of woodland, 4,500 acres of mowed lawn, 4,000 acres of cow and horse pasture, and 36,000 acres of apple orchards.

Assumption College circa 1904 showing the original stone wall entrance.

In 1953, a tornado hit Assumption College, killing three people and causing extensive damage to buildings and the grounds.

In the aftermath of the tornado, the city of Worcester was reforested with Norway maples. Many of those trees provided an iconic streetscape seen along West Boylston Street as well as many other Worcester streets. A memorial to the victims of this tornado is an important community destination on the current campus.

Although the buildings on the campus were rebuilt, Assumption College relocated to a new site in Worcester in 1956. Assumption Preparatory School remained on the original campus until it relocated in the 1960s and eventually closed in 1970.

Photos show the Administration Building and North Hall prior to (above) and after (below) the tornado of 1953.

Asian longhorned beetle

QCC landscape prior to ice storm, beetle infestation, and road construction

In 1963 Quinsigamond Community College moved to the Assumption College site and now serves 13,000 commuter

students annually. From the beginning of its occupancy, the need for a campus loop road to handle the large volume of commuter traffi c was evident, and in 2008, construction of a loop road was initiated.

A signifi cant number of landscape canopy trees have been removed from the main entrance road due to construction. In addition, the Asian longhorned beetle infested over 20,000 of Worcester’s trees, including many on the campus. The removal of infested trees and damage from an ice storm in December 2008 has led to a time of major landscape transition on the Quinsigamond Community College campus.

Assumption College was founded in 1904 to educate young men of French-Canadian heritage, whose parents migrated

to the region to work in the mills of Worcester. The college grew to include a preparatory school as well as a four year college. The Assumption College campus location in Greendale, a neighborhood of northern Worcester, was on land previously used as orchards. By 1941, the college had 300 students who paid $500 yearly tuition. A fl ourishing farm, where the current QCC athletic fi elds are located, provided those students with eggs, milk, poultry, and fresh produce and saved the college $5000 a year.

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Main entrance during construction April 2008

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QCC

Worcester Country Club (not public)

Green Hill ParkInstitute Park

Salisbury Park

Shore Park

Indian Lake Dodge Park

Burncoat Park

Tacoma Street Playground

Roberto Clemente Playground

Regatta Point Park

Lake Quinsigamond

Kendrick Field

Nearby Parks & Open Spaces

Other Worcester Parks:

Beaver Brook Park Cristoforo Colombo Park Crompton Park Greenwood Park Lake Park Logan Field University Park Wetherell Park

Large expanses of parks and open spaces are within a thirty minute drive of the Worcester city limits, contributing to

the health of the region. Within the city of Worcester, many smaller parks and open spaces create a network of urban green space.

While a few parks, playgrounds, and fi elds are less than two miles from Quinsigamond Community College, the campus serves as a convenient community green space for local residents, visitors, and the college community. The western edge is used as a sledding hill in the colder months and the athletic fi eld and track are used for community recreation. Local residents and visitors walk their dogs, push their children in strollers, and set up lawn chairs on the grass to watch sporting events during warmer weather.

Not for construction. This drawing is part of a student project and is not based on a legal survey.

Rte 2

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Worcester

290

84

Large areas of green space are within thirty miles of Worcester city limits; however, due to the outward development of Worcester, large areas of green space are not as common within the city limits.

Legend

Green space

Waterbody

Highway

Legend

Green space

Waterbody

Road

0 .25 .5 miles

0 10 20 miles

2 miles

1 mile

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Urban Residential

Views & Surroundings

Panoramic view of the western campus edge and main entrance overlooking a commercial strip

View down the main drive toward the entrance

View toward the west of campus from Amy’s memorial site, a place of contemplation at the top of the sledding hill.

View to the south of a vacant lot bordering an urban residential area. Neighbors are exposed to lights and noise from loop road.

a

a

The western focal area looks out to the west on a commercial strip along West Boylston Street. Due to the Asian longhorned

beetle infestation, the maple trees that once created a vegetated buffer along this strip were removed, exposing the campus to a full view of the commercial area. An oak allee lines the main drive, creating a desirable formal entrance experience. Residential neighborhoods have views of increased traffi c from the campus loop road. Car lights and noise from loop road traffi c is of concern to residents.

Design Implications: Focal area designs should create a softened streetscape and also serve to frame views into and out of campus. Opportunities to create more privacy for neighbors on the urban residential sides should be explored.

Commercial

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Western Drop-off Focal Area Analysis

The western drop-off focal area is a mostly level, centrally located activity hub between the main entrance to the

Administration Building and the Fuller Student Center. The space is used for occasional concerts and festivals and daily as a place to eat, study, and play. A new function as a vehicular drop-off area adds pedestrian and vehicular traffi c to this area. Renovations to the Administration Building will create a new main entrance for visitors and students. A vegetated grotto, a religious relict from Assumption College, creates an area of quiet respite on the eastern edge of the focal area.

Design Implications: Because of the expected heavy pedestrian and vehicle traffi c, designs should direct movement through the landscape, provide screening where necessary, and maintain a welcoming feel to gathering areas.

Southwest corner of grotto at site of future plaza

0 50 100 ft.

Western Drop-off

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0 100 200 ft.

Large oak shows damage from the ice storm.arge oak

A


View to the Administration Building through shrubs and a crab-apple

Administr

E

C

The grotto maintains a formal look

AD

C

B

FE

Fuller StudentCenter

Patio

North Hall ofAdministration Building


B

Fuller Student Center where concerts, festivals, eating, studying, and playing take place.

View to th

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Access, Circulation, & Lighting Analysis

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Assumption Road

Sledding Hill

0 100 200 ft.


