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Primary Census Abstract for

Slum

Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, IndiaNew Delhi, 30-09-2013

Slum - an urban phenomena INDIA

Source: Primary Census Abstract for Slum, 2011Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

Under Section-3 of the Slum Area Improvement and Clearance Act,1956, slums have been defined as mainly those residential areaswhere dwellings are in any respect unfit for human habitation byreasons of dilapidation, overcrowding, faulty arrangements anddesigns of such buildings, narrowness or faulty arrangement ofstreets, lack of ventilation, light, sanitation facilities or anycombination of these factors which are detrimental to safety,health and morals.

As per UN Habitat a slum is characterized by lack of durablehousing, insufficient living area, lack of access to clean water,inadequate sanitation and insecure tenure.

The slum population in India has increased during 2001-11.

Probable reasons for upcoming slums INDIA

Urbanization

Industrialization

Higher productivity in the secondary/tertiary sector againstprimary sector makes cities and towns centres of economic growthand jobs

Cities act as beacons for the rural population as they represent ahigher standard of living and offer opportunities to people notavailable in rural areas. This results in large scale migration fromrural to urban areas.

Negative consequences of urban pull results in upcoming of slumscharacterized by housing shortage and critical inadequacies inpublic utilities, overcrowding, unhygienic conditions, etc.

Slum - Census of India INDIA

Census 2001 For the first time in Census 2001, slum areas were earmarked

across the country, particularly, in cities and towns havingpopulation of 50,000 or above in 1991 Census.

Subsequently, the slum data was culled out also for towns with20,000 to 49,999 population in 2001 and statutory towns havingpopulation less than 50,000 in 1991 but reported more than50,000 population in 2001 and were not considered for carvingslum EBs earlier.

Census 2011 Slums have been earmarked in all the statutory towns irrespective

of their population size based on the same definition as in 2001.

Three types of slums have been defined in Census, namely,Notified, Recognized and Identified.


Definition and types of slums – Census 2011 INDIA

(i) All notified areas in a town or city notified as ‘Slum’ by State,Union territories Administration or Local Government under any Actincluding a ‘Slum Act’ may be considered as Notified slums

(ii) All areas recognised as ‘Slum’ by State, Union territoriesAdministration or Local Government, Housing and Slum Boards, whichmay have not been formally notified as slum under any act may beconsidered as Recognized slums

(iii) A compact area of at least 300 population or about 60-70households of poorly built congested tenements, in unhygienicenvironment usually with inadequate infrastructure and lacking inproper sanitary and drinking water facilities. Such areas should beidentified personally by the Charge Officer and also inspected by anofficer nominated by Directorate of Census Operations. This fact mustbe duly recorded in the charge register. Such areas may be consideredas Identified slums


States/Union territories not reporting Slums INDIA

Census 20011. Himachal Pradesh2. Sikkim3. Arunachal Pradesh4. Nagaland5. Mizoram6. Manipur7. Daman & Diu8. Dadra & Nagar Haveli9. Lakshadweep


Census 20111. Manipur2. Daman & Diu3. Dadra & Nagar Haveli4. Lakshadweep

Number of Towns having slums INDIA

Census 2001Total Number of Towns reported slums– 1743

1st phase – 640 towns2nd phase – 1103 towns

Census 2011Total Number of Towns reported slums– 2613


Name of State/Union territoryt#

Towns Type wise Slum Population

Statutory towns

Slum reported

towns

Total population

Notified slums

Recognised slums

Identified slums

INDIA 4041 2,613 6,54,94,604 2,25,35,133 2,01,31,336 2,28,28,135

Jammu & Kashmir 86 40 6,62,062 1,62,909 1,36,649 3,62,504Himachal Pradesh 56 22 61,312 60,201 0 1,111

Punjab 143 73 14,60,518 7,87,696 1,93,305 4,79,517Chandigarh 1 1 95,135 95,135 0 0Uttarakhand 74 31 4,87,741 1,85,832 52,278 2,49,631Haryana 80 75 16,62,305 14,912 0 16,47,393Delhi 3 22 17,85,390 7,38,915 0 10,46,475

