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O. Ymb`kfudukb

;.; dktkr hmdkekbl

@uk akgtnr hmskr ykbl jmjodoeo pmblkruf tmrfk`kp `ubok hosbos ykotu pmrtkjk, akgtnr

obtmrbkd jmrupkekb suktu enb`oso ykbl jmbgmrjobekb emk`kb pmruskfkkb otu smb`oro,

emju`okb ykbl em`uk ykotu aketnr mestmrbkd ykbl jmrupkekb suktu enb`oso pmruskfkkb ykbl

`ktkblbyk `kro dukr pmruskfkkb, smpmrto pmruhkfkb tmebndnlo pmjrnsmskb joskdbyk. K`kbyk

pmruhkfkb pk`k akgtnr-aketnr ykbl hmrekotkb `mblkb emhmrdkblsublkb pmruskfkkb jkbkcmjmb

`otubtut ubtue tkbllkp `mblkb pmrhkfkb enb`oso dobleublkb pmruskfkkb tmrsmhut, hkoe ykbl

`ktblbyk `kro obtmrbkd pmruskfkkb jkupub ykbl `ktkblbyk `kro dukr pmruskfkkb. Fkd tmrsmhut

fkrus `odkeuekb coek emhmrdkblsublkb suktu pmruskfkkb tmtkp tmrcklk.

Ymruhkfkb dobleublkb ykbl `ktkblbyk `kro dukr pmruskfkkb ykotu emjkcukb tmebndnlo

ykbl `kro tkfub em tkfub tmrus jmblkdkjo pmboblektkb. Pmbendnlo `kpkt `o`maobosoekb smhklko

smduruf pmblmtkfukb, prn`ue, prnsms, kdkt jmtn`m `kb systmj ykbl `olubkekb `kdkj

pmjhuktkb hkrkbl ktku pmbym`okb cksk. Wmgkrk sm`mrfkbk `kpkt `oektkekb hkf k tmebndnlo

k`kdkf gkrk ykbl `olubkekb ubtue jmdkeuekb smsuktu ktku pmbmrkpkb pmblmtkfukb, suktu

skrkbk ykbl jmhkbtu upkyk jkbusok. !rkbl hokskbyk jmjkfkjo tmebndnlo smhklko pmrkblekt

emrks " Fkr`wkrm) smpmrto jmsob, gnjputmr, ktku kdkt-kdkt mdmetrnbos ykbl dmhof jkcu. #kjub,

smsubllufbyk tmebndnlo jmbgkeup dmhof `kropk`k otu. K`k hmhmrkpk mbtotks tmebndnlo smdkob

pmrkblekt emrks, tmrjksue pmrkblekt dubke `kb emtmrkjpodkb jkbusok " Hrkobwkrm).

"$us kbtn, %&'()

Wkdkf sktu pmruskfkkb `o *b`nbmsok ykbl `kdkj keto+otks uskfbyk to`ke tmrdmpks `kro

hu`kyk tmrsmhut k`kdkf YP Ksurkbso obk @kbk Krtk Phe, jmrupkekb pmruskfkkb ykbl

hmrlmrke `kdkj ho`kbl Ksurkbso emrulokb `mblkb cmbos pmrtkbllublkb, smpmrto $mhkekrkb,

$mb`krkkb mrjntnr, mekyksk, Pkbllubl ulkt, Ymblkbleutkb, Kdkt mrkt, $msmfktkb,

Kbmek `kb dkob-dkob. Ymruskfkk obo `o`oroekb smsuko `mblkb ketm #ntkros $krtobo /udyk`o., W.F

#n.9; tmrtkbllkd '% !etnhmr '8;%. Ymruskfkkb ykbl hmrekbtnr puskt `o Ydk7k K @K, dkbtko

%9 0kdkb 0mb`mrkd Wu`orjkb $k+dobl =8, 0kekrtk Wmdktkb obo jmjodoeo '; ekbtnr gkhkbl `kb '=

ekbtnr pmjkskrkb ykbl hmrdnekso `o hmrhklko puskt hosbos ykbl tmrsmhkr `o *b`nbmsok.