Athletic Center

Harrington Learning Center

Ahlfors HallFuller

Student Center


Child Study Center


Surprenant Hall

Main Entrance

Legend

Two-way traffi c

One-way traffi c

Pedestrian traffi c

Public transportation stop (new)

Public transportation stop (old)

Main entrance into Administration Building Light poles

Access & Circulation: The new loop road creates a more pedestrian-friendly campus by removing the main driveway that currently bisects the campus, pushing vehicular circulation to the periphery of campus. The road is primarily one-way in order to lessen the amount of traffi c and limit impervious surfaces. A drop-off area, which has a new public transportation stop used by the Worcester Regional Transit Authority (WRTA) on the western side of campus, creates easy access to the buildings. Because of this stop, fewer pedestrians will need to walk up from West Boylston Street, where the old stop was located. All students are provided with a WRTA transit pass in an effort to decrease the number of vehicles on campus.

Design Implications: Designs should use materials that withstand heavy traffi c and create a welcoming feel which draws people through the landscape. Designs should also increase the opportunity for pedestrian circulation to areas that currently do not offer any.

Lighting: The campus has adequate lighting for pedestrians and vehicles on main roads, but it would not be adequate if pedestrian paths were added along the western slope.

Design Implications: If additional lighting is desired for paths designed away from the loop road, care should be given to minimize effects on residential neighborhoods and wildlife.

Burncoat North Driveway

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Wind & Slope Analysis

Wind: The region has winter winds predominantly from the north and northwest and stronger winds from the south in the summer. Due to the position of the campus—near a ridge line—Quinsigamond Community College experiences gusty winds year-round.

Design Implications: Because QCC is exposed to north-northwest winter winds and much of its vegetation is deciduous, which does not block as well in the winter, it is important to protect the campus and incorporate wind blocks.

Slope: Most of the QCC campus slopes down towards the west. The terrain varies from areas with 0% slope (appropriate for parking areas) to steep slopes over 10% (diffi cult to navigate on foot). Steep terrain (over 10%) can be seen in bands mostly where re-grading for the new loop road has taken place such as along the top of the sledding hill. Such steep terrain contributes to severe stormwater run-off and erosion as well as diffi culties in navigating the site easily. A newly constructed stone wall (shown in green on the map) in this area creates a drastic vertical face when looking at the college from West Boylston Street.

Design Implications: Steep terrain makes the college diffi cult for pedestrians to navigate. Designs should work with the contours to create pathways that are less than 8% slope to create more comfortable walking conditions and comply with the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA).

Sledding Hill

Stone Wall

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Infi ltration Basin

0 100 ft.

Legend 0-3% slope (appropriate for parking)

3-8% slope (ADA compliant)

8-10% slope (navigable over a short distance on foot)

10%+ slope (diffi cult to navigate)


Ahlfors Hall


Child Study Center


Surprenant Hall

21+

17-21

11-16

7-10

4-6

1-3

Wind Speed (knots)

N

S

W E

Typical winds experienced in Worcester over the course of a year.

Wind Rose

Each dashed line of the circle shows 2% frequency of the speed of wind during the year. For example this shows that about 4% of the wind was 11-16 knots coming from the north-northeast during the year.

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West Boylston Street

670660650640630620610600590580

Detail: Slope & Circulation Cross-section

Pedestrian circulation from West Boylston Street to the drop-off loop road is limited to sidewalks lining the steep (11%)

main drive. There are no existing paths on the lawn. A public transit bus stop at the intersection of the main entrance and West Boylston Road has been moved to the western drop-off loop at the top of the slope to provide a more direct access point for buildings and to eliminate the steep climb up the main drive for pedestrians.

A'

A

0 50 ft.


Elevation in Feet

Administration BuildingLoop Road Drop-Off Loop

Section A - A'

Street edge starts at 580' in elevation. The Administration Building is at 610' in elevation.

A A'

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Hydrology in Context

The western campus edge sits along a 200-foot River Protection Area for Weasel Brook, which is one of the brooks and

wetlands forming the headwaters for the Blackstone River.

The campus has steeply sloped terrain and approximately 40% impervious surfaces; consequently, large volumes of untreated stormwater drain into the Blackstone River, directly affecting water quality.

A 100-foot wetland buffer, required by the Massachusetts Wetlands Protection Act, ensures that the area around Weasel Brook will be protected.

Design Implications: Water infi ltration and treatment on the QCC campus affects the greater community and Blackstone River Watershed. Vegetated buffers and catchment systems that absorb and treat stormwater before it leaves the campus will protect the health of the watershed.

0 400 800 ft.Legend

100’ Wetland Buffer

200’ River Protection area

QCC Property Lines

Sign on storm drain adjacent to the campus


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Blackstone River Watershed

Blackstone River

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Massachusetts

Worcester

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Drainage Analysis

Stormwater on the QCC campus drains mainly to the west. During the new loop road construction, a network of

underground pipes was installed to channelize drainage along the northern loop road as well as on the northern side of the sledding hill. Infi ltration basins downslope from most of the impervious surfaces hold stormwater; overfl ow goes to a retention basin on the north lawn.

Impervious surfaces cover nearly 40% of the campus. Untreated stormwater drains off the site towards Weasel Brook. Because it is untreated, sediments and toxins from the campus create a polluted mix that affects ecosystems downstream (see sheet 10, Hydrology in Context).



Sledding Hill

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Parking Area

Ahlfors Hall

Child Study Center

Surprenant Hall



The areas shown in gray are impervious surfaces, making up 40% of the campus.