Rajasthan 185 107 20,68,000 0 0 20,68,000Uttar Pradesh 648 293 62,39,965 5,62,548 46,78,326 9,99,091

Bihar 139 88 12,37,682 0 0 12,37,682Sikkim 8 7 31,378 31,378 0 0Arunachal Pradesh 26 5 15,562 0 0 15,562Nagaland 19 11 82,324 0 48,249 34,075Manipur 28 0 0 0 0 0Mizoram 23 1 78,561 0 78,561 0

Tripura 16 15 1,39,780 0 1,24,036 15,744Meghalaya 10 6 57,418 34,699 8,006 14,713

Number of Statutory and slum reported towns with type wise slum population

Name of State/Union territoryt#

Towns Type wise Slum Population

Statutory towns

Slum reported

towns

Total population

Notified slums

Recognised slums

Identified slums

Assam 88 31 1,97,266 9,163 70,979 1,17,124

West Bengal 129 122 64,18,594 48,918 37,03,852 26,65,824

Jharkhand 40 31 3,72,999 64,399 59,432 2,49,168Odisha 107 76 15,60,303 0 8,12,737 7,47,566

Chhattisgarh 168 94 18,98,931 7,13,654 7,64,851 4,20,426Madhya Pradesh 364 303 56,88,993 19,00,942 25,30,637 12,57,414

Gujarat 195 103 16,80,095 0 0 16,80,095Daman & Diu 2 0 0 0 0 0

Dadra & Nagar Haveli 1 0 0 0 0 0

Maharashtra 256 189 1,18,48,423 37,09,309 34,85,783 46,53,331Andhra Pradesh 125 125 1,01,86,934 83,38,154 8,77,172 9,71,608

Karnataka 220 206 32,91,434 22,71,990 4,45,899 5,73,545Goa 14 3 26,247 6,107 0 20,140

Lakshadweep 0 0 0 0 0 0Kerala 59 19 2,02,048 1,86,835 8,215 6,998Tamil Nadu 721 507 57,98,459 25,41,345 19,78,441 12,78,673Puducherry 6 6 1,44,573 70,092 73,928 553Andaman & Nicobar Is. 1 1 14,172 0 0 14,172

Number of Statutory and slum reported towns with type wise slum population

INDIASlum Data Highlights . . .

1. Households

2. Population, sex ratio and growth rate

3. Child population and child sex ratio

4. Scheduled Caste population

5. Scheduled Tribe population

6. Literates and literacy rates

7. Workers and work participation rate

8. Main and marginal workers

9. Marginal workers classified by period of work

10.Cultivators

11.Agricultural labourers

12.Household Industry (HHI) workers

13.Other workers


Households INDIA

Indicator Absolute Absolute change2001-11

Decadal Growth2001-112001 2011

Slum

Households 1,01,50,719 1,39,20,191 37,69,472 37.1

Household Size 5.2 4.7 -0.5

Urban (slum reported towns)

Households 4,35,56,155 6,27,92,741 1,92,36,586 44.2


Urban (all towns)

Households 5,58,32,570 8,08,88,766 2,50,56,196 44.9



Slum and Urban population (slum reported towns) INDIA



Decadal Growth2001-11

Slum Percentage

2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 5,23,71,589 6,54,94,604 1,31,23,015 25.1 23.5 22.4

Males 2,77,59,224 3,39,68,203 62,08,979 22.4 23.6 22.4

Females 2,46,12,365 3,15,26,401 69,14,036 28.1 23.3 22.5

Sex ratio 887 928 41Urban (slum reported towns)

Persons 22,31,11,858 29,18,38,124 6,87,26,266 30.8 100.0 100.0

Males 11,76,10,448 15,16,66,671 3,40,56,223 29.0 100.0 100.0

Females 10,55,01,410 14,01,71,453 3,46,70,043 32.9 100.0 100.0

Sex ratio 897 924 27

Slum and Urban population (all towns) INDIA




Slum Percentage

2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 5,23,71,589 6,54,94,604 1,31,23,015 25.1 18.3 17.4