Ymruskfkkb obo jmjodoeo +oso jmbck`o pmruskfkkb ksurkbso ujuj ykbl fkb`kd

hmrdkb`ksekb obtmlrotks ykbl tobllo `kb hmrnrombtkso pk`k empukskb pmdkbllkb. Wm`kblekb

josobyk ykotu " fttp1

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'. /mbck`oekb . YP. Ksurkbso obk @kbk Krtk Phe smhklko pmruskfkkb ksurkbso

ujuj ykbl enjpmtmb `kb jmjodoeo erm`ohodotks tobllo.

%. /mjhmroekb pmdkykbkb ykbl hmreukdotks ubtue jmjmbufo empukskb

pmdkbllkb.

(. /mblmjhkblekb sujhmr kyk jkbusok ykbl prnamssonbkd kb hmreukdotks.

6. /mblutkjkekb eobmrck emukblkb pmruskfkkb ykbl smfkt `kb smbkbtoksk

jmblfksodekb emubtublkb ykbl nptojkd

Yk`k mrk ldnhkdoskso, prn`ue ktku cksk ykbl hmrskobl `kdkj pkskr smjkeob hkbyke `kb

hmrklkj keohkt emtmrhuekkb pkskr tmck`odkf pmrskoblkb kbtkr prn`usmb ubtue `kpkt jmjmbufo

emhutufkb enbsujmb `kb jmjhmroekb empukskb empk`k pmdkbllkb smgkrk jkesojkd.

Ymruskfkkb ykbl oblob hmremjhkbl `kb oblob jmb`kpktekb emublludkb hmrskobl fkrus `kpkt

jmbym`okekb prn`ue ktku cksk hmreukdotks, fkrlk ykbl jurkf `ohkb`oblekb pmskobl, ketu

pmbymrkfkb dmhof gmpkt `kb pmdkykbkb ykbl dmhof hkoe `ohkb`oblekb pmskoblbyk. "Wmdbms,

'88().

?btue `kpkt jmgoptkekb prn`ue ykbl smsuko hmr`kskrekb pmb`kpkt Wmdbms "'88(), skdkf

sktu akgtnr ykbl `kpkt jmb`ueubl ubtue pmbgkpkokb tmrsmhut jkek pmruskfkkb fkrus

jmjpmrhkoeo tmebndnlo ykbl `olubkekb `kdkj pmruskfkkb tmrsmhut. /mbloblkt toblekt pmrskoblkb ykbl tmrck`o smjkeob emtkt, jkek smduruf pmdkeu uskfk fkrus jmjnhodoskso smduruf

pntmbso ykbl `ojodoeo, smfobllk tmr`kpkt sujhmr `kyk ubtue jmjhkblub emeuktkb hmrskobl.

Ynrtmr "'8;&) jmbyktkekb k`k dojk sujhmr emeuktkb pmrskoblkb ykbl fkrus `okbtosopkso `kb

`opkfkjo pmruskfkkb klkr `kpkt jmbyusub strktmlo hmrskobl smfobllk jkjpu jmjmbkblekb

pmrskoblkb. $mdojk emeuktkb pmrskoblkb tmrsmhut k`kdkf kbgkjkb ykbl `ktkblbyk `kro

suppdomr, kbgkjkb pmb`ktkbl hkru, kbgkjkb `kro enbsujmb, kbgkjkb `kro pmruskfkkb ykbl

jmblfksodekb prn`ue suhstotuso, `kb kbgkjkb `kro pmruskfkkb smcmbos.