Legend

Water connects with City of Worcester underground drain pipes

Water enters pipe

Drain

New underground pipe

Direction of drainage

Retention basin

Underground infi ltration basin

Design Implications: Designs should utilize rainwater for watering vegetation on campus and treat stormwater run-off through bioremediation or phytoremediation methods. Increasing infi ltration through the use of rain gardens and additional vegetation are also important. Infi ltration basins and drainage systems in between the Administration Building and parking area (to the east of the focal area) have been proposed and if implemented would greatly decrease the amount of run-off entering the focal area from up-slope, thereby lessening untreated stormwater running off campus into the Blackstone River.

0 100 ft.

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Sun & Shadow Analysis

There is some shade cast by the Administration Building and vegetation on the western slope in the early morning,

especially in the winter months, but this is minimal. The western slope for the most part receives ample sun year-round. Winter sun assists the melting of snow and ice on pedestrian pathways and roads, which reduces the need for salt and chemicals.

Design Implications: The focal area should be designed for full sun except under tree canopies. Plant choices should refl ect light conditions. Rooftops with southern exposure provide optimal conditions for use of photovoltaic panels and should be considered for energy production.


1:00 p.m.9:00 a.m.January

3:30 p.m.1:00 p.m.May 9:00 a.m.

1:00 p.m. 3:30 p.m.

3:30 p.m.

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Soils Analysis

A mixture of fi ne sandy loams and urban fi ll makes up the soils of the Worcester region, which is refl ected on the QCC

campus. Paxton soils, deep and well drained glacial deposits, are the majority of soils found on site. Ridgebury soil, at the base of the western slope, is poorly drained. The fi ne sandy loam and slope categories shown on this graphic, generally, refl ect the slope patterns on site. The urban soils resulted from grading and fi lling as the site was developed. Additionally, previous use as an orchard contributes to current arsenic and copper contamination of the soil.

Soil compaction from construction and traffi c, both pedestrian and vehicular, has decreased soil fertility, affected soil structure, and reduced the ability for the soil to absorb stormwater. Compounding the soil-compaction challenges, heavy metal contamination in some soils is a health risk and potentially affects downstream ecosystems. Further soil testing should be done on the entire campus.

Design Implications: Soil patterns and conditions should inform plant selection. Nitrogen-fi xing plants and those that are stabilizing and deep rooting may help ameliorate some of the soil issues. Plants specifi cally useful in phytoremediation, such as bulrushes and certain sedges, should also be considered.

PaB

PaC

PdC

RdA

Ur

Ud

Soil mound contaminated with arsenic and copper once located behind Administration Building. During construction this pile was leveled and used as fi ll elsewhere on site.


0 100 ft.Source: Natural Resource Conservation Service Soil Survey for Worcester, MA.

Legend

PaC-Paxton fi ne sandy loam 8-15%

PaB-Paxton fi ne sandy loam 3-8%

PdC-Paxton Urban land complex 8-15%

Ud-Udorthents, smoothed Ur-Urban land

RdA-Ridgebury fi ne sandy loam 0-3%

Contaminated soil mound

Property Line

Focal Area

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Sledding Hill

Mown Lawn

Vegetation & Wildlife Analysis

Existing vegetation consists of large areas of mown lawn which separate island plantings, tree allees, groves, and ornamental

clusters near buildings, entrances, and gathering areas. Isolated plantings surrounded by large areas of lawn diminish cohesiveness. The grounds are well maintained. Plantings are adequately mulched, and new vegetation is planted annually after graduation using plants from the ceremony. Maintenance for the lawn has a high energy and labor cost with two people mowing four days a week during the growing season.

Due to an infestation of the Asian longhorned beetle, a recent winter ice storm, and current construction of the loop road, much of the campus vegetation has been disturbed, removed, transplanted, or damaged. This has been particularly harmful for species of birds, mammals, and insects supported by campus vegetation.

Design Implications: Designs should create a more welcoming entrance, restore the streetscape and campus canopy, and restore soil quality to its pre-construction state. Increasing nesting opportunities and food supplies for wildlife is additionally important. Vegetation choices should result in reduced maintenance and resource use (water, energy, chemicals).

Legend

Existing deciduous tree Existing conifer groves

Mown lawn

Hemlock grove compromised due to construction, which removed over 50% of the original grove

Chipping sparrows eat a variety of insects found in healthy soils.

Western slope island planting

Remnant oak allee lining the main drive

Eastern cottontails like to munch on clover, bluegrass, and wild rye.

Goldfi nches enjoy feasting on seeds of grasses.

Northern mockingbirds require low dense vegetations for habitat.

Not for construction. This drawing is part of a student project and is not based on a legal survey.0 100 200 ft.

Mulched ornamental planting on the edge of a hemlock grove

Wil

dlif

e im

ages

tak

en f

rom

Inte

rnet

sou

rces

.

Athletic Center

Harrington Learning CenterAhlfors

HallFuller Student Center


Surprenant Hall

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Summary Analysis

QCC’s existing conditions consist of:

steep terrain to the west• blustery winter winds prevailing from the north and • northwestdrainage both channelized underground and sheeting to the • westcirculation centering around the main entrance and western • loop drop-offfull sun on most of the western slope all year • vegetation in groves and island plantings and large areas of • mown lawnwell drained soils on most of campus•

Damage from a winter ice storm, loss of trees infested with Asian longhorned beetle, and vegetation compromised from construction has left the campus unusually exposed. The conditions seen on the map—heavy traffi c, problematic drainage and stormwater run-off (contributing to erosion), steep slopes and ample sun—create a need for protection from these elements.

Design Implications: Designs should create welcoming and legible entry experience using durable materials and native plantings in order to withstand heavy pedestrian and vehicle traffi c and sunny, steep conditions. Designs should also ease navigation across steep slopes and provide protection from winds.


Wes

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0 100 200 ft.

