Quick History of Europe1092

Timeline.. (A.D. = Anno Domini [Year of Our Lord])

• 100 AD till… Germanic tribes attackDark Ages: 500 – 1000 AD• 476 AD Rome loses control of Europe• 787 AD Vikings start attackingMiddle Ages: 1000 – 1450 AD• 1096 AD Crusades begin – Christians vs. Muslims in Holy Land• 1215 Magna Carta signed – king has less power• 1347 Plague reaches EuropeRenaissance: 1450-1600s AD (Leonardo da Vinci, etc.)Age of Exploration 1600s – 1800s AD (Christopher Columbus, etc)Age of Empires: mid 1400s – late 1900s AD• 1914- 1918 WWI

– 1917: Russian Revolution• 1939-1944 – WWII• 1945-1991 Cold War

Spread of Christianity in Europe

Spread of Islam in Middle East

& Africa

Roman Empire about 117 AD

100 AD till… Germanic tribes attack

Dark Ages: 500 – 1000 AD

• All non-Christian books were burned. Very few people could read or write.

476 AD Rome loses control of Europe

787 AD Vikings start attacking

Middle Ages: 1000 – 1450 AD

Crusades1095-1291 A.D.

• Series of holy wars begun by the Pope of the Catholic Church to regain the Holy Land from the Muslim Turks.

http://www.history.com/topics/crusades/videos#roots-of-the-crusades

Results of Crusades

• Crusaders did not win back Holy Lands

• BUT…survivors brought back new ideas:– New maps– New foods– New medicines– Desire for MORE

• Led to travel, trade, and Renaissance… and PLAGUE

1215 Magna Carta signed

• Barons did not like King John of England (taxes, religion, lost wars)

• No heir to the throne• Limited the king’s

absolute power

Travel along the Silk Road• Traders traveled from Europe to the East

for silk, spices, and new ideas.

• They battled tribes and hardships.

• The Italians controlled entry into Europe and grew rich.

1347 AD Plague reaches Europe

• Caused by a germ that lives in some kinds of rats.

• Fleas bite the rats and get sick.

• Fleas bite people & people get sick.

• Killed 75 million people.

http://www.history.com/topics/crusades/videos#coroners-report-plague

Spread of the Plague along the Silk Road

• Jews were burned alive during the Plague

Renaissance: 1450-1600s AD

• Plague changed Europe’s social structure and people’s attitudes.– food was cheaper, people inherited land from

dead relatives, and they were open to new ideas

• Began in Italy (ports where goods and ideas entered Europe)

• Spread to rest of Europe – new ideas in art, architecture, science, and religion

Age of Exploration 1600s – 1800s AD

• Causes:– Religion– Natural resources– Market for goods– Prince Henry the Navigator

Age of Empires: mid 1400s – late 1900s AD

• Portugal – earliest empire

• Spain – one of largest empire

• England – largest empire

• France – 2nd largest empire

1914- 1918 WWI

• Called the Great War

• ‘World war’ because empires’ colonies had to fight with them & empires had allies that agreed to back them

• Germany lost

1917: Russian Revolution

• Russians were losing WWI to Germany

• Russians didn’t trust Tsar’s wife

• Russians were hungry

• So… Revolution!– Killed Tsar & family– Quit WWI– Gave Germany land

1939-1944 – WWII

• Caused by harsh treatment of Germany after WWI

• Hitler rose to power in Germany– Promised Germany glory– Planned to kill all Jews

• Was joined by Italy & Japan

• Lost

1945-1991 Cold War• After WWII

• Period of distrust and misunderstanding between Soviet Union and U.S.

• Germany was divided into East (Soviet) and West (free).

• Ended when Berlin Wall was destroyed and Soviet Union dissolved.