presentation hermann koller chile
TRANSCRIPT
ISWA Main Sponsors:
Global Waste Management Outlook and effects on Circular Economy and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
Santiago/Chile, 25 November 2015
Hermann KollerManaging Director
Contents
1. Main findings and results of the Global Waste Management Outlook
2. Development of the Circular Economy and Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
3. Global call for action
4. EPR approach in Chile – suggestions on establishing and implementation
Global Waste Management Outlook (GWMO)
The GWMO is a cooperation project between United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and the International Solid Waste Association (ISWA), starting in 2012
The existing GWMO report was launched in September 2015 and is the first of its kind given a world wide overview and status report about waste management, and concludes with a call for action including political measures and financial contributions needed
On the basis of this report regional reports will be developed including detailed implementation measures
1. Main findings of the GWMO
MSW: 2 billion tonnes per year(Municipal Solid Waste)
Total: 7-10 billion tonnes per year (incl. MSW, commercial/industrial waste, construction waste)
Photos: Natalia Reyna; UN-Habitat
World Wide Waste Generation increasing
thereof
1. Main findings of the GWMO
The higher the income the higher the waste amounts
In the developed countries per capita rates doubled from 1970-2000, stabilized since 2005 In 2012 50% of the worldwide waste was generated by developed countries In developing economies the per capita rate will continue to rise as economies develop
1. Main findings of the GWMO
Lower income cities in Africa and Asia will double their municipal solid waste
generation within 15-20 years
➢ Populations continue to grow
➢ Migration from rural to urban areas continue
➢ Number and size of cities increase
➢ Waste per capita rising as economies grow
City population data taken from World Urbanization Prospects, 2014 edition
Significant Growth Trends in Developing Economies
1. Main findings of the GWMO
Waste is a global as well as a national and a local issue
2-3 billion people still lack access to basic waste servicesWaste management is a basic human need
– this unacceptable situation must be addressed as a priority
Waste prevention and recycling must be addressed
– Move from a linear to a circular economy
We all generate wastes – We all have a responsibility
The findings of the GWMO call for global action
1. Main findings of the GWMO
Waste management has strong linkages to a range of other global challenges: e.g.
➢ climate change ➢ poverty reduction ➢ food and resource security ➢ sustainable consumption and
production.
The Various Benefits of Waste Management
1. Main findings of the GWMO
Provide infrastructure in order to develop collection
1. Main findings of the GWMO
Stop uncontrolled
dumpingand burning
Focus on the
‘feedback loops’
Focus on
waste prevention
Bring hazardous
wastes under control
Ensure access for all to basic waste services
Deal with the hazardoussubstances in wastes
Tackle the problemat the source
Close a clean material cycle
Move from a linear to a circular economy
The way towards circular economy (I)
2. Development of Circular Economy and EPR
From dumpsite to engineered landfills
2. Development of Circular Economy and EPR
Separation at source
2. Development of Circular Economy and EPR
➢ Developing countries often have good recycling rates due to the informal sector.
➢ Developed countries have rebuilt rates in the past 20-30 years from a low base
Note: 2012 data for selected cities
Recycling as an important issue
2. Development of Circular Economy and EPR
Informal sector contribution to high recycling rates in emerging and developing economies
2. Development of Circular Economy and EPR
• Maximize recycling
• In low-income countries, integrate existing small-scale entrepreneurial recycling within mainstream waste management
• Develop environmentally sound energy facilities and landfills for residual waste that cannot be sustainably recycled
Focus on the
‘feedback loops’
The way towards circular economy (II)
2. Development of Circular Economy and EPR
Preventing waste is estimated to save business worldwide hundreds of billions of dollars each year on raw materials, energy and labour costs
1.3 billion tonnes of edible food waste is generated a year, enough to feed all the undernourished people in the world twice over.
Photo: SLUFood bank, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Waste Reduction as an important issue
2. Development of Circular Economy and EPR
The costs of inaction: The costs to society exceed the financial costs per capita of proper waste management by a factor of 5-10
Proper waste management still has a financial cost:➢ Affordability is a major challenge in developing and emerging economies
➢ Even the poor would pay something when they can see the benefits of a clean and healthy community
Who to contribute:➢ Full cost recovery is more affordable as income levels rise
➢ Cost transfer of managing end-of-life products, from municipalities to the “producer”
Financing as an important issue
2. Development of Circular Economy and EPR
Focus on developing economies (I)
3. Global call for action
Extended basic waste services to all, as an initial step– Achieve 100% collection coverage in cities with population > 1 million – Eliminate open burning– Close large open dumps and convert to controlled disposal
Mobilize Overseas Development Assistance for waste management– From 0.3% to 3%– Support the least developed countries
3. Global call for action
➢ Assist the poorest countries to extend access for all to waste services
➢ Establish/strengthen wide reaching capacity development programmes in developing countries
➢ Hazardous wastes – finance both enforcement and ensuring the provision of sound facilities within developing countries for their own waste
➢ Promote Producer responsibility programmes to ensure that international companies take their fair share of responsibility for waste management globally, including in developing and emerging economies
Focus on developing economies (II)
All countries still have some way to go to meet the 2030 goals
Actions for all National and City Governments
3. Global call for action
Improve access to financing for sound waste management facilities and operations
Reduce waste at source. Engage citizens, industries and other stakeholders
Move from linear waste management to the circular economy
Improve substantially the availability and reliability of waste and resource management data – if you don’t measure it, you can’t manage it.
EPR approach in Chile
4. EPR approach in Chile
Status Targets and cornerstones of law defined
9 priority product categories (originally) identified
Contents in law listed
Support mechanisms, audits and sanctions clearly defined
Ambitious time schedule for implementation set
22
Some recommendations for the implementation
Clear responsibilities for all stakeholders
Setting of appropriate targets
Ensure financing
Gaining practical experiences through pilot projects
Sufficient infrastructure for collection, sorting and recycling
Capacity building to raise expertise
Awareness rising to motivate consumers Monitoring
4. EPR approach in Chile