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Cold North-Northwest Winter Winds &

Windy Year-Round

Drainage

Drainage

Drainage

Drainage

Residential

Residential

Commercial

Drainage

Drainage

Drainage

Steep

Steep

Legend

Existing trees, groves, allees

Heavily traffi cked area

Sunny

Hub of activity




Athletic Center

Ahlfors Hall

Surprenant Hall


Child Study Center

Cold No

Windy Year-Round

Commercial

rth-Northwest WinterWinds &

indy Year-Round

Drainage

Drainage

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Design Principles

Plants should be native species chosen for seasonal interest,

wildlife food and habitat, resilience and diversity.

Plants should also require low maintenance. Vegetation masses should create unifying

patterns that should be repeated throughout the

campus.

PLANTS

The campus should provide educational opportunities for

students and residents.The campus should

provide open space for recreation, socialization and

contemplation.

SOCIAL CONNECTION

The campus should exemplify a concern for the wellbeing of the Worcester Community

by implementing designs that support the present and future ecosystems of plant, animal and human

populations.

SUSTAINABILITY

The materials chosen should match existing hardscapes.

The use of regional materials reduces transportation and energy costs. Reuse and repurpose materials from campus loop road

construction.

MATERIALS

Plant no more than 10% of a species for diversity and resilience (supports the Worcester Tree Initiative guidelines for ALB quarantine areas)

Plant in groves and masses, connect isolated specimen plantings to increase cohesion and legibility and preserve wildlife habitat

Use native plants and those known to perform well in Worcester (use reliable sources such as Tower Hill Botanical Garden)

Reclaim materials on site such as unearthed stone, granite curbs, etc.

Plant steep slopes for erosion control

Plant close to stormwater basins to assist with infi ltration (elements such as rain gardens provide an educational opportunity)

Use vegetation to screen areas with vehicles (use sources such as the Worcester Zoning Guidelines for suggested distances)

Use plants and materials that provide year-round interest and habitat—bark, berries, fl owers, leaves, unique shapes

Plant to create shade during hot months and not block winter sun

Plantings and hardscapes should be multifunctional—permeable pavers, seating walls, edible screening plants

Use species resistant to Asian long-horned beetle and other well-known pests or diseases (see planting plan beginning on page 24)

Use “No-Mow” turf and ground covers to lessen mowing maintenance demands on energy and labor

Plant the turf strips between parking lots (refer to Worcester Zoning Guidelines for vegetation use for large off-street parking areas)

Create a unifi ed landscape by repeating plant and hardscape elements throughout campus

The following design principles, grouped under the plants, materials, social connection, and sustainability categories, refl ect the overall project goals and

are used to evaluate the design criteria below. Colored circles next to the criteria indicate which categories are addressed.

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Alternative: Formal Meets Informal

AAAA orsss sssssAhlfollHal

tonHarringtog Learning

Center

Plaza

SSS nt SurprenanHall

Sledding Hill

“No-Mow” Turf

“No-Mow” Turf

0 100 200 ft.

Legend

Existing deciduous tree

Proposed deciduous tree

Pedestrian circulation

Existing conifer groves

Proposed conifer trees

Meadow

Plantings

Memorial

Presenting a more traditional framework, this alternative design restores the trees once lining the street edge, maintains open spaces without the need for mowing by using “No-Mow” turf or

meadow, and enhances gathering spaces near the western drop-off. Sustainability is less addressed in this design compared to the designs on the succeeding pages.

Creates plaza experience by adding elements for sitting and vegetation along walkway from western drop-off to grotto

Adds northern and southern pedestrian access from West Boylston Street and pathways on western slope

Provides park-like pedestrian pathways with seating and vegetative borders to screen vehicular noise and views

Creates legibility through familiar formal elements, such as restoring the West Boylston Street allee and framing thoroughfares to invite use

Requires maintenance for formal look (pruning, edging, etc.)

Exposes memorial sites to wind and sun

Limits options for traversing the slope (for example, no direct routes from memorials to West Boylston Street)


Sketch detail for the entrance of campus along West Boylston Street. The design reclaims and reuses the stone wall that was taken down during the widening of the entrance, but adds a softer vegetated look.

M

M

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Administratiiiioooooooooooon Building

Fuller StudentCenter

Child Study Center


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This design changes the formal look of the campus and adds berms and plantings to defi ne the campus edge, draw visitors through the landscape, and provide protection for open spaces.

Two new paths create access from West Boylston Street into lawn areas.

Increases stormwater infi ltration with rain garden

Provides seating area protected from street and wind, at bottom of sledding hill behind berms

Separates campus from commercial strip and provides buffer from traffi c noise and views

Announces campus by placement of stone wall with signs at the northwestern and southwestern corners

Provides less wildlife habitat than Tapestry alternative

Limits main pathways accessing campus to sidewalks along entrance road

Creates potential risk for sled riders who may hit the berm and go onto West Boylston Street

Alternative: Boylston Berms

Berm

Meadow

Stone Wall

0 100 200 ft.

Stone Wall

Sledding Hill

“No-Mow” Turf


gtggggg on Harring nnngnnnn LearninereeereeeeeeeeeCente

AAthleticCCenter

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Sketch detail showing the southwestern corner stone wall with planting

Rain GardenM

M

Legend



Rain Garden




Meadow

Plantings

MemorialM

Seating area

AdministratioonBuilding


Child StttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttudududududududududududududududdduddudududududduddudduddudduddyCentererereereeerererererereeereerererrreeereerereere

MaintenanceBuilding

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Pathway networks and planting masses establish a design alternative with a more natural, less formal feel. Diverse native plantings create a tapestry of seasonal interest formed from

meadows, understory trees, shrubs and evergreens.

