Hazard Communication

Program

Prevent injuries or deaths from: Violent chemical reactions, fires, explosions Burns, irritation, trouble breathing, nausea,

diseases

Manufacturers, importers: Classify chemical hazards Provide labels, safety data

sheets (SDSs)

Benefits of understanding chemical hazards

1a

Air monitoring equipment

Appearance, odor

Physical, chemical

characteristics

Unknown chemicals to be

considered hazardous

Detecting hazardous chemicals

2a

Chemical manufacturers

or importers must

classify chemicals

according to the

physical and health

hazards

A chemical can have

both physical and health

hazards

Physical and health hazards

3a

1.Explosives2.Flammable gases3.Flammable

aerosols4.Flammable liquids5.Flammable solids6.Oxidizing liquids7.Oxidizing solids8.Oxidizing gases9.Self-Reactive

substances

Physical Hazards

10. Pyrophoric liquids11.Pyrophoric solids12.Self-heating

substances13.Organic peroxides14.Corrosive to metals15.Gases under pressure16.Substances which, in

contact with water emit flammable gases

Pyrophoric gas - spontaneously ignites at 130°F or below

Combustible dust - build-up can ignite if suspended in air in confined area◦ Grains, sugar◦ Charcoal, soot◦ Chemicals (sulfur)◦ Metals (magnesium, aluminum)◦ Plastics, resins

Physical hazards

4b

Health Hazards Acutely toxicity Skin corrosion or

irritation Serious eye damage or

irritation Respiratory or skin

sensitization Germ cell mutagen

Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxin Target organ systemic

toxin◦ Single exposure◦ Repeated exposure

Aspiration hazard

Engineering controls Administrative work practice Enclosing operations Ventilation equipment Substituting less hazardous chemicals Safe procedures Safer chemical handling procedures

Protective control measures

7a

Always use in plant Chemical-resistant:

◦ Goggles◦ Face shields◦ Gloves◦ Boots◦ Coveralls◦ Aprons◦ Respirators

Do not use damaged, malfunctioning PPE

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

8b

Chemical emergencies can involve fires, explosions, burns, asphyxiations

Unknown chemicals are considered to be hazardous

Emergency responders manage:◦ Releases of unknown chemicals◦ Any potentially dangerous release

Others go to safe area, report emergency

Emergency procedures

9a

Check the SDS Report overexposures

to any chemical Get prompt first aid,

medical attention

Contact with corrosive, irritating chemicals: Use emergency

eyewash, showers Flush eyes/skin

with water

First aid

10a

Overexposure from breathing vapors, gases, aerosols, fumes, dust: Move victim to safe area with fresh air Get emergency medical assistance

Ingesting chemicals: Call poison control center, emergency

medical responders Have information from SDS available Only induce vomiting or give water if advised

by a medical provider

First aid

10c

OSHA’s HazCom standard includes requirements for: Chemical classification Safety data sheets (SDSs) Labeling Written HazCom program Employee information, training Provisions for trade secrets Not required if handling closed

containers

Written HazCom program

11a

Labels warn of potential dangers

Labels are not intended to be the sole source of information

Labels serve as an immediate warning Containers need labels Pipes, fuel tanks, engines are not

containers

Labeling overview

12a

While HazCom 2012 is phased in, you will still see labels meeting previous rule: Identity of hazardous chemical Appropriate hazard warnings Name and address of manufacturer,

importer, or other responsible party

Labeling overview

12b

Labeling - shipped containers

13b

Written HazCom program: Labels, warnings Safety data sheets (SDSs) Employee information,training List of hazardous chemicals How employees learn hazards

of non-routine tasks Hazards of chemicals in unlabeled pipes

Written HazCom program

11c

Hazards without symbols (Label says warning)- Simple asphyxiant:

Hazard statement = “May displace oxygen and cause rapid suffocation”

Combustible dust:Hazard statement = “May form combustible dust

concentrations in air” OSHA-defined hazards - Pyrophoric gas: Flame pictogram Signal word = “DANGER” Hazard statement = “Catches fire

spontaneously if exposed to air”

Labeling - shipped containers

13f

Rely on labels on shipped containers Re-label if label falls off Re-label if label cannot be read

Labeling - in-house containers

14a

Transferring hazardous chemicals to another container: Must label container if another person will use it Must label container if it is available during

another shiftIndividual stationary containers (i.e., tanks) may use: Signs Placards Batch tickets Operating procedures

These alternatives must provide the same information as would a label

Labeling - in-house containers

14b

NFPA system identifies:◦ Health hazards - Blue◦ Flammability

hazards - Red◦ Reactivity hazards - Yellow◦ Special hazards - WhiteHazard severity (0 to 4):◦ 0 = none◦ 4 = severe

Labeling - in-house containers

14e

HMIS system identifies:◦ Health hazards - Blue◦ Flammability hazards - Red◦ Physical hazards - Orange◦ Personal protection - WhiteHazard severity (0 to 4):◦ 0 = minimal◦ 1 = slight◦ 2 = moderate◦ 3 = serious◦ 4 = severe

Labeling - in-house containers

14f

The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and

Labeling of Chemicals (GHS)

◦ It is an internationally agreed-upon system, created by the

United Nations.

◦ It is designed to replace the various classification and

labeling standards used in different countries by using

consistent criteria for classification and labeling on a global

level.

◦ It established the use of the Safety Data Sheet -SDS that will

replace the MSDS.

Globally Harmonized System

15a

Chemical fact sheets Provided by chemical

suppliers Employer keeps them

up to date Must be in English Immediately available Report missing SDSs

Safety data sheet (SDS)

15a

Sections of the SDS

15a

1 Identification 2 Hazard identification 3 Composition 4 First Aid 5 Fire Fighting 6 Accidental release 7 Handling/ Storage 8 PPE requirements 9 Properties

10 Stability/reactivity 11 Toxilogical info 12 Ecological info 13 Disposal 14 Transport 15 Regulatory 16 Other notes

Use: Verify label information PPE recommendations Symptoms, health effects First aid Emergency procedures PPE recommendations Symptoms, health effects First aid Emergency procedures

Safety data sheet (SDS)

15b

Being replaced with SDSs

MSDSs include:

◦ Chemical Identity and characteristics,

hazards, routes of entry, exposure

limits, carcinogen status, precautions,

control measures, First aid procedures,

date of production, manufacturer

identity

◦ Can include other things, do not have a

specific order and can be confusing at

times

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

17a