Wkdkf sktu gkrk ubtue jmjpmrtkfkbekb pkskr k`kdkf `mblkb jmdkeuekb pmb`mektkb

fuhublkb `mblkb pmdkblkb "/ogfkmd Prmkgy3 '8853 p. 85). Yk`k pmruskfkkb cksk ksurkbso,

skdkf sktu upkyk ykbl `kpkt `odkeuekb k`kdkf `mblkb jmdkeuekb pmrhkoekb pmremjhkblkb

tmebndnlo obanrjkso `kb enjuboekso "P*$), ekrmbk fkd tmrsmhut jmjodoeo pmblkruf tmrfk`kp

`ubok ksurkbso efususbyk `kdkj prnsms pmdkykbkb. /mburut nsmbhmrl "%&&'), `mblkb

hmremjhkblbyk pmbllubkkb P*$ k`k dojk pmrlmsmrkb `kdkj prnsms pmdkykbkb ykotu1 "') `kro

pmdktofkb em pmbkjpodkb, "%) `kro rukbl pmdkykbkb em `o jkbk `kb ekpkb skck, "() `kro emrtks

em 4nb dobm: ktku skdurkb, "6) aksodotks aosoe em aksodotks ckroblkb emrck, "=) `kro ketu soedus em

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ketu byktk. mr`kskrekb pmbcmdkskb `o ktks, pmbudos oblob jmblmtkfuo smhmrkpk hmskr

rmdm+kbso pmbllubkkb tmebndnlo tmrfk`kp pmruskfkkb cksk ksurkbso `o YP. obk @kbk Krtfk

Phe

OO. Ymjhkfkskb

8.; Xmdmvkbso Ymbllubkkb Pmebndnlo tmrfk`kp Ymruskfkkb Cksk Ksurkbso

Ymremjhkblkb mrk tmebndnlo obanrjkso skkt obo, `otkb`ko `mblkb hmremjhkblbyk tmebndnlo

enjputmr smrtk ckroblkb obtmrbmt ykbl jmbymhkhekb fkjpor smhklokb hmskr hosbos ykbl

`odkeuekb smfkro-fkro jmjkbakktekb em`uk fkd tmrsmhut. *btmrbmt jmrupkekb ckroblkb tmrhuek

"npmb bmt nre) ykbl jmjubleobekb pofke dkob hkoe ykbl hmrempmbtoblkb jkupub to`ke hmrempmbtoblkb oeut hmrpkrtosopkso `o `kdkjbyk. $krmbk k`kbyk obtmrbmt obo,keto+otks hosbos

skkt obo jkjpu tmrenbmeso `kro hmrhklko pmbcuru `ubok smgkrk dkblsubl `kb jmjubleobekb

`odkeuekbbyk trkbskeso smgkrk rmkd tojm.

@mblkb emjkcukb tmebndnlo pk`k skkt obo ykbl `o`ueubl ndmf ckroblkb obtmrbmt `kb sktmdot,

tucukb `kro pmbmrkpkb prnsms hosbos pk`k pmruskfkkb YP. Ksurkbso obk @kbk Krtfk Phe ykotu

ubtue endkhnrkso " gnddkhnrktovm wnre ), trkgeobl ckj emrck `kb ketu prn`ueso, jmb`ueubl

jkbkcmjmb sujhmr `kyk jkbusok, ntnjkso pmjhkykrkb pmrckdkbkb ekryk kb, `kb ubtue pmbmrkpkbm-dmkrbobl "joskdbyk ubtue tutnrokd ktku pmdktofkb ekryk kb hmrhksos obtmrbmt ykbl

jmjubleobekb pmjhmdkckrkb ckrke ckuf), jmbloblkt pmruskfkkb obo jmjodoeo '; ekbtnr

gkhkbl `kb '= ekbtnr pmjkskrkb ykbl hmrdnekso `o hmrhklko puskt hosbos ykbl tmrsmhkr `o

*b`nbmsok.