Increases pedestrian access and circulation by adding more pathways

Protects from northwestern winter winds using vegetative blocks

Provides most plant diversity, meadows, wildlife habitat, and rain gardens

Creates unique and pleasant experiences with entrance pergola and boardwalk

Reduces mowing maintenance

Increases expense due to widespread plantings and multiple paths

Decreases overall legibility of campus through use of many plant communities

Alternative: Tapestry

0 100 200 ft.

Pergola

Administrationnnnnnnnn nBuildingSledding Hill

“No-Mow” Turf

Legend



Rain garden




Meadow

Plantings

Memorial



nHarringtonLearning Center

t SurprenantHall

AAAA ors AhlfolHall

cAthleticrCenter

Child Studuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu y Centerrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr

Boardwalk

Rain Garden

Sketch detail showing the loop drop-off with a pergola and additional plantings. A stone and boulder seating wall gives commuters a place to sit outside while waiting.

M

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0 100 200 ft.

AdAdAAAAdA minin straratit on BuB ildingn

Sledding Hill

“No-Mow” Turf

Fullerrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr SSStSStStSSStSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSttSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSStudent tttttt ttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttCeCeCeCeCeeeeeCeeeeCeeeCeeCeeeeCeCeeeeeeeCeCeCeeCCeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeentn er

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Surprenant Hall

Maintenaaaaaaaaancncncncncnncnnncnnnncncncncncnncncnnnncncncnnnncncnnnnnnnncnnccccnncnnnncccccnccnnnnncccccccncnccccccccccccccccccccccccccce eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeBuBuBBuBuBuuBBuBBuBuuBuBBuBBuBBuBuBBBBBBBBuBBuBBBBBBBuBBuBBBBBBBBBBBuuuuBBuBBBuuuuBBBBuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuili ding

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AthleeticCeCentntter

Preferred Design: Framed Contrasts

Blending a formal look to the south of the entrance drive with a more natural landscape and elements of interest to the north of the drive, this design uses a traditional streetscape as

a frame to unify contrasting styles. Additionally, a universally accessible path going from the northwestern corner of the site to the western drop-off provides a way for all persons to navigate the slope.

Increases pedestrian access and circulation by adding the greatest length (approximately 2200 feet) of pathways

Protects memorials and western drop-off area from northwestern winter winds

Adds native plant diversity, which increases resilience, and rain gardens to decrease stormwater runoff

Creates unique experience with boardwalk and path network through meadow and rain garden

Creates cohesive, legible landscape with repetition of plant groupings

Diminishes potential for increased stormwater infi ltration by keeping the sledding hill as “No Mow” instead of using plants that uptake more water

Increases maintenance and initial installation cost by additional hardscapes (keeping snow and ice off in the winter) and additional vegetation (pruning, watering, etc.)


Boardwalk with overlook

Universally accessible pathway

Plaza view looking northeast towards the grotto from the Administration Building illustrates rain garden surrounded with benches. The Harrington Learning Center is in the background.

Legend Mixed deciduous allee


Meadow

Shrub plantings

MemorialM

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Preferred Design Detail: Western Drop-off

A 300' crushed gravel universally accessible (5% sloped) path meanders down the western slope from the drop-off, passing

through a meadow before crossing the loop road. Large boulders punctuate the landscape along the path and hayscented fern, sweetfern and low-bush blueberry create bands of color for seasonal interest and wildlife habitat. The meadow, shrubs, and other plantings increase stormwater infi ltration and lessen erosion.


Elevation in feet

690

680

670

660

650

640

630

620

610

600

590

The sketch detail to the left shows a littleleaf linden tree allee going north from the plaza and grotto area toward the Fuller Student Center. The pedestrian streetscape is softened, inviting people to stroll down the road.

0 50 100 ft.

White oak allee

Honey locustallee

Plaza

Grotto



Ahlfors Hall

Hemlock grove

A

A'

The cross-section illustrates how the design creates vegetative buffers around vehicle areas. Places to sit and pedestrian pathways create a plaza-like experience.

Key Plan

Western Drop-off

A'A Loop RoadUniversally accessible path through meadowWestern Drop-offAdministration Building

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Preferred Design Detail: Northwestern Slope

The fi nal design for the northwestern slope increases pedestrian circulation through a network of new pathways. The upper

path, east of the rain garden, is 550' in length while the path west of the rain garden is 730', including the boardwalk that connects the two paths. The boardwalk crosses over a large (110’ x 35’) rain garden, and has an overlook and benches for contemplation. Additionally, the rain garden provides an educational opportunity for demonstrating the importance of catching and treating stormwater through infi ltration.

Surprenant Hall supports a wind turbine, photovoltaic panels, and a green roof. These elements serve to create energy, stabilize the building’s internal temperature, decrease stormwater run-off, and create habitat for wildlife. Further research into the building’s ability to support the structures is necessary as well as a more detailed study on the wind speed and direction in this specifi c area.

The row of trees bordering West Boylston Street restores the formal feel to the campus while unifying the streetscape and buffering people on the western slopes from the noise, fumes and traffi c on the busy street. The main entrance stone gates reuse materials from the historic stone gates of QCC.

Not for construction. This drawing is part of a student project and is not based on a legal survey.0 50 100 ft.

690

680

670

660

650

640

630

620

610

600

590

Surprenant Hall

Elevation in feet

A A'Green Roof, PV Panels, Wind

Turbine

Boardwalk over Rain Garden

Loop Road Path West Boylston Street

A

A'

Boardwalk and overlook

Rain garden

Universally accessible

upper pathway

row of red oak, tupelo, sweet

gum, and swamp oak trees

Lower pathway

Universally accessible

upper pathway

White oak allee

Loop road

Surprenant Hall

Main entrance

Winterberry & Rhododendron

Winterberry & Rhododendron

Tornado memorial

Crab-apple

Rhododendron

Winterberry

Red pine grove

Inkberry

Fragrant sumac

Fragrant sumac

Key Plan

Northwestern Slope

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Preferred Design Detail: Sledding Hill

The main goals for designing the southwest edge of the campus are to

soften and unify the landscape through swaths of plantings and groves, buffer the sledding hill from noise, traffi c views, and fumes from the road, and increase pedestrian pathways. Increased plantings and trees also increase stormwater infi ltration. The vegetation also improves the campus experience for the college community, visitors, and local community residents by creating a more park-like feel and provides important wildlife habitat.

