present and past perfect
DESCRIPTION
Present perfect, present perfect progressive, and the past perfect.TRANSCRIPT
The Present Perfect TenseIntroduction
How long have you lived in Denver?
How long have you lived in Denver?
I have lived here for 6 months.
I’ve lived here since August.
Sandra has lived here for a while.
Simão’s lived here for just a short time.
Present Perfect
Statements:
Subject + have/has + past participle
Questions:
(Wh) + have/has + subject + past participle
Present Perfect
Statements:
Subject + have/has + past participle
I + have + lived here 6 months.
Sarah + has + bought a car.
Present PerfectQuestions:
(Wh) + have/has + subject + past participle
Where have you been in the U.S.?
Who have you met since you moved to Denver?
Have you seen the movie Man of Steel?
Present Perfect
When do we use the present perfect?
Present perfect: Use 1
Present Perfect: Use 1
Actions or states started in the past and continue to now.
Ex 1: I have had a car since August.
Ex 2: I have driven since I was sixteen.
Nobody knows the trouble I’ve seen...
Nobody knows my sorrow.
Present Perfect: Use 2
Finished actions with unspecified time; Experience
Ex: I have been to Thailand, so I speak a little Thai.
Ex: What is that? I’ve never seen anything like it!
Present Perfect: Use 3
Present Perfect: Use 3
When do we use the present perfect?
Actions that were repeated in past & could repeat again.
Ex: I have sent him three emails so far today. Am I annoying?
Ex: He has eaten at that restaurant many times.
Present Perfect
Which time words are used?
Since (with a starting point in the past)
Since last week; Since I was sixteen.
For (with a length of time)
For two days. For a long time.
Present Perfect
Which adverbs are frequently used?
Ever (Only for questions or negative statements)
Never
Already
Yet (Only for questions; negative statements)
Present Perfect
Use Ever/Never for experience
Ever (Only for questions or negative statements)
Have you ever met a celebrity? No, I have not ever met a celebrity.
Never
I have never met a celebrity. What is something you’ve never done?
Present PerfectUse Yet/Already for complete/incomplete
Yet (Only for questions or negative statements)
Have you finished your dinner yet? No, I am not done yet.
Already (Positive statements or surprised question)
I’ve already read that book. Wow! Have you already finished 400 pages?
Present Perfect Progressive
Present Perfect Progressive
When do we use the present perfect progressive?
Actions that started in past and are in progress now
Ex 1: I have been driving since I was sixteen.
Ex 2: He has been sleeping for twenty hours! Is he ill?
PP or PPP?
Habitual or long term activities that continue now use either PP or PPP.
Ex 1: I have been driving since I was sixteen.
Ex 2: I have driven since I was sixteen.
PP or PPP?
An activity that is still in progress uses the present perfect progressive with duration words.
Ex: He has been sleeping for twenty hours!
Past Perfect
Past Perfect
When do we use the past perfect?
To contrast two events or activities in the past.
To make the order of different past events more clear.
Past Perfect
What time words are used with the past perfect?
Past Perfect
What time words are used with the past perfect?
Before
After
By
By the time
Past PerfectWhat time words are used with the past perfect?
Before + simple past clause, past perfect clause
After + past perfect clause, simple past clause
By + year or time phrase
By the time + simple past clause, past perfect clause
Past PerfectBefore and after can used with either simple past or past perfect.
Ex: I hadn’t done the homework yet before I went to class.
Ex: I didn’t do my homework before I went to class.
Ex: After I had seen the movie, I wrote a summary.
Ex: After I saw the movie, I wrote a summary.
Past Perfect
We ALWAYS use the past perfect with by and by the time.
By 1890, the University of Denver had already opened.
I had already finished my work by the time he arrived.
Practice
Matt loves dancing...
Write about Matt using present and past tenses.