Males 2,77,59,224 3,39,68,203 62,08,979 22.4 18.4 17.4

Females 2,46,12,365 3,15,26,401 69,14,036 28.1 18.2 17.4


Urban (all towns)

Persons 28,61,19,689 37,71,06,125 9,09,86,436 31.8 100.0 100.0

Males 15,05,54,098 19,54,89,200 4,49,35,102 29.8 100.0 100.0

Females 13,55,65,591 18,16,16,925 4,60,51,334 34.0 100.0 100.0


Maharashtra, 22.9

Andhra Pradesh, 12.0

Uttar Pradesh, 11.0

West Bengal, 8.9

Tamil Nadu, 8.1

Madhya Pradesh, 7.2 Karnataka, 4.5

NCT of Delhi #, 3.9

Gujarat, 3.8

Haryana, 3.2

Rajasthan, 3.0

Punjab, 2.8

Odisha, 2.1

Chhattisgarh, 2.1

Bihar, 1.6

Other State/UTs, 3.1

2001

Maharashtra, 18.1

Andhra Pradesh, 15.6

West Bengal, 9.8

Uttar Pradesh, 9.5

Tamil Nadu, 8.9

Madhya Pradesh, 8.7

Karnataka, 5.0

Rajasthan, 3.2

Chhattisgarh, 2.9

NCT of Delhi #, 2.7

Gujarat, 2.6

Haryana, 2.5

Odisha, 2.4

Punjab, 2.2

Bihar, 1.9

Other State/UTs, 3.8

2011

Other States/UTs includes :1. Reoprted slum less than 1.%Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Chandigarh #, Meghalaya, Assam,Assam,Puducherry #,Tripura and Kerala2. State/UTs not reported slum

Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Daman & Diu #,D & N Haveli #, Lakshadweep #andA & N Islands #

Other States/UTs 1. Reoprted slum less than 1.%Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Assam, Kerala, Tripura, Tripura, Puducherry #,Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh # , Nagaland, Mizoram, Nagaland, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa and A & N Islands #2. State/UTs not reported slumManipur, Daman & Diu #, D & N Haveli # and Lakshadweep #

STATE SHARE OF SLUM POPULATION TO TOTAL SLUM POPULATION OF INDIA


Percentage of slum population INDIA


Households and PopulationINDIA

State/Union territory #

Absolute number


Absolute number

Top 5 Bottom 5

Households

Maharashtra 24,99,948 A & N Islands # 3,324

Andhra Pradesh 24,31,474 Arunachal Pradesh 3,479

Tamil Nadu 14,63,689 Goa 5,497

West Bengal 13,91,756 Sikkim 7,203

Madhya Pradesh 11,17,764 Meghalaya 10,518

Population

Maharashtra 1,18,48,423 A & N Islands # 14,172

Andhra Pradesh 1,01,86,934 Arunachal Pradesh 15,562

West Bengal 64,18,594 Goa 26,247

Uttar Pradesh 62,39,965 Sikkim 31,378

Tamil Nadu 57,98,459 Meghalaya 57,418


Child Population(0-6 years) INDIA



Childproportion

2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 75,76,856 80,82,743 5,05,887 6.7 14.5 12.3

Males 39,44,105 42,04,451 2,60,346 6.6 14.2 12.4

Females 36,32,751 38,78,292 2,45,541 6.8 14.8 12.3


Persons 2,86,67,504 3,28,16,316 41,48,812 14.5 12.8 11.2

Males 1,50,51,769 1,72,50,108 21,98,339 14.6 12.8 11.4

Females 1,36,15,735 1,55,66,208 19,50,473 14.3 12.9 11.1

Sex ratio 905 902 -3Urban (all towns)