/mburut 2odosgfeos "%&&() hkf k cmbos Pmebndnlo *banrjkso $njputmr ykbl hosk

`otmrkpekb `o pmruskfkkb ksurkbso ykotu kesms obtmrbmt, enjputmr, wnrd` wo`m wmh ">>>),

m-jkod , Dngkd Krmk Bmtwnre , Obtrkbmt , \o`m Krmk Bmtwnre ">K#), mxtrkbmt , `kb Mdmgtrnbog @ktk Obtmrgfkblm "I@*). @kdkj pmbmrkpkb M-Gnjjmrgm pk`k pmruskfkkb ksurkso jkek

`mblkb pmbmrkpkb tmrsmhut hokskbyk pmruskfkkb kekb dmhof jmjaneusekb `oro pk`k prnsms

pmdkykbkb hklo pmdkbllkbbyk. Wkdkf sktu upkyk ykbl tmdkf `odkeuekb YP. Ksurkbso obk @kbk

Krtfk Phe `kdkj pmbllubkkb M-Gnjjmrgm ykotu `kdkj prnsms pmblfotublkb pmjhkykrkb

prmjo. mroeut jmrupkekb hmbtue gnbtnf kpdoekso ykbl `olubkekb YP. Ksurkbso obk @kbk

Krtfk Phe, ykbl `oskcoekb `kdkj kjhkr '.

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kjhkr 'Wojudkso Ymrfotublkb Yrmjo

Wujhmr 1 " fttp1

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Kbkdosk obo `oksujsoekb emtoek pmruskfkkb dkob hmduj jmbmrkpekb kpdoekso tmrsmhut, `kb

YP. Ksurkbso obk @kbk Krtfk Phe tmrdmhof `kfudu tmdkf jmbmrkpekbbbyk, smfobllk

pmruskfkkb tmrsmhut jmjodoeo emublludkb ykbl dmhof gmpkt `kdkj pmdkykbkbbyk `ohkb`obl

pmskobl-pmskoblbyk.

#kjub emtoek pmruskfkkb dkob culk tmdkf jmbmrkpekb kpdoekso ykbl skjk, jkek YP.

Ksurkbso obk @kbk Krtfk Phe pk`k pmbmrkpkb kpdoekso tmrsmhut fkrus `kpkt jmbgoptkekb

prn`ue ktku cksk ykbl gfmk mr! hmttmr! `kb "k#tmr `ohkb`oblekb `mblkb pkrk pmskobl smcmbos.

Wmfobllk `kjpkebyk, enb`oso tmrsmhut `kpkt jmjhk k pmruskfkkb jmbck`o pmruskfkkb ykbljmjodoeo enjpmtmbso ykbl eukt `kdkj hmrskobl. mroeut pk`k kjhkr ( jmrupkekb odustrkso

prnsms tmebndnlo ykbl smfkrusbyk `otmrkpekb pk`k YP. Ksurkbso obk @kbk Krtfk Phe.

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Ymruskfkkb pk`k `kskrbyk jmjodoeo aublso ubtue jmruhkf hkfkb jmbtkf ktku hkfkb

hkeu jmbck`o suktu prn`ue ktku cksk ykbl `kpkt `ocukd empk`k pofke gustnjmrs `mblkb gkrk

jmjprnsms sujhmr `kyk ykbl `ojodeo ubtue jmblfksodekb smhukf prn`ue ktku cksk. $mtoek

pmruskfkkb tmdkf jkjpu jmjhmroekb pmdkykbkb ykbl smsuko `mblkb emoblobkb enbsujmb.

#kjub Wtrktmlo `opmrduekb to`ke fkbyk ubtue jmblfksodekb prn`ue ykbl smsuko `mblkb

emoblobkb pmdkbllkb `kb spmsoaoekso stkb`kr pmruskfkkb, bkjub ekrmbk k`kbyk aketnr dkob,

ykotu k`kbyk pmskobl.

