Optimization of Indoor Positioning system of WLAN Using Path Loss Model

Leena AryaPh.D. Scholar (Full Time IITR)Enrollment No. 078952

Co-AuthorsDr. S.C. Sharma Dr.Millie PantElectronics Discipline Mathematics. Discipline Associate Professor Assistant Professor DPT, I.I.T. Roorkee DPT,I.I.T RoorkeeSaharanpur Campus Saharanpur CampusSaharanpur Saharanpur

Outline Of PresentationIntroductionBackground of WLANObjectives of proposed workComparison of Various ModelsWireless LANApplicationsIEEE StandardsWhy Optimization?Optimization TechniquesParticle Swarm Optimization (PSO)Indoor Path LossThe ModelThe Simulation Software Qualnet 5.0Simulation ParameterHostel ScenarioIn future the Proposed work is

Introduction Communication Network

LANMANWANWireless NetworkInfrastructure-based Wireless Networks WLAN

Infrastructure-less Wireless Networks

WifiWimaxMANET

BACKGROUND Of WLANWLANs provide wireless network communication over short distances using radio or infrared signals instead of traditional network cabling.

WLAN comprises fixed-location transceivers known as access points (APs) to which client workstations and peripherals connect via RF technology.

Objectives of Proposed WorkIt is proposed to carried out the following analysis:- To understand the reported model.To develop the algorithm to find the optimal number and location of Aps using Particle Swarm Optimization. To test the algorithm with the reported available data.To develop modeling tools using QUALNET 5.0 simulation design tool for performance optimization of WLAN access pointsTo test the signal strength and interference in a WLAN system with the reported available data.

Comparison of various Models

S.No.PaperModelTechniqueAvailable InformationAuthorsYear 1Optimal Access Point placement in Simultaneous Broadcast System using OFDM for Indoor WLANRay Tracing ModelVery Fast simulated Annealing Algorithm(VFSA)Discontinuous Cost Functionhas many local minimaMari Kobayashi, et.al [1]IEEE PIMRC 2000 2Coverage Planning for Outdoor Wireless LAN systemsPath Loss ModelPruning, Neighborhood Search and Simulated AnnealingDiscrete Search SpaceMax Kamenetsky, et.al [2] IEEE-2002 3Performance Analysis of Indoor WLAN MobilityIndoor Path Loss ModelOPNET 10 Simulator SoftwareReflection, Diffraction, Scattering Mohd. Dani Baba, et.al[3]WSEAS 2005 4Optimal Placement of Access Point in WLAN Based on a New AlgorithmPath Loss ModelDiscrete Gradient Optimization AlgorithmNonsmooth,Nonconvex,has many local minimaS.Kouhbor,et.al[3]IEEE-July 2005 5Physical Security Enhancement in WLAN Systems Path Loss ModelA New Global optimization Algorithm(AGOP)Nondifferentiable,nonconvexShahnaz Kouhboret.al[5]ISSNIP-IEEE 2007

Wireless LAN

ApplicationsData NetworksData exchange between laptops, PDAEx) LANHome NetworksUsing PDA in the bedroom to scan music in PCDevice NetworksReplace inconvenient cabled connections with wireless connectionsEx) BluetoothSensor NetworksWith Non-rechargeable battery / minimize human intervention

IEEE Standards

The method used by network operators to find the placement of AP is based on the RF (radio frequency) site survey.

Another method to find the position of APs is using optimization techniques which is more reliable.Why optimization?

Optimization TechniquesConventional TechniquesUnconventional TechniquesNewton basedQuasi-Newton methodsConjugate gradient search method Steepest descent methodEvolutionary Programming (EP) Evolution Strategies (ES) Genetic Algorithms (GAs)Differential Evolution (DE)Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)PSO is a robust stochastic optimization technique based on the movement and intelligence of swarms.It was developed in 1995 by James Kennedy (social-psychologist) and Russell Eberhart (electrical engineer). It uses a number of agents (particles) that constitute a swarm moving around in the search space looking for the best solution.

Indoor Path Loss

Optimization ModelWe define : Access points(AP). Receivers/Users .

Path loss from user to AP . Maximum tolerable path loss .

Optimization Model and AlgorithmStep1:Find maximum path loss for AP placed in first position .Step2:Find maximum path loss for AP placed in second position .And so on for all considered positions .Step3 : Search for minimum value of amongCalculated path loss .Step4 : The position which mapping with minimum value is optimal position of AP .

Minimum transmitted power Transmitter power . Receiver threshold .

The Model S. Kouhbor, et. al [4] has described a mathematical model developed for finding the optimal number and location of APs. A new Global Optimization Algorithm (AGOP) is used to solve finding the optimal number and location of APs. For indoor environment the signal power at the receiver SRx is related to the transmit power TRx as shown below path losses at reference distance assuming transmit and receive antenna with unity gain can be calculated from:

A part of the Boys Hostel Map

Measured Path Loss

A part of the Boys Hostel Map

Measured Path Loss

Environments considered are:-Free Space-Indoor Line of Sight-Obstructed indoorThree primary modes for Electromagnetic signal Reflection Diffraction Scattering

THE SIMULATION SOFTWARE QUALNET 5.0

QualNet Developer provides a comprehensive environment for designing network protocols, creating and visualizing network scenarios under use-specified conditions, and analyzing their performance. QualNet Developer is a comprehensive suite of tools for modeling large wired and wireless networks. It uses simulation and emulation to predict the behavior and performance of networks with thousands of nodes.