Persons 3,73,49,117 4,31,92,388 58,43,271 15.6 13.1 11.5

Males 1,95,91,555 2,26,67,805 30,76,250 15.7 13.0 11.6

Females 1,77,57,562 2,05,24,583 27,67,021 15.6 13.1 11.3

Sex ratio 906 905 -1


Proportion of child population in slums INDIA


Sex Ratio and Child Sex Ratio - SlumINDIA


Ratio State/Union territory #

Ratio

Top 5 Bottom 5

Sex Ratio

Kerala 1,074 Chandigarh # 784

Puducherry # 1,051 NCT of Delhi # 832

Mizoram 1,022 Gujarat 841

Tamil Nadu 1,008 Haryana 872

Meghalaya 998 Maharashtra 872

Child Sex Ratio

Arunachal Pradesh 1,020 Haryana 850

A & N Islands # 1,015 Jammu & Kashmir 860

Nagaland 996 Punjab 860

Sikkim 992 Himachal Pradesh 863

Meghalaya 980 Uttarakhand 884


Sex Ratio(Females per 1000 males) in slums INDIA


Sex Ratio

Child Sex Ratio(Females per 1000 males) in slums INDIA


Child Sex Ratio

Scheduled Caste Population INDIA




Percentage to total population

2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 96,73,817 1,33,54,080 36,80,263 38.0 18.5 20.4

Males 50,16,648 68,18,544 18,01,896 35.9 18.1 20.1

Females 46,57,169 65,35,536 18,78,367 40.3 18.9 20.7


Persons 2,54,51,556 3,60,19,357 1,05,67,801 41.5 11.4 12.3

Males 1,32,47,942 1,85,15,976 52,68,034 39.8 11.3 12.2

Females 1,22,03,614 1,75,03,381 52,99,767 43.4 11.6 12.5

Sex ratio 921 945 24Urban (all towns)

Persons 3,36,24,822 4,75,27,524 1,39,02,702 41.3 11.8 12.6

Males 1,74,85,418 2,44,17,027 69,31,609 39.6 11.6 12.5

Females 1,61,39,404 2,31,10,497 69,71,093 43.2 11.9 12.7


Percentage of Scheduled Castes(SC) in slums INDIA


Percentage of SC

Scheduled Tribe Population INDIA




Percentage to total population

2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 14,60,290 22,16,533 7,56,243 51.8 2.8 3.4

Males 7,46,008 11,16,519 3,70,511 49.7 2.7 3.3

Females 7,14,282 11,00,014 3,85,732 54.0 2.9 3.5


Persons 42,36,763 72,31,755 29,94,992 70.7 1.9 2.5

Males 21,90,074 36,66,789 14,76,715 67.4 1.9 2.4

Females 20,46,689 35,64,966 15,18,277 74.2 1.9 2.5

Sex ratio 935 972 37Urban (all towns)

Persons 69,87,643 1,04,61,872 34,74,229 49.7 2.4 2.8

Males 35,95,179 52,83,482 16,88,303 47.0 2.4 2.7

Females 33,92,464 51,78,390 17,85,926 52.6 2.5 2.9


Percentage of Scheduled Tribes(ST) in slums INDIA


Percentage of ST

Percentage of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes-Slum INDIA


Percentage State/Union territory #

Percentage

Top 5 Bottom 5

Scheduled Castes

Punjab 39.8 Mizoram 0.1

Tamil Nadu 32.0 Jammu & Kashmir 1.7

Chandigarh # 30.7 Goa 2.5

Haryana 29.9 Meghalaya 2.8

Tripura 28.8 Sikkim 5.3

Scheduled Tribes

Mizoram 93.6 Kerala 0.2

Nagaland 78.0 Uttar Pradesh 0.3

Meghalaya 71.0 A & N Islands # 0.3

Arunachal Pradesh 29.8 Goa 0.4

Sikkim 27.9 Tamil Nadu 0.5


Literates & Literacy Rate INDIA




Literacy Rate

2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 3,23,38,329 4,46,22,103 1,22,83,774 38.0 72.2 77.7

Males 1,90,83,083 2,49,24,351 58,41,268 30.6 80.1 83.7

Females 1,32,55,246 1,96,97,752 64,42,506 48.6 63.2 71.2Urban (slum reported towns)

Persons 15,64,99,278 21,89,09,887 6,24,10,609 39.9 80.5 84.5

Males 8,87,50,515 11,96,23,837 3,08,73,322 34.8 86.5 89.0

Females 6,77,48,763 9,92,86,050 3,15,37,287 46.6 73.7 79.7Urban (all towns)