#kjub pk`k pmruskfkkb pmskobl fkd tmrsmhut culk tmdkf `odkeuekb, jkek fkd tmrsmhut

kekb jmbck`o kbgkjkb hklo pmruskfkkb. Wmfobllk `kdkj pmbmrkpkb prnsms tmebndnlo pk`k

pmruskfkkb emsmsukob tmrfk`kp kpk ykbl `ooblobekb pmdkbllkb to`kedkf gueup, bkjub fkrus

`ohkrmblo `mblkb emeuktkb sujhmr `kyk ykbl jmjk`ko, smfobllk `kdkj pmbmrkpkb tmrsmhut

YP. Ksurkbso obk @kbk Krtfk Phe `kpkt jmbgoptkekb prn`ue ktku cksk ykbl gfmk mr! hmttmr!

`kb "k#tmr `ohkb`oblekb `mblkb pkrk pmskobl smcmbos. $mju`okb `kjpkebyk, enb`oso tmrsmhut

`kpkt jmjhk k pmruskfkkb jmbck`o pmruskfkkb ykbl jmjodoeo enjpmtmbso ykbl eukt `kdkj

hmrskobl.

Wmdkob otu, jmdkduo prn`ue ktku cksk ykblgfmk mr! hmttmr! `kb "k#tmr `ohkb`oblekb `mblkb

pkrk pmskobl ykbl `otmrkpekb pk`k pmdkykbkb jmdkduo M-Gnjjmrgm kekbjmbymhkhekb prn`ue `kb cksk ksurkbso jmbck`o dmhof tmrjm`okso smfobllk ekb jmjhmroekb

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ojpdoekso pmbtobl ubtue pmrkbgkblkb prn`ue ksurkbso ykbl jmjhmroekb enbsujmb dmhof

hkbyke admesohodotks `kdkj jmblmdndk rmsoen jmrmek, `kb `kjpkebyk pk`k ckblek pkbckbl

prnsms obo kekb jmjpmblkrufo pmbcudkb pmruskfkkb tmrfk`kp prn`ue ykbl `ojodeo.

OOO. Ymbutup

7.; Emsojpudkb

pk`k prnsms pmbmrkpkb tmebndnlo, emsmsukob prn`ue ykbl `ogoptkekb fkrus smsuko

`mblkb kpk ykbl `ofkrkpekb enbsujmb bkjub smdkob otu hokyk jmrupkekb skdkf sktu akgtnr

ykbl fkrus `opmrtojhkblekb `kdkj prnsms pmbgoptkkb prn`ue tmrsmhut. Fkd otu ekrmbk klkr

prn`ue ykbl `ofksodekb to`ke fkbyk smsuko `mblkb emoblob pmdkbllkb, bkjub `mblkb

pmrtojhkblkb hokyk pmruskfkkb `kpkt jmjubleobekb ubtue jmbgoptkekb prn`ue ykbl

gfmk mr! hmttmr! `kb "k#tmrsmfobllk pmruskfkkb dmhof jmjodoeo emeuktkb hmrskobl hkoe `o

ho`kbl pmdkykbkb jkpub fkrlk ykbl `ohmroekb.

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Xmamrmbso

@ckufkro, kfjkbsykf kbukr. %&'&. 4Wtrktmlo /mboblektekb $obmrck Ymbcukdkb Ksurkbso0o k "Wtu`o `o K0 ujoputmrk '8'% $kbtnr Hkhkbl Wmjkrkbl):. $rm#tk#o %nd& ' Bn&(

*Ghkd, /ufkojob. '889. 4Kpdoekso tmebndnlo *banrjkso `kdkj Ymboblektkb eobmrck!pmrksonbkd `kb Hustnjmr Wmr+ogm `o *b`ustro Ksurkbso.: *rbkd KK+KO

fttp1

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!"#"XK$ %&'O#"'' "#(OX)#*"#P

+ @MJNLXKYFOGKD MBQOXNBJMBP ,

Xmdmvkbso Ymbllubkkb Pmebndnlo tmrfk`kp Ymruskfkkb Cksk Ksurkbso

`o YP. Ksurkbso %obk -kbk Krtfk Phe

-nsmb Ymblkjpu

Ekpto Xkfk u Eus/kbtn9 -r.9 Yrna.

-osusub )dmf

#kjk 1 ok /krloboblsof

$mdks 1 5%K

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