Pedestrian paths lead to benches which are tucked into an Eastern red pine grove. The benches create a gathering space for observing wildlife and activities on the sledding hill. Two sinuous routes up the steep western slope decrease the diffi culty of the walk from West Boylston Street to the Administration Building or Amy’s memorial. The slope of the walk is reduced from 22% to 8%.


Stone Wall

50 100 ft.0

Path

Path

Path

Benches

Stone Wall

A

A'


Sledding Hill

Meadow mix

QCC sign

Wes

t Bo

ylst

on S

tree

t

Eastern red pines

Hemlock Grove

Honey locust row

Red oaks

Bayberry and winterberry shrubs

Stone Wall

Row of red oak, tupelo,

sweetgum and swamp oak

Littleleaf linden

Serviceberry

Serviceberry

Crab-apple

640

630

620

610

600

590

580

West Boylston StreetPath

Elevation in feet

PathPath PathBenches

A A'


Amy’s memorial

Stone WallView looking south at the benches hugged by Eastern red pines along the sledding hill

Key Plan

Sledding HillThe sledding hill design creates spaces for people to sit and enjoy activities and the natural surroundings, which are created by increased planting for wildlife habitat and screening.

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Planting Plan

Botanical Name Common Name Type of Plant Height Interesting Features

Panicum virgatum Switchgrass grass 6' can maintain shape in strong winds

Muhlenbergia capillaris Muhly grass grass 1'-3' pink fall color

Eupatorium sp. Joe-pye weed perennial 4'-7' pollinator attractorLiatris spicata Blazing star perennial 4' butterfl y attractorLupine perennis Wild lupine perennial 3' violet blue bloomSorghastrum nutans Indiangrass grass 3'-5' provides wildlife cover

Echinacea purpurea Purple cone-fl ower perennial 6' wildlife attractor

Lobelia cardinalis Cardinalfl ower perennial 5' bright red bloomBaptisia australis Blue wild indigo perennial 4' wildlife attractorSaccharum giganteum

Sugarcane plumegrass grass 3'-8' fi lls in an area well

Chrysopsis mariana Maryland golden aster perennial 1.5'-2' fi lls in an area well, pollina-

tor attractorPhlox caroliniana Carolina phlox perennial 3' can tolerate dry conditionsCoreopsis pubescens Downy coreopsis perennial 2' pollinator attractor

Asclepias tuberosa Butterfl yweed perennial 3' butterfl y larvae host and at-tractor

Schizachyrium scoparium Little bluestem grass 3'-8' screens and fi lls an area well

Conoclinium coelestrinum Mistfl ower perennial 3' pollinator attractor

Vernonia noveboracensis Ironweed perennial 5' pollinator attractor

Meadow Plants

A meadow mix in bloom. Imag

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The planting plan builds on the criteria and principles set forth on sheet 16. Plants were chosen with specifi c attention

to their ability to attract wildlife, fi x nitrogen, bioremediate, screen, shade, add year-round interest, and frame views. Swaths of similar vegetation tie sections of the QCC landscape together and the plant combinations used in the following plans can be replicated throughout campus. These are broad planting suggestions for meadows, understory plantings, and other large areas in the focal area. “No Mow” turf and meadow areas lessen the amount of mowing needed.

The table to the right lists plants that are appropriate for meadow areas noted on the preferred design. Meadow

composition should consist of 60%-80% grasses. Seed mixes are an option, available from nurseries, such as Prairie Nursery in Westfi eld, Wisconsin or Ernst Conservation Seeds in Meadville, Pennsylvania; however, when using these mixes, species distribution is random. Using the plants listed to the right will allow for greater control over distribution as well as colors and heights.

A strip of mown turf frames the meadow edge and keeps a well-maintained look

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Planting Plan Detail: Western Drop-off

Map Key

Botanical Name Common Name

Type of Plant

Height/Spread

Features and blooms Functions

GT Gleditsia triacanthos ‘Shademaster’ Honeylocust tree 70'/50' Fragrant, cream blooms

in late spring

Fast growth rate, tolerates poor quality, compacted soil; fi xes nitrogen

MP Myrica pensylvanica Bayberry shrub 10-12’ Nitrogen-fi xing roots, evergreen

Screening and winter interest, wax on berries can be used to make candles

IV Itea virginica ‘Henry’s Garnet’

Virginia sweet-spire shrub 4'-6'/4'-6' Fragrant tassel fl owers

in springAttracts pollinators and other wildlife

AU Arctostaphylos uva-ursi ‘Massachusetts’ Bearberry groundcover .5' Red fruit, evergreen Winter interest; medicinal uses

VA Vaccinium angustifolium

Lowbush blue-berry shrub 2'/2'-3' Early summer white

bloom; red fall color Food and cover for wildlife

FG Fothergilla gardenii ‘Blue Mist’

Dwarf fother-gilla shrub 2-3'/2-3' April - May fragrant

white bloomDeep textured green foliage, protective cover for wildlife

RA Rhus aromatica ‘Grolow’ Fragrant sumac groundcover 1'-2'/6'-10' April - May yellow

bloom; red fall color Useful in stabilizing soils

NS Nyssa sylvatica Black gum tree 75' Brilliant red fall foliage Shade tree and protective cover for habitat