Persons 19,88,16,980 28,08,44,977 8,20,27,997 41.3 79.9 84.1

Males 11,29,82,075 15,34,02,248 4,04,20,173 35.8 86.3 88.8

Females 8,58,34,905 12,74,42,729 4,16,07,824 48.5 72.9 79.1

Literacy rate in slums INDIA


Literacy rate

Workers & Work Participation Rate INDIA




Work participation

rate2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 1,73,10,568 2,38,39,259 65,28,691 37.7 33.1 36.4

Males 1,41,72,030 1,84,53,228 42,81,198 30.2 51.1 54.3

Females 31,38,538 53,86,031 22,47,493 71.6 12.8 17.1Urban (slum reported towns)

Persons 7,15,65,430 10,35,90,630 3,20,25,200 32.1 35.5 46.6

Males 5,96,62,525 8,20,68,288 2,24,05,763 50.7 54.1 65.8

Females 1,19,02,905 2,15,22,342 96,19,437 11.3 15.4 27.7Urban (all towns)

Persons 9,22,78,654 13,31,45,776 4,08,67,122 44.3 32.3 35.3

Males 7,61,75,323 10,51,02,862 2,89,27,539 38.0 50.6 53.8

Females 1,61,03,331 2,80,42,914 1,19,39,583 74.1 11.9 15.4

Literacy Rate and Work Participation Rate-Slum INDIA


Rate State/Union territory #

Rate

Top 5 Bottom 5

Literacy Rate

Mizoram 98.1 Chandigarh # 66.4

Kerala 93.1 Jammu & Kashmir 68.0

Tripura 90.7 Bihar 68.2

Meghalaya 89.0 Uttar Pradesh 69.0

Nagaland 88.8 Arunachal Pradesh 69.4

Work Participation Rate

Sikkim 41.0 Bihar 29.0

Tamil Nadu 40.9 Jammu & Kashmir 30.7

Karnataka 40.4 Uttar Pradesh 31.0

Mizoram 40.0 Haryana 31.7

Goa 39.7 Jharkhand 31.8


Work Participation Rate (WPR) in slums INDIA


WPR

Main Workers INDIA




Percentage to total workers

2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 1,54,50,542 2,06,14,260 51,63,718 33.4 89.3 86.5

Males 1,30,09,071 1,65,00,992 34,91,921 26.8 91.8 89.4


Persons 6,57,22,098 9,17,52,437 2,60,30,339 39.6 91.8 88.6

Males 5,59,81,833 7,48,10,476 1,88,28,643 33.6 93.8 91.2

Females 97,40,265 1,69,41,961 72,01,696 73.9 81.8 78.7Urban (all towns)

Persons 8,38,18,431 11,66,97,150 3,28,78,719 39.2 90.8 87.6

Males 7,10,46,562 9,51,14,646 2,40,68,084 33.9 93.3 90.5

Females 1,27,71,869 2,15,82,504 88,10,635 69.0 79.3 77.0

Marginal Workers INDIA





2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 18,60,026 32,24,999 13,64,973 73.4 10.7 13.5

Males 11,62,959 19,52,236 7,89,277 67.9 8.2 10.6


Persons 84,60,223 1,64,48,626 79,88,403 94.4 9.2 12.4

Males 51,28,761 99,88,216 48,59,455 94.7 6.7 9.5

Females 33,31,462 64,60,410 31,28,948 93.9 20.7 23.0Urban (all towns)