TABLE.II SIMULATION PARAMETER

Area1500*1500 mNo. of Nodes8Frequency2.4 GHzSimulation Time60secNode PlacementRandomMobility ModelRandom waypointSpeed0-20 m/sPropagation ModelFree spaceChannel Bandwidth5.5 MbpsTraffic TypeCBRRouting ProtocolBellman FordMAC ProtocolIEEE 802.11b

Mobility in the part of the Boys Hostel Map

Hostel Scenario

The signals transmitted

The signals received

The signals received but with errors.

In Future the proposed work isTo include obstacles in the mathematical model Comparison of results taken by the optimization technique and by the simulation software.

LIST OF PUBLICATIONSInternational/National JournalsLeena Arya, S.C. Sharma & Millie Pant, " Optimal Coverage of Access Points Using Path Loss Model for Indoor WLAN Systems ,IJ-ETA-ETS,vol.3,Issue 1,pp.672-675,July2010.Leena Arya, S.C. Sharma & Millie Pant, " Coverage of Access Points Using Particle Swarm Optimization Using Path Loss Model in WLAN,(IJRTE) International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, vol.3,no.4,pp. 50-52, May2010.Leena Arya, S.C. Sharma & Millie Pant, "Performance Analysis of Indoor Positioning System, (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, vol. 1, no. 4, pp.37-41,October 2010.Kumar Manoj, S.C.Sharma & Leena Arya, Kumar Manoj, Parma Nand, S. C. Sharma & Leena Arya Fuzzy Based QoS Analysis in MANET for DSR Protocol IJCITE -International Journal of Computers, Information Technology and Engineering, vol. 3, no.1, pp. 33-38, January-June 2009.5) S.C. Sharma, Kumar Manoj & Leena Arya, Performance Analysis of Power in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Different Protocols International Journal of Computing Science & Communication Technologies Vol. 2, no. 1, June 2009.

6) Leena Arya, S.C. Sharma, Design & Fabrication of GSM Based Robot Control CURIE Journal, Vol. 1. No. 4, pp: 12-16. January 2009. (ISSN: 0974-1305)

International/National ConferencesLeena Arya, S.C. Sharma & Millie Pant, Coverage of Access Points Using Particle Swarm Optimization in Indoor WLAN,BAIP 2010, CCIS70, pp. 332336, March 2010.2) Leena Arya, S.C. Sharma & Millie Pant, Algorithm for Coverage of Access Points Using Path Loss Model for Indoor WLAN,IISN-2010, pp.476-478,Feb2010.3) Leena Arya, S.C. Sharma & Millie Pant, Indoor Access Points Location Optimization Using Particle Swarm in WLAN Systems,SRIJAN10, May2010.4) Kumar Manoj, S.C. Sharma & Leena Arya, Performance of QoS Parameter in Mobile Ad hoc Network (IEEE 802.11b) 3rd International Conference on Advance Computing & Communication Technology, Panipat, pp: 378-382. November 08-09, 2008.5) Kumar Manoj, S.C. Sharma & Leena Arya, Analysis of QoS through Fuzzy Based in Wireless Ad hoc Networks 3rd International Conference on Advance Computing & Communication Technology (ICACCT-08), Panipat, pp: 461-465. November 08- 09, 2008.6) Kumar Manoj, S.C. Sharma & Leena Arya, Effect of Throughput Management in MANET (IEEE-802.11) 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Networks (IISN-2009), pp: 346-350, February 14-16, 2009.

7)Kumar Manoj, S.C. Sharma & Leena Arya, Analysis of QoS Parameter in MANET for Different Scenario International Conference on Multimedia, Signal Processing and Communication Technologies from 14th-16th March 2009.8)Kumar Manoj, Parmanand, S.C. Sharma & Leena Arya, Simulation Based-Effect & Analysis of Throughput in Wireless Ad-hoc Network, Proceedings of the INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON VLSI AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (ICVCom-2009), Kottayam, pp: 33- 38, 16th-18th April 2009.9)S.C. Sharma, Kumar Manoj & Leena Arya, Performance Analysis of Power in Mobile Ad hoc Network for Different Protocols 3rd International Conference on Advance Computing & Communication Technology, Panipat, pp: 373-377, November 08-09th, 2008.10) Kumar Manoj, S.C. Sharma & Leena Arya, Fuzzy Based QoS Analysis in Wireless Ad hoc Network for DSR Protocol IEEE International Advance Computing Conference (IACC09), Thapar, pp: 3428-3432, 6-7 March 2009.

M.Kobayashi, S.Haruyama, R.Kohno, M.Nakagawa, "Optimal Access Point Placement in simultaneous broadcast system using OFDM for indoor wireless LAN", IEEE symposium on PIMRC,Vol.1, PP.200-204, 2000. M. Kamenetsky and M. Unbehaun, "Coverage Planning for outdoor Wireless LAN Systems," in Proc. IEEE International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications, Sweden, pp.49-149-6, 2002.Mohd. Dani Baba, Mohammad Ibrahim, Bdulmukti Ahmad,Performance Analysis of Indoor WLAN Mobility, Proceedings of the 4th WSEAS International Conference on Electronics,Hardware, Wireless and Optical, 2005. REFERENCES

REFERENCESS. Kouhbor, J.Ugon, A. Kruger, A.Rubinov, Optimal Placement of Access Point in WLAN Based on a New Algorithm, In: proc. Of the International Conference onMobile Business-IEEE/ICMB, pp. 592-598, July 2005.Shahnaz Kouhbor, Physical Security Enhancement in WLAN Systems, ISSNIP-IEEE, pp.733-738, 2007.AvaLAN Wireless Systems Inc., 1020 Corporation Way, Palo Alto, CA 94303, August 2006. www.avalanwireless.com/assets_ v3/.../Surveying Wireless Networks, GD/JANET/TECH, 2008. www.ukema.ac.uk/documents/.../technical../

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