LSLiquidambar styracifl ua ‘Rotundiloba’

Fruitless sweetgum tree 40' Spring yellow-green

bloom Supports wildlife

QR Quercus rubra Red oak tree 90' Spring green foliage Shade tree and produces acorns for wildlife

QA Quercus alba White oak tree 100' Spring green foliage Shade tree and produces acorns for wildlife

QC Quercus coccinea Scarlet oak tree 80' Spring green foliage Shade tree and produces acorns for wildlife

M Malus spp. ‘Donald Wyman’ Crab-apple tree 15'/15' Early spring bloom,

white Red fruit; salt tolerant

Cp Comptonia peregrina Sweetfern shrub 1'-4' Small catkins, decidu-ous, fern-like

Can be used to make potpourri and tea, edible fruit

DP Dennstaedtia punctilobula

Hayscented fern groundcover 1'-1.5' Light green fronds,

deciduousUseful in covering large areas, soft appearance

TC Tilia cordata Little leaf linden tree 70'/50' Fragrant bloom useful in screening; tolerates

poor soil; attracts pollinators

Pv Panicum virgatum ‘Northwind’ Switchgrass grass,

sedge, rush 6' Sturdy blades, herba-ceous fall orange color

wind resistant, useful in screen-ing

ACAmalanchier canadensis ‘Autumn Brilliance’

Serviceberry tree 40'/20' White bloom fruit and coverage for wildlife; edible fruit

The western drop-off is the heart of the planting guide. Planting patterns seen here are repeated throughout the rest of the focal area, creating a unifi ed appearance.


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AU

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CPDP

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Meadow

Meadow

RA

RA

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TC

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QA

AC

ACIV

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IV

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IV

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BearberryLowbush blueberry Black gumDwarf fothergilla Crab-apple Hayscented Fern

Bayberry SweetfernFragrant sumac Scarlet oak Virginia sweetspire

Honey locust Little leaf linden White pineSwitchgrass Red oak Serviceberry

White oak

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++Administration Building


Hemlock Grove

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Key for vegetation

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Planting Plan Detail: Rain Garden

Map Key

Botanical Name Common Name

Type of Plant Height/Spread Bloom/Foliage Functions

Sn Symphyotrichum novae-angliae

New England aster perennial 3'-6' Late summer pink/purple

bloomnectar source for butterfl ies and insects

Lc Lobelia cardinalis Cardinal fl ower perennial 2'-4' July - October red bloom hummingbird attractor

Iv Iris versicolor Blue fl ag perennial 3'-4' Late summer bloom bee attractor

CL Coreopsis lanceolata Tickseed sunfl ower perennial 1'-2.5 April - June yellow bloom butterfl y attractor

JE Juncus effusus ‘solutus’ Lamp rush grass, sedge,

rush 4' March - September bloomprovides food for birds, facilitates substrate oxidation, phytoremediation, fi lters suspended solids

HN Helianthemum nummularium Sun rose perennial 1'-2' Late spring, early summer

bloom velvet foliage and bold blooms

Chl Chasmanthium latifolium Sea oats grass, sedge,

rush 4' Late summer bloom; broad leaves

hosts butterfl y larvae, food for birds and small mammals

OS Onoclea sensibilis Sensitive fern perennial 2' Spring green fronds deciduous; spreads well and covers

large areas

LL Larix laricina Tamarack larch tree 60' Evergreen conifer, yellow

fall foliage attracts many species of birds

SD Salix discolor Pussy willow shrub 18'/6' Late winter fuzzy bloom uptakes soil contaminants; bioremediation

CS Cornus sericea Red-osier dogwood shrub 8'-12'/9'-10' Late May bloom, red bark butterfl y larvae host and bird attractor

SM Scirpus microcarpus Panicled bulrush

grass, sedge, rush 5' Spikelets bird attractor

SA Symphoricarpos albus Snowberry shrub 18' / 8' White bloom and berries important shelter and food for birds and small mammals

Pc Physocarpus capitatus

Pacifi c ninebark shrub 13' / 13' White bundled blooms provides cover for wildlife

Ac Aquilegia canadensis Red columbine perennial 1'-3' March - July red/yellow

bloomnectar source for butterfl ies and insects

MA Mahonia aquifolium Hollyleaved barberry shrub 8'/6' Late spring yellow bloom deep burgundy winter foliage, attracts

birds, has medicinal use

CQ Camassia quamash Wild hyacinth perennial 1.5'-2' Mid-late spring blue bloom drought tolerant and food for

pollinators

RS Ribes sanguineumRed fl owering currant

shrub 10' /6' May - June pink bloomuseful in restoration plantings, food for numerous birds, small mammals, butterfl ies, and insects

All plant suggestions in the design shown to the left are proposed. Possible layout for rain garden plants. Plant guilds can be repeated on other areas on campus using the following guidelines.

Place taller vegetation in the • center of planting or against a vertical (slope or wall) if applicableUse a variety of sizes• Bloom times and colors should • vary Less wet-tolerant plants • should be on edges

0 25 ft.

Boardwalk

Black gum

Sweet gum

Red oak

Red oak

Swamp oak

Mixed perennials of Sn, CL, HN, & Ac

SD

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SA

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OS

JE RS SA

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Chl CQ

Overlook

White pine

LL


NinebarkRed columbine Red-osier dogwood SnowberrySea oats New England aster

Tickseed sunfl owerBlue fl ag Lamp rush Tamarack larchSensitive fern Panicled bulrush

Pussy willow Sun rose Hollyleaved barberryCardinalfl owerRed fl owering currant Wild hyacinth

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Mixed perennials

of Lc, Iv, Ac, & CL

Mixed perennials

of Lc, Iv, Ac, & CL

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Design Precedents

Stone wall and sign

Stone wall with sign on QCC campus

Allee of trees pedestrian walkway on Jacksonville Univsity campus

Streetscape lined with trees

Use of rocks in planting

Formal rain garden in an urban development

Examples of rain gardens, stone walls, walkways, streetscapes, meadows and use of landscape rock illustrate design

precedents for Quinsigamond Community College. These elements are chosen according to design principles on sheet 16.