Persons 84,60,223 1,64,48,626 79,88,403 94.4 9.2 12.4

Males 51,28,761 99,88,216 48,59,455 94.7 6.7 9.5

Females 33,31,462 64,60,410 31,28,948 93.9 20.7 23.0

Percentage of Main and Marginal workers-Slum INDIA


Percentage State/Union territory #

Percentage

Top 5 Bottom 5

Main Workers

NCT of Delhi # 93.2 Jammu & Kashmir 72.9

Chandigarh # 91.8 Bihar 76.9

Gujarat 91.8 Uttar Pradesh 77.4

Maharashtra 91.6 Jharkhand 81.5

A & N Islands # 91.0 Mizoram 82.5

Marginal Workers

Jammu & Kashmir 27.1 NCT of Delhi # 6.8

Bihar 23.1 Chandigarh # 8.2

Uttar Pradesh 22.6 Gujarat 8.2

Jharkhand 18.5 Maharashtra 8.4

Mizoram 17.5 A & N Islands # 9.0


Marginal Workers by period of work 2011 INDIA

Indicator Marginal workers 2011 Percentage to marginal workers

Less than 3 months

3 to 6 months Less than 3 months

3 to 6 months

Slum

Persons 5,07,890 27,17,109 15.7 84.3

Males 3,07,722 16,44,514 15.8 84.2

Females 2,00,168 10,72,595 15.7 84.3

Urban (slum reported towns)

Persons 16,35,204 1,02,02,989 9.9 62.0

Males 10,10,554 62,47,258 10.1 62.5

Females 6,24,650 39,55,731 9.7 61.2

Urban (all towns)

Persons 24,36,189 1,40,12,437 14.8 85.2

Males 14,43,214 85,45,002 14.4 85.6

Females 9,92,975 54,67,435 15.4 84.6

New in

2011


Cultivators INDIA





2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 3,15,573 5,28,407 2,12,834 67.4 1.8 2.2

Males 2,42,161 3,96,731 1,54,570 63.8 1.7 2.1

Females 73,412 1,31,676 58,264 79.4 2.3 2.4Urban (slum reported towns)

Persons 13,23,681 23,56,322 10,32,641 78.0 1.4 1.8

Males 10,17,822 18,10,417 7,92,595 77.9 1.3 1.7


Persons 25,93,104 37,24,142 11,31,038 43.6 2.8 2.8

Males 19,40,647 28,67,626 9,26,979 47.8 2.5 2.7

Females 6,52,457 8,56,516 2,04,059 31.3 4.1 3.1

Agricultural Labourers INDIA





2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 9,33,030 16,71,511 7,38,481 79.1 5.4 7.0

Males 5,50,178 10,29,766 4,79,588 87.2 3.9 5.6


Persons 23,55,934 47,10,949 23,55,015 100.0 2.6 3.5

Males 14,47,822 30,52,227 16,04,405 110.8 1.9 2.9


Persons 43,44,112 73,35,382 29,91,270 68.9 4.7 5.5

Males 26,22,889 48,10,115 21,87,226 83.4 3.4 4.6

Females 17,21,223 25,25,267 8,04,044 46.7 10.7 9.0

Household Industry Workers INDIA





2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 9,29,068 11,93,449 2,64,381 28.5 5.4 5.0

Males 5,16,401 7,00,465 1,84,064 35.6 3.6 3.8

Females 4,12,667 4,92,984 80,317 19.5 13.1 9.2Urban (slum reported towns)

Persons 35,00,456 45,33,166 10,32,710 29.5 3.8 3.4

Males 20,56,513 28,90,082 8,33,569 40.5 2.7 2.7


Persons 48,14,262 63,88,688 15,74,426 32.7 5.2 4.8

Males 27,52,957 39,11,744 11,58,787 42.1 3.6 3.7

Females 20,61,305 24,76,944 4,15,639 20.2 12.8 8.8

Other Workers INDIA





2001 2011 2001 2011

Slum

Persons 1,51,32,897 2,04,45,892 53,12,995 35.1 87.4 85.8

Males 1,28,63,290 1,63,26,266 34,62,976 26.9 90.8 88.5


Persons 6,43,85,359 9,19,90,193 2,76,04,834 42.9 69.8 69.1

Males 5,51,40,368 7,43,15,562 1,91,75,194 34.8 72.4 70.7

Females 92,44,991 1,76,74,631 84,29,640 91.2 57.4 63.0Urban (all towns)

Persons 8,05,27,176 11,56,97,564 3,51,70,388 43.7 87.3 86.9

Males 6,88,58,830 9,35,13,377 2,46,54,547 35.8 90.4 89.0

Females 1,16,68,346 2,21,84,187 1,05,15,841 90.1 72.5 79.1

Thank You

For further information, please visitwww.censusindia.gov.in

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