Examples of the present perfect: My motherhasjustgoneto the store. Janethas livedabroad for five years. Ihavent seenthe new movie yet. Haveyoufinishedyour homework?Its very common to use the contractionsveandsin the present perfect: Ivebeen to Japan three times. Mymothersjust gone to the store. Janetslived abroad for five years.I havealreadyworked in that restaurant for 3 years. I have worked in that restaurantsince 2008.

Examples of the past perfect:1. I went to Japan in 1988 and 1991.2. I turned 10 years old in 1994.I had been to Japan twice by the time I was 10 years old.1. My husband ate breakfast at 6:00 AM2. I woke up at 7:00 AMWhen I woke up this morning, my husband had already eaten breakfast.Its common to use the contractiondin the past perfect: Id traveled to five different countries by the time I was 20 years old.Before I arrived at the bus stop, the bushad left.He said he had finished having dinnerHe had completed his project before midnight.I had taken my supper when he arrived.Had you finished your work when I visited you yesterday? When I reached the station, the train had already started. He said that his father had returned to America. After I had done my work, I played tennis.1. When I had finished my homework, I watched television.2. I had finished my homework when I watched television.3. I had finished my homework before I watched television.4. I finished my homework before I watched television.5. After I had finished my homework, I watched television.6. After I finished my homework, I watched television.7. I finished my homework and I watched television.

If I had worked harder, I would not have failed my exam.

If I worked hardIf I work hard, I will not fail...If I worked hard, I would not fail...

The student had been given warnings by the school.(passive form)The school had given the student warnings.