Meadow with conifer background

Meadow with mown edge

Meadow showing seasonal bloom

Use of rocks on QCC campus

Rain garden bioswale

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Construction Details

Vegetated buffers between parking areas absorbstormwater and prevent sheeting off parking areas.

Vegetative Swale

Canopy

Parking lotDrainage Shrubs

This sheet provides details for the construction of elements discussed in designs on the previous sheets. Measurements and

other conditions are area specifi c and require further research. Proper installation and construction is important for the reliability of structures and to lessen the amount of maintenance needed over time.

A boardwalk over a rain garden allows for a different perspective and an easily navigable path with which to experience the outdoors.

Boardwalk

36" hand rail on both sides

Construction sketch of a rain garden. See Planting Plan on sheet 26 for suggested rain garden plants.

.5 ft.

1.5 ft.

1 ft.

Rain Garden

Pooling

Detention/Filtration

Retention/Recharge Zone

Gravel Path

Coated metal edging and stakes as per manufacturer’s specs

2" crushed stone

prepared subgrade

6" dense aggregate base, extend 6"

Metal edging & stakes

18"

Boulder Formation

Landscape boulders should be placed with at least one-third of boulder below grade. For areas that freeze and thaw, dig a hole eighteen-inches deep and fi ll with crushed gravel to base level of boulders before placing boulders. Fill around boulders with excavated soil.

Plan view of rock formation. Rocks should be aligned in fi eld.

18"

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Cost Estimate and Phasing

Material Use Benefi ts Drawbacks CostPorous asphalt Paving Increases stormwater

infi ltrationHigher maintenance may be required to keep asphalt unclogged

$10/sq. ft. includes excavation, materials, and labor to install

Traditional asphalt Paving Durable and relatively

easy applicationDamage to soil ecosystem, prevents infi ltration


Concrete Paving Durable, relatively inexpensive

Hard, cold look; cracking and breaking cause uneven surfaces

$4-5/sq. ft. includes excavation, materials, and labor to install

Trap Rock Fines Walkways

Increases stormwater infi ltration and has a softer look

Can become weedy, spread outside of path, and settle, requiring more material

$15-20/sq. ft. includes excavation, materials, and labor to install

Turfstone WalkwaysIncreases stormwater infi ltration and has a softer look

Can settle unevenly and if vegetation grows unsuccessfully, can have an undesired look


Recycled Plastic

Boardwalk, Benches Reuse of materials Temperature change can cause unreliable

structure

Benches approx. $2,000; boardwalk approx. $50/sq. ft. includes excavation, materials, and labor to install

Reclaimed Stone

Benches, Cribbing on

paths

Sustainable, no materials cost Possibly the wrong sizes or shapes for use Varies for labor, installation, and

construction

“No-Mow” Turf Lawn Low maintenance Non-traditional look to college $0.60/sq. ft. includes seed mix

Phase I

Phase II

Phase III

To lessen initial costs, the design can be installed in phases.

Phasing in three stages:

Phase IDue to the heavy pedestrian and vehicle use of the western drop-off and because it is the area visitors fi rst experience when going to the Administration Building, it is important to develop this space fi rst.

Phase IIThe loop road construction has affected this area, leading to increased run-off and erosion. To stabilize the soils and restore vegetation, begin planting as soon as possible. However, since this area does not currently have the pedestrian and vehicular traffi c seen in Phase I, hardscape elements are a lower priority.

Phase IIIThe sledding hill has been least affected by the loop road construction and without the disturbance or heavy traffi c seen in Phase I and Phase II areas, can be developed later. However, since wildlife on campus has been diminished, developing Phase III should happen soon after Phase II in order to provide for and re-establish many valuable species.

In all phases it is important to improve wildlife habitat, increase stormwater infi ltration, and create a unifi ed landscape.Types of materials - (from left to right)

fi rst row: turfstone, porous asphalt, wooden trail second row: recycled plastic walkway, “No Mow” turf last row: stone bench, gravel path lined with fl owers

0 100 200 ft.

Images are taken from Internet sources.

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Preferred Design in Context

The above simulation incorporates the preferred alternative design into an aerial image of QCC and its surroundings.

The preferred design set into the existing landscape emphasizes the Quinsigamond Community College campus’ important role

as a community education center and community open space.

Additionally, the campus is committed to becoming a more sustainable school. Last year, the college signed the Presidents Climate Commitment vowing to be a model for the community and other colleges by helping to neutralize global warming (by lessening emissions) and educating people on sustainable practices. As a result, the college has developed a sustainability plan with the initial goals of 1) energy and water conservation, and 2) recycling and waste reduction. The fi nal landscape design supports this plan by incorporating elements to meet those goals. Rain gardens, increased vegetation, diverse plants, and pervious hardscape allow for increased stormwater infi ltration, wildlife habitat, and soil fertility. Features, such as green roofs, photovoltaic panels, and wind turbines (detailed on preceding sheets) are options which would develop renewable energy sources, lessen the need for heating and cooling the buildings, and model sustainable practices for the community.

Quinsigamond Community College has the advantage of being both an educational center and community open space resource with a landscape that models what it means to be a sustainable campus.

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quinsigamond community college

Documents

campus design

western dropoff area

tapestrypreferred design

western edge of campus

western dropoffplanting

college community

o n d c o

west boylston street