presión capilar a partir de registros
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1/12/2006
Capillary Pressure From Logs
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PredictPredict SwSw distributiondistribution in reservoirin reservoir
(compare with log data, initialize simulator)(compare with log data, initialize simulator)
PredictPredict free water levelfree water level
Predict Rock Type, Quality and Pore geometryPredict Rock Type, Quality and Pore geometry
Assist in interpretation/calculation ofAssist in interpretation/calculation of relativerelative
permeabilitypermeability
CalculateCalculate pore size distributionpore size distribution
Applications of CapillaryApplications of Capillary
Pressure DataPressure Data
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r
Cos
Cos
Capillary pressureCapillary pressure exists whenever twoexists whenever twoimmiscible phases are present in a fineimmiscible phases are present in a fine
tube, andtube, and is defined as the pressure dropis defined as the pressure drop
across the curved liquid interfaceacross the curved liquid interface..
r
Cos2Pc
=
hgPc =
Capillary pressure in a tube can beCapillary pressure in a tube can becalculated if the fluidcalculated if the fluid interfacial tensioninterfacial tension,,
rockrock--fluidfluid contact anglecontact angle, and the tube, and the tube
radiusradius are known.are known. Capillary pressure can also be expressedCapillary pressure can also be expressed
as a hydrostatic head. It is equal to theas a hydrostatic head. It is equal to the
product of theproduct of the heightheight of the liquid rise, theof the liquid rise, the
density differencedensity difference of the two liquids, andof the two liquids, and
thethe gravitational constant.gravitational constant.
Pw-PnwPc =
CAPILLARY PRESSURE THEORYCAPILLARY PRESSURE THEORY
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0 1Water Saturation
HeightAboveWaterLevel
B
A
AARockRock--typetype BBRockRock--typetype
Pore size and d istr ibut ion inf luence the magnitu de of ir reduciblewater and the height of th e transit ion zone. Smaller pores and pore throats mean low er permeabi l i ty and
high er Sw
Effect of Pore Geometry
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As h ydro carbon s accumulate, the largest pores are drained f irst . Smaller po res are drained as the HC co lumn (height or pressure)
increases
A
B
Effect of Pore Geometry
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0 100%Sw
IrreducibleWa
terSaturation
Swir
WellWell
Top Transition Zone
Transition Zone
Free Water Level
(Pc = 0)
HC and
Mobile Water
Observed HC-WC
(Pc = Pce)
HC, water-free
D
E
PT
H
Fluid Distribution in a HC
Reservoir
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A
Rock type B
Rock type A
B
Capillary PropertiesCapillary Properties
Calibrated Log ResponseCalibrated Log Response
CAPILLARYPRESSURE
HEIGHTINRESERVOIRABOVEFWL
0 Sw 1
Sealing Fault
A
A
B
FWL
OWC
OWC OWC
Relationship of Reservoir Saturations to:
Logged Interval
Rt
Sw Profile in Wellbore
Rt = F Rw / Swn
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0 1
Sw
Cap
illaryPressureorH
eightAboveFWL
OWC
OWC
OWC
FWL
SedimentarySequence
A B CRock Type
0 1
Sw
Sw from Wireline
B
A
C
B
A
B
A
C Sw trace
Sw Distribution by
CAPILLARY PRESSURE Model
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Capillary Pressure Curves from NMR
- 1
10 -4 10 -3 10 -2 10 -1 10 0 10 1
T2 (s)
Cumulative
T2
Distribution
951211-02
T2 distributions are normally displayed as incremental porosity
distributions. Integrating from left to right gives us cumulative porosity
distributions
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Capillary Pressure Summary
Primary Uses
Determine pore throat size distribution
Determine vertical wetting phase
saturation distribution
Help separate rock types (quality)