EL ISLAM Y SU EXPANSIÓN

The Islam and its expansion

ARABIAPRE

ISLÁMICA

PRE-ISLAMIC ARABIAIn the early seventh

century was inhabitated by nomad shepherds,

who travelled from one oasis to another, and by settled tribs on the Read

Sea coast, who lived from agriculture and

trade

ARABIA, MAHOMA Y EL ISLAMARABIA, MUHAMMAD AND ISLAM

Muhammad was born in Mecca in 570 and spent his youth in the caravan trade.

According to legend, the archangel Gabriel told him to preach the religion of Allah (God).

The new religion is called Islam, what

means submision to the only and very

God, Allah

LA HÉGIRAHIJRA

He begun to preach that Allah was the only God, that the poor and the rich were equal and they had to share their money.This angered the rich polytheistic merchants of Mecca and Muhammad had to escape to Medina in 622.This event, known as Hijra, is taken as the start of the Muslim calendar.

The Holy Koran,contains Muhammad's

teachings

El Corán

LOS PILARES DEL ISLAMPILARS OF ISLAM

LOS PILARES DEL ISLAM

PROFESS THE FAITH

OBLIGATORY PRAYERPray five times a day, facing towards Mecca

PILGRIMADE TO MECCAMust be made once in a lifetime

FASTING DURING THE MONTH OF RAMADAM

ALMS-GIVINGMuslims must share his wealth with the less

fortunate

LA EXPANSIÓN DEL ISLAMTHE EXPANSION OF ISLAM

THE STAGES OF THE CONQUESTTHE RASHIDUN CALIPHATE(632-661)EL CALIFATO ORTODOXOIn this period Muhammad's successor were chosen among the family members and closest friends of Muhammad.They lived in Medina.The Empire stread throughough Syria, Palestine, Egipt, North of Africa, Mesopotamia and Persia

THE UMAYYAD CALIPHATE (661-750)EL CALIFATO OMEYAThe capital was changed to Damasco.The Arabic Empire was at its biggest, extending from the Iberian Peninsula to the Indus Valley.

THE ABBASID CALIPHATE (750-1055)EL CALIFATO ABASIDAThe Abbasid dynasty deposed the Umayyads They moved the capital to Bagdag.The expansion ceased and the Empire began to break down into many small caliphates.

Finally the Turks conquered the caliphate in 1055, but the Abbasid monarchy continued after the Turks until the Moghuls conquered Bagdag in 1258.The Ottoman Turks became very powerful during the next centuries until Constantinople fell in 1453, ending the Byzantine Empire.

“To be continued..."

– Nuria Torreblanca